African Journal of
Food Science

  • Abbreviation: Afr. J. Food Sci.
  • Language: English
  • ISSN: 1996-0794
  • DOI: 10.5897/AJFS
  • Start Year: 2007
  • Published Articles: 978

Full Length Research Paper

Evaluation of aflatoxin B1 contamination of peanut butter in The Gambia

Ebrima A. A. Jallow
  • Ebrima A. A. Jallow
  • National Agricultural Research Institute (NARI), The Gambia.
  • Google Scholar
Ousman M. Jarju
  • Ousman M. Jarju
  • National Agricultural Research Institute (NARI), The Gambia.
  • Google Scholar
Oladele Oyelakin
  • Oladele Oyelakin
  • Division of Physical and Natural Sciences, School of Arts & Sciences, University of The Gambia, The Gambia.
  • Google Scholar
Demba B. Jallow
  • Demba B. Jallow
  • National Agricultural Research Institute (NARI), The Gambia.
  • Google Scholar
Badou Mendy
  • Badou Mendy
  • Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Bonn, INRES - Molecular Phytomedicine, Bonn, Germany.
  • Google Scholar


  •  Received: 08 December 2020
  •  Accepted: 13 October 2021
  •  Published: 31 December 2021

References

Azer M, Cooper C (1991). Determination of aflatoxins in foods using hplc and a commercial elisa system. Journal of Food Protection 54(4):291-294.
Crossref

 

Bah E, Parkin DM, Hall AJ, Jack AD, Whittle H (2001). Cancer in The Gambia: 1988-97. Britain Journal of Cancer 84(9):1207-1214.
Crossref

 

Barberis CL, Dalcero AM, Magnoli CE (2012). Evaluation of aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A in interacting mixed cultures of Aspergillus sections Flavi and Nigri on peanut grains. Mycotoxin Research 2012.
Crossref

 

Bennett JW, Klich M (2003). Mycotoxins. Clinical Microbiology Reviews 16(3):497-516.
Crossref

 

Carvajal M, Rojo F, Mendez I, Bolanos A (2003). Aflatoxin B1 and its interconverting metabolite aflatoxicol in milk: the situation in Mexico. Food Additives and Contaminants 20(11):1077-1086.
Crossref

 

Codex Alimentarius Commission (2001). Report of the 33rd session ofthe Codex Committee on Food Additives and Contaminants. Codex Alimentarius Commission, Joint FAO/WHO Food Standards Pro-gramme,Rome.

 

Eaton DL, Groopman JD (2013). The toxicology of aflatoxins: human health, veterinary, and agricultural significance. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, USA.

 

Elzupir AO, Salih AOA, Suliman SA, Adam AA, and Elhussein AM (2011). Aflatoxins in peanut butter in Khartoum State, Sudan. Mycotoxin research 27(3):183-186.
Crossref

 

European Union, EU (2010). Commission Regulation (EC) No 165/2010of 26 February 2010, amending Regulation (EC) No 1881/2006 setting maximum levels for certain contaminants in foodstuffs asregards aflatoxins. Official Journal of the European Union L 50:8-12.

 

Fishman SM, Christian P, West KP (2000). The Role of Vitamins in the Prevention and Control of Anemia. Public Health Nutrition 3(2):125-150.
Crossref

 

Food and Nutrition Board (2002). Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrates, Fiber, Fat, Protein and Amino Acids (Macronutrients). The National Academy Press, Washington,

 

Gambia Aflatoxin Control (2015). Strengthening aflatoxin control in the Gambia: Policy Recommendations.

View

 

Giryn H, Szteke (1995). Estimation of Alternaria mycotoxins in some raw or processed fruit and vegetables. Roczniki Pa?stwowego Zak?adu Higieny 46:129-133.

 

Gong YY, Cardwell K, Hounsa A, Egal S, Turner PC, Hall AJ, Wild CP, (2002). Dietary aflatoxin exposure and impaired growth in young children from Benin and Togo: Cross sectional study. British Medical Journal 325(7354):20-21.
Crossref

 

Government of The Gambia (GOTG) (2020). Third National Communication under the UNFCCC. Ministry of Environment, Climate Change and Natural Resources (MECCNAR), Banjul 75 p.

 

Griel AE, Eissenstat B, Juturu V, Hsieh G, Kris-Etherton PM (2004). Improved diet quality with peanut consumption. Journal of the American College of Nutrition 23(6):660-668.
Crossref

 

Groopman JD, Kensler TW, Wild CP (2008). Protective interventions to prevent aflatoxin-induced carcinogenesis in developing countries. Annual Review Public Health 29:187-203.
Crossref

 

Henry SH, Bosch FX, Troxell TC, Bolger PM (1999). Reducing liver cancer - global control of aflatoxin. Science 286(5449):2453-2454.
Crossref

 

Horn BW (2005). Ecology and population biology of aflatoxigenic fungi in soil. In: Aflatoxin and Food Safety Edited by: Abbas HK. Boca Raton, CRC Taylor and Francis 95-116.
Crossref

 

Hu FB, Stampfer MJ, Manson JAE, Rimm EB, Colditz GA, Rosner BA, Speizer FE, Hennekens CH, Willett WC (1998). Frequent nut consumption and risk of coronary heart disease in woman: prospective cohort study. British Medical Journal 317(7169):1341-1345.
Crossref

 

Hu FB, Stampfer MJ (1999). Nut consumption and risk of coronary heart disease: a review of epidemiologic evidence. Current Atherosclerosis Reports 1(3):204-209.
Crossref

 

Jallow E AA, Jarju OM, Mendy B, Dumevi R, Mendy W, Cham K, (2019). The trend of aflatoxin contamination level in groundnuts from 2008-2018 in The Gambia, London Journal Press 19(8), Compilation 1.0.

 

Jallow EA, Twumasi P, Mills-Robertson FC, Dumevi R (2018). Assessment of aflatoxin-producing fungi strains and contamination levels of aflatoxin B1 in groundnut, maize, beans and rice. Journal of Agricultural Science and Food Technology 4(4):71-79.

 

Jennette H (2005). The potential role of peanuts in the prevention of obesity. Nutrition and Food Science 35(5):353-358.
Crossref

 

Jiang R, Manson JE, Stampfer MJ, Liu S, Willett WC, Hu B (2002). A prospective study of nut consumption and risk of type II diabetes in women. Journal of the American Medical Association 288(20):2554-2560.
Crossref

 

Johnston CS (2005). Strategies for healthy weight loss: from vitamin C to the glycemicresponse. Journal of the American College of Nutrition 24(3):158-165.
Crossref

 

Joseph Ndenn, Iris Consulting (2018). The economic impact of aflatoxins in West Africa: the case of Gambia, Nigeria and Senegal.

View

 

Kelly JH Jr, Sabaté J (2006). Nuts and coronary heart disease: an epidemiological perspective. British Journal of Nutrition 96(2):S61-S67.
Crossref

 

Kirk GD, Bah E, Montesano R (2006). Molecular epidemiology of human liver cancer: insights into etiology, pathogenesis and prevention from The Gambia, West Africa. Carcinogenesis 27(10):2070-2082.
Crossref

 

Kirk GD, Lesi OA, Mendy M (2004). The Gambia liver cancer study: infection with hepatitis B and C and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in West Africa. Hepatology 39(1):211-219.
Crossref

 

Koirala P, Kumar S, Yadav KB, Premarajan KC (2005). Occurrence of aflatoxin in some of the food and feed in Nepal. Indian Journal of Medical Science 59(8):331-336.
Crossref

 

Lee SS, Kim MB, Chun JC, Cheong YK, and Lee J (2004). Analysis of trans-resveratrol in peanuts and peanut butters consumed in Korea. Journal of Food Research International 37(3):247-251.
Crossref

 

Leszczynska J, Kucharska U, Zegota H (2000). Aflatoxins in nuts assayed by immunological methods. European Food Research and Technology 210(3):213-215.
Crossref

 

McKean C, Tang L, Tang M, Billam, M, Wang Z, Theodorakis CW, (2006). Comparative acute and combinative toxicity of aflatoxin B1 and fumonisin B1 in animals and human cells. Food and Chemical Toxicology 44(6):868-876.
Crossref

 

Miningou A, Traore SA, Kabre B, Konate SALM (2021). Assessment of sixteen varieties of groundnut in two agro-ecological zones in Burkina Faso for yield and tolerance to aflatoxin. African Journal of Agricultural Research 17(1):66-78.
Crossref

 

Mohammadi H (2011). A review of aflatoxin M1, milk, and milk products. In Guevara-Gonzalez, R.G. (ed.) Aflatoxins - biochemistry and molecular biology. INTECH Open Access Publisher, Rijeka, Croatia pp. 397-414.
Crossref

 

Mupunga I, lebelo SL, Mngqawa P, Rheeder JP, Katerere DR (2014). Natural occurrence of aflatoxins in peanuts and peanut butter from Bulawayo, Zimbabwe. Journal of Food Protection 77(10):1814-1818.
Crossref

 

Nakai VK, Rocha LO, Goncalez E, Fonseca H, Ortega EMM, Correa B (2008). Distribution of fungi and aflatoxins in a stored peanut variety. Food Chemistry 106(1):285e290.
Crossref

 

Nallathambi P, Umamaheshwari C (2009). Detection of aflatoxins in pomegranate arils infected by Aspergillus species Indian Phytopathtology 62(2):178-182.

 

Oladele D (2014). The effects of aflatoxins on animals, "Partnership for Aflatoxin Control in Africa" (Meridian Institute, Washington, DC), Aflatoxin Partnership Newsletter, Vol. II (Accessed, February 2014), 4.

 

Ozay G, Alperden I (1989). Mycotoxins in Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) grown in Turkey. G?da 14(5):267-273

 

PACA (2018d). Country-led Aflatoxin and Food Safety Situation Analysis and Action Planning for The Gambia: Final Report, Partnership for Aflatoxin Control in Africa, African Union Commission.

 

Peanut Institute (2012). Peanut products: peanut butter.

View

 

Sabate J (2003). Nut consumption and body weight. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 78(3 Suppl):647S-650S.
Crossref

 

Sanghvi T, Murray J (1997). "Improving Child Health through Nutrition; The Nutrition 1 Minimum Package".

 

Schroder H, Marrugat J, Vila J, Covas MI, Elosua R (2004). Adherence to the traditional mediterranean diet is inversely associated with body mass index and obesity in a Spanish population. Journal of Nutrition 134(12):3355-3361.
Crossref

 

Settaluri VS, Kandala CVK, Puppala N, Sundaram J (2012). Peanuts and their nutritional aspects-a review. Food Nutrition Science 3(12):1644-1650.
Crossref

 

Siwela AH, Mukaro KJ, Nziramasanga N (2011). Aflatoxin carryover during large scale peanut butter production. Food Nutrition Science 2:105-108.
Crossref

 

Talcott ST, Passeretti S, Duncan CE, Gorbet DW (2005). Polyphenolic content and sensory properties of normal and high oleic acid peanuts. Journal of Food Chemistry 90(3):379-388.
Crossref

 

The Dr (2013).

View

 

Tsai CJ, Leitzmann MF, Hu FB, Willett WC, Giovannucci EL (2004). Frequent nut consumption and decreased risk of cholecystectomy in women. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 80(1):76-81.
Crossref

 

Turner PC, Mendy M, White H, Fortuin M, Hall AJ, Wild CP (2000). Hepatitis B infection and aflatoxin biomarker levels in Gambian children. Tropical Medicine and International Health 5(12):837-841
Crossref

 

Turner PC, Moore SE, Hall AJ, Prentice AM, Wild CP (2003). Modification of immune function through exposure to dietary aflatoxin in Gambian children. Environmental Health Perspectives 111(2):217-221.
Crossref

 

USDA (2011). National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 24.

 

Williams JH, Phillips TD, Jolly PE, Stiles JK, Jolly CM, Aggarwal D (2004). Human aflatoxicosis in developing countries: A review of toxicology, exposure, potential health consequences, and interventions. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 80(5):1106-1122.
Crossref

 

Ying-Chun C, Chia-Ding L, Hsu-Yang L, Lih-Ching C, Daniel Yang-Chih S (2013). Survey of aflatoxin contamination in peanut products in Taiwan from 1997 to 2011. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis 21(3):247-252
Crossref