March 2012
Research development on volatile oil from chuanxiong rhizoma
Chuanxiong Rhizoma, as an authentic herbal medicine of Sichuan province, is one of the main plant sources of Umbelliferae rhizoma which has been used to treat headache, rheumatic arthralgia and coronary heart diseases. The current review covers its chemical constituents, pharmacological activities, pharmacokinetic and combination therapy. The phytochemistry of Chuanxiong Rhizoma has been studied extensively in recent...
March 2012
Macroelements nutrition (NPK) of medicinal plants: A review
The use of medicinal plants to treat diseases since ancient times has been applied. Nowadays, the number of the plants used for medicinal purpose is about 35,000 species. In this study, the effect of macro elements (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) on the properties of medicinal plants was reviewed. Investigations carried out showed that with adequate supply of N, P and K utilization by various spice crops are...
March 2012
Chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of Urena lobata L. (Malvaceae)
The chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the leaves of Urena lobata L. were investigated. The proximate analysis showed that the leaves contained moisture (7.21%), crude fibre (6.31%), carbohydrate (47.53%), crude protein (19.79%), fat (10.21%) and ash (8.95%). The mineral analysis in mg/100 g indicated that the leaves contained calcium (42.09), copper (0.31), iron (9.35), magnesium (35.38),...
March 2012
Screening of Brazilian plants for antiviral activity against animal herpesviruses
In a screening of Brazilian plants, extracts from 27 species were assayed in vitro for antiviral activity against bovine and suid herpesviruses type 1. The plants considered promising as source of antiviral substances were those that presented viral inhibition index equal or more than 1.5 meaning a difference of viral titers between treated and untreated infected cells. Out of the 27 plants tested,...
March 2012
Anti-ulcer activity of Swietenia mahagoni leaf extract in ethanol-induced gastric mucosal damage in rats
Swietenia mahagoni (West Indian mahogany) has been reported to have medicinal uses, such as treatment for hypertension, cancer, amoebiasis, chest pains and intestinal parasitism. The present study was performed to evaluate the acute toxicity and anti-ulcer activity of S. mahagoni ethanol leaf extract against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer. 24 rats included in this study were divided into 4 groups with 6...
March 2012
Analysis on the main active components of Lycium barbarum fruits and related environmental factors
Fruits of Lycium barbarum L. (wolfberry or “Gouqi” in Chinese) are widely used as traditional Chinese medicine and functional food in China, South-east Asia, Europe and North America. Polyphenols, polysaccharides and carotenoids are the main active compounds in L. barbarum fruits. Based on a rapid sample preparation with ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) established, contents of...
March 2012
In vitro antiplasmodial activity of seven plants commonly used against malaria in Burkina Faso
We collected seven medicinal plants currently used for malaria treatment in Burkina Faso. The paper reports the in vitro antiplasmodial activity of 26 crude extracts (alkaloids and tannins) from leaves and roots. After scientific experimentation, we discovered that Alkaloids from Mitragyna inermis leaves and roots and from Anogeissus leiocarpus leaves have a strong antiplasmodial activity...
March 2012
Phytochemicaland proximate analyses and thin layer chromatography fingerprinting of the aerial part of Chenopodium ambrosioides Linn. (Chenopodiaceae)
The aerial part of Chenopodium ambrosioides L., reputable for the treatment of malaria and diabetes in Nigeria, was qualitatively screened for the presence of secondary metabolites using standard methods. Some proximate parameters were also determined. The result of the phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, terpenes, sterols, cardenolide aglycone,...
March 2012
Antifungal activity of coptidis rhizoma against Candida species
The extract of Coptidis Rhizoma was determined antifungal activity against five differentCandida species. The extract showed antifungal activity against Candida albicans at 200 μg/ml, and C. tropicalis and C. glabrata at 50 μg/ml. A compound 1 was separated by thin layer chromatography (TLC) analysis and confirmed as berberine by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)...
March 2012
Evaluation and comparison of antifungal activities of Terminalia catappa and Terminalia mantaly (Combretaceae) on the in vitro growth of Aspergillus fumigatus
Many surveys performed around the world have mentioned that among the plant species belonging to Combretaceae family, Terminalia catappa is the most requested medicinal plant. In recent decades, traditional healers in southern region of Côte d’Ivoire prefer to use the bark of Terminalia mantaly instead of those of T. catappa. The purpose of this study is to compare the...
March 2012
Optimization of callus induction medium for Hymenocallis littoralis (Melong kecil) using root and bulb explants
Callus was initiated using bulb and root explants of Hymenocallis littoralis on the Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal media supplemented with various auxins, namely 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), dicamba, picloram, napthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) at various concentrations. Degree of callus formation based on weight was found highest (+++++) in NAA treatment at 2.0...
March 2012
Effects of pomegranate seed extract on liver paraoxonase and bcl-xL activities in rats treated with cisplatin
The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effect of pomegranate seed extract (PSE) on the changes caused by cisplatin (CP) in rat liver paraoxonase and bcl-xLactivities. Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups of six animals: (1) Control; (2) PSE: Treated for 15 consecutive days by gavage with PSE (300 mg/kg/day); (3) CP: Injected intraperitoneally with cisplatin (7...
March 2012
Medicinal plants from an old Bulgarian medical book
The aim of this study was to conduct an ethnobotanical research of old written sources which give information about medicinal plants and preparation of folk remedies for a particular historical period. The object of the present study is “Canon Prayer to St. Ivan Rilski and Medicinal Text” (1845) - a part of the Bulgarian early printed literature heritage. The 92 submitted recipes cover...
March 2012
Chemical composition, antioxidant activity and toxicity evaluation of essential oil of Tulbaghia violacea Harv.
Essential oil from the rhizomes of Tulbaghia violacea of the family Alliaceae was obtained by hydro-distillation using an all-glass Clevenger-type apparatus. In vitro antioxidant activities of the oil at various concentrations were assessed using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), nitric oxide scavenging, reducing power and lipid peroxidation inhibition assay. The results were compared...
March 2012
Optimum extraction conditions for arbutin from Asian pear peel by supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) using Box-Behnken design
Asian pear (Pyrus pyrifolia cv. Niitaka) peel, a by-product that results from juice processing, is a good source of arbutin, a polyphenol, which has a whitening effect on the skin. The objective of this study was to investigate the optimum extraction conditions for arbutin from Asian pear peel by supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) using response surface methodology (RSM) based on Box-Behnken experiment design....
March 2012
A comparison of volatile components of flower, leaf and peel of Citrus reticulata Blanco (Citrus nobilis Lour var. deliciosa swingle)
The volatile flavor components of flower, leaf and peel of Citrus nobilis Lour var. deliciosa swingle were investigated in this study. Flower, leaf and peel flavor components were extracted using water distillation method and then eluted using n-hexane solvent. Then they were all analyzed by Gas chromatography- flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). 39 flower...
March 2012
Optimization of total flavonoids extraction from mulberry leaf using an ethanol-based solvent system
Flavonoids from mulberry leaf are a kind of physiological active materials that can powerfully combat with biological oxidation. They are widely used in medicines and health care products. The present research established the best conditions for flavonoid extraction using a circulation method of 80% alcohol (solid-liquid ratio = 1:30, temperature = 80°C). The extraction was performed 5 times for 3 h....
March 2012
Evaluation of the antimicrobial activity in species of a Portuguese “Montado†ecosystem against multidrug resistant pathogens
Forty polar and non polar extracts from six “Montado” species (Adenocarpus anisochilus., Erica lusitanica, Lavandula stoechas subsp. luisieri, Paeonia broteroi, Quercus faginea subsp. broteroi and Rosmarinus officinalis) were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against a broad panel of microorganisms that include standard and resistant strains of...
March 2012
Genetic diversity and population structure of Dactylorhiza hatagirea (Orchidaceae) in cold desert Ladakh region of India.
Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was used to characterize the genetic diversity and population genetic structure within and among nine natural populations ofDactylorhiza hatagirea, a critically endangered or rare terrestrial medicinal orchid in cold desert of Ladakh region. Out of the 177 bands generated from twenty random primers, 174 were polymorphic. The genetic diversity of D....
March 2012
In vitro antioxidant capacities of rice residue hydrolysates from fermented broth of five mold strains
Rice residue was fermented by five different strains of molds, namely, Aspergillus oryzae,Mucor racemosus, Rhizopus oligosporrus, Aspergillium niger and Penicillium glaucum. Antioxidant activities of the fermented products, rice residue hydrolysates (RRHs) were evaluated using ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay and...
March 2012
Determination of scavenging effect of Chinese medicinal herbs on hydroxyl radical using a new chemiluminescence system
A novel flow injection chemiluminescence (FI-CL) method was developed for determination of scavenging effect of Chinese medicinal herbs on hydroxyl radical (·OH). It was shown that a strong chemiluminescence (CL) signal was observed when methylene bule (MB) was mixed with Fenton reagent in an acidic medium. The CL intensity was decreased significantly when the extract of Chinese medicinal herb was added to the...
March 2012
Qianliening capsule treats benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) via suppression of epidermal growth factor/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (EGF/STAT3) signaling pathway
March 2012
A survey of medicinal plants in mangrove and beach forests from sating Phra Peninsula, Songkhla Province, Thailand
This study aimed to survey medicinal plants in mangrove and beach forests from Sating Phra Peninsula, Songkhla Province. Three representative districts including Sing Ha Nakhon, Sating Phra and Ranode were selected. Semi-structured interview was conducted to six local healers for asking about local names, parts of use, preparation and properties. Plant specimens also were collected. Identification was done and the...
March 2012
High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) determination of five active ingredients in the calyces of Physalis Alkekengi L. var. franchetii (mast.) Mskino
A simple high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) assay using the internal standard method is developed for the simultaneous determination of five active ingredients. The analyzed compounds from the calyces of Physalis alkekengi L. var. franchetii (mast.) Mskino include Luteoloside, Luteolin, Physalin A, Physalin O and Physalin P. HPLC analysis is performed on an Agilent C18 analytical column...
March 2012
Betalains from stem callus cultures of Zaleya decandra L. N. Burm. f. - A medicinal herb
The plant synthesizes various medicinal important compounds; similarly in vitro derived callus also synthesizes the compounds. Hence, callus can also be used as an alternative to whole plant for the production of secondary metabolites. A preliminary experiment was conducted using stem explants of Zaleya decandra (Aizoaceae) on MS, B5 and Whites media containing different concentrations of auxins and...
March 2012
Anti-Candida activity of ethanolic extracts of Iranian endemic medicinal herbs against Candida albicans
It has long been known that herbs and their extracts have antimicrobial activities. Heracleumlasiopetalum Boiss., Satureja bachtiarica Bunge., Thymus daenensis Celak., Echiophoraplatyloba L., Dracocephalum multicaule Benth., Kelussia odoratissima Mozaff. and Achilleakellalensis Boiss. are Iranian endemic plant species that have...
March 2012
Acute toxicity of Clarias gariepinus exposed to Datura innoxia leaf extract
Acute toxicity test was carried out with aqueous extract of Datura innoxia leaf on Clarias gariepinus fingerlings for 96 h under laboratory conditions using static bioassays with continuous aeration. The LC50 of the exposed fingerlings was 120.23 mg/L with lower and upper confidence limits of 96.18 and 150.29 mg/L, respectively. The fish exhibited loss of balance, respiratory...
March 2012
Dietary supplementation of green tea by-products on growth performance, meat quality, blood parameters and immunity in finishing pigs
Green tea has a long-standing reputation for its health-promoting properties. It has a useful content of amino acids, proteins, vitamins, tannins and polyphenols, such as epicatechin, epigallocatechin, epigallocatechin gallate and gallocatechin. This study evaluated the potential use of green tea by-products in finishing pig diet. A total of 100 finishing pigs were assigned to 5 dietary treatments with 4 replications...
March 2012
Influence of salt stress on growth, pigments, soluble sugars and ion accumulation in three pistachio cultivars
In this study, three pistachio cultivars were treated with different concentration of salt solution to provide a reference for the cultivation of salt tolerant rootstocks. The results revealed that increasing the salinity stress resulted in decreasing growth performances of the plants in the three pistachio cultivars. This decrease was not significant in salinity of 100 mM but was significant in other salinities...
March 2012
Study on salicin content correlation between taxilli herba and their willow host plants
This paper aims to study the correlation of salicin content between taxilli herba and its host plants, willows. The salicin content of the taxilli herba parasitizing in willows and mulberries was determined by the method of reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The salicin sample was ultrasonically extracted in methanol solution in the chromatographic conditions of an...
March 2012
Antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of essential oils of four Hypericum from Khorasan, Iran
The essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation from the flowers, leaves, stems and roots or from four species Hypericum include Hypericum perforatum L., Hypericum hyssopifolium Vill.,Hypericum helianthemoides (Spach) Boiss. and Hypericum scabrum L. from plants growing wild in Khorasan, Northeast of Iran, were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass...
March 2012
The antitumor activities of Lentinula edodes C91-3 mycelia fermentation protein on S180 (Mouse sarcoma cell) in vivo and in vitro
Lentinula edodes is one of the most widely used medicinal mushrooms which exhibit significant antitumor activity. It is mostly studied and several studies have showed that its polysaccharides play critical roles in the antitumor effects. In this study, we determine the antitumor activity of Lentinula edodes C91-3 mycelia fermentation protein (LFP91-3) on S180tumor cells in vivo as well as in vitro....
March 2012
Effect of plant density on phenology and oil yield of safflower herb under irrigated and rainfed planting systems
In order to study the effect of plant density on phenology and oil yield of safflower herb under irrigated and rainfed planting systems, an experiment was conducted in Agriculture Research Station of Islamic Azad University, Ardabil Branch, Ardabil, Iran in 2010 as a factorial experiment based on a randomized complete block design with four replications. The factors included planting system (irrigation and rainfed) and...
March 2012
Astragalus polysaccharides induced gene expression profiling of intraepithelial lymphocytes in immune-suppressed mice
Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) possess a variety of immunomodulatory activities, but the regulation on mucosal immunity is not fully understood. In this study, immune suppression in mice was induced with cyclophosphamide treatment and APS was used as an intervention and was administrated at dosages of 3 g/kg (APS HD) and 1.5 g/kg (APS LD). Intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) were isolated from the intestines. The mRNA...
March 2012
Palatability perception of herbal teas: Impact of extraction time and saccharose
The herbal teas have been used as remedies for centuries, but they are believed to be a prioriunpalatable. The palatability of 43 different herbal teas and the effect of the extraction time and a sweetener (saccharose) on the taste perception of 31 or 25 herbal teas respectively, were evaluated using the 5 point palatability scale. The palatability scores of the herbal teas varied to a great extent (from 1.03 to...
March 2012
Isolation and purification of terpenoids from Celastrus aculeatus Merr. by high-speed counter-current chromatography
Following an initial clean-up step on a silica gel column, preparative high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) method was successfully established by using n-hexane–ethyl acetate–methanol–water (2.3:2:2:1.3, v/v) as the two phases solvent system to isolate and purify terpenoids from the stem and root bark of Celastrus aculeatus Merr. The isolation was done in less than 260 min and 2.5 mg...
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