African Journal of
Microbiology Research

  • Abbreviation: Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.
  • Language: English
  • ISSN: 1996-0808
  • DOI: 10.5897/AJMR
  • Start Year: 2007
  • Published Articles: 5233

Full Length Research Paper

Phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity of Solanum paniculatum Linn. against planktonic oral bacteria

Maria Regina Macêdo-Costa*
  • Maria Regina Macêdo-Costa*
  • Departamento de Odontologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Salgado Filho, 59056-000 - Natal, RN - Brazil
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Pedro Henrique Sette-de-Souza
  • Pedro Henrique Sette-de-Souza
  • Departamento de Odontologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Salgado Filho, 59056-000 - Natal, RN - Brazil
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Juliana Félix Silva
  • Juliana Félix Silva
  • Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Salgado Filho, 59056-000 - Natal, RN - Brazil
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Matheus de Freitas Fernandes-Pedrosa
  • Matheus de Freitas Fernandes-Pedrosa
  • Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Salgado Filho, 59056-000 - Natal, RN - Brazil
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Maria do Socorro Vieira Pereira
  • Maria do Socorro Vieira Pereira
  • Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Campus I, 58059-900 - João Pessoa, PB - Brazil
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Kenio Costa de Lima
  • Kenio Costa de Lima
  • Departamento de Odontologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Salgado Filho, 59056-000 - Natal, RN - Brazil
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  •  Accepted: 05 February 2014
  •  Published: 05 March 2014

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the phytochemical composition of a root extract of Solanum paniculatum Linn. (SPL), and to evaluate its in vitro antibacterial activity. The extract was characterized by phytochemical screening and thin-layer chromatography. The following oral bacteria were used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum inhibitory concentration of adherence (MICA) Streptococcus mitis (ATCC 903), Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25175), Streptococcus sanguinis (ATCC 15300), Streptococcus oralis (ATCC 10557), Streptococcus salivarius (ATCC 7073), and Lactobacillus casei (ATCC 9595). Each assay was carried out in duplicate and the positive control (0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate) was submitted to the same procedure. S. mutans was used for the evaluation of bactericidal kinetics. The results were analyzed by determining the number of colony-forming units (CFU/mL). The SPL extract presented MIC and MICA values of 7.81 and 62.5 mg/mL, respectively. The extract was bactericidal at a concentration of 500 mg/mL within 2 h and at the MIC within 4 h. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, sulfur compounds, gums and lactones, as well as a high content of phenols. In conclusion, SPL presented in vitrobacteriostatic, anti-adhesion and bactericidal activity. The strong presence of phenols may explain the pharmacological activity of this extract.

 

Key words: Solanum paniculatum, microbiology, phytotherapy, phenols.

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This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0

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