Educational Research and Reviews

  • Abbreviation: Educ. Res. Rev.
  • Language: English
  • ISSN: 1990-3839
  • DOI: 10.5897/ERR
  • Start Year: 2006
  • Published Articles: 2008

Full Length Research Paper

How Turkish universities have evolved through constitutional changes

Mustafa Guclu
  • Mustafa Guclu
  • Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Education, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
  • Google Scholar


  •  Received: 07 November 2019
  •  Accepted: 03 March 2020
  •  Published: 31 March 2020

References

Akyüz Y (2018). Turkish history of education, (30th edn). Ankara: Pegem Publications.

 

Albornaz O (1991). Autonomy and accountability in higher education. Prospect 21(2):204-213.
Crossref

 
 

Arslan M (2005). Democratization debates in our universities in the context of university reforms in the Republican period. Journal of Social Sciences Institute 18:23-49.

 
 

Ataünal A (1993). Developments in higher education in the Republican period. Ankara: Ministry of Education Higher Education General Directorate Publications.

 
 

Berdahl R (1990). Academic freedom, autonomy and accountability in British universities. Studies in Higher Education 15(2):169-180.
Crossref

 
 

Bingöl B (2012). The changing definition of university autonomy and the reconstruction of universities. Hacette University; Journal of the Faculty of Law 2(2):39-75.

 
 

Bulut F (2011). The international dimension of the youth protests of the 68 generation and Ataturk and Kemalism understanding bringing about the 68 generation in Turkey. ÇTTAD 9(23):123-149.

 
 

Chiragov E (2015). Publicity of universities: the collapse of public universities. Unpublished master's thesis. Ankara University Social Sciences Institute.

 
 

Charle C, Verger J (2005). The history of universities. Ankara: Dost Publishing.

 
 

Çiftçi A (1993). Turkish education law. Ankara: Meteksan Publication.

 
 

DemirtaÅŸ A (2019). From darülfünün to university faculty members, Ä°stanbul: Büyüyen Ay Publications.

 
 

ErdoÄŸan A (2016). Foreign education and modernization in the Ottoman Empire. Ä°stanbul: Büyüyen Ay Publications.

 
 

ErdoÄŸan Ä° (2004). The Turkish education system towards the new millennium. Ä°stanbul: Sistem Publications.

 
 

Gök F (1998). The educational system and universities in the Republic period. Journal of Economics 383:75-80.

 
 

Gözler K (1999). The Turkish constitutions. Bursa: Ekin Publishing House.

 
 

Gülcan MG (2019). The law of education. Ankara: Pegem Publications.

 
 

Güler A (1994). University reforms in Turkey. Ankara: Adım Publications.

 
 

Gürüz K (2003). Turkey and the world in higher education history and current management and administration systems, (2nd edn). Ankara: OSYM Publications.

 
 

Gürüz K (2008). The Turkish national education system at the beginning of the twenty-first century. Ä°stanbul: Is Bank Culture Publications.

 
 

HatiboÄŸlu MT (1998). The history of the university in Turkey. Ankara: Selvi Publications.

 
 

Hirsch E (1950). World universities and the development of universities in Turkey; the 'autonomy of the university'. Ankara: Ankara University Publications.

 
 

Karasar N (2005). Scientific research methods, (15th edn). Ankara: Nobel Publications.

 
 

Kavak Y (1990). Environmental activities of higher education institutions in priority development regions. Ankara: TOBB Publications.

 
 

Korkut H (1983). Education in the Republican era: universities. Ä°stanbul: MEB Publications.

 
 

Korkut H (1984). Turkish universities and university research. Ankara: Ankara University Publications.

 
 

Korkut H (2002). Higher education questioned. Ankara: Anı Publications.

 
 

Korkut H (2003). University reforms in the Republic period in Turkey. Journal of National Education 160: 23-39.

 
 

Küçükcan T, Gür BS (2009). Higher education in Turkey: a comparative analysis. Ankara: Seta Publications.

 
 

Ortaylı Ä° (2001). From tradition to future. Ä°stanbul: Ufuk Publication. Oxford English Dictionary 

View, accessed 9 October 2019.

 
 

Stella F (2016). Medieval cathedrals, knights, cities; Rhetoric in universities. Prepared by Eco, U. (trans. L. Basmacı), vol. 2. Ä°stanbul: Alfa Publications, TDK. 

View accessed 14 September 2019.

 
 

Tekeli Ä° (2003). Different ways of speaking about university in the world and Turkey. Journal of Society and Science 97:123-143.

 
 

The 1921 Constitution. 

View, accessed 10 September 2019.

 
 

The 1924 Constitution. 

View, accessed 10 September 2019.

 
 

The 1961 Constitution. 

View, accessed 10 September 2019.

 
 

The 1982 Constitution. 

View, accessed 10 September 2019.

 
 

Timur T (2000). Social change and universities. Ankara: Ä°mge Publications.

 
 

Van Bommel B (2019). Between 'bildung' and 'wissenschaft': the 19th-century German ideal of scientific education.

 
 

Yıldırım A, ÅžimÅŸek H (2008). Qualitative research methods. Ankara: Seçkin Publishing.