May 2014
Anti-Leishmania spp. antibodies in stray dogs housed in a private shelter in the Northwest Region of Parana State, Brazil
The aim of this study was to detect anti-Leishmania spp. antibodies in stray dogs housed in a private shelter in the city of Umuarama, Paraná, Brazil. This study included serum samples from all stray and asymptomatic dogs housed in a private shelter in the period between March and May 2011. In order to detect anti-Leishmania spp. antibodies, indirect immunofluorescence assay was performed using blades containing...
May 2014
In vitro evaluation of some fungicides and bioagents against common bean anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum Sacc. & Magnus) Briosi & Cavara
Bean anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (Sacc. & Magnus) Briosi & Cavara is one of the most devastating seed-borne diseases of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Ethiopia. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the antifungal activities of bioagents and fungicides which can be used to control bean anthracnose. Three fungicides viz., Mancozeb, Folpan and Mancolaxyl, and three...
May 2014
Amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis and repetitive element polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction (rep-PCR) DNA fingerprinting of members of Frankia genus
Slow growing actinobacteria of the genus Frankia are best known for their nitrogen-fixing mutualism with dicotyledonous host plants called actinorhizal plants. Twenty nine (29) strains obtained from diverse host plants and geographic area, have been studied based on amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA) and repetitive element polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction (rep-PCR) DNA fingerprinting...
May 2014
Biological activities of secondary metabolites from Emericella nidulans EGCU 312
The fungus, Emericella nidulans was isolated from soil. The ITS region of 5.8S rRNA of the isolated fungus was amplified and sequenced. E. nidulans EGCU312 was given an accession number: KC511056 in the NCBI GenBank. Twenty one (21) fractions were obtained from the ethyl acetate extract of fungal filtrate. Fraction no. 12 showed the highest antioxidant activity with 81.54% at 200 µg/ml. High anticancer activities...
May 2014
Evaluation of wild Cicer species accessions for resistance to three pathotypes of Ascochyta rabiei (Pass.) Labr. in Algeria
Twenty-five (25) genotypes of five wild Cicer species (Cicer judaicum, Cicer bijugum, Cicer cuneatum, Cicer echinospermum and Cicer reticulatum) were screened for resistance to ascochyta blight disease caused by Ascochyta rabiei, by artificially inoculating the germplasm under glasshouse. Highly significant effect (P<0.01) was observed on their reaction to three pathotypes of A. rabiei (Mos02 ‘pathotype III:...
May 2014
Biotechnological potential of Candida spp. for the bioconversion of D-xylose to xylitol
In the present study, 28 yeast isolates were obtained from sugarcane filter cake material collected across several ethanol industrial areas located in the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil. First, isolates were taxonomically affiliated by sequencing and analysis of the D1/D2 region of the 26S rRNA gene as Candida tropicalis (24 isolates) and Candida rugosa (four isolates). Second, five phylogenetically distant isolates were...
May 2014
Probiotic attributes of a yeast-like fungus, Geotrichum klebahnii
Geotrichum klebahnii, a filamentous yeast-like fungus, was isolated from a cheese sample. Several in vitro tests were carried out for its probiotic characterization. This isolate showed high survival rate of 100 ± 1.8% at low pH (pH 2) and 100 ± 0.9% at high oxbile concentration (1%) and also grew well at 37°C. It showed an auto-aggregation ability of 100.00 ± 1.5% after 20 h of incubation at...
May 2014
Prevalence of antibiotic resistant Salmonella isolates, Entermoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia in Harar, Eastern Ethiopia
The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence and to track associated risk facters of antibiotic resistant Salmonella, Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia in Harar, Easthen Ethiopia. A total of 384 stool samples were collected from Harar Hiwot-Fana Hospital and analyzed in Harari Regional Laboratory. The results of the study show that 96 (25%), 80 (20.6%) and 56 (14.6%) of the samples were positive...
May 2014
Production and purification of polyclonal antibodies against 34 kDa protein (P34) of Mycobacterium avium subsp. Paratuberculosis
Paratuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), is a chronic enteritis in ruminants. Among molecular components of MAP, protein P34 was identified as specific and immunodominant. Here, we describe the production of polyclonal antibodies with defined specificity for P34. Polyclonal antibodies were generated from New Zealand white rabbit. Animals were immunized at a certain time period with...
May 2014
Muntingia calabura botanical formulation for enhanced disease resistance in tomato plants against Alternaria solani
The present study successfully demonstrate the inhibitory activity of the medicinal plant, Muntingia calabura against Alternaria solani which causes early blight of tomato and proposes the development of a new botanical formulation (Muntingin 5EC) and its use in plant disease management after package and practice. This ecofriendly botanical formulation was developed from the purified antimicrobial metabolite...
May 2014
Nodulation efficacy of Bradyrhizobium japonicum inoculant strain WB74 on soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) is affected by several limiting factors
Lack of indigenous soil rhizobia that colonize and nodulate soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) roots is a common problem of South African soils. Bradyrhizobium japonicum strain WB74 has long been used as an effective commercial inoculant strain for soybean since its introduction in 1998. This paper investigates the major limiting factors involved in the nodulation efficiency of B. japonicum WB74 that affect soybean growth...
May 2014
Antioxidative response of the fungal plant pathogen Guignardia citricarpa to antimicrobial volatile organic compounds
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain CR-1 are able to inhibit the development of the fungal phytopathogen Guignardia citricarpa, causal agent of the disease citrus black spot. Antimicrobial VOCs have potential applications to control plant pathogens; however, there is limited information on the action mechanisms. It is possible that VOCs trigger the accumulation of...
May 2014
Faecal lactobacilli from common pheasants and their characterization
Common pheasants have been most often breeded for sport hunting and for culinary meat. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are a part of the obligate intestinal microflora. They play important role in the development of the immune system. Concerning the common pheasants, only limited information exists in relation with LAB. The aim of our work was to study faecal lactobacilli isolated of 60 common pheasants (farm in west...
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