Pod quality of snap bean as affected by Nitrogen fixation, cultivar and climate zone under dryland agriculture
August 2015
Snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is one of the major vegetable crops in Ethiopia grown for export and local markets. The crop is mainly produced during the dry season under irrigation. Snap bean has higher price than other vegetables in local markets in Ethiopia; however, the high cost of production under irrigation restricts the majority of local farmers from taking this opportunity. The main objective of this...
Nitrogen availability modulating the growth of improved genotypes of Coffea canephora
August 2015
Studies quantifying the effect of the nitrogen over the growth of genotypes of Conilon coffee contribute to improve the fertilization management. Thus, this study was developed to evaluate the growth of improved genotypes of Coffea canephora Pierre ex Froehner submitted to nitrogen fertilization. Six improved genotypes of C. canephora, from different groups of ripening cycles, were grown without nitrogen fertilization...
Genetic divergence of corn cultivars in relation to grain productivity, crude protein content and amino acid profile
August 2015
The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic variability among early-maturing and extremely early-maturing corn cultivars in relation to grain productivity, crude protein content and amino acid profile to obtain future crosses of cultivars with improved nutritional characteristics. Data from two experiments, which were both conducted in randomized block design and three replicates. Thirty-six early-maturing and...
Seeds germination and early development of beggartick on extracted soil solution from an area with cover crops
August 2015
Plants produce and store many products of secondary metabolism that are released into the environment and can influence direct or indirectly on nearby organisms. Thus, this study investigated the allelopathic potential of extracted soil solution from an area with cover crops according to germination and early development of beggartick. Soil solution was extracted in an area where black oats, turnip and hairy vetch were...
Lead (Pb) and Cadmium (Cd) levels in fresh and smoke-dried grasscutter (Thryonomys swinderianus Temminck) meat
August 2015
Muscle, liver and kidney of wild and domesticated grasscutters were analyzed in order to determine the Lead (Pb) and Cadmium (Cd) concentrations. Meat samples were obtained from four different origin. A total of twenty-four (24) samples were used. An atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) was used for the analysis after wet digestion of the samples with 1:3 Perchloric acid and Nitric acid. Data obtained were...
Farmer perceptions on the use of non-conventional animal protein sources for scavenging chickens in semi-arid environments
August 2015
For sustainable intensification of village production systems, it is important to understand the views of farmers who keep the chickens on the utilization of available protein sources. The objective of the study was to assess farmer perceptions on the use of non-conventional animal protein (NCAP) sources for scavenging chickens. Resource-poor households of Msinga local municipality in uMzinyathi district, KwaZulu-Natal...
Phosphorus availability from natural and soluble phosphate sources for irrigated corn production
August 2015
This research’s aims were to evaluate the mixture ratios of P fertilizers in irrigated corn yield in two seasons as well as evaluate the capacity of Resin and Mehlich 1 extractors to predict the P availability under field conditions in two soils: Hapludults and Oxisol. In the first crop, the experimental design was randomized block with four replications where two P sources, Triple Superphosphate (TSP) and Daoui...
Agricultural characteristics and evaluation locations of sorghum plots with different eucalyptus arrangements
August 2015
The aim of the experiment was evaluate agronomic characteristics of grain sorghum plots, collected at different sites within four spatial arrangements of eucalyptus for the forest crop livestock integration system (iLPF). The work was implemented in the second crop in the agricultural year 2011-2012, after the soybean harvest in Uberlândia, Minas Gerais. For this, they were planted in areas adjacent seedlings of...
The impact of animals on crop yields in Malawian rural villages
July 2015
It is essential that the net effect of biodiversity on crop yields is determined; particularly in developing nations, where both increasing food security and reducing biodiversity losses are of high importance. This study modelled the abundance of pests, pollinators and pest-control animals and determined their impact on crop yield within agroecosystems in four rural villages in Malawi. Data on the habitat area,...
Physiological mechanisms of drought tolerance in sorghum, genetic basis and breeding methods: A review
July 2015
Sorghum is grown in semi-arid to arid regions of the world and serves as the staple food for about half a billion people in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia. The adaptation of grain sorghum to a wide range of environmental conditions has led to the evolution and existence of extensive genetic variation for drought tolerance. Consequently, sorghum is expected to play an increasingly important role in agriculture and meeting...
Genetic diversity of traditional genotypes of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in Algeria by pheno-morphological and agronomic traits
July 2015
Barley ranks third after durum and bread wheat grain production in Algeria. In this study, genetic diversity of twenty nine traditional genotypes of barley was assessed using twenty seven pheno-morphological and agronomic traits in presence of four controls. Very high significant differences were found between genotypes for all quantitative characters statistically analyzed, indicating existence of a great variability...
Characterization of accidents involving tractors in Brazilian federal highways in the state of Minas Gerais
July 2015
Minas Gerais state has the largest road network within Brazil on which thousands of vehicles travel daily. Due the increasing in the number of tractors in Brazil, traffic incidents may have also increased. Therefore, the present work aimed to characterize accidents involving tractors in Minas Gerais federal highways through the following indicators, event type, crash causes, time of the day in which the episode...
Anaerobic biodigestion in Indian batch-type biodigester, using poultry litter as substrate for the production of biogas
July 2015
Poultry litter is being produced in large quantities due to the accelerating growth of the broiler industry in recent years, which implies a greater energy dependence and cost of these systems. This study seeks to evaluate the capacity of an anaerobic batch biodigester to produce biogas from poultry litter. To this end, three tests were conducted: 1st: Poultry Litter + Water - [PL + W]1, 2nd: Poultry Litter + Water -...
Applying of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) on postharvest ‘Nam Dok Mai No.4’ mango fruits delay ripening and maintain quality
July 2015
The aim of this study was to evaluate the concentrations of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a nitric oxide donor, on postharvest ripening and quality of mango fruit cv. Nam Dok Mai No.4. The fruits were dipped in 1 or 2 mM of SNP solution for 30 min while control fruits were dipped in tap water for 30 min. After treatment, all fruits were stored for 18 days at 13°C and RH 90%. Both SNP doses showed significantly reduced...
Physiological responses of Medicago truncatula growth under prolonged hypoxia stress
July 2015
Flooding is an important environmental factor restricting plant growth and productivity throughout the world. Growth, organic solute accumulation and proteolytic activity of Medicago truncatula were determined in hydroponically grown plants exposed to hypoxia during 30, 45 and 60 days. Obtained results showed that hypoxia until 45 days have no significant impact on the dry matter production. However, after 60 days of...
Stability and genetic divergence study of single cross hybrids in maize (Zea mays L.)
July 2015
A study of stability and genetic divergence was carried out on 22 experimental maize hybrids for 3 years, at the Maize Breeding Research Station, Poonch, India, to evaluate potential crosses particularly for double cross hybrid with a view that well developed single cross hybrids represent an interesting potential base population for double cross hybrid, as they have high and stable yield and desirable agronomic...
Estimation of orange yield in citrus orchard based on digital photography
July 2015
The citriculture is an activity that has relevance in the Brazilian agribusiness. Many researchers have sought to develop methods for oranges yield estimation, however few are simple and accurate. Thus, the aim of this work is to develop a practical method to estimate number of fruits and fruit´s mass per plant of sweet orange cv. “Valência” [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck] orange grafted on...
Energy potential of poultry litter for the production of biogas
July 2015
Poultry litter, a waste product from broiler farming, can be transformed into biogas when subjected to anaerobic biodigestion. This study proposes to evaluate the potential of poultry litter for energy generation in order to meet the energy demands of the poultry production chain in the southwest region of the state of Parana - Brazil, when used as a substrate for the production of biogas. Based on the volumes of biogas...
Stomatal density and distribution in different cassava genotypes
July 2015
This study aimed to establish the anatomical characteristics, and to determine the density, size and distribution of stomata in the abaxial surface of leaves of different cassava genotypes. The apical, middle and basal portions of fully expanded leaves of genotypes Baianinha, Caapora, Fécula Branca, IAC 12, IAC 13, IAC 14, IAC 15, IAC 576, IAC 90 and IAPAR União were analyzed. The design was completely...
Estimation of growth parameters in fingerlings of Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822) fed with exogenous nutrizyme in Tarai region of Uttarakhand, India
July 2015
Biotechnological research and development are moving at a very fast pace. The application of biotechnology in the fisheries sector is a neoteric practice. Nevertheless, it is a promising area to enhance fish production. Efficacy of exogenous nutrizymes in fish feed is being reinvestigated in the present time. A feeding experiment of 90 days was conducted to assess the efficacy of exogenous nutrizyme supplement diet on...
Evaluation the Adaptability of Dessert Banana Cultivars at Belese Valley, North Western Ethiopia
July 2015
Eleven dessert banana cultivars were evaluated on vertisols at Pawe for four consecutive cropping cycles. The experiment was established using a randomized complete block design with three replications and analysis of variance and correlation were carried out to examine the yield and morphological adaptation of yield related characters of the cultivars. The cultivars in the study showed a significant difference (p...
The role of slope and parent material in the formation of landform
July 2015
In this research, landform classification was performed based on the simple method developed by Weise, who used topographic position index (TPI) to classify the landform. TPI compares the elevation of each cell in a digital elevation model (DEM) to the mean elevation of a specified neighborhood around that cell. It can be calculated by a simple formula in different scales. After preparing landform map of the study area,...
Evaluation of Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) varieties against chocolate spot (Botrytis fabae) in North Gondar, Ethiopia
July 2015
Faba bean (Vicia fabae L.) is one of the earliest domesticated food legumes in the world, probably in the late Neolithic period. The crop is also called by several local names (broad bean, horse bean and field bean). The wild progenitor and the exact origin of faba bean still remain unknown. Cultivated faba bean is mainly used as human food in developing and as animal feed in industrialized countries. The objective of...
Effects of piggery waste doses and modes of application in the early development of maize plants
July 2015
The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different doses and modes of application of piggery waste in the early development of maize plants. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse using a randomized block experimental design, with treatments arranged in a 6x2 experimental scheme. Factors consisted of six doses of piggery waste (0, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 m-3 ha-1) and two modes of application...
Determinants of farm-level decisions regarding cereal crops and varieties in semi-arid central Tanzania
July 2015
We assess the potential and constraints of increased sorghum and pearl millet production to enhance food security and livelihoods in central Tanzania. These dryland cereals show a high potential to contribute to local food security. The study employed structured questionnaire survey as the main data collection method. Data analysis involved the use of Multinomial logit model (MNL) in combination with other...
Production of Pouteria gardneriana (A. DC.) Radlk. seedlings on different substrates
July 2015
The aim of this study was to evaluate growth characteristics, nutrition and seedling quality of guapeva produced on different substrates. The substrates used here included MecPlant®+rice husk (RH), fine vermiculite+subsoil+decomposed corn silage (FV+SB+DCS), and subsoil coarse sand composted cattle manure (SB+CS+CCM) at the ratios 7:3, 3:1:6, and 2:2:1, respectively, and FV+SB+RH at ratios 2:2:1 and 1:1:1;...
Accuracy of linear methods to estimate the leaf area of genotypes of conilon coffee
July 2015
This study aimed to establish models of equations to estimate leaf area in genotypes of Coffea canephora Pierre ex Froehner var. Conilon using linear measurements of mature leaves as input, and compare its accuracy with other methods that have been used for Coffee sp. Linear measurement of leaves of13 genotypes of Coffea canephora Pierre ex Froehner, cultivated in field following a randomized blocks design, were...
Physiological quality of yellow passion fruit seed produced under saline water, NPK and bovine biofertilizer
July 2015
Brazil is the largest producer of passion fruit, having the Northeast region as the main producing region, where orchards are formed almost exclusively from seed. This work aimed to evaluate the influence of different qualities of water and four levels of liquid manure applied to the soil in the absence and presence of mineral NPK fertiliser on the physiological attributes of yellow passion fruit seeds. The seeds were...
The first anatomical and histochemical study of tough lovegrass (Eragrostis plana Nees, Poaceae)
July 2015
Eragrostis plana Nees (Poaceae), known commonly as tough lovegrass, is the most abundant invasive plant found in the rangelands of Southern Brazil. This study is the first to document the anatomical and histochemical features of the leaves and roots of this grass. Five leaf blades and five roots were collected, fixed in formaldehyde, glacial acetic acid, ethanol 70° (FAA 70), sectioned, stained, and photographed...
Evaluating the relative resistance of different poultry breeds to Salmonella Typhimurium
July 2015
Salmonella infections originating from poultry are one of the major causes of food-borne diseases. To control Salmonella in poultry multifactorial approach is likely to be effective, and genetic resistance of poultry breeds to Salmonella infections may have valuable contribution. Experimental research was conducted to evaluate relative resistance of poultry breeds: Local, Fayoumi and Koekoek to Salmonella Typhimurium...
Forecast of prices for horticultural products with the use of artificial neural networks
July 2015
Artificial neural networks (ANN) are becoming increasingly popular, acting as a very important tool to aid in the interpretation of the market. They have been used with benefits in time series analysis, as they provide an easy mathematical treatment and faster results, facilitating decision-making. Currently in the field of business, many systems using neural networks have worked well in identifying complex patterns,...
Assessment of seed genetic purity of hybrid maize variety UH6303 in southern highlands of Tanzania by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers
July 2015
One of the main features that give high quality to seeds is its genetic purity. Up to date, seed certification for genetic purity using molecular markers has not yet employed in seed certification system in Tanzania. This work was carried out to assess the seed genetic purity of hybrid maize UH6303 using random amplified polymorphic DNA markers. Hybrids UH6303 and their parental lines (47 genotypes) were used in this...
Evaluation of insolvency in mutual credit unions by application of the data mining using decision trees approach
July 2015
This study aimed to present an evaluation of the insolvency of mutual credit unions in the Paraná State (Brazil) by application of the data mining using decision trees approach. The information required to build the models were obtained from indicators applied to a sample of 62 mutual credit unions from which 31 are solvent and 31 are insolvent. The selection of indicators was made based on the PEARLS system,...
Analysis of farmers’ valuation of common bean attributes and preference heterogeneity under environmental stresses of Kenya
July 2015
This study uses a choice experiment method to quantify farmers’ valuation of key bean variety attributes under different climatic conditions of Kenya and assess their willingness to pay or accept for changes in those attributes. The study also tests for the gender related heterogeneity in attribute preferences at individual and household level while accounting for differences in production scenarios to understand...
Prediction model for fresh fruit yield in aromatic peppers (Capsicum annuum L.)
July 2015
Information on functional relationships among yield components will enhance research efforts in breeding for high yield in aromatic peppers. The aim of this study was to develop models for predicting fresh fruit yield in aromatic Capsicum annuum through multiple linear regression analyses. Ten genotypes of aromatic pepper were evaluated for three years in the Faculty of Agriculture farm, University of Nigeria Nsukka in...
Knowledge level of youth farmers on climate change in Benue State of Nigeria
July 2015
This study examines the knowledge of youth farmers in Benue State of Nigeria on climate change. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 120 respondents from two agricultural zones in the study area. Data was collected using interview schedule. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used in data analysis. Results show that majority (92.4%) of the respondents had moderate knowledge of climate change, major...
The effects of tillage methods and intercropping on soil water characteristics, growth and grain yield of maize (Zea mays L.) and groundnut (Arachis hypogaea, L.) on an alfisol in South West, Nigeria
July 2015
A two-year study was conducted on an Alfisol in the humid tropics of southwest Nigeria to investigate the effects of tillage and intercropping on soil water characteristics, performance of maize (Zea mays L.) and groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.). The experiment was a split-plot design with tillage methods as the main plot and intercropping as the sub-plots in a completely randomized design with four replications. Tillage...
Drying and reduction in sensitivity to desiccation of Campomanesia xanthocarpa seeds
July 2015
The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of sensitivity to desiccation of Campomanesia xanthocarpa seeds and reduce it by using polyethylene glycol (PEG) and abscisic acid (ABA) to maintain viability. In experiment I, the seeds were desiccated to 35, 30, 25, 20, 15, 10, and 5 ± 2% moisture content by using silica gel (fast drying) and by drying them at room conditions (slow drying; 25 ± 2°C and...
Response of soil test crop response (STCR) approach as an optimizing plant nutrient supply on yield and quality of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)
July 2015
The field experiment was carried out in 2013 to 2014 rainy season at the Main Agricultural Research Station, UAS, Raichur, India to study the response of soil test crop response (STCR) approach on the yield and quality of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). The experiment was laid out by Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) design with three replications. The analysis of variance revealed that the application of...
Heterosis and leaf curl virus resistance in rainy season tomato under North Indian conditions
July 2015
Purpose of this study was to identify heterotic hybrids of tomato resistant to leaf curl virus disease. Eleven parental lines and their 55 one-way F1 crosses produced in a diallel mating design were evaluated for fruit yield, fruit quality, tomato leaf curl virus (TLCV) resistance and other important traits at Research Farm of the Department of Vegetable Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana (India)...
Poverty experienced by crop farmers in crude oil polluted areas of Rivers State, Nigeria using socio-economic variables
July 2015
Poverty experienced by crop farmers’ households in crude oil polluted areas of Rivers State, Nigeria was determined using socio-economic variables. Data were collected by multistage sampling technique and a total of 296 questionnaires were analysed. Results of crop farming experience showed that there was higher level of incidence of poverty (P0 = 63.8%) among crude oil polluted crop farmer households as compared...
Levels and phases of defoliation affect biomass production of pearl millet ADR 300
July 2015
The aim of this study was to assess biomass production of pearl millet as a function of levels and phases of defoliation. The experiment was carried out in a protected environment at the Fazenda União experimental farm in the municipality of Nova Xavantina, MT, Brazil, in 8 dm3 capacity pots in soil classified as dystrophic red Latosol. The experimental design used was randomized blocks in a 5 × 3 + 1...
Seasonal diet preference of cattle, sheep and goats grazing on the communal grazing rangeland in the Central District of Botswana
July 2015
Diet composition, forage preference and diet overlap among of goats, sheep and cattle grazing on communal rangeland in the Central District of Botswana were evaluated to determine the potential for forage competition to provide better ideas for managing these rangelands. Diets and forage preference were determined through microhistological faecal analysis. Animal faeces and reference plant material of the study area...
Determinants of intensity of market participation among banana traders in western Kenya
July 2015
Traders both wholesaler and retailers play a significant role in banana markets. In Kenya the banana market is not fully developed. This demands targeted studies to assess their performance. This study aims at examining banana traders’ intensity of participation in the markets and constraining factors. A survey was conducted in 2013 in four counties. One hundred and ninety traders were randomly selected...
Effect of deficit irrigation on yield and yield components of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) on Gezira clay soil, Sudan
July 2015
Sunflower has become an important crop for both farmers and consumers in Sudan. It is a crop that fits well in the local cropping system and is considered one of the most important oil crops of the country. Regular irrigation intervals could be reduced in order to increase total yield and maximize water productivity. In contrast prolonged irrigation intervals during sensitive growth stages may result in reduction in...
An interdisciplinary framework to study farmers’ decisions on adoption of innovation: Insights from Expected Utility Theory and Theory of Planned Behavior
July 2015
This study presented a conceptual framework based on Expected Utility Theory (EUT) and Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to study farmers’ decision on adoption of innovations. The framework explains the adoption decisions as a dynamic process, assuming a complex interaction of groups of variables coming from both theories. The combination of EUT and TPB overcomes some restrictions that arise when just one theory is...
Isolation and inoculation of diazotrophic bacteria in rice (Oryza sativa L.) grown in Vitoria da Conquista - BA
July 2015
With the aim of isolating and inoculating diazotrophics bacteria, which is an efficient biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) in rice in Vitoria da Conquista - Ba, the present study was carried out in three steps. In the experiment of inoculation of diazotrophics bacteria, BRS Tropical and BRS MG Curinga, inoculation with the strain of bacterium ZAE 94, absence of inoculation and four doses of N (0, 20, 60 and 100 kg ha-1)...
Effect of different sources of lipids in diet on the qualitative characteristics of Longissimus thoracis muscle of cattle finished in feedlots
July 2015
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of the dietary inclusion of lipid-based diets (whole cottonseed and protected fat) on the pH, meat color and fat, tenderness and cooking yield in Longissimus thoracis muscle of cattle feedlot. Were used 39 Nellore cattle uncastrated with average initial body weight of 494.1 ± 10.1 kg and 36 months of age were housed for 63 days in pens with thirteen animals...
Export quality surgical cotton from NE India
July 2015
Pesticide free premium quality surgical cotton with a competitive price advantage is available in the north eastern states dominating with Meghalaya, Assam, Mizoram, Tripura, in Jhum cultivation (Gossypium arboreum cernum) and north coastal Andhra Pradesh states, India (G. arboreum indicum) which are the natural home. G. arboreum Cvars LD 230 and RG-8 will be useful to grow commercially in north eastern India under...
Effect of silicon fertilization on mineral composition of rice under Typic Ustochrept soils
July 2015
A pot experiment was conducted in 2012 in the greenhouse of the Anand Agricultural University Anand Gujarat, India. Treatments were arranged in a factorial completely randomized complete design with silicon factor at four levels (0, 100, 200 and 300 ppm) with three replicates. Indian improved and high -yielding variety Gurajari was used. The Si application up to 200 mg kg-1 soil significantly increased grain and straw...
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