System dynamics approach in analyzing impact of demographic and salary risks on pension expenditure
Hasimah Sapiri1, Anton Abdulbasah Kamil2*, Razman Mat Tahar3 and Hanafi Tumin4
1College of Arts and Sciences, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Sintok, Kedah, Malaysia.
2Department of Mathematics, School of Distance Education, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
3Department of Technology Management, Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering and Technology Department, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.
4Department of Actuarial Science, Faculty of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Teknologi Mara, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
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