African Journal of
Microbiology Research

  • Abbreviation: Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.
  • Language: English
  • ISSN: 1996-0808
  • DOI: 10.5897/AJMR
  • Start Year: 2007
  • Published Articles: 5238

Full Length Research Paper

Antibiotics resistance patterns of Panton-Valentine leukocidin-positive methicillin-resistant staphylococci isolated from clinical samples in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire

Sylvie M. Kouamé-Sina
  • Sylvie M. Kouamé-Sina
  • Platform of Molecular Biology, Pasteur Institute, 01 BP 490 Abidjan 01, Côte d’Ivoire.
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N’Golo D. Coulibaly
  • N’Golo D. Coulibaly
  • Platform of Molecular Biology, Pasteur Institute, 01 BP 490 Abidjan 01, Côte d’Ivoire.
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Fernique Konan
  • Fernique Konan
  • National Reference Center for Antibiotics, Pasteur Institute, 01 BP 490 Abidjan 01, Côte d’Ivoire.
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Yakoura K. Ouattara
  • Yakoura K. Ouattara
  • Department of Food Science and Technology, Nangui Abrogoua University, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.
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Kan S. Kouassi
  • Kan S. Kouassi
  • Platform of Molecular Biology, Pasteur Institute, 01 BP 490 Abidjan 01, Côte d’Ivoire.
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Solange Ngazoa-Kakou
  • Solange Ngazoa-Kakou
  • Platform of Molecular Biology, Pasteur Institute, 01 BP 490 Abidjan 01, Côte d’Ivoire.
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Nathalie K. Guessennd
  • Nathalie K. Guessennd
  • National Reference Center for Antibiotics, Pasteur Institute, 01 BP 490 Abidjan 01, Côte d’Ivoire.
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Adjéhi Dadié
  • Adjéhi Dadié
  • Department of Food Science and Technology, Nangui Abrogoua University, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.
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  •  Received: 15 September 2018
  •  Accepted: 29 October 2018
  •  Published: 07 November 2018

Abstract

Methicillin-resistant staphylococci have emerged as significant pathogens which cause various infections and its multidrug resistance is a major concern. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) gene and antibiotic resistance patterns of staphylococci isolated from clinical infections in Abidjan. A total of 35 staphylococci strains was obtained from 35 clinical samples (pus, blood, pleural fluid, sputum, wound, and urine), then, characterized by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to differentiate S. aureus from coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) and to detect the presence of PVL genes (LukS). The antimicrobial susceptibility was performed using disk diffusion method and the phenotype of resistance to macrolides-lincosamides-streptogramin B (MLSB) was detected. Out of 35 strains, 80% (28/35) were methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and 20% (7/35) were methicillin-resistant CNS (MR-CNS). S. aureus were isolated from 75% of outpatient samples and 84.2% of inpatient samples. However, CNS were isolated from 25% of outpatient samples and 15.8% of inpatient samples. LukS were detected in 68.6% of strains (20 MRSA and 4 MR-CNS) and both inpatients and outpatients. The highest resistance rates were observed for penicillin (100%), cefoxitin (100%), ciprofloxacin (66%), tobramycin (66%), tetracyclin (66%), sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim (63%), erythromycin (60%), kanamycin (57%) and gentamicin (54%). In addition, S. aureus strains were subdivided into five antibiotics resistance phenotypes: 57.1% belonged to phenotype 1 (Methicillin-resistant and susceptible to Kanamycin-Tobramycin-Gentamicin) followed by 25% of phenotype 4 (Resistant to Methicillin-Kanamycin-Tobramycin-Gentamicin), 7.1% of phenotype 2 (MR with constitutive MLSB), 7.1% of phenotype 5 (MR and resistant to Kanamycin-Tobramycin-Gentamicin with inducible MLSB) and 3.6% of phenotype 3 (MR with inducible MLSB). CNS strains were grouped in three phenotypes (1, 4 and 5). 100% of LukS positive MRSA were multi-drug resistant, with 45% of strains resistant to 6 or more antibiotics. The high level of multi-drug resistance of clinical PVL positive staphylococci with inducible MLSB, suggest increasing the monitoring of these pathogens in Côte d’Ivoire.

 

Key words: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Panton-Valentine Leukocidin, inducible MLSB, multi-drug resistance.

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This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0

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