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The present study was carried out at the Farm of the University of Khartoum, Sudan during March 2017, to investigate the effect of different tire inflation pressure and extra front ballast on tractor performance in a clay loam soil at 23% moisture content. 2 WD tractor (62 kW) and three bottom disc plough were used for this study. The treatments included three values of tire inflation pressures (124.2, 165.6 and 207kPa)...
Smallholder Dairy Production Characteristics in Selected Areas of Eastern Gojjam, Ethiopia
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The vast majority of smallholder farmers in Ethiopia use low input production systems that relate to relatively low milk yield per cow/day. While, the dairy sector is not yet developed to the expected level and its contribution to the national economy is quite low in Ethiopia. Even if Eastern Gojjam has good potential for milk and milk products production, diminutive is known about the existing characteristics of...
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Cotton is one of the key agricultural exports in Zimbabwe. Low cotton yields in Zimbabwe are mainly due to pests and diseases among other factors. Red spider mites (RSM) can account for more than 40 % yield loss if not controlled. Control methods implemented for this pest include cultural practices, chemical control, biological control and use of biopesticides. Three aqueous plant extracts at 10 and 20 % v/v application...
Phytoremediation of heavy metals using some selected leguminous crops.
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The phytoremediation of heavy metals (cadmium, chromium, copper and lead) by Phaseolus vulgaris and Arachis hypogaea were investigated using standard techniques. The heavy metal polluted soil samples were collected from Crush Rock Industries Ishiagu, Ebonyi State, Nigeria, while heavy metal free control soil samples were obtained from Ebonyi State Ministry of Agriculture, Ishiagu Station. The seeds of the two plants were...
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In the present study, seventy-one field pea gene pools including three released varieties were evaluated in an augmented block design for assessing genetic divergence and level of resistance to powdery mildew for exploitation in a breeding program aimed at improving yield potential of field pea by using cluster and principal component analysis. Among the 10 studied traits, four (Eigenvalue >1.0) contributed more than...
Economics and Development of Palm Dates Marketing in Sudan
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The main purpose of this research is to study the date products marketing, obstacles faced and how the dates business could be promoted in the Sudan, in particular, and in other producing countries in the region as general. The study based mainly on primary data from River Nile State of Northern Sudan. Secondary data was also employed. Descriptive statistical analysis has been applied to achieve the objectives of the...
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The study aims to establish some evaluation indexes of the effectiveness of different genetic groups issued from the local goat crossbreeding program. The proposed indexes adjust, for each genotype, dairy and meat performances by the reproductive parameters and metabolic weight. A total of 1654 body weights and 993 dairy performances in the caprine herd of the Arid Areas Institute of Médenine were used. Proposed bio...
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Field experiments were conducted at Teaching and Research farm of Landmark University in 2012 and 2013 to investigate the influence of three population densities (88,000, 44,000, and 29,000 plants/ha) on the growth and yield of five cowpea varieties (IT97K-461, IT97K-568-18, IT98K-131-2, IT99K-1060 and IT99K-`245). Plant growth parameters such as plant height, and number of trifoliate leaves per plant and flower production...
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Brachiaria grass is one of the most important grasses distributed throughout the tropics especially in Africa. The quality of forage yields and biomass of brachiaria is negatively affected by diseases among which leaf spot, leaf blight and leaf rust are the most common. This research was conducted to characterize the rust pathogen of bracharia grass infecting selected cultivars in Kenya based on pathological and...
Design and Fabrication of an Electrically Powered Maize Planter
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Maize is a staple cereal in many parts of the world. In Nigeria, it is most commonly used as livestock feed and in the production of ethanol, sweeteners and other related products. It can also be consumed as food either by roasting or boiling. Production of maize successfully depends on the correct application of production inputs that will sustain the environment as well as agricultural production. An electrically powered...
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The present experiment was carried out at Horticulture Research Block, Shri Guru Ram Rai School of Agricultural Sciences, Shri Guru Ram Rai University, Dehradun, to study the effect of integrated nutrient management on growth and yield of French bean cultivar Pusa Parvati under subtropical conditions of Dehradun. Treatments included twelve combinations viz. T1 (Without any organic, inorganic or biofertilizer application),...
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Groundnut is an important oil and protein crop in Ethiopia. Abergelle is one of the dryland part of Ethiopia that is agro ecological potential to groundnut production. Management practice and Lake of improved varieties are a major limitation for low yield and seed quality. Due to this intervention, field experiment was implementing at Sheka Tekli, dry land area of Abergelle, in 2017-2018 cropping season to investigate the...
Determinants of capacity utilization among agribusiness firms in Nigeria
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For agribusinesses in developing economies to realize their potential, enhancing their overall performance in terms of capacity utilisation is essential. The objective of the paper is to provide information on the determinants of capacity utilization among agribusinesses in Nigeria. This study adopted the survey design. Data were collected from 2014 the World Bank Enterprise survey. Purposive sampling technique was used to...
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Objective of the studies was to evaluate agronomic response of chickpea varieties to phosphorus fertilizers rates and row spacing under irrigation condition. The study was done using split plot design spacing as a main plot, and fertilizer and variety as a subplot, where three row spacing (20cm, 30cm and 40cm) was assigned to the main plot while the factorial combination four triple super phosphate (0kg/ha,...
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The use of medicinal plants has been widespread since ancient times to the present by the public, so the study of the effects of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity (chromosomal abnormalities) is necessary. The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of extract of Brew the bark and branch of willow of Hamadan (Salix alba) in plant cell model. Plant samples were collected from Hamadan and the bark skin was dried at room...
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The study was undertaken to determine the chemical and physico-mechanical quality of leather produced from Rutana, Gumuz and Washera sheep breeds of Ethiopia under Low (300 g/day) and High (450 g/day) levels of concentrate supplementation. The supplement contains 45% wheat bran, 26% maize grain and 29% Noug cake. A total of 36 sheep (12 from each breed) were used in 3x2 factorial treatment arrangement in a completely...
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The effect of fungicides on type of Rhizobia inoculted for optimum soybean production under field condition were investigated. In the present study, statistically significant interaction between seed applied fungicide and Rhizobial inoculant were detected for nodulation and yield of soybean. Application of Rhizobial inoculants alone were provided the highest nodulation and shoot dry weight performance as well as seed...
Phytoremediation Potential of Four Tropical Plant Species Grown in Copper-Contaminated Soil
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Despite being an essential element, at higher concentrations, Cu is highly toxic to plants, microorganisms, and invertebrates. Phytoremediation is a low-cost and effective strategy to clean up contaminated soils. This study was conducted to evaluate the potential of Jatropha curcas; Acacia mangium, Dyera costulata and H. odorata for remediation of soils contaminated with Cu. Seedlings were planted in growth media treated...
Identification of resistant sources in lentil against Fusarium wilt under field condition
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Fusarium wilt can cause yield losses up to 50% of the production to complete yield loss if severely affected. The use of resistant variety is one of the best option of disease management. Therefore, studies were planned to find out the genotypes against Fusarium wilt through sick plot technique. Keeping this point in view, one hundred fifty two genotypes of lentil were tested for the resistance against Fusarium oxysporum...
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Maize is one of the most important crops in southern Ethiopia. Africa maize stem borer, Busseola fusca is one of the important biotic constraints. Knowledge of its spatial distribution is important for improving sampling procedures and designing correct control strategies. The spatial distribution pattern of B. fusca was studied in southern Ethiopia during 2015 and 2016 cropping seasons. A total of 24 maize farms were...
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Assessment of genetic divergence in crop species is one of the major activities of plant breeding which helps to analysis to quantify the genetic distance among the selected germplasm and reflects the relative contribution of specific traits towards the total divergence. Therefore, this field experiment was conducted to assess the genetic divergence in bread wheat genotypes, to determine the extent of genetic variation...
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In the developing Countries, weather differentials and discount rate had played an integral role in the decision making of farmers, which mostly affect their net revenue. This study hypothesized that weather differentials and discount rate has a significant influence on the farmers’ net revenue across three agroclimatic zones in Ghana. Using data from three different agroclimatic zones, we found discount rate...
Evaluation of Sequential Intercropping of Maize with Common bean followed by Chickpea
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Food insecurity is increased by adverse weather condition. Intercropping has been practiced traditionally by small-scale farmers in the tropics. Most previous studies focused on intercropping systems involving two-crop associations. However, there is much scope to improve existing cropping systems by devising and evaluating modifications that allow more effective use of the season. Hence, this research aimed to improve the...
Propagation of cashew (Anacardium occidental L.) by softwood grafting in Ghana.
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An investigation was done to assess the graft success on seedlings and canopy substitution using grafting techniques, retention of basal leaves on the rootstock, age of rootstock and period of grafting in a randomize complete block design with twenty plants per treatment and replicated three times. Young vigorously growing cashew seedlings were used for grafting whilst poor performing cashew trees (in yield and young...
Determination of Nitrogen and Phosphorous fertilizer rates on lowland rice Production
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The national average yield of rice in Ethiopia is about 2.8 t ha-1 which is lower compared to the world average productivity of 4.6 t ha-1. Soil nutrient deficiencies are among the major yield limiting factors of the rice production. In order to recommend appropriate rate of soil nutrients, nitrogen and phosphorous fertilizers application experiment was conducted on rainfed lowland rice production at Fogera plain in two...
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This research was conducted to evaluate the response of local cultivars of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L) to sweet potato feathery mottle virus (SPFMV) infection. The treatments consisted of five local cultivars of sweet potato designated as CV1, CV2, CV3, CV4 and CV5 respectively. The experiment was laid out in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) and replicated three times. Result obtained from the statistical analysis...
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The field experiment was conducted in two locations i. e.Pawe and Assosa from 2016-2018 main cropping seasons withthe main objectives of identifying high yielding and disease resistant GSR lines in the lowland production system. A total of 20 genotypes including two checks were used for the study.The combined analysis revealed that no genotype significant difference than the standard check on grain yield. This revealed...
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Performance measurement is defined as the process of quantifying efficiency and effectiveness. Effectiveness is compliance with customer requirements, and efficiency is how the organization’s resources are used to achieve customers’ satisfaction levels. Agricultural multipurpose farmer’s cooperatives could play classical roles to increase smallholder productivity and incomes which lead to economic empowerment. The...
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Lactating animals are exposed to oxidative stress (OS) which influences milk composition and physicochemical properties. Administration of vitamin E could mitigate the effects of the OS and improve milk production. This study was conducted to determine the effects of vitamin E administration on some milk constituents and physicochemical parameters of lactating West African Dwarf (WAD) goats. Eighteen WAD does with mean...
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This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of partial substitution of Noug Seed Cake (NSC) with a mix of Brewery Dried Grain and Brewery dried Yeast (BDGY) on egg qualitiesof Bovans Brown layers. A total of 120 Bovans Brown layers of 28 weeks of age, were randomly divided into 12 groups each with 10 layers of comparable body weight. Three isocaloric and iso-nitrogenous treatment rations in which 5% (T2), 10 %( T3)...
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The study was conducted in the selected districts of East Wollega Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia, to determine the prevalence of honeybee disease and pests. A questionnaire survey and laboratory diagnostic methods were used for the study. The questionnaire was administered to 146 beekeepers (97.1% males). Two honeybee colony samples from each beekeeper, totally (292 honeybee colonies), were collected from...
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The present study aimed to investigate the genetic diversity of foxtail millet germplasm and select superior genotypes. To this end, 130 foxtail millet were studied under an augmented complete block design at Shahid Bahonar University Research Farm. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was also carried out on the genotypes to determine the homogeneity of experimental field. The results proved that there were significant...
Reproductive performance of Arsi x Holstein Friesian crossbred dairy cattle
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The objective of this study was to evaluate the reproductive performance of Arsi-Holstein-Friesian crossbred dairy cows at Assela Model Agricultural Enterprise (AMAE). A retrospective study was carried out using data recorded from 1996 to 2011 to evaluate number of services per conception (NSPC), days open (DO), calving interval (CI), age at first service (AFS), and age at first calving (AFC). Fixed factors considered were...
Correlation of agronomic and anatomic characters of maize stalk for maize selection
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The stalk of a maize plant may directly interfere in productivity, due to its storage capacity for photo-assimilates and transport capacity of water and nutrients to all parts of the plant. Thus, the aim of this study was to quantify the associations between agronomical and anatomical characters of the maize stalk, for possible use selection in the early stage of breeding program. The field experiment was conducted in the...
Adoption of sustainable agricultural practices among farmers in Ohaukwu L.G.A of Ebonyi State
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The study determined the adoption level of sustainable agricultural practices among farmers in Ohaukwu Local Government Area of Ebonyi State. Multi-stage, random and systematic sampling procedures were employed to select 160 respondents for the study. The collected data were analyzed using relevant descriptive and inferential statistics. Result showed that majority of the respondents were females who were married, having...
The adoption of improved cassava technologies in Central Liberia
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The study focused on adoption of improved cassava technologies in Central Liberia by the Central Agricultural Research institute (CARI). Farmer’s level of awareness on the adoption of cassava technologies and investigated factors influencing adoption behaviour of cassava farmers towards the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) cassava varieties. A multi-stage sampling technique was used in selecting the...
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A field experiment was carried out in 2015 and 2016 cropping season on Ten soybean varieties in Randomized Complete Block design with the objective of evaluation of soybean varieties for yield performance and adaptability considering number of days to 50% flowering, days to 95% maturity, plant height, pods per plant, plant height biomass and grain yield. Those varieties were superior overall the testing varieties such as...
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Conducting Baseline study before implementing of any project is crucial to evaluate and monitor the impacts of project intervention on socioeconomic of the beneficiaries of the project The purpose of this study was to characterize the socio economic condition of Mitkie learning watershed in Pawe district with objective of identify and document the current status, potentials and constraints of Mitkie learning watershed and...
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This study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between rainfall and temperature characteristics and Coffee productivity. Daily rainfall and temperature and production data of Sixteen years were used for analysis. Correlation, regression, variability and trend were analyzed by Instat V3.37 and XLStat software. Seasonal and annual rainfall totals were highly variable. Pearson correlation revealed belg rainy day...
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The study examined the factors influencing agricultural communication methods among women farmers in Chanchaga Local Government Area of Niger State. Data for the study were obtained by means of household survey using structured questionnaires administered to 80 respondents. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics and logit regression analysis. The result of the study showed that 58.8% of the women farmers were...
Genetic erosion of cultivated common bean (Pharsalus vulgaris L.) landraces in South Western Kenya
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Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris, L.) landraces derived from local tropical germplasm and represent an important source of genetic and phenotypic diversity. This germplasm is at present poorly understood and under-exploited by Kenyan crop breeding programs besides of being threatened by diseases, pests, genetic erosion and effects of climate change. The loss of landraces results in decreased genetic base of the remaining...
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The objective of this study was to evaluate the chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) shoots as feed for ruminants. The experiment was conducted at the Sheep Technology Centre (CTO), in the municipality of Campo Grande – MS - Brazil. Cassava variety IAC was planted on 03.05.2014, with the aerial part of cassava used as silage, hay, and in natura. The percentage of crude...
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ABSTRACT Drought and the obligate Striga root parasite are two of the most important constraints to sorghum production in the northern and north eastern parts of Ethiopia. This study assessed the field reaction of selected advanced lines under Striga hermonthica infestation condition. Twenty-two sorghum genotypes with two resistant checks (Gobiye and SRN-39) and one susceptible check (Teshale) were evaluated under Striga...
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Indiscriminate and over application of agrochemicals in agricultural practices is one of the major global threats that has resulted in reduced soil fertility and poor crop productivity. The ACC deaminase positive and phosphate solubilizing bacterial strain ES3 isolated from chilli rhizosphere was identified as Bacillus pumilus using 16S rRNA sequence analysis. The ACC deaminase positive B. pumilus and Mesorhizobium ciceri...
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The study was conducted to assess dairy production and marketing system of Horro district of Horro Guduru Wollega zone. A structured questionnaire was used and the study area was stratified into highland and Mid-highland agro-ecology. The means and standard deviations of livestock holding was found 12.17±8.69, 13.54±13.98, 3.22±5.25, 2.79±2.84 and 0.96±1.34 for cattle, sheep, goats, horse and donkey, respectively....
Estimation of Infield Cane Stalk Loss at Wonji Shoa Sugar Estate
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In Ethiopian sugar estates sugarcane harvesting period varies according to precipitation patterns to ensure that cutting and transportation takes place when the plant contains the highest accumulation of sugar and it is manually cut and mechanically loaded for haulage. The objective of this work was to assess the losses incurred at Wonji Shoa sugar estate as a result of cane stalks being lost in the field without being...
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Study was conducted at Punjab Agricultural University’s – Fruit Research Station, Jallowal to evaluate the performance of sweet orange cultivar Midknight Valencia on three different rootstocks. Plants on Rubidoux Trifoliate (RTF) were observed to be tallest with height of 3.15m while Rich 16-6 (R 16-6) contributed for maximum dwarfing effect with plant height of 2.27m. Highest level of east-west spread to the tune of...
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North-West (Punjab) part of India has been facing a major problem of unavailability of healthy bud wood. Therefore it is logical to develop a technique which can help to improve the mother plant’s bud production as well as its health. Pruning is technique, if performed appropriate can result into the improvement of plant architecture, shoot production, and its health. Randomized Block Design with Factorial arrangement...
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Study on osmotic dehydration of mushroom (Pleurotus sajor-caju) slices was carried out for partial removal of moisture prior to the further hybrid microwave drying. The effect of various process parameters on mass transfer kinetics was studied. Sodium chloride concentration (10–20%), solution temperature (30–60° C) immersion time (15–240 min) and solution to fruit ratio (4:1 to 8:1) were taken as independent process...
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ABSTRACT A field experiment was conducted at Research Farm of ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Nagaland Centre, Medziphema during 2010 and 2011 for “Enhancement of Rice Productivity, Profitability, Carbon budget and Soil fertility through Integrated Nutrient Management†in Eastern Himalayan Region on a sandy loam soil. Among the organic sources of nutrient poultry manure (2.5t/ha) was found to be most profitable...
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