October 2010
Physiological responses of food animals to road transportation stress
The increasing demand in proteins to feed the ever-growing world population has necessitated the industrialization and transportation of livestock using different means of transportation across several ecological zones with different climatic conditions. The stress factors acting on animals during road transportation are numerous and the responses of the animal to them are complex, non-specific and often detrimental to...
October 2010
Relationship between five climatic parameters and somatic embryogenesis from sporophytic floral explants of Theobroma cacao L.
To analyse the relationship between climatic parameters and somatic embryogenesis (SE), some favourable and unfavourable periods were identified. Likewise, to optimize SE in unfavourable periods the relationship among 2,4-D/TDZ, SE and year was analysed. Staminodes and petals of six hybrids and two clones as controls were sown in bulk onto three different calli induction media. Minimal temperature, rainfall, maximal...
October 2010
Insect-resistance and high-yield transgenic tobacco obtained by molecular breeding technology
The modified synthesized VHb gene and insectidal gene (GFMcryIA) were transferred to tobacco plants by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The bivalent genes were inserted successfully into the tobacco genome and detected by PCR amplification. Southern blot and Western blot analyses showed that VHb gene was expressed in the transgenic plants. Toxicity assay indicated that...
October 2010
Detection of somaclonal variation by random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis during micropropagation of Phalaenopsis bellina (Rchb.f.) Christenson
Phalaenopsis bellina (Rchb.f.) Christenson orchid species are known for their beautiful flower shape, graceful inflorescence and fragrance. Protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) of P. bellina were induced from leaf segments. The PLBs were then subjected to proliferation using ½ strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) media with two subcultures at three months intervals. Twelve decamer random amplified...
October 2010
Characterization of wide cross derivatives in rice Oryza sativa L. using genomic in situ hybridization (GISH)
Interspecific crosses provide a bridge by which the gene pool of rice can be increased. Introduction of alien genes requires hybridization followed by meiotic pairing and recombination between the chromosomes of cultivated and wild species. Attempts have been made to visualize the genomic constitution of wide-cross derivatives. Genomic in situ hybridization was used to detect Oryza...
October 2010
Prolamin extraction from high polyphenol seeds of sorghum (Sorghum spp.) and species discrimination and varieties identification by ultrathin-layer isoelectric focusing
The seeds of sorghum (Sorghum spp.) are rich in polyphenols, which cause protein precipitation and coloration of extracts. Because of this precipitation, proteins in seeds of sorghum cannot be effectively extracted using common methods. Here we report two modified methods for the seed protein extraction. The result showed that the method in which the samples were pretreated by polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVPP)...
October 2010
The effect of different harvesting times on seed-set efficiency in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) varieties
This study was undertaken in the South Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey during the 2006 and 2007 growing seasons to investigate the seed set efficiencies (SSE) of ten cotton cultivars grown in semi-arid climatic conditions. SSE changed by year by approximately 1-2%, averaging 87-88% in both of the study years, respectively. Mean values for varieties ranged from 86.5% (SG-125) to 89.9% (DPL-5111) in 2006 and from...
October 2010
Effects of soil solarization and some amendments to control verticillium wilt in established olive orchards
The effects of solarization treatments, alone or with organic amendments and urea against verticillium wilt on olives were studied. Trials were carried out during the 2005 - 2007 seasons in an olive orchard consisting of 700 4 - 6 year old trees (cv Gemlik) in Germencik region of Aydin. Five treatments were carried out: Solarization (S), solarization + chicken manure (SCM) (1 kg m-2), solarization + olive...
October 2010
Effect of sowing techniques and harvesting treatments on the performances of some rotation pasture mixtures
The objective of this study was to test the performances of some promising forage crop mixtures for rotation pastures under Mediterranean ecological conditions. The study was conducted in the experimental area of Field Crops Department of Agriculture Faculty, Aegean University, Turkey in 2004 and 2005. Festuca arundinaceae Schreb., Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers., Medicago...
October 2010
Yak and Tibet sheep grazing ingestion restrain seed germination of two Saussurea species in Tibetan meadow
Grazing disturbance had been defined as an important mechanism that allows the maintenance of species diversities in plant communities. To help understand effect of grazing on seed germination characteristics, we conducted a laboratory germination experiment with two Saussurea species, which were dominant species in alpine meadow communities of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, and yak and Tibet sheep rumen juices....
October 2010
Identification of differentially expressed genes from male and female flowers of kiwifruit
Kiwifruit is one of the dioecious plant species, whereas most flowering plants are hermaphrodite. Sex chromosome-linked genes have been isolated mainly from the dioecious plant Silene latifolia. As an attempt to understand the molecular mechanisms of sex determination and differentiation in kiwifruit, we performed DEG (differentially expressed gene) screening using annealing control primer-based gene fishing method...
October 2010
Effect of different extracts of callus and plantlets of Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) on seed germination of some agricultural crops
Biological activity of various extracts from calli grown in presence of different growth hormones and plantlets obtained from micropropagation was observed in laboratory experiment by using Triticum aestivum, Sorghum vulgare, Arachis hypogea, Glycine max, Cajanus cajan, and Cicer arietinum as bioassay materials. The experiment was conducted in sterilized petri dishes for five days at an...
October 2010
Effect of atrazine applications on weed growth and yield at different irrigation levels in corn (Zea mays L.) growth
Corn (Zea mays L.), for silage, is very important in animal feeding because winter seasonal conditions last longer in Eastern Turkey. Corn yield components were investigated in plots, in which herbicide had been applied and also not applied at different irrigation levels in this study. The study lasted for two years and soil-water content was kept at five different levels [96% (I-1), 63% (I-2), 32% (I-3), 15% (I-4)...
October 2010
Screening of Gladiolus germplasm for agronomic performance and resistance against corm rot disease
A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the agronomic performance and resistance of Gladiolus germplasm against corm rot disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht. f. sp. gladioli (L. Masey) W.C. Snyder & H.N. Hans. Among the 23 Gladiolus varieties tested, Glad Red exhibited the highest spike length of 55 cm followed by Advanced Red (50.2 cm) and White Prosperity...
October 2010
Relationship between plant diversity and spatial stability of aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) across different grassland ecosystems
Theory predicts that greater biodiversity is expected to enhance stability of ecosystem. In field experiment, we created some diversity-level assemblages by removing functional groups across two grassland ecosystems and evaluated the responses of spatial stability of aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) to varying functional trait diversity. The results revealed that higher diversity promoted greater spatial...
October 2010
Biodegradation of phenol by free and encapsulated cells of a new Aspergillus sp. isolated from a contaminated site in southern Brazi
The aim of this study was to compare the biodegradation performance of phenol by using free and encapsulated cells of a new Aspergillus sp. strain isolated from a crude oil contaminated soil in southern Brazil. In batch cultures, maximum degradation rates were not significantly different between free and encapsulated cells, but a decrease in adaptation time for encapsulated ones was observed. This fact...
October 2010
Isolation and identification of phenol degrading bacteria from Lake Parishan and their growth kinetic assay
Phenol and its components are extremely toxic and can easily be isolated from different industrial sewage such as oil refinery, petrochemical industry and mines, especially collier and chemical factories. Hence the presence of these compounds in the environment could cause environmental pollution, especially in water resources. In the past, physicochemical method was used for the elimination of phenol and its compounds,...
October 2010
Isolation of chromium resistant bacteria from a former bauxite mine area and their capacity for Cr (VI) reduction
The Cr (VI) reducing capacity of bacteria has been investigated in many different soils and waters but little or no information is available from soils originating from bauxite mine areas. From soil, mud and rhizospheres of the floating aquatic plantPotamogeton natans L. and the terrestrial plant Carduus acanthoides L., the Cr content was determined and the microbial populations were sampled. The highest...
October 2010
Distribution of biomass and diversity of Stipa bungeana community to climatic factors in the Loess Plateau of northwestern China
Based on 28 year field data of Stipa bungeana community in arid, semi-arid, semi-humid areas of the Loess Plateau of Northwestern China, we studied species diversity and above ground biomass of S. bungeana community, analyzed the responses of above ground biomass to climate in different areas, and built a model of relationship between biomass and climatic factors. Results showed that there were...
October 2010
A comparative study on physicochemical properties of Chinese-type soy sauces prepared using pure koji and mixed kojis
Proximate indices, water soluble peptides distribution, free amino acids (FAAs) and aroma active compounds in soy sauces prepared using Aspergillus oryzae koji (SSAO) and mixed kojis (SSAON, A. oryzae koji: Aspergillus niger koji = 3:1, w/w) were determined. Results showed that SSAON resulted in 6.14, 5.97, 10.40, 71.59 and 9.62% of increases in contents of formaldehyde nitrogen,...
October 2010
Analysis of the major chemical compositions in Fuzhuan brick-tea and its effect on activities of pancreatic enzymes in vitro
Fuzhuan brick-tea, a fungal-fermented tea, is commonly consumed in northwest China; in places such as Sinkiang and Tibet and is thought to be helpful in digestion. To better understand Fuzhuan brick-tea and its function on digestion, the Fuzhuan brick-tea’s chemical compounds were surveyed at pivotal process phases, and its effects on pancreatic enzymes in vitro were studied. Most of the changes in...
October 2010
Geophagic clays: Their mineralogy, chemistry and possible human health effects
Randomly chosen representative geophagic clay samples from Cameroon and Nigeria were mineralogically and chemically analysed. The primary objectives of the study were to qualitatively and quantitatively identify the mineral constituents and to determine selected elemental compositions in the clay samples in order to infer on possible human health effects. Laboratory tests performed on the samples included X-ray powder...
October 2010
Genetic control of protein, oil and fatty acids content under partial drought stress and late sowing conditions in sunflower (Helianthus annuus)
The purpose of the present study was to map quantitative trait locus (QTLs) associated with percentage of seed protein, oil and fatty acids content under different conditions in a population of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) of sunflower. Three independent field experiments were conducted with well-, partial-irrigated and late-sowing conditions in randomized complete block design with three replications. High...
October 2010
Expression of retinoic acid receptor β in human colorectal cancer
To investigate the expression of retinoic acid receptor β (RAR-β) in human colorectal cancer, RAR-β was detected by immunohistochemistry in normal, adjacent and tumor colorectal tissues of 60 patients suffering from colorectal cancer. The clinicopathological data of these 60 patients were also collected and analyzed. The expression rate of RAR-β in tumor tissues was significantly lower than those of...
October 2010
In vitro antitumor activity of Gracilaria corticata (a red alga) against Jurkat and molt-4 human cancer cell lines
Gracilaria corticata is a red alga which can be collected from many sea coasts around the world such as China, India, Persian Gulf, etc. The Persian Gulf is a unique marine habitat infested with diverse seaweeds. The aim of the present study is to explore anticancer potential of the crude extracts from G. corticata which was collected from the Bushehr coast (South west of Iran). Here, different...
October 2010
Investigation of the effects of constant darkness and light on blood serum cholesterol, insulin and glucose levels in healthy male rats
This study was designed to investigate the effects of constant darkness and light on changes of serum cholesterol, insulin and glucose levels in healthy male rats. In this study, healthy male rats (n = 30) were divided into 3 groups of tens and kept at various light/dark conditions: Control 12:12 light/dark (LD); constant darkness (DD), and constant light (LL) groups for 2 weeks. Blood samples were obtained from...
October 2010
Determination of the antioxidant properties of ethanol and water extracts from different parts of Teucrium parviflorum Schreber
This study was designed to examine in vitro antioxidant of extracts of Teucrium parviflorum Schreber. The plants were extracted successively in ethanol and water using soxhlet-apparatus. They were screened for possible antioxidant activity using the ABTS• (2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid)) radical...
October 2010
Improvement and enhancement of clavulanic acid production in Streptomyces clavuligerus using vegetable oils
Clavulanic acid (CA) is a potent inhibitor of β-lactamases. Oil can be used as a source of carbon and energy in CA production. To develop a policy for enhanced production of CA, the selection of a production medium and an optimum pH, different vegetable oils as carbon source have been used. The effects of different medium containing vegetable oil on cell growth and CA yield production during the fermentation...
October 2010
Some reproductive aspects of female bullet tuna, Auxis rochei (Risso), from the Turkish Mediterranean coasts
The study aims to investigate some reproductive properties of bullet tuna (Auxis rochei) in Turkish waters. A total of 216 bullet tunas, 110 males (50.93%) and 106 females (49.07%), from the Turkish Mediterranean coasts were sampled monthly between December 2008 and December 2009. The sex ratio was 1:1.04. A total of 106 ovaries were obtained from the females, and these ovaries were histologically examined to determine...
October 2010
Performance, immunity, serum biochemical and hematological parameters in broiler chicks fed dietary thyme as alternative for an antibiotic growth promoter
A research study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary inclusion of thyme powder as an antibiotic growth promoter substitution on performance, immune responses, hematological and biochemical parameters in broiler chicks. In this study, 192 day old chicks (Ross 308) were allocated to four treatments with four replicates based on a completely randomized design. Dietary treatments included control, antibiotic...
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