Genetic diversity studies for morphological traits of hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) genotypes in Central Zone of Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia
October 2019
Hot pepper is the dominant vegetable crop grown in different parts of Ethiopia with long history of cultivation and considerable genetic diversity for most important morphological traits. However, shortage of varieties, the prevalence of fungal and bacterial as well as viral diseases, information is lacking on genetic diversity and genetic information to design genetic resource conservation to improve yield and yield...
The functional characterisation of soybean (Glycine max L.) rhizospheric bacteria indigenous to Ethiopian soils
October 2019
Ethiopia remains a net importer of soybean partly due to low average yields which may be improved by inoculation with rhizobia and/or plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). The functional characterisation of 231 rhizobacteria isolated from the rhizosphere of soybean grown in 102 soils collected from different pedo-climatic regions of Ethiopia was carried out. Isolates were initially characterised by Gram staining...
Assessment of seed quality parameters in different seed sources of chickpea (Cicer arietinum (L.)
October 2019
In Ethiopia, chickpea is an important grain legume next to faba bean and common bean. Quality seed production and associated technologies could be mentioned among the major challenges that limit chickpea production and productivity in Ethiopia. This study was conducted to assess the quality of seeds at different generation classes as obtained from various sources that would contribute an estimate of more than half the...
Smallholders’ technical efficiency of teff production in Ethiopia
October 2019
The main objective of this study is to examine the level and determinants of technical efficiency of smallholder Teff producers in Ethiopia using Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA), with appropriate production function, trans-log by LR test. Secondary data from Ethiopian socio-economic survey were used for the analysis. The result of Maximum likelihood Estimate (MLE) shows that area, fertilizer and fragmentation of land...
Application of magnetically treated water to eggplant seedlings
October 2019
Application of magnetically treated water to seedlings production has shown beneficial results in several crops. The objective of study was to evaluate the effect of magnetically treated water on germination, growth and development of eggplant seedlings. Three experiments were conducted and the water was treated with 1000 G magnetic field during 24 h. In the first experiment, the treatments tested were applications of...
Impact of storage on sugar loss in sorghum stalks
October 2019
Sweet sorghum sugars are feedstock for bio-products. Extending production beyond harvest will maximize profitability, but is limited by loss of fermentable sugars during storage. Cutting stalks into billets increases surface area for processing, but can increase sugar degradation. The effect of storing whole sorghum stalks was investigated. Whole stalks of cultivar M 81-E had the highest losses at 44.2% of fermentable...
Vegetative and enzymatic analysis of the initial stages of Coffea arabica L. grown from seeds treated with humic substances
September 2019
Arabica coffee is a perennial crop usually propagated by seeds, which must be healthy and able to form normal plants. The objective of this study was to analyze the vegetative and enzymatic reactions in the initial stages of Arabica coffee seedlings treated with different humic substances and at different concentrations. A germination test was conducted with Arabica coffee seeds of the Topazio MG 1190 cultivar using...
Yield prediction under associated millet and cowpea crops in the Sahelian zone
September 2019
Dekads in the prediction of yields under associated millet and cowpea crops were studied in three localities located in the Sahelian zone. Multiple linear regressions was applied to create predictive models based on variables extracted from the decadal Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) image series from the SPOT VEGETATION satellite, the GeoWRSI tool, and the recorded ground rainfall. The earliest forecast...
Heritability of reversion from Sweet potato feathery mottle virus infection in sweetpotato
September 2019
Sweet potato feathery mottle virus (SPFMV) causes 50% yield losses in sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas). However, some cultivars have been observed to become SPFMV free following initial infection, a phenomenon termed reversion. The heritability of reversion from virus infections in sweetpotato remains unclear. This study is aimed at determining heritability of reversion from SPFMV in progeny of crossed reverting and...
Assessing yield stability and adaptability of Andean common bean genotypes in the semi-arid environment of Botswana
September 2019
Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a vital source of nutrients worldwide. It is one of the most consumed grain legume in Botswana. Fourteen Andean common bean genotypes were evaluated in four environments (two seasons and two diverse agro-ecologies) to determine the effect of genotype and environment interaction and yield stability. The genotypes were grown in a randomized complete block design with three...
Factors influencing the level of commercialization among smallholder cassava farmers in Taita-Taveta and Kilifi Counties, Kenya
September 2019
Commercialization of farm produce is a decision made at the household level. However, the decision is influenced by different socio-economic and institutional factors which in turn affect the level of commercialization. Therefore, cassava farmers in Taita-Taveta and Kilifi counties participate in the market at different commercialization levels due to their difference in market orientation. The Household...
Cleome gynandra L. origin, taxonomy and morphology: A review
September 2019
Cleome gynandra L. is one of the traditional leafy vegetables in Africa and Asia providing essential minerals and vitamins to the diet and income of resource poor communities. Despite these benefits, the crop has not been studied extensively resulting in lack of scientific information to guide crop improvement research and associated agronomic practices. The taxonomy of the crop, its reproductive behaviour, genome size,...
Aggressiveness of Phaeoisariopsis griseola isolates and reaction of common bean varieties to the isolates under greenhouse conditions
September 2019
Angular leaf spot caused by Phaeoisariopsis griseola is one of the most destructive diseases on common bean in Southern and Southwestern parts of Ethiopia. However, systematic and focus studies were lacking to this important disease. Therefore, greenhouse study was conducted to test aggressiveness of P. griseola isolates and evaluate resistance reactions of bean varieties to pathogenic isolates. 55 leaf samples were...
Grain quality and nitrogen use efficiency of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties in response to nitrogen fertilizer in Arsi highlands, southeastern Ethiopia
September 2019
Field experiments were conducted in 2017/18 cropping season at Kulumsa Research Center Farm (OnS) and on farmer’s (OnF) field to assess the effect of N fertilizer rates on grain quality and NUE of bread wheat (Lemu and Wane) varieties. Factorial combinations of Lemu and Wane varieties and five N rates (0, 46, 92,138 and 184 kg N ha-1) were laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The...
Farmers’ insecticide use practices and species composition and abundance of thrips species (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on onion in the Rift Valley of Ethiopia
September 2019
A survey was conducted in 2016 in the major onion producing areas of the Ethiopian Central Rift Valley. A structured questionnaire was used to assess farmers’ management practices with a focus on the use of insecticides. Plant samples were collected to assess species composition of thrips and their abundance. Results showed that insecticides were the only control methods for onion growers to control thrips...
Botanical control of cultivated plants of Lippia chevalieri Moldenke (Verbenaceae)
September 2019
In Mali, the Malarial-5 which is an improved traditional medicine (ITM) made partly with the leaves of Lippia chevalieri is used to treat symptoms of uncomplicated malaria. One of the issues related to the production of this ITM is the quality of the raw material. The present work aimed to control the quality of the leaves from cultivated plants of L. chevalieri. This study was carried out from 2015 to 2016 in Mali. The...
Assessing fish production, demand and supply in the selected districts of North Shewa Zone, Ethiopia
September 2019
This study was aimed to assess fish production, supply and demand in selected districts of North Shewa Zone, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia to generate base-line data that would help in the proper and sustainable utilization of fishery and water resources. Structured and semi structured questionnaires were employed as a means of data collection tools. Respondents from five districts that is, Merhabete, Menz Mama, Menz...
Local knowledge of pumpkin production, performance and utilization systems for value addition avenues from selected agro-ecological zones of Uganda
September 2019
Pumpkin is one of the underutilized fruit vegetables in Uganda despite the fact that it has wide spectrum of both nutritional and medicinal values. A survey was carried out to document local knowledge of pumpkin production; performance and utilization systems to aid the selection of pumpkin varieties to be used for particular value addition avenues. It was observed that twelve varieties of pumpkin are commonly grown and...
Soil chemical indicators and nutrient cycling variations across sequential years of rice cultivation: A case study of floodplain conditions of the Amazon, Brazil
September 2019
To meet the rising food demand for next generations, soils are needed to stand biological yield and promote animal, plant and human welfare. In this logic, the aim of the study was to determine the effects of different soil uses; (a) successive irrigated rice planting and (b) different soil management practices onto soil chemical properties and nutrient cycling. The study was carried out in areas with dissimilar years...
Wheat response to water stress condition at different growth stages in Amibara, Ethiopia
September 2019
To evaluate the effect of water stress at different crop growth stages on yield, yield components and water use efficiency, a field experiment was carried out in 2015/2016, 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 for bread wheat (Gambo variety) at Werer Agricultural Research Center. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications having 15 experimental treatments. Combination of water...
Use of temporary immersion bioreactors on in vitro culture of cactus pear
September 2019
This work was conducted with the objective of evaluating the performance of cactus pear cultivars on in vitro culture using bioreactors and the conventional method. The treatments were arranged in a 3 × 2 factorial scheme with a completely randomized design, and the three cactus pear cultivars (Orelha de elefante mexicana, Miúda and IPA-Sertânia) were combined with two micropropagation methods...
Evaluation of the systemic action of neem (Azadirachta indica A. juss) seed products against the desert locust immature Schistocerca gregaria (Forskal) (Orthoptera: Acrididae)
September 2019
The current study was done to investigate the potential of the systemic growth regulatory effects of various neem seeds products against immature stages of desert locust infesting potted millet plants in Sudan. The tests also covered the stability of the systemic action of neem seed powder (NSP) under conditions of water stress. Some (33-80%) of the exposed nymphs developed to the third stage without further moulting....
Inoculation with entomopathogenic fungi reduces seed contamination, improves seed germination and growth of chilli seedlings
September 2019
The use of entomopathogenic fungi is a common practice for integrated pest management. It has recently been observed that they also play a role as growth promoters and plant disease antagonism. In this study, the effect of inoculation with two strains of Beauveria bassiana [(Bals.-Criv.) Vuill. 1912] (strains BB42 and BB09) and two strains of Metarhizium anisopliae [(Metschn.) Sorokīn 1883] (strains MA25 and MA28) on...
Performance of CIP and Dutch potato varieties under Rwanda climate conditions
September 2019
In attempt to develop new potato varieties with the current market lead traits, nine Dutch potato varieties namely Fabula, Panamela, Sagitta, Challenger, Sifra, Rosi, Memphis, Taurus and Derby, and International Potato Center (CIP) varieties Kinigi and Kirundo were evaluated in three Rwandan sites for two growing seasons in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with tree replications. The data collected consists of...
Evaluation of biocontrol agent and wheat straw mulch on yield and yield components of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) genotypes in Central Tigray, Northern Ethiopia
September 2019
Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is the 13 and 4th most important food and oil seed crops in the world. Groundnut is a source of vitamin E. However, due to low soil fertility, drought stress, fungal diseases and lack of appropriate management, production has been constrained qualitatively and quantitatively in the study area. Trichoderma harzianum and wheat straw mulch could increase the growth performance of groundnut...
Quantifying the response of different maturity groups of maize (Zea mays L.) supplementary irrigation in the Sudan Savannah of Nigeria
August 2019
Field trials were conducted during the 2014 rainy season under rainfed and supplementary irrigation conditions to study the response of different maturity groups of maize to supplementary irrigation in the Sudan savannah. The treatments consisted of three early (2009 EVDT, 1999 EVDT and TZECOMP5W), one late (TZL COMP1SYN), one intermediate (IWDC2SYN) and one extra early (2009 TZEE) maturing maize varieties which were...
Determination of the genus Meloidogyne species and study of their impact on the market gardening in the area of Bamako, Mali
August 2019
The development of market gardening is faced with many problems among which there are the nematodes of the genus Meloidogyne. The aim of this study is twofold: (a) determining the Meloidogyne species that are crowned by the perineal plates of female and (b) studying the impact of the multiplication of these nematodes on the tomato cv Roma (Lycopersicon esculentum L). Root samples were collected at five sites around...
Genetic diversity of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) varieties grown in Daloa district in Central-Western Côte d'Ivoire
August 2019
Cassava is an important staple food in Côte d'Ivoire produced in several areas including the Daloa district in Central-Western Region. However, this plant experiences biotic and abiotic constraints that strongly limit its productivity. Proper knowledge of genetic diversity is important to mitigate these constraints and select resistant and well adapted genotypes to increase the productivity. This study...
Parent-offspring regression, correlation and genetic advance of drought and yield traits at early generation in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
August 2019
A study was carried out to estimate the parent-offspring regression and correlation and, to determine genetic advance of yield and drought related traits of groundnut at early segregating populations. All the experiments were conducted in the dry season 2015/2016 at the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics ICRISAT Samanko, Mali under full irrigation and drought stress conditions. The data...
The trade of the cattle fair in alagoas’ agreste:a description of this step of the comercialization process
August 2019
This paper presents a descriptive study about the economic activity in cattle fairs from Alagoas’ countryside, Brazil, through visits in loco, application of questionnaires and secondary data obtained from Adeal in the two main fairs on Alagoas’ countryside, Brazil. The objective was to study the quantity of animals in the events, identifying the marketing channel and its segments, the negotiation volume and...
Transpiration, water extraction, and root distribution of Tahiti lime (Citrus latifolia Tanaka) plant under different micro-sprinkler placements
August 2019
Measurements of transpiration in cultivated plants are of utmost importance, especially in semi-arid regions where there is low water availability with this, the present work aimed to determine daily transpiration, root distribution, and soil water extraction of ‘Tahiti’ lime plant under different micro-sprinkler placements in semi-arid conditions of northern Minas Gerais state. We assessed soil water...
Prospects and challenges of agro-industry in Bangladesh: An agripreneur view
August 2019
Agriculture sector plays an important role in overall economic development of Bangladesh. A plurality of Bangladeshis earns their living from agriculture. Agriculture is the largest employment sector in Bangladesh. Bangladesh is a fertile agrarian country where agriculture and its related branches have been acting as the main livelihood of major portion of citizen since independence. Agro-industry is playing...
Impact of tsetse and trypanosomiasis control on poverty: A case of Pate Island of Lamu County, Kenya
August 2019
The livestock rearing households of Pate Island in Lamu County of the Northern Coast of Kenya had been participating in the control of tsetse flies and trypanosomiasis. The objective of this study was to estimate the change in household wealth index resulting from tsetse and trypanosomiasis control. The study was conducted on 254 project households and 282 non-project households in the County. Using structured...
Chemical composition of Urochloa brizantha depending on the seasons and cutting frequencies
August 2019
The aim of this research was to assess the chemical composition of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Piatã variety and to determine which cutting frequency is the most suitable for autumn, winter and spring. The experimental design adopted was the completely randomized in factorial scheme with plots subdivided in time. Each plot consisted of four cutting frequencies (21, 28, 35 and 42 days between cuts) and sub plots were...
Effect of tillage and mulching on agronomics performances of maize and soil chemical properties in Linsinlin Watershed of Centre of Benin
August 2019
Soil conservation has become an important aspect in achieving food security. The objective of this study is to assess the effect of two agricultural practices on the agronomic performance of maize and the chemical properties of soil. A field experiment was carried out on loamy-sand soil using Fisher Block design. Tillage systems and mulching significantly affected maize growth and yield components. The interactive...
Adaptability and stability of saccharine sorghum cultivars
August 2019
The Brazilian bioenergy sector has been trying the use of saccharine sorghum in order to optimize ethanol production. However, there are few varieties fitted to this objective and little knowledge about their adaptability and stability. Then, the purpose of this work was to study the adaptability and stability of saccharine sorghum, taking into account the effects of the G x E interaction, to select superior genotypes...
Farmers’ perception of the parasitic weed Alectra vogelii Benth. and their cowpea varietal preferences in Burkina Faso
August 2019
Burkina Faso was the third largest cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] producing country in West Africa in 2017. Cowpea is the fourth leading staple grain legume crop produced in the country. However, its production is hampered by several constraints, among which parasitic weeds are some of the most devastating. Alectra vogelii Benth. and Striga gesnerioides Wild Vatke are the main parasitic weeds in cowpea production...
Comparison of proximate, mineral and phytochemical composition of enset (Ensete ventricosum (Welw.) Cheesman) landraces used for a different purpose
July 2019
Enset (Ensete ventricosum (Welw.) Cheesman) is one of the oldest cultivated food security crops in Ethiopia. There are a number of enset landraces used for traditional medicine. These landraces are believed to have better minerals and phytochemical compositions, which are not proved scientifically. The objective of this study was to compare the proximate, mineral and phytochemical compositions of corms of enset...
Changes in livelihood strategies and animal husbandry practices of pastoralists in the sub-humid zone of West Africa
July 2019
Migration to and sedentarization in the sub-humid zone of Burkina Faso has become a major adaptation measure of Sahelian pastoralists to the severe droughts and in response to a rapidly changing socio-economic environment. This study is aimed at assessing livelihoods and livestock husbandry practices as a consequence of pastoralist sedentarization. The study sites were located in the Sudano-Sahelian and Sudanian zone of...
Physiological potential of lettuce seeds crespa
July 2019
The present work aimed to evaluate the germination, emergence, vigor and initial development of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) cultivars. Nine cultivars belonging to the crespa group, Cinderella, Monica SF 31, Mimosa (Salad Bowl), Veneranda, Brava, Cerbiatta (Catalonha), Itapua Super, Itaúna Prisée, Simpson and Vitória de Verão were used. The experiment was conducted to ensure the accuracy of...
Physiological responses of operators to handle vibration of diesel-fueled single-axle tractor
July 2019
Hand-arm transmitted vibration originating from a 15 horsepower single-axle tractor can be very strong and cause operator fatigue plus various physiological disorders in vascular, neurological, and musculoskeletal systems. The objective of this work was to measure the characteristics of such hand-transmitted vibrations and its effect on the health of the single-axle tractor operator, in a research program conducted at...
Genetic variability of yam based on quantitative descriptors
July 2019
Yam is a promising income source for small producers in the Recôncavo Baiano region. However, few genetic studies have been conducted with this culture. In this sense, the aim of this study was to assess genetic variability among 89 genotypes of yam (Dioscorea rotundata Poir.) collected in four municipalities in Bahia State, Brazil. These were assessed based on eight quantitative descriptors. Data were subjected...
Is silicon capable to affect the photosynthetic performance of green maize plants?
July 2019
Green maize (Zea mays L.) is a cultivated species of significant importance in the agricultural scene. The literature reports that Si has been used as an alternative option for sustainable agricultural systems. We examined the hypothesis that this beneficial element will improve the photosynthetic performance and biological productivity of crop plants, under field conditions, without nutritional stress. In this context,...
Effects of conservation tillage on maize (Zea mays L.) and beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) chlorophyll, sugars and yields in humic nitisols soils of Embu County, Kenya
July 2019
An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of conservation tillage (CT) practices on leaf chlorophyll content, sugars and yields of Zea mays L. and Phaseolus vulgaris L. for two consecutive cropping seasons at the Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization farm in Embu County, Kenya. The experimental design was a Randomized Complete Block Design with 9 treatments replicated 3 times. The treatments...
Physico-chemical characterization and kinetics of drying of organic yellow bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)
July 2019
The bell pepper has many qualities, but it has a high water content, favoring the occurrence of deteriorating reactions and the growth of microorganisms; however, it is possible to use drying as a conservation method. The objective of this study is to perform the kinetics of organic yellow bell pepper drying at different drying air temperatures, to adjust the data obtained to the empirical models and to evaluate the...
Effect of cropping system, seed treatment and planting date on Striga hermonthica infetstaion and growth and yield of sorghum
July 2019
Striga hermonthica is a serious biotic constraint to sorghum production in sub-Saharan Africa but the use of cropping system, seed treatment and appropriate planting dates might help to control the weed. Two years trial was conducted at the Federal University of Technology Minna research farm. The objective was to evaluate the effect of intercropping system, seed treatment, and planting date in integrated management of...
Light effects on growth and essential oil quantity and constituents in some Apiaceae plants
July 2019
The Apiaceae family known for vegetable crops rich in essential oils, includes numerous genera of high medicinal and economic value. This study investigates the effects of red and far-red light treatments through the dark period (night-break), on the growth characteristics, essential oil quantity and composition, in Coriandrum sativum L., Anethum graveolens L., and Petroselinum crispum. Treatments began 20 days after...
Efficiency of Cajanus cajan in different sowing densities on soil compacting
July 2019
This research conducted in the District of Concepción, Concepción Department, Paraguay, involved the use of a randomized complete block design consisting of four treatments and five repetitions. The general objective was to evaluate the effect of Cajanus cajan L. species with different planting densities on soil compaction and as specific objectives; measure the compaction of the soil at the beginning and...
Assessment of pre and post-harvest management practices on coffee (Coffea arabica L.) quality determining factors in Gedeo zone, Southern Ethiopia
July 2019
In Gedeo zone, coffee quality is declining from time to time due to several improper pre and post-harvest management practices. Therefore, this study was designed with the objective of assessing impact of pre and post-harvest management practices on Coffea arabica L. quality determining factors in Gedeo zone, Southern Ethiopia. Totally, 90 household respondents were used from three Woredas and selected purposively....
Chemical attributes of the soil and agronomic characteristics of maize as a monocrop and intercropped with herbaceous and woody legumes in the savannah of Roraima, Brazil
July 2019
Several studies seek to identify management systems that promote an increase in soil quality. As such, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of combinations of herbaceous and woody legumes on the productivity of green maize and the chemical attributes of the soil. The research was developed over two crop years (2016 and 2017). The experimental design was of randomized complete blocks with three replications...
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