African Journal of
Microbiology Research

  • Abbreviation: Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.
  • Language: English
  • ISSN: 1996-0808
  • DOI: 10.5897/AJMR
  • Start Year: 2007
  • Published Articles: 5236

Review

Ruminal microorganism consideration and protein used in the metabolism of the ruminants: A review

Tiago Neves Pereira Valente
  • Tiago Neves Pereira Valente
  • Instituto Federal Goiano, Posse Campus /GO, Brazil.
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Erico da Silva Lima
  • Erico da Silva Lima
  • Master’s Degree Studies Program in Environmental Health at FMU, São Paulo/SP, Brazil.
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Wallacy Barbacena Rosa dos Santos
  • Wallacy Barbacena Rosa dos Santos
  • Instituto Federal Goiano, Morrinhos Campus /GO, Brazil.
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Andréia Santos Cesário
  • Andréia Santos Cesário
  • Instituto Federal Goiano, Morrinhos Campus /GO, Brazil.
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Cássio Jardim Tavares
  • Cássio Jardim Tavares
  • Instituto Federal Goiano, Posse Campus /GO, Brazil.
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Ítalo Lacerda Fernandes
  • Ítalo Lacerda Fernandes
  • Instituto Federal Goiano, Posse Campus /GO, Brazil.
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Marco Antônio Moreira de Freitas
  • Marco Antônio Moreira de Freitas
  • Instituto Federal Goiano, Posse Campus /GO, Brazil.
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  •  Received: 16 June 2015
  •  Accepted: 07 March 2016
  •  Published: 14 April 2016

Abstract

A great diversity of species of microorganisms are present in the rumen environmental with specific functions in the degradation of carbohydrates, protein and lipids. However, the knowledge of the interactions between the different species of microorganisms in the rumen ecosystem and their specific substrates were used to improve nutritional management and can increase production of meat or milk. A balanced nutritional management is very important. When inappropriate feedstuffs are used on diet formulation for cattle, there is a decrease in the growth of microorganisms in the rumen. And the availability of the use of protein synthesized in rumen for all metabolisms of the animal.

Key words: Microorganism growth, microbial protein, proteolysis.

Abbreviation

AA, Amino acids; ATP, adenosine triphosphate; CNE, non-structural carbohydrates; CP, crude protein; CH4, methane; DM, dry matter; GDH, glutamate dehydrogenase; GS, glutamine synthetase; HAB, hyper-ammonia-producing bacteria; N, nitrogen; NPN, non-protein nitrogen; PEP, peptides; RDP, protein degraded in the rumen; RUP, protein is not degraded in the rumen; VFA, volatile fatty acid.