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Soil acidity is one of chemical soil degradation problems which affect productivity of the soil in Ethiopian highlands. The purpose of this research was to identify the status of soil acidity and determine the amount of lime requirement for neutralization to increase plant nutrient availability in Welmera woreda, Oromia region. More specifically the study pointed out statistically, the nutrient availability before and...
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Abstract A Field experiment was conducted at Zigau, Shira Local Government Area of Bauchi State to study the productivity of lowland rice as influenced by season and sowing method. Lowland rice variety FARO 44 (Sippi 692033) was used during the study. The treatments consisted of two seasons (dry and wet) and four different sowing methods (Transplanting, Dibbling, Drilling and Broadcasting). This gave eight treatment...
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Climate change is a threat to the environment as the whole and to agriculture in particular. It aggravates drought, pests, diseases, and other related environmental shocks and impacts the dimension of food security. This study has been depended on cross-sectional data that was collected from 155 sample households from November to December, 2016. Thus, the main objective of the study was to identify determinants of...
Fluctuation in Coffee Production and Implicatiion for Development in Noni Sub-Division
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Coffee cultivation is one of the main economic activity which is carried out by most farmers in some rural areas in Cameroon and is a major source of livelihood. Over the years, the prices of coffee in the world market have been descouraging. Using primary and secondary sources of data, focus group discussion, this study investigates coffee cultivation in the Noni Sub-Division from the 1990s to 2014. It also looks at the...
RESPONSE OF MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L) TO INTERMITTENT WATER APPLICATION UNDER TROPICAL SAVANNA CONDITION
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Tropical regions usually experience intermittent rainfall and this affects maize production in most tropical countries where irrigation facilities are inadequate. The pot experiment was conducted at the School of agriculture Teaching and research Farm, University of cape Coast, to investigate the effect of intermittent water application on maize growth and yield parameters. A randomized complete block design was used with...
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Smallholder irrigation farming is transformative to poor households as they improve livelihoods and alleviate poverty but little has been done to quantify their profitability. This present study assessed the profitability of smallholder irrigated crop farmers in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa and ascertained their profitability determinants. A multi-stratified technique was employed to select a total of 200...
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The Pink Disease is caused by the fungus Erythricium salmonicolor (Berk & Broome) Burdsall. It attacks broad hosts such as cocoa, coffee, citrus Eucalyptus spp. and Acasia spp. An outbreak of similar disease symptoms on cocoa trees in the Eastern region of Ghana has been a threat to the cocoa industry. The causal organism of the disease in the Eastern region has not been properly identified. A study was therefore conducted...
Evaluation of Sapindus saponaria leaf extract against papaya anthracnose
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Chemical fungicides provide primary means for controlling postharvest fungal decay of fruit and vegetables. Continuous use of fungicides faces two major obstacles — increasing public concern regarding contamination of perishables with fungicidal residues, and proliferation of resistance in the pathogen populations. Recently, the exploitation of natural products to control decay and prolong storage life of perishables has...
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Abstract Access to irrigation is believed to be the major intervention area to pull net poor farm households out of poverty, though significant improvements were not recorded amid government’s concentrated efforts towards it. This study aims to evaluate the impact of irrigation farming on rural households’ production efficiency and poverty reduction in East Gojjam zone of Amhara region, Ethiopia using rigorous...
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The research was conducted to determine the effect of various inclusion level of enzyme supplemented rumen digesta in broiler diets. A total of one hundred and eighty (180) day old un-sexed cobbs from Zatec were used for the study. The chicks were randomly allocated into five (5) dietary treatment groups of thirty six (36) birds per treatment and replicated four times with nine (9) birds per replicate in a Completely...
Glyphosate associated with micronutrients in weed control and yield of soybeans and corn
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Increased productivity, cost reduction and improvement in logistic application makes the association product with glyphosate is an increasingly common practice for farmers. The objective was to investigate the grain yield and weed control in response to application of glyphosate and micronutrients mixed in the spray solution in different cultivars of soybean and corn hybrids. Two experiments were carried in the 2011/2012...
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This study compared the gains obtained using different indexes of selection in segregating populations of soybean. A total of 381 progenies were evaluated in 28 augmented Federer blocks. Parameters evaluated: number of days to flowering, number of days to maturity, first pod height, plant height at maturity, lodging, agronomic value, number of branches, number of nodes, number of pods and grain yield per plant. Selection...
Effect of different potassium levels on performance of maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids
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An experiment was conducted at Agronomy Research Farm of The University of Agriculture Peshawar during summer 2016. Hybrids (WS-666, SB-92K97, and SB-909) and Potassium (K) levels (0, 40, 80, 120, and 160 kg ha-1) laid out in randomized complete block design with split plot arrangement. Hybrids were allotted to main plots and potassium levels to subplots. Sowing was performed on 10 July. Each experimental unit was 3m x...
Influence of meteorological parameters on spring bread wheat genotypes in Mazandaran (North of IRAN)
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This study was carried out to evaluated the effect of meteorological parameters data in five years on six wheat genotypes yield. These data were collected with yield of wheat in Biekola research station in 2011- 2016. Three methods were used to analyze the data. In combined analysis, obtained significant difference for years, genotypes and their interaction at 1% level. Morvarid and N-91-7 had the most yield in 2015-2016....
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Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] an important food crop in Ethiopia is ranked second for “injera†quality next to tef. However, the productivity of sorghum is constrained by many biotic and abiotic factors amongst striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth is the most specialized root-parasitic weed inflicting serious injury by depriving water, minerals and photosynthesis from the host. Striga hermonthica is becoming the...
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In the high lands of Ethiopia, weed causes considerable yield losses on wheat production due to absence of better management options for the producers. This also true, in the highlands of Guji Zone, Southern Oromia. Field experiment was conducted to study the effect of different Post-Emergence herbicides to Control wild oat and other grass weeds in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) at Bore Agricultural Research Center on...
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Poverty reduction in Ethiopia is one of the key priorities for sustainable development. In line with this, the government of Ethiopia has designed to undertake construction of irrigation dams from small-scale up to large-scale irrigation scheme so as to reduce the frequent drought, food insecurity and poverty problems. Koga large-scale irrigation is part of these initiatives for rural farmers and intended to achieve...
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Head Cabbage (Brassicae oleracea var. capitata Linnaeus) is one of the most important vegetable crops under cultivation throughout the world, especially in Africa including Ethiopia. Cabbage aphides (Brevicoryne brassicae L.) are sap sucking insect pests that damage head cabbages. Growers use synthetic chemicals to control cabbage aphids. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Azadirachta indicae (A.Juss),...
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Abstract Temperate fruits (Apple, Pear, Plum, Peach and Almond etc.) are deciduous fruit trees that grow well in temperate climate zones where most commercial varieties fulfill their required chilling temperature. Recently though, because of the low average temperatures, these crops are found to be grown well in the highlands of Ethiopia. Amongst the areas that have greater significance in this aspect is North Shewa zone,...
Adaptability Evaluation of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes at western Ethiopia.
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Fifteen common bean genotypes were tested at four environments with two management regimes of lime treated and lime untreated on acidic soils. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three replications during 2016/17cropping season. The combined analysis of variance over environments showed significant differences among Environments, Genotypes, Genotype x Environment interaction (GEI), Management, Genotype by...
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Currently, inorganic nitrogen fertilizer becomes a serious threat to the environment and human health. Thus, finding of alternate source of nitrogen is a viable option in assuring of sustainable agricultural system. Biological nitrogen fixation is a critical and key process in sustainable agricultural systems in tropical soils, which are frequently deficient in N and susceptible to leaching of plant nutrients. This process...
REALIZED HERITABILITY AND GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION IN CAMELINA SATIVA (L.) CRANTZ
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Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz is a drought and cold tolerant crop and has high amount of α-linolenic acid. But its full potential has not been explored yet because of little breeding work done for its genetic improvement. In present study, a moderate realized heritability (39%) was obtained for yield indicating that direct selection for yield could be effective for making improvement. Seed yield was also found to be...
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The study was conducted in the green houses of faculty of Agriculture\ University of wassit under protected agriculture conditions during the winter season 2013-2014, due to the environmental conditions of Wassit to know the possibility of cultivating and producing okra, studying perfect irrigation periods using drip irrigation technology. The period between an irrigation and another was 3-5-7 days, and studying the effect...
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Eurycoma longifolia is a potent remedy that has been traditionally used for male libido, sexual prowess and fertility improvement in South-East Asia. Conventional propagation via seed germination is the most common method of E. longifolia propagation and like other woody plants it is usually unsatisfactory because of low rate of seed germination. Therefore establishment of a tissue culture technique for rapid and effective...
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In order to study the effects of Barley washed out wastewater with different levels of inorganic fertilizers on growth, Yield and Yield Components of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), Pot experiment was conducted during February–July, 2014 under greenhouse condition at Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center. Factorial combination of five levels of irrigation water and four levels of NP fertilizers rate were used as...
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A split plot experiment with three replications on the bases of randomized complete block design was conducted in the research field of the university of Zanjan in 2013, to evaluate the effects of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) application rates as a NO donor (0, 100 and 200 µM) in improvement of growth and yield parameters of milk thistle under different times of withholding irrigation (Control, stem elongation stress and...
Ethiopian Dairy Sector Focusing on Ethiopian Traditional Butter: A Review
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Ethiopia is believed to have the largest cattle population in Africa. The total annual milk production from cattle has been estimated at 3.5 billion liters from 11.38 million milking cows. As a result, cows’ milk is the focus of milk processing in Ethiopia. In Ethiopia the base of milk processing is fermented milk (Ergo), with no defined starter cultures used to initiate it. In Ethiopia only 6.6% of the total milk...
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Abstract Faba bean (Vicia faba (L).); is one of the important legume crops of the world, mainly it is cash crop and used as nutritious human food in the developing countries. It is important source of nitrogen in the human diet and corrects the important amino acid deficiencies in cereals. It is considered too low in productivity and chocolate spot (Botrytis fabae), is one of the economically important fungal disease. Seed...
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In view to regulate the frequency in overstocked forest of Brazilian Pine, this study aimed to verify the morphometric indices and model of the interdimensional relations for Brazilian pine in South Brazil. The study was developed in three forest sites: Panel (PNL), São Joaquim (SJQ) and Urupema (URU). This study evaluated 70 individual trees in each forest site measured the circumference at breast height (CBH) and later...
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Majority of the households in Mali depend on rain-fed agriculture for their food production. However, over reliance on rain-fed agriculture limits the production output due to unreliable rainfall and drought. To mitigate this, the government of Mali has invested in rehabilitation of irrigation schemes to reduce dependence on rainfall. Through adoption of appropriate irrigation technologies and improved agronomic management...
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The study assessed women involvement in cassava based agricultural transformation in Nwangele Area and discussed emerging issues for gender generation studies in Imo State, Nigeria. The study described the women farmers’ socio-economic characteristics, ascertained cassava production activities among farmers, assessed costs and returns on cassava production. The study also determined constraints to women involvement in...
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Sunflower has a broad value chain, which makes it an important crop in South Africa’s agribusiness sector. The purpose of this study is to examine market participation among smallholder sunflower farmers of Sekhukhune District, Limpopo Province South Africa. To analyse data logistic Regression Model was used. The objectives of the study were to analyse the socio-economic factors that affect market participation of...
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This research was aimed to investigate the effect of sowing date and irrigation regimes on phytochemical attributes of guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) seed. The study was conducted in a split-split plot randomized block design includes two sowing date (15th and 30th July), 4 irrigation regimes and 3 genotypes with three replication for two seasons (2015 and 2016). The seeds were harvested and ethanolic extraction were...
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The study was survey aimed at assessing pesticide application practices and sprayer types adopted by cocoa farmers in South West Nigeria towards ensuring minimum pesticide usage and appropriate choice of sprayer for different farm operation for sustainable cocoa production in the study area. It specifically examined the application practices, choice of sprayer, determination of pesticide concentration, time of spraying,...
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ABSTRACT The study analyzed efficiency of latex production and labour productivity in rubber plantations in Edo and Delta States, Nigeria. The specific objectives were to examine socio- economic characteristics of rubber farmers, determine the profitability of latex production and ; determine the technical efficiency of factors employed in latex production. Primary data were collected from 300 rubber farmers using a multi...
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Antibacterial activities of a mixture of three plant extracts (Vangueria infausta, Peltophorum africanum and Eucalyptus globulus) were first evaluated using disc diffusion assay. Fermentation of two doses of the plant extract mixture (PE1and PE2; 0.3 and 0.6 g kg–1 of feed, respectively) were then compared in vitro with non-supplemented dairy cow’s basal diet and basal diet plus monensin (32 mg kg–1 of feed). Gas...
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Cerrado biome is characterized by acid soils which can limit productivity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the residual effect of the application of lime and gypsum on soil chemical properties under two managements systems. The experimental design was randomized blocks with a split-plot design. The plots received levels of conventional and no-tillage management system factors. Subplots received applications of...
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Abstract The compatibility analysis in intercropping is an important aspect while studying field crops to increase productivity per unit area. However, the lack of information on intercropping compatibility forces a user to employ the varieties developed only for sole cropping conditions. This study estimated the relative importance of general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) in advanced inbred...
Effect of harvesting times on agronomic characteristics of industrial cassava genotypes
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Cassava is widely cultivated in Brazil. However, low-yield genotypes coupled with inappropriate harvest times lead to the country's low average yield. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the agronomic characteristics of cassava genotypes at different harvest times in the Recôncavo region of Bahia. The experiment was conducted during two crop cycles in Cruz das Almas, Bahia, with eight cassava genotypes and four...
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Production of livestock has been low in Eastern Cape rural areas since rangelands have low quality forages to meet animal requirements during winter period. The evaluation of forage annual legumes as feed for livestock production in Eastern Cape, South Africa can reduce feed scarcity during the dry period as they are rich in protein and have great effect on intake and digestibility of livestock. The study evaluated the...
Forage grasses and shrubs in Opuntia humifusa invaded semi-arid grazing lands
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The objective of the study was to characterize forage species composition and abundance in rangeland invaded by Opuntia humifusa. The creeping cactus invaded about 7% and 13% of the cattle and sheep grazing areas. The affected rangeland had distinct zones of new invasion (NI) < 3 colonies, heavily invaded zone (HI >30 colonies) and transitional zone (5 – 20 colonies, TI). Species composition and distribution were...
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Climate change has greatly affected the rainfall distribution and intensity in the rainfed regions resulting water shortage causing yield reduction in crops including (Cicer arientium L.) chickpea. Microorganisms improve soil fertility and enhance plant nutrition. Water stress inhibits plant growth due to higher concentrations of ethylene in rhizosphere. Rhizobacteria containing ACC-deaminase assist plant growth to...
Economic analysis of Consumer demand for indigenous chicken eggs in Kenya
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The World health organization recommends a daily protein requirement of 55 grams per person to avert health and nutritional related problems. Indigenous chicken eggs have the potential to supply these proteins in developing countries where the requirement is hardly met. In Kenya, the average per capita egg consumption is low compared to other countries. To ascertain determinants of egg demand, 174 consumers were sampled in...
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Menz is long been known for its quality butter production but Traditional milk products are generally reported to be of substandard quality. Therefore this investigation was conducted to access physiochemical and microbial quality of Menz Butter along the market value chain. The study was conducted by using laboratory analysis of physiochemical and microbial quality. The microbiological count data were transformed to log10...
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Irish potatoes are an important crop only promoted in cool and high moist conditions of Rwanda. This study explored the productivity of Irish potatoes varieties under increasing nitrogen fertilizer applications in drier agro-climatic conditions of the eastern Rwanda. Potato seeds mass-selected from locally-grown varieties in the region surrounding Kibungo town (-2.160897o, 30.543591o) were planted under rain-fed...
Prospects of Sudanese essential oils insecticides for safe food and environment in Sudan
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The current study aimed to utilize different Sudanese natural essential oils (EOs) formula of insecticide, achieve chemical free agricultural production in Sudan for safe food and environment and reduce cost and simplification of technology. The study is a conceptual works which depends on the literatures, laboratory reports and descriptive analysis to access the hypothesis which claimed that, green environment in Sudan...
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ABSTRACT An assessment of farm machinery utilization and maintenance for increased crop production in Ebonyi State bioclimatic region of South-Eastern Nigeria was carried out. The focus of the study was on tractors and implements. The machinery inventory was taken in the three agricultural zones of the study area and the mechanical conditions/status and performances of different makes of available tractors were examined....
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Cultural methods such as intercropping can be applied to manage insect pests and reduce the problems caused by use of pesticides. An experiment was carried out in Ward 1 of Hurungwe District, in Zimbabwe at Muchbinding Farm to investigate the management of diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) in Rape (Brassica napus) by intercropping rape with garlic (Allium sativum). A randomized complete block design with four...
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Land degradation in the dry Mediterranean regions is the result of the more or less prevalent influence of physical, socio-economical and biological factors. Their combined action generates an ecological imbalance which is translated by a decrease in the available pastoral resources, causing, thus, a process of desertification very often speeded up by the anthropogenic pressure and the overexploitation of natural...
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This study archives locality names of artisanal and commercial fishing gears, fishing gears comments, and fishing vessels currently used at shoreline, inshoreline and off-shore areas in the Lake Victoria basin drainage systems of Kenya. The paper also achieves names of fish species representatives harvested from the lake using the gears. Fifty-three (28 artisanal, 14 commercial) types of fishing gears are recorded to have...
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