December 2011
Addressing tuberculosis management in context of default and side effects associated with anti tuberculosis drugs: A case report from Malaysia
A 22 year hotel waitress with history of productive cough was registered as sputum smear confirmed case of pulmonary tuberculosis. Time delay between onset of symptoms and start of treatment was two months. During the first month of treatment, patient suffered from itchiness and skin rashes associated with anti tuberculosis drugs, which were treated with chlorpheniramine (oral; 4 mg), citrizine (oral; 5 mg) and...
December 2011
Involvement of CYP450 system in hepatoprotective activity of Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI)-produced virgin coconut oils
The present study aims to determine the role of cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzyme system in hepatoprotective activity of virgin coconut oils produced by Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI). Paracetamol (PCM)-induced hepatotoxic rat was used as a model. Liver injury induced by 3 g/kg PCM increased the liver weight and liver enzymes (e.g. alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST)...
December 2011
Classification and biochemical biodiversity of twenty silkworm varieties based on total cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, total lipase and lipids
This experiment was conducted in order to classify and determine the biochemical biodiversityof twenty silkworm based on total cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, total lipase and lipids. Twenty studied varieties were reared under standards protocols in all rearing steps. Scientific technology of silkworm rearing was followed...
December 2011
Service learning in pharmacy: Opportunities for student learning and service delivery
High patient load and understaffing in public health care facilities preclude the provision of optimal pharmaceutical services in South Africa. A Service Learning in Pharmacy (SLIP) programme for the University of the Western Cape’s final year pharmacy students was implemented in health care facilities to assist in service provision. Students rotated between a pharmacotherapy (patient-oriented) and pharmaceutical...
December 2011
The traditional Chinese medicine Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Tang inhibits hypoxia-induced neuronal apoptosis
Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Tang (HLJDT) has been used clinically for cerebral ischemia therapeutics. Here, we aimed to demonstrate whether and how HLJDT regulates neuronal apoptosis under hypoxia/ischemia. Apoptosis analysis was performed in vitro in PC12 cells with flow cytometry and in vivo in MCAO rats using TUNEL staining. The levels of caspase 9, caspase 3, Bcl-2, Bax and HIF-1α were demonstrated...
December 2011
Drug-drug interaction between ciprofloxacin and diclofenac ophthalmic drops at ocular level
In present times, there has been interest in multi-drug combinations for treatment of ocular infections, which are more commonly antibiotics and analgesics. Ciprofloxacin and diclofenac sodium were used concomitantly and pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions between them were studied. To investigate disposition kinetics of ciprofloxacin eye drops (0.3%) alone and with co-administration of diclofenac sodium eye drops...
December 2011
Study on the reaction products of hypaconitine in methanol and water using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry
To identify the products of hypaconitine in water and methanol, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) method is used to trigger a full scan product ion experiment for confirmation. Six hydrolysates were detected, and their pseudo-molecules are 470, 556, 574, 484, 452 and 588, respectively, indicating hypaconine, pyrhypaconitine, benzoylhypaconine, 8-methoxyl-hypaconine, dehydration hypaconine and...
December 2011
Coupled Cyclo hexa peptide nano ring system drug carriers; study the stability and electrical field
To design self-assembly nanocarrier to maintain a particular biological function is the main goal of bionanobiology. Biodegradable and biocompatible materials are more preferred to prevent the polymer remaining in the body, in the preparation of particles for drug delivery purpose. An advantage of particles that are produced based on proteins is that, not only they are safe in biological purposes, but also they contain...
December 2011
Use of progesterone in treatment of early pregnancy for threatened abortion: A potential cause for infantile hemangioma in newborns
Although, progesterone has been used for many years in women with threatened abortion; no controlled epidemiological studies of perinatal outcomes in pregnant women with progesterone treatment have been published yet. However, several case reports show a close relationship between progesterone and the development of infantile hemangioma. A surprising high percentage (approximately 70%) of mothers of infants with...
December 2011
Protective effects of transplanted bone marrow mononuclearcells (BMMNCs) in organ damage caused due tostreptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes
Diabetes is a rapidly growing health problem; however, there is currently no effective therapy for diabetes. We know that prolonged diabetes leads to damage of various organs apart from pancreas such as kidney and liver, and the role of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) is not clearly understood in regeneration of these organs. In this study, we transplanted...
December 2011
Dual effect of Taraxacum officinale leaves: Anticholinergic and inhibitory effect on inflammatory cells in ovalbumin-sensitized guinea-pigs
Bronchospasm is an important characteristic of allergen-induced airway inflammation.Taraxacum officinale herb is believed to have several therapeutic effects including anti-inflammatory properties. The anticholinergic effect of the T. officinale leaves extract (TOLE) was determined in ovalbumin (OA)-sensitized guinea-pig trachea. The test drugs (TOLE or prednisolone) were administered orally 1 h...
December 2011
Hypoglycaemic and hypolipidemic effects of pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) on alloxan-induced diabetic rats
This study was aimed to evaluate the hypoglycaemic and hypolipidemic effects of different doses of pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) powder in male diabetic rats. A total of 35 rats were randomized into 5 groups of 7 each as follows: Group 1: Normal control; Group 2: Diabetic control; Group 3: Diabetics administered with low doses of pumpkin powder (1 g/kg); Group 4: Diabetics administered with high doses...
December 2011
Phytopharmacological assessment of medicinal properties of Psoralea corylifolia
Psoralea corylifolia (Leguminosae) is traditionally used for the treatment of skin conditions, fever and as anthelmintic. The aim of present study was to standardize the crude extract of P. corylifolia and determine its pharmacological activities. The crude extract of P. corylifolia was standardized by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), Fourier transform infra red (FT-IR), Fourier...
December 2011
Protective effects of Launaea procumbens against KBrO3-induced hepatic serum marker enzymes
Launaea procumbens (LP) traditionally has been used in hepatic disorders. In this study, protective effects of methanol extract (LP) were evaluated in male Sprague Dawley rats biweekly for 4 weeks against KBrO3. KBrO3 induced elevation of liver serum marker enzymes (alanine transaminase (ALT), amino transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)) as well as the...
December 2011
Comparison between S-ketamine and clonidine in caudal analgesia
We aimed to compare the analgesic efficacy of the caudal administration of a combination of preservative free S-ketamine or clonidine with bupivacaine in children. The study included 51 children aged between 3 and 8 years old and physical status between I and II according to: American Society of Anesthesiologist. They were randomly divided into three groups: Group B - bupivacaine 0.25%, 0.75 ml/kg without adrenaline;...
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