December 2011
Flavonoids and phenolic acids: Role and biochemical activity in plants and human
Flavonoids and phenolic acids make up one of the most pervasive groups of plant phenolics. Due to their importance in plants and human health, it would be useful to have a better understanding of flavonoid concentration and biological activities that could indicate their potentials as therapeutic agents, and also for predicting and controlling the quality of medicinal herbs. Plants and herbs consumed by humans may...
December 2011
Efficiency of ethanol extract of Moringa oleifera lam leaves for the treatment of Staphylococcus aureus infections in chicks
The efficiency of ethanol’s extract of Moringa oleifera was evaluated in Staphylococcus aureus infection on Harco chicks. For this, 150 Harco chicks divided in 5 lots were used: A negative control (not inoculated and not treated); 0.5 g/L; 1.5 g/L of M. oleifera; 0.5 g/L of Flumequine®50 and a positive control (inoculated but not treated). The test of c2 was used for the...
December 2011
Activity of saponin fraction of Anisopus mannii against some pathogenic microorganisms
Partially purified saponin fraction was obtained from column chromatography of crude saponin precipitate of the aerial part of Anisopus mannii, and subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility study against pathogenic microorganisms using the disc diffusion technique. The result of the antimicrobial activity indicated by zone of inhibition of growth ranged from 13.0 to 22.2 mm. The fraction was more potent...
December 2011
Free radical scavenging and antibacterial activities of Malaysian guttiferae plants
Guttiferae family is well known to have wide range of biological activities. The family is distributed throughout Malaysia, especially the genus of Calophyllum and Garcinia. Some of the species shows interesting bioactivity, such as Calophyllum lanigerum found in Borneo exhibited anti- human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) properties. The study was conducted to determine the...
December 2011
Effects of physiological stage and solvent on polyphenol composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Limonium densiflorum
Halophyte ability to withstand salt-triggered oxidative stress is governed by the synthesis of power antioxidant enzymes and substances. This might explain the utilization of some halophytes as traditional medicinal plants such as Limonium genus. In the present study ten extracts were used to examine the effects of solvent and physiological development stage on tissue phenolic contents, antioxidant and...
December 2011
Ocotillol-type derivatives (II) synthesis and protective effects on cultured anoxia/reoxygen injury myocardiocytes
The ocotillol-type derivatives (3β, 12β)-12, 25-dihydroxy-20S, 24R-epoxy-dammar-24-en-3-yl-2-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranoside and (3β, 6α, 12β)-3, 12, 25- trihydroxy- 20S, 24R- epoxy- dammar-24-en-6-yl-2-O-[6-deoxy-α-L-mannopyranosyl]-β-D-glucopyranoside (3a and b) had been designed and synthesized from 20 (S)-Rg3 and 20 (S)-Rg2 which structures were confirmed...
December 2011
Phytochemical profile and evaluation of insecticidal efficacy of Calotropis procera against defoliators
Calotropis procera belonging to family Asclepiadaceae, is one of the important medicinal plants that is being used since years to treat many ailments. It is used either alone or with other medicines to treat common diseases such as fever, rheumatism, indigestion, cough, cold, eczema, asthma, elephantiasis, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. According to ayurveda, dried whole plant is a good tonic, expectorant,...
December 2011
Development of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to study diversity in the herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora)
The herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) is a well-known herbaceous flowering plant that yields high medicinal and economic value in Korea and China. In this study, 14 novel polymorphic microsatellite markers were developed and characterized through the construction of a simple sequence repeat (SSR)-enriched library from genomic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of P. lactiflora. In total, 103 alleles across...
December 2011
In vitro rapid multiplication of a highly valuable medicinal plant Naringi crenulata (Roxb.) Nicolson
An efficient plant regeneration system has been developed from nodal segments of Naringi crenulata (Roxb.) Nicolson used as a medicinal plant. Nodal segments, after being sterilized with 0.1% mercuric chloride were inoculated in Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium with varied concentrations of BAP, Kn and their combinations. Different parameters including frequency, number of shoots per explant, length of...
December 2011
Effects of plant growth regulators and temperature on seed germination of yellow nut-sedge (Cyperus esculentus L.)
Effects of temperature, concentrations of plant growth regulators on germination of yellow nut-sedge seeds was studied under controlled environmental conditions. Yellow nut-sedge seeds were placed in Petri dishes with filtration papers and the germination and radical development followed during eleven days periods. Germination development of radical length was significantly influenced by both light and temperature....
December 2011
Cytotoxic activities of some selected medicinal plants of the genus Euphorbia
The present study was undertaken to evaluate the cytotoxic activities of extracts ofEuphorbia genus plants, Euphorbia fischeriana, Euphorbia tirucalli, Euphorbia humifusa and Euphorbia antiquorum. The plant selection was based on ethnobotanic information and interviews with local healers. Cytotoxic activities were screened by an in vitro assay system of growth inhibition against two human cancer cell...
December 2011
Antibacterial and antimutagenic activity of extracts aboveground parts of three Solidago species: Solidago virgaurea L., Solidago canadensis L. and Solidago gigantea Ait.
Hexane and ethanolic extracts obtained from aboveground parts of three Solidago species (Solidago virgaurea L., Solidago canadensis L. and Solidago gigantea Ait.) were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Thirty nine and forty nine volatile compounds were detected, respectively in ethanolic and hexane extracts of S. virgaurea, sixty two and forty six...
December 2011
Phytochemical screening and in vitro antifungal activities of extracts of leaves of Morinda morindoides (Morinda, Rubiaceae)
The aim of the present study was to compare antifungal activity of various extracts (aqueous, ethanol, ethyl acetate and hexane extracts) of Morinda morindoides (Baker) Milne-Redh (Rubiaceae) and investigate their phytochemical screening in order to determine which components give potency to the extract that show highest antifungal activity. M. morindoidesleaves were extracted in water (Etaq), ethanol...
December 2011
Putative medicinal properties of plants from the Kavango region, Namibia
Namibia has over 4,334 different plant taxa. Although, some of these plants may potentially be used as herbal medicines, there is limited knowledge about their efficacy and safety. This is partly due to the fact that screening of plants for pharmacological activity and characterization of their active chemical compounds is expensive. In order to circumscribe this problem, this paper presents data on the putative...
December 2011
Protective effect of far-infrared treated rice hull extract on lipid peroxidation in phospholipid bilayer
The protective effect of methanolic extract of far-infrared treated rice hull (FRH) on phospholipid peroxidation of liposome was compared with that of natural antioxidants (ascorbic acid, morin, quercetin and α-tocopherol). With induction of phopholipid peroxidation by 2,2’-azobis (2-amidinopropane), dihydrochloride (a water-soluble radical generator), 2,2’-azobis (2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile)...
December 2011
Antioxidant activities, a-glucosidase inhibitory effect in vitro and antihyperglycemic of Trapa acornis shell in alloxan-induced diabetic rats
Activity of Trapa acornis shell (TAS), including antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, was assayed in vitro. Extracts of ethyl acetate (EtOAC) (TASEA) and n-butanol (n-BuOH) (TASBU) were studied on protective effects of alloxan-induced diabetic rats in vivo. The antioxidant activity was determined by the method of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH),...
December 2011
Brassica rapa L. extract alleviate early hepatic injury in alloxan-induced diabetic rats
Liver insufficiency is one of the most important consequences of diabetes mellitus. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of turnip root ethanolic extract (TREE) on early hepatic injuries in alloxanized-diabetic rats. Eighty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into 4 equal groups including: normal healthy, normal+TREE, diabetic and 4- diabetic+TREE. Diabetes was induced with a single...
December 2011
Estrogen-like activities and cytotoxicity effects of Thai herbal medicines as natural ingredients in anti-ageing
The objective of the study was to search for the appropriate herbal extracts by comparative analysis of their estrogenic and cytotoxic activities. Some potentially estrogenic activity of herbal extracts in the management of female disorder symptoms was investigated by E-screen assay. The extracts having a promising activity were further evaluated in vitro for their cytotoxic activity. Of 13 herbal...
December 2011
Antioxidant activity and bioactive phytochemical contents of traditional medicinal plants in northeast Thailand
Traditional medicinal plants are efficacious for many ailments, but most of them still lacked the supportive scientific information for their therapeutic properties. We collected 31 medicinal plant species from 19 families commonly used as traditional medicine in northeast Thailand and classified into digestive tonic, diarrheal relief, anti-tussive and anti-inflammation groups. Their total antioxidant activity, free...
December 2011
In vitro antioxidant properties of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of walnut (Juglans regia)
Walnut has been reported to exhibit several pharmacological properties and widely used in folkloric medicine for the traditional treatment of ailments. Hence, this study sought to investigate the antioxidant properties of the aqueous and ethanolic extract of walnut seed using several antioxidant parameters. Both extracts were tested for free radical scavenging ability against 2, 2 diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH)...
December 2011
Comparative pharmacokinetics of icariin in plasma after oral administration of Er-Xian decoction or pure icariin in rats
The present study was to investigate the pharmacokinetics of icariin in rat after oral administration of single dose of Er-xian decoction (EXD) and pure icariin. Blood samples were collected by orbital vein at time intervals after drug administration and the plasma concentrations of the studied components were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) after the plasma protein was precipitated directly...
December 2011
Effect of Nigella sativa and bee honey on pulmonary, hepatic and renal function in Sudanese in Khartoum state
Nigella sativa seeds and Bee honey (BH) had been widely used in traditional medicine. In the present study we assessed their effect in treating asthma. A dose of 2 g of whole N. sativaseeds and 1 teaspoon full of BH per day were taken by the subjects -5 asthmatics and 22 non-asthmatics, 8 to 40 years in Khartoum for three month. They were also asked to smell crushed seeds that were warped in porous cloth three...
December 2011
Effect of saponosides crude extract isolated from Citrullus Colocynthis (L.) seeds on blood glucose level in normal and streptozotocin induced diabetic rats
The effect of saponosides crude extract isolated from the seeds of Citrullus Colocynthis L. Schrad (Cucurbitaceae) on blood glucose level were investigated in normal and diabetic rats (streptozotocin induced). A single and non toxic dose (20 mg/kg bw) of saponosides crude extract were administrated to animals by intraperitoneal route. Lethal doses of saponosides crude extract in healthy rats (DL50 and...
December 2011
Chemicals profiling and antioxidants activities of Acacia seeds
This study reported investigations on phytochemical screening and antioxidants activities of seeds from seven Acacia species. Storage proteins and mineral contents were determined. The seed extracts of Acacia species were evaluated for their total phenols, flavonoids, carotenoids contents and total antioxidant capacity assessed by 2,2-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and...
December 2011
Liquid chromatographic (LC) determination of four bioactive compounds in the Portulaca oleracea L.
The present article described a simple high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for the simultaneous determination of hesperidin, caffeic acid, ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid in Portulaca oleracea L., using a Phenomsil C18 analytical column (5 µm, 250 × 4.6 mm, Feinami Technologies, Beijing, China) and mobile phase consisting of methanol-acetonitrile-tetrahydrofuran-0.1%...
December 2011
Anti-tuberculosis activity of commonly used medicinal plants of south India
Tuberculosis (TB) has been a major health problem in developing countries including India. Due to increase in multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains ofMycobacterium tuberculosis, there is an urgent need of finding newer anti-mycobacterial agents to combat this problem. Natural sources provide numerous examples of interesting secondary metabolites with anti...
December 2011
Alternate therapy of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with Nigella (Ranunculaceae)
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is being more incurable due to its complex patho-physiology and failure of conventional anti-diabetic agents to restore the normal architecture and morphology of pancreatic islets and some potential side effects and weight gain. Many agents of plant origin have been used as anti-diabetic agents since ancient time. Among them Nigella sativa L. (Ranunculaceae) is being more...
December 2011
DNA isolation and optimization of sequence-related amplified polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction (SRAP-PCR) condition for endangered Polyporus umbellatus
To provide a fast genetic diversity survey of endangered Polyporus umbellatus (Pers.) Fries for immediate conservation, DNA isolation and optimization of polymerase chain reaction(PCR) assay of sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) were investigated. Due to high amount of polysaccharide contained in mycelium, three special approaches were adopted to eliminate it during DNA isolation, including...
December 2011
Biological effects based quality control of a traditional Chinese medicine
The main objective of this paper is to establish a quality control method based on lipid-lowering and anti-oxidation effect of Jiang-Zhi-Ning (JZN). Biological effects based quality standard of its active components was investigated. Two kinds of cells: oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) injured human umbilicalvein endothelial cell (HUVEC) and human hepatoma cell line Bel-7402 were employed to investigate the...
December 2011
Comparison of the tissue distributions of flavonoids after oral administration of pure baicalin, Radix scutellariae and Scutellariae-Paeoniae couple extracts to rats
Baicalin, baicalein, wogonoside and wogonin are the major flavones of Radix scutellariae with various beneï¬cial biological activities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the tissue distribution and compare the differences of these flavones after orally administrating the pure baicalin, R. scutellariae and Scutellariae-Paeoniae couple extracts with the same dose of 200 mg/kg...
December 2011
Traditional knowledge for modern ailments – plants used for the treatment of diabetes and cancer in Northern Peru
Various cancers and tumorous conditions were treated by healers. A total of 47 plant species belonging to 42 genera and 30 families were documented and identified as anti-cancer and anti-diabetic herbal remedies in Northern Peru, with 31 plants used for diabetes treatment and 17 species used for conditions identified by local healers as cancer. Most species used were Asteraceae, followed by Gentianaceae. Asteraceae as...
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