April 2011
Programmed cell death-like behavior in photoperiod-sensitive genic male sterile (PGMS) rice
In photoperiod-sensitive genic male sterile rice (Oryza sativa L.) pollen abort in long day and high temperature, and revert to fertility in short day length and low temperature growth conditions. This type of control of rice plant fertility can facilitate production of hybrid rice using two lines (photoperiod-sensitive genic male sterile (PGMS) and restorer) system. Our objective in this study was to...
April 2011
Characterization of Brassica napus germplasm based on molecular markers
Evaluation of genetic relationships is of prime importance in any breeding studies. The present study was carried out to estimate the genetic diversity of Brassica napus germplasm using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers. A total of 16 B. napus genotypes were evaluated using ten RAPD primers. Bivariate data matrix was generated and genetic distances were calculated using unweighted...
April 2011
Development of mapping populations for genetic analysis in yams (Dioscorea rotundata Poir. and Dioscorea alata L.)
Progress is being made at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA, Ibadan, Nigeria) to develop molecular tools for marker-assisted selection that would complement and expedite conventional breeding approaches for genetic improvement of yams (Dioscorea spp.). F1 full-sib mapping populations were developed from crossing male and female parents of Dioscorea rotundata Poir....
April 2011
Genetic studies in wheat for leaf rust resistance (Puccinia recondita)
Leaf rust is a major disease of wheat crop in the world as a whole. This study was undertaken to find the genetic effects of adult plant leaf resistance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Three wheat crosses were developed from three resistant and one susceptible parent. Six populations (P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1 and BC2) of each cross were grown under field conditions and were artificially inoculated with isolates of...
April 2011
Characterization and sequence analysis of cysteine and glycine-rich protein 3 in Egyptian native cattle and river native buffalo cDNA sequences
Cysteine and glycine rich protein, CSRP3 also referred to as the muscle LIM protein (MLP), has been investigated in native Egyptian cattle and buffalo (river buffalo). RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis were conducted from different tissue samples. Primers specific for CSRP3 were designed using known cDNA sequences of Bos taurus published in database with different accession numbers....
April 2011
Genetic diversity of Jatropha curcas L. populations in Kenya using RAPD molecular markers: Implication to plantation establishment
Jatropha curcas L is an economically potential tree species gaining interest globally because of its feasible contribution towards production of commercial biofuel. Little is known however, of its genetic variation patterns within Kenyan accessions for maximum exploitation. Eight populations covering most of its distribution range in Kenya were sampled and leaves of 160 individual trees collected. Analysis of...
April 2011
The effect of chronic periodontitis on serum levels of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), interleukin-12 (IL-12) and granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)
A complex network of chemokines and pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators is involved in the initiation and progression of chronic periodontitis. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), the main enzymes responsible for matrix degradation, are important for periodontal tissue destruction, but their activity can be inhibited by tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). Interleukin-12 (IL-12) and granulocyte-macrophage...
April 2011
Genetic analysis of seed proteins contents in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.)
In order to select cowpea genotypes with high food value, 10 varieties were genetically screened in Ngaoundéré (Cameroon) for seed crude protein and its soluble fractions contents. Five divergent lines were studied through a 5 x 5 half diallel cross mating. The genotypes presented a significant genetic variability for these parameters (p < 0.05). The globulins constituted the major seed protein...
April 2011
Diversity of a microsatellite locus in the CSN1S1 gene in goat populations raised in the southeastern region of Turkey
The purpose of this study was to investigate the diversity of the microsatellite locus at the CSN1S1 gene in goats raised in southeastern Turkey. DNA was isolated from blood samples collected from goats raised in Kilis (n= 30), Sanliurfa (n= 30) and Siirt (n= 30) provinces of Turkey. The microsatellite locus was amplified using PCR, and fragment lengths of the PCR products were analyzed using a capillary electrophoresis...
April 2011
Acetylation of wood components and fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy studies
In this study, the reactivity of wood components with acetic anhydride or vinyl acetate was studied. It was found that the reactivity of wood components was virgin wood flour > holocellulose >> a-cellulose. Acetylation of Turkish pine or cedar wood flour with acetic anhydride was significantly improved in the presence of potassium carbonate at 100°C. Maximum of about 20 and 18% weight percentage gain...
April 2011
In vitro propagation of orchid (Dendrobium nobile) var. Emma white
Axillary buds of orchid Dendrobium nobile var. Emma white were proliferated by using phytotechnology medium (O753) supplemented with 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 mgl-1 of benzylaminopurine (BAP) and kinetin (Kin) as well as coconut water (CW) at the rate of 50, 100, 150, 200, 250 and 300 ml. Maximum number of shoots (4.33), as well as fresh and dry weights (752.5 and 52.99 mg) were obtained at 2...
April 2011
Cultivation of the bacterium Azotobacter chroococcum for preparation of biofertilizers
The biomass of the bacterium Azotobacter chroococcum can be used as a biofertilizer due to its ability to fix nitrogen from the atmosphere. In order to optimize the production of bacterial biomass for this purpose, a cultivation of A. chroococcum was done by using different media and cultivation techniques (batch, fed batch and repeated batch). Chemically defined and complex media with 20 g/l of...
April 2011
Soybean response to nitrogen fertilizer under water deficit conditions
In order to determine the effect of water deficit and nitrogen fertilizer application on growth indices, yield and yield component of three soybean (Glycine Max L. Merr) genotypes a split plot factorial experiment based on randomized complete block with three replications was carried out. Soybean genotypes (Williams, K1410 and HS95-4118) were subjected to three irrigation regimes (90, 120 and 150 evaporation from...
April 2011
Control of powdery mildew (Leveillula taurica) on tomato by foliar sprays of liquid potassium silicate (K2SiO3)
A foliar application of soluble silicon (liquid potassium silicate) was tested for the control of powdery mildew of tomato for 2 years in the field conditions on susceptible cultivar Alida F1. Powdery mildew in field-grown staked tomato, caused by Leveillula taurica was significantly controlled by a foliar spray of either K2SiO3 or Bayleton + sulfur. Potassium silicate applied on a 12 day schedule...
April 2011
Chemical changes of spinach waste during composting and vermicomposting
In Punjab (India), Spinach is the most widely used leafy vegetable in tempting cuisines like ‘Palak paneer’ and ‘Sarson ka Saag’, but more than 50% of its remnants are directly dumped as garbage, which otherwise can be utilized as source of organic manure. Considering this, the present study was planned to prepare compost and vermicompost of spinach collected from the supermarket of Amritsar and...
April 2011
Adsorptive removal of direct dyes by low cost rice husk: Effect of treatments and modifications
In the present study, free, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-immobilized, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-alginate immobilized and chemically treated rice husk biomass was used for the biosorption of Everdirect Orange-3GL and Direct Blue-67 dyes. Maximum biosorption capacity of free, immobilized and hydrochloric acid treated biomass was observed for both dyes at low pH. Comparative study of free, immobilized and HCl treated...
April 2011
Study on optimal biodegradation of terephthalic acid by an isolated Pseudomonas sp.
The biodegradation of terephthalic acid (TA) by the Pseudomonas sp. was researched in this paper. The optimal nitrogen source was urea with its concentration of 1400 mg/l. The optimal conditions for TA degradation were optimized by orthogonal test. The test result showed the pH 7.0, temperature of 30°C and shaking speed of 140 rpm were the best condition for degradation. In that condition, terephthalic...
April 2011
Quantification of alkaloids, phenols and flavonoids in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)
Allelochemicals in leaves, stems and roots of sunflower (cv Hysun 38) were determined using thin layer chromatography (TLC) for alkaloids and spectrophotometry for phenols and flavonoids. In the TLC, the highest Rf value was recorded in leaves, followed by roots and stems, a sequence that held true also for the quantity of phenols and flavonoids. The soil texture, which was sandy loam, was not changed before or...
April 2011
Investigation of corrosion effect of mild steel on orange juice
This paper aims to investigate the corrosion effect of mild steel in orange juice using a weight loss technique. Test specimens with known weights were immersed in the test media (orange juice with preservatives, natural orange juice and water) for a total exposure time of 10 days. Weight loss was measured at two day intervals for the determination of corrosion rate effect. Corrosion aggressive substance was discovered...
April 2011
Kinetic studies of alkaline phosphatase extracted from rabbit (Lepus townsendii) liver
Studies were carried out to ascertain some kinetic properties of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) extracted from Lepus townsendii liver. Incubation of ALP extract with 4-nitrophenylphosphate (4-NPP) formed the basis for determination of enzyme activity. Spectrophotometric method was used to assay the enzyme activity, and the kinetic constants-maximum enzyme velocity (Vmax) and Michealis-Menten constant (Km) were...
April 2011
Protective effects of flavonoids from corn silk on oxidative stress induced by exhaustive exercise in mice
The present study aims at exploring the effects of flavonoids from corn silk (FCS) on oxidative stress induced by exhaustive exercise in mice. Sixty mice were randomized into 3 groups: Low-dose FCS treatment group (LFG), high-dose FCS treatment group (HFG) and control group (CG). The mice were treated with FCS (100 and 400 mg/kg) or placebo (distilled water) by daily oral gavage for 28 days.After the...
April 2011
Heat stable peroxidases from Vigna species (V)
Shoots of three landraces of a Vigna species from two climatic areas of Cameroon were evaluated for their content of heat-resistant peroxidases. The peroxidase activity in the three landraces was detected with a greater catalytic efficiency for oxidation of O-dianisidine relative to ABTS (2, 2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) at pH 5. For example, with respect to the landrace named Vs1...
April 2011
In vitro evaluation of antioxidant activities of free and bound phenolic compounds from Posidonia oceanica (l.) Delile leaves
The contents of phenolics, flavonoids and proanthocyanidins were determined in FPC and BPC extracted from Posidonia oceanica leaves. High phenolic content was obtained in both FPC and BPC (328.00 and 407 mg/g, respectively). Flavonoids were mainly detected in BPC (94.4 mg quercetin equivalent/g). However, the amount of flavonoids in FPC was 2 times lower. The amount of proanthocyanidins was slightly higher in...
April 2011
Isolation and partial characterization of a protease enzyme from Thaumatococcus daniellii waste
A protease enzyme was isolated and partially purified from the pulp ofThaumatococcus daniellii fruit by gel filtration on sephadex G-75 followed by ion-exchange column chromatography on DEAE-cellulose. The enzyme showed a specific activity of 4.75 × 10-1 unit/mg protein and 6.93 × 10-1 unit/mg protein, respectively after each purification procedure. The purified enzyme had...
April 2011
Anti-nociceptive, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effects of the methanolic extract of Bombax buonopozense leaves in rats and mice
Methanolic extract of Bombax buonopozense was evaluated for possible anti-nociceptive, anti-inflammatory and anti-pyretic activities in mice and rats. Acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction test in mice and formalin test in rats were used to investigate the antinociceptive effect of the extract. Studies were carried out on yeast-induced pyrexia and egg albumin-induced anti-inflammatory activity in...
April 2011
Changes on the nutritional compositions of the sand smelt (Atherina Boyeri Risso, 1810) marinade during storage
This study was carried out to evaluate the chemical and sensory quality of sand smelt (Atherina boyeri) treated with marinating solution containing either 10% NaCl+2% acetic acid or 10% NaCl+3% acetic acid at 4°C for 120 days. The fish-to-marinating solution ratio was 1:1. According to the results of the chemical composition analysis of the fresh and marinated sand smelt, a significant increase (P<0.05) in ash...
April 2011
Acute effects of copper and lead on some blood parameters on Coruh trout (Salmo coruhensis)
The present study was to evaluate whether short-term exposures (3 h) to high concentrations of heavy metals may induce blood cells in Coruh trout (Salmo coruhensis). It was investigated that copper and lead have effects on haematocrit,serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic and pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), total protein, blood cell numbers and erythrocyte morphology of S....
April 2011
In vitro callus induction and plant regeneration from mature seed embryo and young shoots in a giant sympodial bamboo, Dendrocalamus farinosus (Keng et Keng f.) Chia et H.L. Fung
The method for callus induction, adventitious shoot induction and plant regeneration derived from mature embryos of the seed and young shoots in Dendrocalamus farinosus was examined. For young shoots, the lowest callus induction frequency (21.0 to 29.7%) was obtained and the induced callus became brown and perished after two weeks. For mature embryos of the seed, an efficient protocol for callus induction,...
April 2011
Direct and indirect plant regeneration from various explants of eastern cottonwood clones (Populus deltoides Bartram ex Marsh.) with tissue culture
Populus species are important resource for certain branches of industry and have special roles for scientific study on biological and agricultural systems. Plant regeneration via direct and indirect organogenesis of four Populus deltoidesBartram ex Marsh. ssp. deltoides × Populus deltoides Bartram ex Marsh. ssp.deltoides hybrid clones (89 M 011, 89 M 044, 89 M...
April 2011
The validity and accuracy in foot-to-foot bioelectrical impedance analysis measuring models referenced by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in body composition in standing position
The criterion validity of foot-to-foot (ZF-F) by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) in a standing position measuring models was referenced by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and hand-to-foot (ZH-F). In order to cross match analysis, both of the ZH-F and ZF-F measuring by BIA were performed in the same event to the identical subject, simultaneously. 105 males (7 to 70 years old) and 108 females (7...
April 2011
Effect of different levels and particle sizes of perlite on serum biochemical factors of broiler chicks
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different levels and particle sizes of perlite in broiler chicks’ diets on serum biochemical factors. For the stated purpose, 280 day-old Ross 308 broiler chicks were allocated to seven treatments and four replications in a factorial experiment on the basis of randomized complete block design. One factor consisted of two levels (perlite particle sizes...
April 2011
Efficacy of natural zeolite and pigments on yolk color and performance of laying hens
An in vivo study was conducted to evaluate pigment adsorptive ability of a natural zeolite in laying hens. This experiment was performed with three hundred sixty Hy-line W-36 strain of laying hens at 43 weeks of age. After a two weeks adaptation period, they received six experimental diets with a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design. The experimental groups were fed with...
April 2011
Tulathromycin disturbs blood oxidative and coagulation status
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of tulathromycin on serum oxidative status and coagulation factors in rabbits. Tulathromycin was administered to eight rabbits, and blood samples were obtained 0, 1, 5, 10 and 15 days after treatment. Indicators of serum oxidative status (malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, superoxide dismutase, retinol and β-carotene) and coagulation values (antithrombin III,...
April 2011
Natural plant revegetation on reclaimed coal mine landscapes in Agacli-Istanbul
In this study, natural vegetation development was compared on one abandoned open coal mine spoil and three reclaimed coal mine areas with umbrella pine-Pinus pinea L., maritime pine-Pinus pinaster Ait. and leguminous black locust-Robinia pseudoacacia L. in Agacli-Istanbul. Soil data of these sample areas were determined in previous studies. These properties demonstrate physically and...
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