Full Length Research Paper
Abstract
Bacterial infection cause delayed wound healing, and the rising cases of antibiotic resistance call for alternative solutions. This research aims to determine and compare the antibacterial activity of selected research plants when extracted by different methods using different solvents. The plants were extracted with ethanol, methanol, acetone, water, chloroform, and ethyl acetate using Soxhlet and maceration extraction. Agar well diffusion and resazurin dye reduction method were used to determine the antibacterial activity of the extracts against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), S. aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Agar well diffusion results showed that water, ethyl acetate (Soxhlet), and 100% ethanol (macerated) extracts for all 3 plants inhibited a broad spectrum of bacteria. MIC results showed that ethanol and 70% ethanol (macerated) extracts of Hoslundia opposita had the lowest MIC (1.95 mg/ml) against S. aureus. The ethanol extract of H. opposita Vahl showed the lowest MIC against MRSA. Water, ethanol, 100% ethyl acetate (macerated) and 70% ethanol (macerated) extracts of Ageratum conyzoides showed the lowest MIC against E. faecalis. Ethyl acetate extract of A. conyzoides showed the lowest MIC against E. coli. 100% methanol (macerated) extract of H. opposita showed the lowest MICs against K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa, respectively; All plants showed better antibacterial activity on gram positive than gram negative bacteria. The methanol extract of H. opposita showed better activity than the rest of the extracts.
Key words: Ageratum conyzoides L., antibacterial activity, Bidens pilosa L., Hoslundia opposita Vahl, wound healing.
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