September 2012
Molecular characterization and functional analysis of plant WRKY genes
WRKY genes are widely distributed in higher plants, and constitute one of the largest transcription factor families. Over recent decades, molecular characterization and functional analysis of WRKY have been extensively studied and reported to be involved in many physiological and biochemical processes. This review describes the current knowledge about their molecular, structural and functional characteristics, including...
September 2012
Plants’ Challenges in a Salinized World: The Case of Capsicum
Plants are sessile and are exposed to many environmental factors and are therefore under stress. In soils used for agriculture, salinity is a major abiotic factor that affects the growth, yield and quality of crops worldwide, mainly by the accumulation of Na+ in plant tissues and resulting loss of water. Crop peppers of the genus Capsicum have a high sensitivity to stress induced by high concentrations of...
September 2012
Microsatellite based investigation of genetic diversity in 24 synthetic wheat cultivars
Common bread wheat has very low genetic diversity. Plant breeders find it difficult to get appropriate germplasm which can be used for bread wheat improvement. Wild plant species is one of the potential sources for conferring resistant genes which can be exploited for bread wheat improvement. The challenge is to utilize these wild relatives into existing food crops without losing the genetic diversity. This study aimed...
September 2012
Gene expression profiling of defense-related genes resistant to Septoria tritici blotch in wheat
To recognize defense-related genes in wheat plants resistant to Septoria tritici leaf blotch (STB) caused by Mycosphaerella graminicola, we utilized complementary DNA-amplified fragment length polymorphism (cDNA-AFLP) analysis. An analysis of transcript-derived fragments’ (TDFs) patterns of the studied resistant wheat cultivar, Frontana, was compared with that of the susceptible cultivar, Seri 82,...
September 2012
Nitrite reductase (nii2) gene has a positive role in nitrogen metabolism in tobacco
Nitrite reductase (NiR) is an enzyme that can reduce the concentration of nitrite. Nitrite is one of the precursors of tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNA), which are potentially carcinogenic products and exist only in tobacco and tobacco products. In this study, we analyzed the over expression of ferredoxin-nitrite reductase nii2 gene (EC 1.7.7.1) in tobacco to determine the reduction of nitrate and...
September 2012
Effect of salicylic acid on in vitro salt tolerance of Artemisia aucheri Boiss.
Several studies have shown that salicylic acid (SA) plays a modulating role in plant response to environmental stress such as high salt concentration. Salt stress in plants leads to oxidative stress. In the present study, we exogenously applied SA (0, 0.5 and 1.5 mgl-1) and NaCl (0, 50 and 150 mM) on Artemisia aucheri Boiss. under in vitro culture. Salt stress increased proline, soluble and...
September 2012
Effects of silver nitrate applications on cucumbers (Cucumis sativus L.) morphology
Silver nitrate (AgNO3) is a frequently used chemical in several areas in agriculture including control of plant growth, flowering development and dormancy. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of AgNO3 on the morphology of cucumbers. The experiments of this study were carried out in a plastic greenhouse in Antalya/Turkiye during the spring and fall of the breeding periods. AgNO3 application was...
September 2012
Induction of defensive enzymes (isozymes) during defense against two different fungal pathogens in pear calli
Activities of defensive enzymes peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and esterase (EST) and their isozymes in pear calli were studied to reveal their role in the defensive response to different fungal infections and to find some clues to enhance their antimicrobial properties. The results confirm the fact that the activities and...
September 2012
Genetic control of soft wheat resistance to yellow rust
Monosomic analysis method allows an in-depth genetic analysis which locates genes that control economically important features of wheat, to determine the linkage groups and map the genes in contrast to conventional methods of genetics. The purpose of our study was to examine resistance of introgressive wheat lines to yellow rust using an effective gene of yellow rust (Yr) Avocet isogenic lines and Kazakhstanskaya 126...
September 2012
In vitro inhibition of tomato Fusarium wilt causative agent by zearalenone from a soil inhabiting fungus
To find naturally occurring compounds for the control of Fusarium wilt disease of tomato in the farming fields, 200 fungal strains were cultured in liquid media and screened for antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporium f. sp. Lycosperci. The screening was carried out using in vitro antifungal assays and coincidentally a strain of Fusarium species was found to produce...
September 2012
Relationships among alfalfa resistance to Sclerotinia crown and stem rot, Sclerotinia trifoliorum and oxalic acid
Sclerotinia crown and stem rot (SCSR) of alfalfa caused by Sclerotinia trifoliorum is one of the main constraints for efficient alfalfa cultivation in temperate climate all over the world. The resistance of 200 alfalfa accessions to Sclerotinia crown and stem rot was evaluated during 2010 to 2011 in the field nursery established in 2009. The resistance of alfalfa accessions germinating seeds to mycelium...
September 2012
Inhibition of the development of pathogenic fungi by extracts of some marine algae from the red sea of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
In this study, the predominant marine algae were collected from three different sites in the coastal area of Al-Kumrah at south of the Red sea of Jeddah, during summer and autumn 2009. The different marine algae belonged to Chlorophyta (Enteromorpha prolifera and Ulva reticulata), Phaeophyta (Cystoseira myrica, Padina pavonica,Sargassum portieriatum and Turbinaria triquetra) and Rhodophyta...
September 2012
Phytase production by the unconventional yeast Pichia anomala in fed batch and cyclic fed batch fermentations
A marked enhancement in the production of cell-bound phytase in Pichia anomalawas achieved in cyclic fed batch fermentation (47333 UL-1) in comparison with that in batch (11569 UL-1) and fixed volume fed batch (36911 UL-1) fermentations in cane molasses medium. Phytase productivity was sustainable in cyclic fed batch fermentation over seven days, and therefore, this mode of fed batch fermentation appears to be...
September 2012
The influence of protective properties of packaging materials and application of modified atmosphere on packed dried apricot
The influence of protective properties of packaging materials and modified atmosphere on quality changes of dried apricot is shown in this paper. In our investigation, we used four different characteristic combinations of packaging materials with different barrier properties for packaging of dried apricot: polyester-polyethylene (PET/PE), paper-polyethylene (PAP/PE), paper-aluminium-polyethylene (PAP/Al/PE),...
September 2012
Evaluation of the protective efficacy of immunoglobulin Y (IgY- antibodies) prepared against Walterinnesia aegyptia snake venom in Saudi Arabia
Four groups of eight chickens were immunized intramuscularly with Walterinnesia aegyptia snake venoms mixed with Freund's complete adjuvant during the period from 1st October 2009 to 1st October 2011 at the Center of Excellence in Biotechnology Research, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia. Three weeks later, the injections were repeated with the venoms in incomplete Freund's adjuvant. Three boosters...
September 2012
Regulation effects of exogenous gibberellin acid (GA3) on the formation of tomato (Solanum Lycoperscium) ovary locule and fasciated transcription
To fully understand the regulation effects of gibberellin on tomato (Solanum Lycoperscium) ovary locule formation and the fasciated transcription, two varieties: multi-locule ‘MLK1’ and few- locule ‘FL1’ which were highly different in locule number and fasciated transcriptional levels, were used in this study. By spraying GA3 and PAC (paclobutrazol; an inhibitor...
September 2012
Chemical analysis, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of eight extracts from Schrankia leptocarpa L.
Schrankia leptocarpa DC. (Mimosaceae) is an African medicinal plant, traditionally used by plants practitioners in Benin to cure malaria, diarrhea and stomach ache. There is little ethnobotanical and almost no chemical information available for this species. Eight extracts from the entire plant of Schrankia leptocarpa were prepared using diethyl ether, acetone, cyclohexane, methylene chloride,...
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