September 2010
Rhizobium as a crop enhancer and biofertilizer for increased cereal production
Greater production of cereals brings forth higher production cost and pollutes the soil environment due to excessive use of chemical fertilizers. Therefore, crop scientists are exploring an alternative source namely biofertilizers which are cost effective and environment friendly. In the biofertilizer technology, Rhizobium-legume is most common and widely used in different countries. Recently, it is also found that...
September 2010
Trends in phytoremediation of toxic elemental and organic pollutants
Phytoremediation is the use of plants to extract, sequester or mineralize pollutants. This process is seen as an ecologically sound strategy for management of contaminated ecosystems. In this review, current status of several subsets of phytoremediation are discussed which includes: (a) Phytoextraction – which is a process in which high biomass pollutant accumulating plants are used to accumulate and transport...
September 2010
The modern water-saving agricultural technology: Progress and focus
Based on the analysis of water-saving agricultural technology development status and trends in China, and in combination with the development and the needs of modern water-saving agricultural technology, we have put forward a future research emphasis and developing direction of modern water-saving agricultural technology, which include modern biological water-saving technology, unconventional high-efficient and...
September 2010
The internal transcribed spacer rDNA specific markers for identification of Zanthoxylum piperitum
Genus Zanthoxylum which has significant medical importance belongs to the family Rutaceae. This investigation was aimed to identify total internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions among the nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) to distinguishZanthoxylum piperitum from Zanthoxylum sichinifolium. The nrDNA ITS sequence markers were developed by using universal ITS5/ITS4 primer pairs. Species-specific primers...
September 2010
Molecular cloning and characterization of a group 3 LEA gene from Agropyron mongolicum Keng
Late embryogenesis-abundant (LEA) protein is one of the components involved in desiccation tolerance (DT) by maintaining cellular structures in the dry state. In this study, a member of the group 3 LEA, MwLEA1, was cloned from Mongolian wheatgrass (Agropyron mongolium Keng) based on a homologous sequence from wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Its full-length cDNA sequence was 705 bp, encoding a protein of 187...
September 2010
Using a sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) marker for detection of Bacillus strain TS02 sprayed on strawberry plants to bio-control powdery mildew in fields
This work used sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) marker to detect the Bacillus cereus strain in strawberry fields. The purpose was to develop an effective molecular method for detecting the functional target microorganisms applied in agricultural fields. A 3×109 CFU/ml vegetative cell suspension based on the functional B. cereus strain TS02 was sprayed on strawberry...
September 2010
Fruit characteristics of the selected fig genotypes
The aim of this research was determine of fruit characteristics and select of some significant fig genotypes grown in Kiziltepe district of Mardin province. No studies have been made on the fig genotypes in Kiziltepe district by researchers up to now. Therefore, this study was very important. In this research, six fig genotypes were evaluated for two years. A lot of pomological characteristics of the...
September 2010
Long-term mannitol-induced osmotic stress leads to stomatal closure, carbohydrate accumulation and changes in leaf elasticity in Phaselous vulgaris leaves
The effect of long-term osmotic stress was investigated in leaves of two common bean lines, with contrasting tolerance: Flamingo (tolerant) and coco blanc (sensitive). Water relations, organic solute, ion accumulation and amino acids content as well as osmotic adjustment (OA) were studied during an extended exposure to osmotic stress. Osmotic stress was applied by means of 50 mM mannitol for 15 days. At the end of the...
September 2010
Genome size unaffected by moderate changes in climate and phosphorus availability in Mediterranean plants
Nuclear DNA amount has been assessed in a set of 6 Mediterranean plant species including subshrubs, shrubs and trees (Dorycnium pentaphyllum Scop., Erica multiflora L., Fumana ericoides (L.) Webb, Globularia alypum L., Pinus halepensisMill and Rosmarinus officinalis L.). Genome size values have been assessed by flow cytometry from plants growing in their natural habitats, in plots with a...
September 2010
The effects of seed coating treatment on yield and yield components in some cotton (Gossypium hirsitum L.) varieties
The use of delinted cotton seeds in cotton planting instead of fuzzy cotton seeds has spread recently. Cotton planting area of the world was 32,150,000 ha in 2003 - 2004. Approximately 45 - 50% of the planting seed in the world is delinted. This signifies that nearly 16,000,000 ha cotton area is planted by delinted cotton seed. In this study, coating fuzzy cotton seeds is proposed as an alternative to delintation....
September 2010
The effects of NPK and farm yard manure on the growth and development of the African yam bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa Hochst ex. a rich)
A study on the growth and developmental responses of the African yam bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa) to river sand amended with NPK and Farm yard manure was carried out. Treatment of soil with 25, 50 and 100% farm yard manure (FYM) significantly (P < 0.01) retarded the growth and development of the crop while 12.5% significantly enhanced growth. Major mineral elements supplied as NPK, NK, NP, and PK produced...
September 2010
Inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers as reproducible and specific tools for genetic diversity analysis of rose species
Rose is one of the most important cultivated ornamental plants in the world. A molecular approach using inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers was applied to seven species of Rosa. To obtain clear and reproducible bands on 2% agarose gels, 9 ISSR primers and 5 parameters (annealing temperature, DNA concentrations, primer concentrations, Taq DNA polymerase and MgCl2concentrations) were screened. The...
September 2010
Occurrence and recalcitrance of polyethylene bag waste in Nigerian soils
Attempts to biodegrade polyethylene bag wastes (pure water sachets) weighing 25.2 g each were made by burying them in the soil and subjecting them to acid treatment (0.5 M HNO3) and alkaline treatment (0.5 M NaOH) over a 24 week study period. The experimental polyethylene bags (ED1) were inoculated with a strain of Pseudomonas spp. isolated from a refuse dump and by inorganic nutrient supplementation to facilitate...
September 2010
Vegetation zonation along the geological and geo-morphological gradient at Eastern slope of Sulaiman range, Pakistan
The vegetation of gypsiferous strata of Sulaiman range (30°33/ N to 30°41/30// north latitude and 70°32/ E to 70°41/30// east longitude, annual rainfall more than 100 mm) was analyzed using ordination (DECORANA) and classificatory cluster analysis techniques. Four plant associations were recognized in the study area. The application of the classification to the ordination...
September 2010
Influence of amendments on soil structure and soil loss under simulated rainfall China’s loess plateau
Macromolecule polymers are significant types of chemical amendments because of their special structure, useful functions and low cost. Macromolecule polymers as soil amendment provide new territory for studying China’s agricultural practices and for soil and water conservation, because polymers have the ability to improve soil structure, increase rainfall penetration and control slope runoff....
September 2010
Fermentation potentials of Zymomonas mobilis and its application in ethanol production from low-cost raw sweet potato
The effects of pH, high concentration of glucose and the initial ethanol content on the fermentation process of ethanol with three strains of Zymomonas mobilis were investigated and the strain of ATCC 29191 was chosen for the next study. The optimal parameters for the ethanol fermentation were studied using the sweet potato raw material as feedstock with an orthogonal experimental design. It was found that the...
September 2010
Promotion of ganoderic acid production in Ganoderma sinense by the addition of an ether extract from Eupolyphaga sinensis, a medicinal insect
To screen stimulators from Chinese medicinal insects for mycelial growth and ganoderic acid (GA) production by Ganoderma sinense, the fungus was inoculated into the media with and without supplementation of a medicinal insect extract. The results show that all the water and ether extracts from the medicinal insects had no significant stimulatory effect on the biomass production (P > 0.05), and the extracts...
September 2010
Composition and screening of antifungal activity against Cladosporium sphaerospermum and Cladosporium cladosporioides of essential oils of leaves and fruits of Piper species
This study investigated the composition and antifungal activity againstCladosporium sphaero-spermum and Cladosporium cladosporioides of essential oils of leaves of Piper cernuum, Piper diospyrifolium, Piper crassinervium, Piper solmsianum and Piper umbelata and fruits of P. cernuum and P. diospyrifolium.The essentials oils were analyzed by GC-MS and...
September 2010
Antagonistic bioactivity of an endophytic bacterium H-6
An endophytic bacterium, H-6, was isolated from leaves of Huperzia serrata grown in the Lushan Mountain, China. The strain was identified as Burkholderia sp. H-6 based on morphological, physiological and biochemical methods as well as on 16S rDNA analysis. This strain inhibited mycelium growth in vitro of 6 plant pathogenic fungi, especially of Phytophthora capsici, Fusarium...
September 2010
Fish product quality evaluation based on temperature monitoring in cold chain
As one kind of perishable food, fish product is at risk of suffering various damages during cold chain and temperature is the most important factor to affect the product quality. This research work on frozen tilapia fillet was aimed at evaluating the fish product quality and predict shelf-life through monitoring temperature change inside the refrigerated vehicle with the radio frequency identification (RFID) technology...
September 2010
The perception of agricultural researchers about the role of nanotechnology in achieving food security
Agricultural researchers in the Province of Isfahan were surveyed in order to explore their perception about role of nanotechnology in food security. The methodology used in this study involved a combination of descriptive and quantitative research and included the use of correlation, regression and descriptive analysis as data processing methods. The total population for this study was 76 agriculture researchers in the...
September 2010
Effect of nanoliposomes on the stabilization of incorporated retinol
Nanoliposomes containing retinol were prepared, and the stability of the incorporated retinol was evaluated. Average particle size of nanoliposomes was 98 nm. Retinol was readily incorporated into nanoliposomes with incorporation efficiencies higher than 99%. The bare retinol in the buffer was almost degraded within 2 days of storage, while at least, over 20% of the initial retinol in nanoliposomes was kept until 8 days...
September 2010
Prevalence of hepatitis B in the blood donors of N-W.F.P and FATA regions and the current scenario of HBV infection in Pakistan
Hepatitis B is a fatal liver disease caused by the hepatitis B virus. In this study, blood donors from various districts of the North-western frontier province and the federally administered tribal area (FATA) of Pakistan were tested for HBsAg and HBV DNA by ICT (Immuno-chromatographic test), ELISA and RT-PCR. Out of the 7148 blood donors, 244 (3.41%) were positive for HBsAg by ICT, 147 (2.05%) by ELISA while 132...
September 2010
Impact of Bollgard® genetically modified cotton on the biodiversity of arthropods under practical field conditions in Brazil
Using cotton cultivars that express a gene of the Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) bacterium producing a protein (Cry1Ac) with an insecticide effect on the Lepidoptera pests has made it possible to reduce the number of insecticide applications during the crop cycle. Thus, the objective was to determine, in the field during the 2006/2007 harvest in Dourados/MS, Brazil, the impact of the transgenic cultivar...
September 2010
Length-weight relationships for 13 fish species from the Gulf of Gabes (Southern Tunisia, Central Mediterranean)
Length-weight relationships (LWR) were estimated for 13 fish species which are of economic relevance in the commercial fisheries of the Gulf of Gabes (southern Tunisia). A total of 2403 fish specimens were sampled with several fishing gears from October 2008 to September 2009. The sample size ranged from 65 individuals for Coryphaena hippurus to 346 for Euthynnus alletteratus. The b values in...
September 2010
Exploration of water-recycled cassava bioethanol production integrated with anaerobic digestion treatment
Due to the limited success of discharge target-hitting treatment in coping with environmental pollution from the alcohol industry, our attention was directed towards the distillery spent (DS) wash recycle in a cleaner bioethanol production by integrating anaerobic digestion treatment with conventional fermentation. An anaerobic digestion effluent from an alcohol waste water treatment plant is applicable for single...
September 2010
Heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Ni and Pb) content in two fish species of Persian Gulf in Bushehr Port, Iran
Heavy metal (HMs) pollution of aquatic environment has become a great concern in recent years. In this study, cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni) and lead (Pb) levels were determined in muscle and skin of two important consumed fishes (Indo-Pacific king mackerel and Tigertooth croaker) in Bushehr Province in the Southwestern of Iran. Heavy metal concentrations were analyzed by using inductively coupled plasma (ICP)....
September 2010
Evaluation of allelopathic potential of some selected medicinal species
Laboratory trials were made to evaluate the allelopathic potential of selected medicinal species. The aqueous extracts bioassay on two test plants (wheat and pea) was carried out through filter paper method. Toxicity and non toxicity was assessed by recording their effects on germination and percentage growth of radicle and plumule of test plants. The trials were replicated three times in Randomized Complete Split...
September 2010
An efï¬cient system for the production of the medicinally important plant: Asparagus cochinchinensis (Lour.) Merr.
An in vitro cultivation protocol was developed for Asparagus cochinchinensis a species threatened by over collection due to its importance as a medicinal plant in China. Adventitious shoot induction was most successful by using hypocotyls as explants for propagation on Murashige and Skoog (Murashige et al., 1962) medium supplemented with 4.5 µM N6-benzylaminopurine (BA) only as well as...
September 2010
Structural changes and effect of denopamine on alveolar fluid clearance in hypoxic rat lungs
Terbutaline (β2-adrenergic agonist) can increase alveolar fluid clearance (AFC) under physiologic and pathologic conditions. It is unknown whether β1-adrenergic agonists also increase AFC under pathologic conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of denopamine (β1- adrenergic agonist ) on AFC in hypoxic lung injury and the possible mechanisms involved. Hypoxic rats were...
September 2010
Effects of β-Mannanase on broiler performance, gut morphology and immune system
An experiment was designed to assess the effects of graded levels of β-mannanase on performance, gut morphology and some blood proteins and leucocytes of broilers provided with diets based on corn and soybean meal. Broiler chickens are divided four group and supplied diet which contains 0, 500, 700, or 900 g/ton β-mannanase. Each treatment contained 4 pen with 15 birds/pen. 900 g/ton β-mannanase...
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