African Journal of
Environmental Science and Technology

  • Abbreviation: Afr. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.
  • Language: English
  • ISSN: 1996-0786
  • DOI: 10.5897/AJEST
  • Start Year: 2007
  • Published Articles: 1126

Full Length Research Paper

Evaluating the rate of total electron content (TEC) production in ionosphere F2-layer to highlight winter anomaly by running thermosphere-Ionosphere-electrodynamics general circulation model

Emmanuel Nanéma
  • Emmanuel Nanéma
  • Institut de Recherche en Sciences Appliquées et Technologies (IRSAT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST), 03 BP 7047 Ouagadougou 03, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
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Moustapha Konaté
  • Moustapha Konaté
  • Centre Universitaire de Gaoua, Université Nazi BONI, 01 BP 1091 Bobo-Dioulasso 01, Burkina Faso.
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Christian Zoundi
  • Christian Zoundi
  • Laboratoire de Recherche en Météorologie de l’Espace (LAREME), Université Norbert ZONGO, Koudougou, Burkina Faso.
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Amadou Ousseini Kotia
  • Amadou Ousseini Kotia
  • Laboratoire de Recherche en Météorologie de l’Espace (LAREME), Université Norbert ZONGO, Koudougou, Burkina Faso.
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Jean Louis Zerbo
  • Jean Louis Zerbo
  • UFR/ST, Université Nazi Boni, 01 BP 1091 Bobo-Dioulasso 01, Burkina Faso.
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Frédéric Ouattara
  • Frédéric Ouattara
  • Laboratoire de Recherche en Météorologie de l’Espace (LAREME), Université Norbert ZONGO, Koudougou, Burkina Faso.
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  •  Received: 21 July 2021
  •  Accepted: 10 September 2021
  •  Published: 30 September 2021

Abstract

The study deals with determining ionosphere parameter at low latitudes during the maximum of solar cycle 22 on quiet days. It uses Thermosphere-Ionosphere-Electrodynamics General Circulation Model (TIEGCM) to carry out Total Electron Content (TEC) parameter in the ionosphere region. TEC time variability on summer and winter highlights a seasonal anomaly, a phenomenon observed since 1965 and which appears while radiations coming from the sun are more intensive in summer than in winter under low latitudes. A mathematical approach integrating the time values of TEC parameter is developed to calculate TEC total value during all the season. The study shows that the seasonal anomaly phenomenon is not observed at every time between summer and winter. Comparison of the rate of electrons production matches with solar radiation intensity between summer and winter during a short period. Apparition of winter anomaly phenomenon shows that ultraviolet and X-rays emitted from the Sun are not the only causes of ionization of particles in ionosphere. Other chemical or physical phenomena also contribute to enhance the concentration of electrons in the atmosphere. The estimation of the rate of TEC production in ionosphere F2-layer enables a comparison of summer and winter behavior in ionosphere layer. The study offers a good knowledge of winter anomaly phenomenon.

 

Key words: Total electron content, thermosphere-ionosphere-electrodynamics general circulation model, winter anomaly, maximum of solar cycle, quiet day.