Adjustments for axial and sieves systems of coffee harvesters
January 2019
During the mechanized harvesting of the coffee, there is a fall of fruits in the order of 10 to 20%. This coffee must be later collected. For that, it is necessary to use harvester adjustments that promote a greater picking efficiency. Therefore, the purpose of this work was to define the best adjustments for the axial and sieves system for coffee harvesters. The experiment was carried out using an axial system...
Comparative performance of commonly used portable coffee harvesters
January 2019
In mountain regions due to the high slopes, the coffee harvest is carried out manually, generating higher production costs. An alternative to reducing these costs is to use portable breakers. The objective of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of portable coffee breakers in coffee harvesting. The experiment was carried out in a field of Catucaí Amarelo 24/137, 3.5 years old. In the study, six types of...
Identification of drought selection indices of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes in the Southern Highlands of Tanzania
January 2019
A study was conducted to evaluate common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes for drought tolerance in the Southern Highlands of Tanzania. Treatments included 18 genotypes laid out in a 3×18 split plot arranged in randomized complete block design with three replications. The data on yield under water stress and non-water stress treatments were used to calculate indices that can be used for predicting tolerant...
Seed treatment and pre-inoculation of soybean: effect of storage period and agrochemicals on the physiological quality of seed and yield
January 2019
Industrial seed treatment of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] has increased over the last years. New technologies have been developed to allow the inoculation procedure, which is traditionally done at the day of sowing, to be performed with the industrial treatment days or even weeks before sowing. Since little is known about the compatibility of agrochemicals and pre-inoculation, the objective of this study was to...
Genetic diversity of rice (Oryza sativa L.) accessions collected from Sudan and IRRI using SSR markers
January 2019
The assessment of genetic diversity of the traditional rice varieties or landraces is an essential component in germplasm characterization and conservation to identify potential parents. In the present study SSR markers (588 SSR markers) were used for the assessment of genetic diversity and relatedness among 31 rice accessions. These included 18 accessions from Sudan and 13 from IRRI. Among the SSR markers used only 483...
Characterization of Pico Island (Azores) wood-pastures
January 2019
Wood-pastures are gaining importance in various parts of the planet, either for their role in combating desertification, protecting endemic faunas and flora, or their role in animal welfare or nutritional value in all year round grazing systems. On Pico Island and on other islands in the Azores, farmers have been using tree pastures for a long time, especially in the winter, when there is a shortage of grass and the...
Crop abiotic stresses and nutrition of harvested food crops: A Review of impacts, interventions and their effectiveness
January 2019
In tandem with the accelerating effects of climate change, efforts to increase agricultural productivity to feed the growing population are still being extensively rolled out in Africa. That notwithstanding, a large population in the continent remains food and nutrition insecure; rendering malnutrition the biggest public health challenge. Coupled with the increased incidences of abiotic stresses, developing countries...
Levels of some toxic heavy metals (Cr, Cd and Pb) in selected vegetables and soil around eastern industry zone, central Ethiopia
January 2019
The purpose of this study was to determine the concentration of heavy metals (Cr, Cd and Pb) in vegetables and the soil contaminating levels as a result of irrigation using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (FAAS). The wet digestion and sequential fractionation extraction procedures were employed to solubilize the metals from the collected samples. The results obtained from this study showed overall...
Difficulties in adaptation to climate change by oil palm farmers in Southern Nigeria
January 2019
There is an increasing concern that climate change is already having an impact on poor, small scale oil palm farmers in Southern Nigeria. Researchers have shown that Nigeria is already being plagued with diverse ecological problems which have been linked to climate change. More so, increase in the severity of extreme weather events, sea level rise, coastal erosion, changes in weather pattern that affect oil palm...
Effects of moisture stresses during vegetative and reproductive growth phases on productivity of six selected rain-fed rice varieties in Ifakara, Tanzania
January 2019
In order to study the critical growth stages and the most tolerant rice varieties in both lowland and upland rainfed ecosystems, an experiment arranged in split plots based on randomized complete block design was conducted under field conditions with 3 replications. Three stress timing irrigation treatments (no stress, vegetative moisture stress, and reproductive moisture stress) were assigned as th main plots, while 6...
Responses of Moringa oleifera root growth to container size during overwintering in temperate regions
January 2019
Due to its fast growth rates, Moringa oleifera is being grown as an annual crop in temperate areas with freezing winter temperatures. Seedlings are raised under greenhouse conditions for overwintering and then transplanted outside at the beginning of spring, which allows for several cuttings prior to onset of the subsequent winter. However, there is limited information on container-size for overwintering of M. oleifera...
Levels of some selected metals (Fe, Cu and Zn) in selected vegetables and soil around eastern industry zone, central Ethiopia
January 2019
The purpose of this study was to determine the concentration of selected metals (Fe, Zn and Cu) in vegetables and the soil contaminating levels due to irrigation, using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (FAAS). The wet digestion and sequential fractionation extraction procedures were employed to solubilize the metals from the collected samples. The results obtained from this study showed overall concentration of...
Assessment of technical conformity of bench terraces for soil erosion control in Rwanda
January 2019
The purpose of this paper was to evaluate technical conformity of bench terraces in the Eastern Province of Rwanda. A sample of 180 actual bench terraces from 12 sites located in this Province was tested against technical standards and models provided for by the Ministry of Agriculture of Rwanda and Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. The results showed that many sites have been constructed with no...
Land Use Land Cover Change Trend and Its Drivers in Somodo Watershed South Western, Ethiopia
January 2019
Land use land cover (LULC) dynamics are a widespread, accelerating, and significant process driven by human actions. LULC changes analysis is one of the most precise techniques to understand how land was used in the past, what types of changes are to be expected in the future, as well as the forces and processes behind the changes. This study was carried out to evaluate the historical and future trends as well as...
Status and distribution of soil available micronutrients along a hillslope at Ekpri Ibami in Akamkpa Local Government Area of Cross River State, Nigeria
January 2019
A field study of the status and distribution of available soil micronutrients along a hillslope of Ekpri Ibami was carried out on a 50 ha land. The aim of the study is to evaluate the micronutrient status and distribution and their relationship with some selected soil properties. A total of 16 soil samples were collected from each pedogenic horizons of four profile pits dug along a hillslope classified as upper slope,...
Evaluation of sugarcane hybrid clones for cane and sugar yield in Nigeria
January 2019
Field experiment was conducted in year 2015/2016 at the National Cereals Research Institute Badeggi, Niger State (sugarcane research field) to evaluate the performance of sixteen sugarcane genotypes. The clones were planted in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) and replicated three times. Analysis of variance showed significant differentiation among studied genotypes. The results revealed that among the evaluated...
Banana field resistance to insect-vector transmission of bacterial wilt caused by Xanthomonas campestris p.v musacearum
January 2019
Banana, a major staple in East and Central Africa is constrained by banana Xanthomonas wilt (BXW) caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum (Xcm). Xcm-infected plants are rapidly destroyed leading to 100% yield loss. Cultural controls are effective but laborious attracting laxity among farmers. This has led to epidemic resurgence in areas where BXW had been contained hence spread to new regions. Reliable control...
Natural occurrence of Diadiplosis megalamellae (Barnes) in mealybugs on roses in Kenya
January 2019
Over the last decade there has been an increasing adoption of Integrated Pest Management on rose farms in Kenya. As a consequence, there has been a rise in secondary pests on rose plants, including in particular the citrus mealybug Planococcus citri (Risso). On cut flowerrose farms in Kenya, the presence of the predatory midge Diadiplosis megalamellae (Barnes) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) was observed. Therefore, a survey...
Degradation assessment of wetlands under different uses: implications on soil quality and productivity
January 2019
The assessment of degradation status of wetland soils under five different land use types (LUTs) in Ogun state, Nigeria were studied. The laboratory study was conducted to determine the physical, chemical and biological properties of these wetlands and the results obtained were compared with the food and agriculture organization (FAO) standard indicators and criteria for land degradation assessment. The textural...
Review on bio-intensive management of African bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hub.): Botanicals and semiochemicals perspectives
January 2019
African bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner), is a serious pest of cereals, sorghum, cotton, pepper, maize, sunflower, flax and niger. To control this insect pest, doses of insecticides have been used. The use of indiscriminate synthetic insecticides causes adverse effect like environmental pollution, human and animal health hazards, and development of pesticide resistance. To alleviate these bottleneck...
Malt barley commercialization through contract farming scheme: A systematic review of experiences and prospects in Ethiopia
December 2018
In Ethiopia, smallholder commercialization and integration into the market has been one of the policy directions. Though Ethiopia managed to raise economic growth recently, there is languished pace of agricultural commercialization. This study investigates malt barley commercialization process through contract farming scheme, and its experience, effect and prospects in Ethiopia. A systematic review system was employed....
A glance at Mozambican dairy research
December 2018
The Mozambican dairy industry landscape is not well known because the research about it presents numerous inconsistencies which are possibly due to miscommunication between scholars, entrepreneurs, the government and other actors, besides major events such as the civil war and policy changes and overall lack of coordination. This study aimed to catalog and relates the major studies and findings in Mozambican dairy...
Host preference and performance of cabbage aphid Brevicoryne brassicae L. (Homoptera: Aphididae) on four different brassica species
December 2018
Host preference and performance of cabbage aphid Brevicoryne brassicae were studied on seven brassica varieties under Greenhouse. Nymphs, apterous and alate aphids were significantly different on day three and day 15 among tested varieties. Higher total number of aphids per plant was recorded on Brassica carinata and lower on Brassica oleracea. Alates of B. brassicae preferred more to feed and reproduce on B. carinata...
Evaluation of improved chickpea varieties for resistance to Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum) under field condition in sick plot
December 2018
Chickpea Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp ciceris is a devastating disease of chickpea in Ethiopia. This study was done to evaluate the resistance of the improved chickpea varieties to fusarium wilt disease. About nine kabuli and ten desi types including one JG-62 differential were evaluated in RCBD Design with three replications in Debre Zeit sick plot in 2017. Results of the study showed that there are...
Grass production Tifton 85 and nutrient extraction with swine wastewater doses
December 2018
Swine wastewater (SW) is considered as a source of nutrients for agriculture. The quantities and frequencies applied may vary according to the soil class, the nature and composition of the waste, the climatic conditions and the cultivated plant species. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of application of five Swine wastewater doses (0, 500, 1000, 2000 and 2500 m³ ha-1) in the production of...
Variability of morpho-metric traits and oleaginous biofuel potential of Jatropha curcas L. (Euphorbiaceae) seeds in Burkina Faso
December 2018
In the recent decades, Jatropha curcas has received attention as a potential source of bio fuel production in many West African countries. To detect performant accessions for improvement and breeding programmes, the degree of variability of morphological traits and oil content of seeds in a large range of accessions were assessed in this study. The morphological traits and oil content of seed of 40 accessions of J....
Evaluation of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes for resistance against stem rust (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici) diseases at seedling and adult stages
December 2018
Bread wheat is the most important food crops among cereals cultivated in the world and consume in various diets. However, the production of bread wheat majorly affected by fungal diseases especially rust diseases. Of the rust diseases, stem rust is the most destructive due to the frequent emerging of new races of the pathogen. The field experiment was conducted at Kulumsa Agricultural Research Debre Zeyit sub-center...
Physiologically meaningful moisture content determination for Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa Bonpl.) seeds
December 2018
Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa Bonpl.; Lecythidaceae) seeds are large, and the oily embryo (edible part) is covered by a thick, woody seed coat. Difficulties in seed storage may be due to desiccation sensitivity of the seeds, and prior variable results may be related to procedures for seed moisture content (MC) determination. This study first compared 3 methods of preparation of whole seeds, prior to MC determination:...
The efficacy of jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.) seed cake as an organic fertilizer
December 2018
Studies to evaluate the efficacy of Jatropha curcas L. (Jatropha) seed cake as an organic fertilizer were carried out at Bunda College of Agriculture during the 2010/2011 growing season using an on-station experiment. The major objective was to evaluate the efficacy of Jatropha seed cake as an organic fertiliser. The field experiment was laid in a 3 × 3 design with 3 levels of Jatropha (0, 92 and 184 kg N/ha...
Phytochemicals (phenolic acids, flavonoids, and alkaloids) contribution to the feeding value of mulberry (Morus spp.) for rabbits
December 2018
The feeding value of mulberry leaves for rabbits was quantitatively evaluated based on a single-factor design with five levels in diets (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20%). Results showed that rabbits given mulberry at 20 and 15% had a relatively lower body weight gain, higher feed conversion ratio, and lower meat ether extract contents than that in the 0% group (P < 0.05). Increased activities of antioxidant enzymes and reduced...
Proximate, physical and chemical composition of leaves and seeds of Moringa (Moringa oleifera) from Central Malawi: A potential for increasing animal food supply in the 21st century
December 2018
The nutritive composition of Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves and seeds were evaluated for their possible inclusion in livestock feed formulation because of the limited availability of conventional protein concentrates like soybean (Glycine max) seeds. Moringa seeds contained 50.70 g kernels and 19.03 g hulls per 100 seeds representing 72.71 and 27.29% as a fraction of the whole seed, respectively. The 100 seeds...
Gender differences in the use of plant health information services: A case of plant clinics under Plantwise Program in Kenya
December 2018
A total of 8,699 female and 12,928 male farmers visited plant clinics in Kenya between 2012 and 2016. The lower clinic attendance by women farmers indicates they may lack information on plant health problems. This study aimed to understand the environment plant clinics operate in, identify the reasons for low clinic attendance by women, and possible strategies to reach more female farmers. Stratified random sampling was...
Factors influencing commercialization of sweet potato in Mosocho Subcounty, Kenya
December 2018
Sweet potato is a traditional crop grown in most parts of Kenya. In Nyanza Region, Kisii County and Mosocho sub-county in particular are major producers of the crop. However, only less than half of the produce is marketed and the growers are largely poverty stricken. This paper investigates why so little of the produce is marketed. Using primary data collected from a survey of 108 farmers in Mosocho, the study estimates...
A research on the determination of productivity levels of tomato grown areas
December 2018
The research was conducted in tomato-growing lands of Lâpseki, Ezine, Bayramiç and Central districts of Çanakkale province, Turkey. The aim of the study is to check the suitability of the field for tomato farming and to produce a solution if there is a problem. Disturbed soil samples were taken from 114 points with certain coordinates, at a depth of 0 to 30 cm, and analyses were performed. In the...
Quality of clonal plantlets of Coffea canephora Pierre ex A. Froehner produced using coffee husk in the substrate
December 2018
Coffee husk is a residue produced during the fruit processing and it is an excellent source of organic matter. It is an interesting alternative that can be used in the formation of the substrate to plantlet production, but the proportion to be recommended is still unknown. In this context, this experiment was conducted with the objective to study the growth, quality and gas exchange rates of clonal plantlets of Conilon...
Farmer-based dynamics in tissue culture banana technology adoption: a socio-economic perspective among small holder farmers in Uganda
December 2018
The rates at which tissue-culture banana technology at smallholder farmer level in Uganda are adopted have reduced since the late 1990s. The study assessed the socio-economic factors influencing adoption of this technology by smallholder farmers. A survey on 280 smallholder farmers sampled from Western Uganda was conducted and responses were subjected to principal component analyses. There are evidences of very low...
Fertilizer source influence on antioxidant activity of lettuce
December 2018
Consumers are increasingly aware and concerned about their health and therefore demanding for more healthy and nutritious food. Thus, the demand for organic foods has increased recently. Thus the aim of this study was to compare the antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of lettuce produced in organic and conventional systems. The antioxidant activity of ethanol extracts was determined by the DPPH and FRAP...
Identification of sequence-characterized amplified regions (SCARs) markers linking resistance to powdery mildew in chilli pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)
December 2018
Powdery mildew disease in chilli pepper caused by Leveillula taurica has been affecting chilli pepper grown in greenhouse and open fields. Inheritance of powdery mildew disease resistance is complex and least understood. In the present study, we identified SCAR markers using F2 mapping populations developed from a cross between a resistant parental line ‘Odisha Local' and a parental line susceptible to powdery...
Genetic variability in agronomic traits and associations in sorghum [(Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench)] genotypes at intermediate agro-ecology sorghum growing areas of Ethiopia
December 2018
The present study consists of 14 sorghum genotypes evaluated at Bako, Jimma and Mechara research centers to study genetic variability and interrelationships of traits with grain yield. The experiment was conducted by using randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications during 2014 and 2015 main rainy season. Data on important agronomic traits were collected. The combined analysis of variance (ANOVA)...
Genetic variability of some yield and yield related traits in recombinant inbred lines of tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter] at Laelay Maichew District, Northern Ethiopia
December 2018
Tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter] is a tetraploid almanac plant which belongs to the grass family, Poaceae and plays a vital role in the Ethiopian national food. In this study, thirty-four F2 derived F7 recombinant tef inbred lines, two standard (Kora and Quncho) and one local checks were field evaluated for genetic variability in grain yield and yield related characters at Axum Agricultural Research Center in 2014...
Priming of Urochloa brizantha cv. Xaraés seeds
December 2018
Priming is one of the several physiological methods used to increase the performance of seeds. To evaluate the effects of priming, seeds of Urochloa brizantha cv. Xaraés were primed under different osmotic potentials (ys = 0.0; -0.5; -1.0 and -1.5 MPa) and temperatures (15 and 25°C) for 24, 48, 96 and 144 h. The germination percentage and germination speed index were evaluated, in a completely randomized...
Economic and operational analysis of tomato mechanized harvesting systems for industrial processing
December 2018
The determination of the cost of agricultural production is an important tool for controlling and managing productive activities and generating information to support decision-making. The objective of this work was to make technical and economic evaluations of three mechanized tomato harvesting systems for industrial processing through the study of times, movements and the determination of operational costs. The...
Constraints to private seed sector development in Ethiopia: A case study
November 2018
The purpose of this assessment was to identify, analyse and document major policies, laws, regulations, administrative practices, governance and institutional setups that constrained private seed sector investment in Ethiopia and identify evidence based alternative solutions to improve the supply of certified seed to small holder farmers and livelihoods in the country. The study was conducted in 2017 in Oromia, Amhara,...
Structural and productive characteristics of Cowpea (Vigna ungiculata) under different water availabilities
November 2018
The cowpea has stood out on the national scene, opening up new perspectives and applications of a more suitable management to ensure quality product. Therefore, it is important to know the responsiveness to the levels of deficit and excess water in the soil. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the initial development of cowpea plants subjected to different soil water availabilities. The experiment was...
The use of plant extracts in anthracnose control in species of Helconia (Heliconia psittacorum cv. Golden Torch and Heliconia rostrata)
November 2018
The objective of the present study was to assess the anti-fungal activity of medicinal plant extracts on inhibition of Colletotrichum gloesporioides mycelial growth, sporulation and germination and on anthracnose control in Heliconia psitacorum cv. Golden Torch and Heliconia rostrata. Extracts of garlic, lemon grass, cinnamon, lemon balm, eucalyptus, ginger, mint, bitter melon and black pepper were used. The, mycelial...
Introduction of the Sub1 gene into the Russian rice varieties using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods
November 2018
Selection done using molecular markers has spread to all types of agricultural plants and animals. Marker assisted selection (MAS) is safe for ecology and food products consumed. The purpose of the study is to develop Sub1A gene (which determines tolerance to prolonged flooding) in the Russian rice varieties using DNA-markers and Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. A large volume of pre-breeding rice material...
Screening of allelopathic activity of common weed species occurring in agricultural fields
November 2018
The investigation of allelopathic effects of different plant species is important to prevent serious crop losses that would arise. The usage of such materials as mulch, cover crops or residues will be useful to implement in integrated weed management strategies of agricultural fields. Therefore, this study was conducted to screen the allelopathic effect of selected plant species using seedlings growth of lettuce...
Comparative assessment of the fumigant action of volatile oils from three garlic cultivars on faba bean beetle Bruchidius incarnatus (Boh.)
November 2018
The study aims to assess the insecticidal activity, oviposition inhibitory and ovicidal effects of volatile oils from different garlic cultivars on faba bean beetle, Bruchidius incarnatus (Boh.) (Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae). The oils were tested at various concentrations and time intervals. Results showed that all volatile oils caused significant mortality to the test insects. The effects were time and dose-related....
Pre-inoculation of soybean seeds: Effects on survival of Bradyrhizobium elkanii, nodulation and crop yield
November 2018
Pre-inoculation of soybean seeds with Bradyrhizobium spp. associated with polymers could be an alternative to the conventional inoculation performed at the day of sowing. The objectives of this study were i) to determine whether the HiCoat® technology (peat inoculant + liquid inoculant + polymer) allows the survival of B. elkanii after storage of the inoculated seeds, and ii) to evaluate whether the...
Effectiveness of combining certain biotechnical methods with thymol treatment against Varroa destructor infestation
November 2018
In this study, the effectiveness of combining various biotechnical methods with thymol was investigated against the mite, Varroa destructor during late summer. Experimental colonies were randomly selected and six study groups were formed with nine colonies in each group. Experimental colonies were created as follows: colonies of renewed queen bees (RQ); colonies in which the queen is trapped on one comb, but worker bees...
Page 18 of 138, showing 50 records out of 6863 total, starting on record 851, ending on 900
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