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The study was conducted with the objectives of assessing the current camel milk production, determining the prevalence, major Bacterial pathogens and associated risk factor of camel mastitis. For this study 100 households and 384 camels were selected randomly. Questionnaire survey was administered to camel holder households to collect data on management practices, knowledge of camel mastitis, treatment attempts and...
Morphological traits based diversity in selected clones of Sugarcane (SaccharumofficinaruL.)
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Genetic diversity is indispensable to sustain genetic gain in breeding programmes. Present investigation in search of genetically diverse clones was conducted in Randomized complete block design (RCBD) with two replications at Zonal Agriculture Research Station (ZARS), Vishweshwaraiah Canal Farm, Mandya, Karnataka, India. Based on Mahalanobis D2 statistic thirty five clones were grouped into eight clusters of which,...
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Compaction has been a major challenge facing farmers involved in agricultural farming due to its negative effect on soil structure, texture, root development and water movement in soils. Hydraulic and physical soil properties could be adversely affected by compaction due to cattle treading. The aim of this work is to study the effects of cattle treading on soil physical and hydraulic properties on a typical cattle farm in...
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A field experiment was conducted to estimate combining ability and to identify direction and magnitude of standard heterosis in mid-altitude maize test crosses for grain yield and yield related traits. Eighteen inbred lines and four single cross testers were crossed in line x tester mating design during the 2014 main cropping season. The resulting 72 F1 crosses and three standard checks (BH543, BH546 and BH547) were...
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A field experiment was conducted to study the association of characters among green pod yield and yield-related traits in chili (Capsicum annum L.) accessions in Ethiopia, during the off-season period from December 3, 2015 to June 15, 2016 under flood irrigation at the Adet Agricultural Research Centre. The experiment was conducted using randomized complete block design with three replications. The correlation and path...
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Plantain is one of the most important sources of food in the African lowlands stretching from the lowlands of Guinea and Liberia to the central basin of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DR Congo). Because plantain cultivars do not produce seeds, plantain cultivation is based on vegetatively transplanted lateral shoots/suckers. The way by which plantain reached the African continent is still under speculation. The aim of...
Review on land management practices on the provision of ecosystem services: the case of Ethiopia
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Abstract The influence of land management practices on provisioning, regulating, supporting and cultural/societal ecosystem services were identified through appraises and synthesis of previous research results. Implemented land management practices in the country have positive influences on the majority of ecosystem services except provision services on crop productivity. This might be due to, physical soil and water...
UTILIZATION OF CASSAVA WASTES FOR VALUE ADDED PRODUCTS: AN OVERVIEW
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Different categories of wastes and residues generated during cassava processing must be properly managed so as not to constitute environmental hazard. The huge cost of treatment and disposal create avenue for alternative uses to be explored. This study reviewed the various value added products which can be produced from cassava wastes substrate as feed-stock for bio-energy. Theoretically, it was estimated that one kilogram...
Public spending and agricultural growth in Nigeria: Evidenced from the southwest region
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Over the years sustainable budget has been a contentious issue in Nigeria economic development. Few have argued that the concept of budget is associated with sustainable development because the coverage of sustainability related concepts is also in the purview of government expenditure. This study examines agricultural public spending in Nigeria and its significance to agricultural growth and development, using Ondo State...
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The present experiment was carried out at the Horticulture Research Farm of the Department of Horticulture ,Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India during the year 2016-1017. The plant to plant and row to row spacing were maintained at 30x60 cm respectively. The experiment was carried under Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. A single standard variety (kasha Pragati) released...
Co-Fungal biotransformation of corn cobs into a protein enriched substrate
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Escalation in the price of feed ingredients in developing countries has necessitated the exploitation of readily available agricultural waste for feed formulation. The aim of the study was the bioconversion of corn cob into a protein enriched substrate by fungal fermentation. The chemical composition of mono and co-fungal treated corn cob was determined by standard chemical methods respectively. In mono and co-fungal...
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The effect of different plucking interval of 7, 10, and 14 days and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulfur (NPKS) fertilizer rate of 0, 50, 75, 100 and 200 kg ha-1year-1 on tea, Camellia sinensis (L) O. Kuntze was studied. Regardless of the fertilizer rate, all the fertilizer treatments produced significantly higher mean yield and table rise as compared to no fertilizer application. Results also showed that the largest...
Management of stem and root rot disease of lentil through soil amendment with tricho-compost
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The efficacy of Trichoderma harzianum based Tricho-inocula, Tricho-compost and seed treating chemical fungicide Provax was tested against foot and root rot diseases of lentil caused by Sclerotium rolfsii and Fusarium oxysporum in two different agro-ecological zones of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur and Pulses Research Station, Madaripur of Bangladesh. Tricho-compost was prepared with a mixed...
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The investigation on infestation dynamics of shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis on brinjal in relation to meteorological conditions on shoot its population was most demure in the last week of September when 70.00 per cent on Azad B2 and 80.00 per cent on Azad B2 of the plants were having shoot infestation with an intensity of 2.43 and 2.53 per plants, there was significantly encouraging role of maximum and minimum...
Factors Affecting Raw Milk Quality in Dairy Value Chain: A Comprehensive Study
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This paper outlines the quality of raw milk in dairy value chain of Rajasthan and brings out the various factors and its association with raw milk quality. Four milk unions viz., Alwar, Bhilwara, Bikaner and Hanumangarh of Rajasthan Cooperative Dairy Federation (RCDF) were selected purposively. A list of dairy farmers of each DCS (Dairy Co-operative Societies), who were pouring milk for the last two years, was prepared,...
ANALYSIS OF SMALL SCALE BROILER PRODUCTION IN MUBI METROPOLIS OF ADAMAWA STATE, NIGERIA.
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Abstract This paper presents the economics of small scale broiler production in Mubi metropolis of Adamawa state, Nigeria. A simple random sampling technique was employed to sample 48 small scale broiler farmers in the study area. Data were obtained from the respondents through the use of structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and farm budgetary technique were used for analyzing the data collected. The result of...
Assess the impact of climate change on vegetation using remote sensing
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Drought is a natural phenomenon in nature is purely coincidental . Therefore, to determine the severity and extent of drought index used .In this study, the efficacy of sensor data MODIS, in the estimation of the drought of 2000 to 2014 in Lake Urmia Watershed in Iran were studied . The main measure of data from MODIS, Terra satellite of monthly precipitation data were used . The TCI and VCI parameters were studied. NDVI...
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This paper examines the various ways in which farmers exploit edaphic variability in savannah peri forest zone of centre Cameroon. The approach consisted of a questionnaire prompt administered on the main agricultural land units’ characteristics and corresponding management practices in the study area. Soils analysis indicated that the six agricultural land units found in the study area varied in term of topography,...
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Abstract An experiment was conducted at the Teaching and Research farm of the Faculty of Agriculture University of Maiduguri in 2016 to evaluate variety and botanical insecticide for the control of insect pests of amaranthus. Three amaranthus varieties {Amaranthus cruentus (white seeded), Amaranthus hybridus (red seeded) and Amaranthus hybridus (black seeded)} as main plot treatment and two botanical insecticides (Balanite...
Determination of some physical properties of canarium schweinfurthii engl nuts
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Physical properties of three varieties of canarium schweinfurthii nuts (canarium schweinfurthii small (CSHTS), canarium schweinfurthii long (CSHTL) and canarium schweinfurthii large (CSHTLRG)) were studied at three different moisture contents (10.20%, 17.23% and 25.06%) wet basis. Maximum and minimum values of geometric dimensions, shape, mass, density and angle of friction were obtained experimentally. The results showed...
INFLUENCE OF MUCILAGE REMOVAL AND DRYING METHODS IN COFFEE SEED QUALITY
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Coffea arabica L. seed quality is a major factor in the economic investment of this species because, in addition to presenting a strong contribution to the successful implementation of coffee production, seeds carry the genetic potential of plants, whose effects will be seen along the crop's life cycle. Thus, in this study, the influence of different degumming and drying methods was evaluated, as well as the interaction of...
Production and quality of cowpea seeds as a function of molybdenum doses and plant population
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The plant population and fertilization with micronutrients directly influence the cowpea responses, depending on the growing conditions, morphological and physiological characteristics, and productive capacity of the cultivars, thus resulting in the production of high quality seeds. In this sense, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of doses of molybdenum and plant density on the yield and quality of...
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An important component in the hydrological cycle is vegetation, especially its role in intercept rainfall. This study aims to determine the effect of rainfall on throughfall, stem flow and interception to stand Aubreville, Leeuwenberg and Stone architecture models. Research conducted in the forest garden land Gumbasa Sub Watershed, Palu Watershed. The administration of the region are in Gumbasa Sub Sigi Regency in Central...
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Abstract The study assessed determinants of livelihood strategies among smallholder farmers involved on irrigation schemes in the North West Province of South Africa. The study was conducted in three districts of the North West Province namely: Dr Ngaka Modiri Molema District, Bojanala District and Dr Ruth Segomotsi Mompati District. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 149 farmers involved in all the...
Article in Press
This study is aimed at describing the lactation curve using an empirical (Wood and Wilmink), stochastic (Djisktra and MilkBot) and artificial intelligent (Neural network) models to developing an equations that drive milk production pattern of different genotype of cows under a low input production system of Nigeria. Five functions were fitted to test day milk yield records of Holstein, HolsteinXBunaji, Jersey and...
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This study was carried out to examine the extent of training received by the staff and the economic interest groups (EIGs) in the administration of Fadama III in Taraba state of Nigeria. A total of 120 FUG officials (Fadama resource users) and 57 Fadama III staff bringing the sample size to 177 were used as respondents for the study. Multistage and simple random sampling techniques were used. Data were collected using...
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Mango is a major fruit crop in Yemen which occupies 38% of the total area of fruit cultivation in Yemen. The most irrigation practices in mango farms are basin irrigation with low efficiency, only 1% of area crops used modern method (bubbler, drip and sprinkler). The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the bubbler system (traditional bubbler system) and to compare it with a surface irrigation system to...
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF IRRIGATED PAPAYA PRODUCTION SYSTEM UNDER SEMIARID CONDITIONS
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Identifying the factors that have greatest potential impact enables the evaluation and adaptation of the applied techniques, in order to improve the environmental performance of the production systems. The aim of this study was to perform an environmental assessment of the papaya cultivation system, performed in the conventional model under semiarid conditions. The productive chain was directly described and characterized...
Effects of microbiolization on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seeds
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Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important cereal crop worldwide. Wheat seeds are a favorable environment for the transport of pathogenic microorganisms, especially fungi, which can lead to decreased seed viability and nutritional value. Furthermore, some diseases can occur during plant development. The present study aimed at investigating the potential of endophytic fungi, salicylic acid,...
Response of nitrogen on growth and yield parameters of sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) hybrids
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One year field study was conducted to determine the effect of different levels of nitrogen on growth, development, yield and yield components of sunflower hybrids under. A field experiment was planted to check the effect of different nitrogen rates (0, 45, 90, 135 and 180 kg/ha) on growth and yield components of sunflower hybrids (Hysun 33 and S-78). An experiment was conducted at Research Area of Agronomy Farm, University...
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This study have been done to determine the effects of essential oils of six Satureja species such as; Satureja cilicica, S. cuneifolia, S. hortensis, S. montana, S. spicigera and S. thymbra on growth of Sclerotina sclerotiorum, S. rolfsii and Rhizcotonia solani in in vitro condition. The oils of Satureja species are used in three different concentration 10, 20 and 30µl for each 20 ml PDA medium with three replication for...
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Increasing productivity via continuous use of improved technologies remains a viable strategy to curbing food insecurity and poverty among smallholder farmers. These improved technologies include improved seed varieties, fertilizer, recommended spacing, recommended mixed cropping and pesticides. This study investigated dis-adoption of improved technologies among farmers in cocoa-based farming systems of Southwestern...
ACHIEVING SELF RELIANCE IN FOOD SUPPLY THROUGH INDIGENOUS POST HARVEST TECHNOLOGY
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Nigeria, like any other developing nation of the world is trying to improve on the life of its citizenry, especially in food production and agricultural development to meet with the growth in population. Despite the huge sum pumped into agriculture by successive governments, food supply is yet to keep pace with the ever-increasing population and food wastage because of post-harvest food losses. In order to reduce these...
Seed germination and growth performance of five forage grasses from Arabian deserts
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Adopting native grasses for forage production and designed urban landscapes could be helpful in reducing pressure on natural fresh water resources. The present study was carried out to determine the effect of different growth conditions (polyhouse and nursery) on seed germination, seedling survival and growth performance of five native grass species (Chloris virgata, Lasiurus scindicus, Pennisetum divisum, Sporobolus...
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This study was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of selected inter-row weeders to control weeds in rice at advanced states growth and effect of weeding cycles on yield and vegetative treats of rice under organic and System of Rice Intensification (SRI). Four Inter-row weeders of different specifications were selected and evaluated. The experimental field was located at Block D, Sawah Sempadan Tanjun Karang...
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Smallholder farmers continues to play a key role in African agriculture, especially in East Africa where it is known as agriculture-based economies, where they accounts for about 75 % of agriculture production and the employment. Maize production in Rwanda is grown under rain fed conditions; however, the production is threatened by series of constraints that hinder not only the livelihood of the farming population but also...
Diversity assessment of Annona muricata L. through molecular characterization using SSR markers
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ABSTRACT Annona muricata L. (Magnoliales: Annonaceae) is a tropical fruit tree with a long history of traditional use. The object of this research was to determine the genetic diversity of the Annona muricata L. species using SSR markers. Thirty-four accessions of A.muricata leave samples and a leaf sample of A.cherimola as a control were collected from different locations in Sri Lanka. Genetic diversity of A.muricata was...
Some Selected Physical Properties of African Yam Bean Seed
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African yam bean (AYB) is a legume that is normally cultivated in small scale and has not been sufficiently utilized. Some physical properties of this crop were examined. The results indicated that the mean values for length, width and thickness were determined as 9.68, 6.99 and 7.26 mm, respectively for the seeds and 297.9, 10.36 and 8.98 mm, respectively for unthreshed pods. The bean is close to being a sphere with mean...
Smallholder dairy cattle genetic gain efforts in Ethiopia: hurdles and future prospects
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In Ethiopia, more attention is being given to crossbreeding to answer the questions of food security in the near future as the selection in local cattle is very slow to bring a progress within a short period of time. In contrast, improving the genetic potential of local cattle is not given equivalent emphasis though it is essential for effective selection in straight breeding and crossbreeding. Quick-win genetic based...
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The demand for crop residues is rising in response to increasing consumption of animal protein while productivity of natural pastures is declining because of adverse effects of climate change and population pressure on land. Although use of fodder crop is a potential option to natural pastures their fodder potentials need to be assessed. Five cowpeas and a maize variety were studied with the aim of evaluating their forage...
Ethics in agriculture: The case of Iran
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In recent decades, degradation of natural resources (soil, water etc.) due to human actions causes environmental movements like environmental ethics. Environmental ethic theories emphasize a value-base of environmental behaviors. It seems that value-based factors such as moral norms and value orientations can affect human’ attitudes and behaviors. Farmers have direct relationship with environment resources such as soil,...
Performance of a small wind turbine in water pumping for rural area in the south of Brazil
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This study presents an evaluation on the performance of a water pumping system with a small wind turbine used in the energy supply on a small farm. The equipment was installed at project CASA, located at the State University of West Parana (UNIOESTE) in the city of Cascavel-PR. In this paper is presented the implementation of the system and it emphasizes the determination of the energy development in the system adopted,...
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A research to examine the repellent effect of snake bean (Swartzia madagascariensis) pod powder on maize weevils (Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky) on stored maize (Zea mays)grain was carried out in Women’s University in Africa farm laboratory in Marondera from March to May 2015 (3 months). A bioassay consisting of a rectangular flat-bottomed container was used to evaluate the repellence of S. madagascariensis. Two small...
Gene expression in dry maize seeds and in seeds submitted to low germination temperature
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This research aimed to study the expression of genes that are known for their importance in plant tolerance to low temperatures. The study was conducted in dry maize seed and subjected to sub optimal germination temperature. Four lines of maize seeds were used, two being classified as susceptible to low temperature (44 and 54) and two tolerant to low temperature (64 and 91). Water content and germination tests were...
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This study attempts to analyze macro consequences of international donor organizations’ intervention in observed African states in terms of agricultural loan volumes. Particularly, I studied how international donor organizations’ assistance to agricultural sector in African states gave impetus of the agricultural credit expansion. My hypothesis is based on the demand following theory of Patrick (1966) that is explained...
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Physical and mechanical properties of locust beans are necessary for the design of equipment to handle, transport, process and store the crop. The properties were evaluated as a function of moisture content of locust beans. The locust seeds were tested for size and shape, true density, bulk density, porosity, sphericity, static coefficient of friction on plywood, aluminium and stainless, angle of repose and specific heat...
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Insurance policies with deductibles could to some extend alleviate moral hazard and adverse selection problems under asymmetric information. However, in the crop insurance market farmers tend to prefer insurance policies with high deductibles. This paper stated asymmetric information problem in crop insurance markets through classical literature reviews, and pointed out the effect of insurance policies with deductibles on...
Genetic Diversity of Durum Wheat of Landraces Northwest of Iran in Term of Low Molecular Weight
Article in Press
To study the genetic diversity land races durum wheat in terms of agronomic traits and low molecular weight, glutenin test was carried out in agricultural research station of Ardebil Islamic Azad University in the crop year 2011-2012. 34 wheat grain land races plant material, including the North West area of Ardabil were prepared. Test complete block design with three replications in the agricultural sector, along with...
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Field experiment was conducted at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture Ibadan and Ikene substation during the 2012 rainy season to study the effect of variety, Nitrogen fertilizer Rates on the growth and yield of four yellow cassava varieties. Four (4) IITA yellow cassava varieties (IITA TMS01/1412, IITA TMS 01/1368, IITA TMS 01/1371 and IITA TMS 01/1593), 3 fertilizer rates (0kg/ha, 400kg/ha and 600kg/ha)...
FOOD SAFETY POLICIES ADOPTED BY FOOD BUISNESS OPERATORS –A REVIEW.
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Food safety is a scientific discipline and includes all processes that the food product moves through like handling, preparation, and storage of food with the ultimate aim of producing safe food.
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