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For some years, the Republic of Benin has promoted mechanization and modernization of its agricultural sector as a driver of food security, socio-economic development and subregional solidarity. New agricultural technologies such as tractors and pesticides have been introduced into the small-scale farming systems and have reached record adoption rates in various agro-ecological zones of the country. However, rural actors’...
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The study sought to explore the extent to which agricultural policies in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries incorporate Indigenous Knowledge (IK) and its impact on the efforts to document and share agricultural IK through communication efforts. A qualitative content analysis of policy documents from seven SSA countries and eight key informant interviews with knowledge management officers from the seven countries was...
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Uptake of farming technologies by smallholder farmers is necessary to speed up the transition to climate-smart agriculture so as to address the potential impacts of climate change on agricultural production, food security, and reduction of greenhouse gas emission. Using survey data from 341 households, this study analyzes the factors that determine the probability and level of adoption of multiple climate-smart agriculture...
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The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of context of communication between extension officers and farmers on the adoption of Irish potato farming innovations in Kibirichia Ward, Meru County. The problem of the study was that little or no research has been conducted on context of communication between extension officers and farmers in adoption of Irish potato farming in Meru County, hence a gap that demands...
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The use of farmer-based organisations and particularly farmer groups to reach resource poor subsistence farmers is a commonly used approach. The primary focus of this study was to explore the linkages between farmers’ groups and other agricultural innovation system actors. The secondary aim was to assess the relative strengths of those linkages. The study used a cross-sectional design. Data was gathered from 470 farmer...
Beekeeping management practices for sustainable honey production in Osun state, Nigeria
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The study examined the involvement of beekeepers in beekeeping management practices in Osun State and described the beekeepers’ demographic characteristics, as well as the constraints associated with beekeeping management practices among others. A multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select 240 respondents from the three Osun state agricultural development program zones “OSSADEP” namely Iwo, Ife-Ijesa and Osogbo. The...
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In the past few decades, climate-smart agriculture (CSA) has been promoted to improve food security and raise incomes as a strategy for sustainable agricultural development. The adoption rates among smallholder farmers, particularly in Africa, remain low and have varied in different contexts. This study investigated the market participation spillover effects from the adoption of CSA practices in central Malawi using the...
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Following the Ugandan government’s announcement in 2016 that banana xanthomonas wilt (BXW) disease was under control, national-level anti-BXW support dwindled to the point of leaving farmers effectively on their own to continue controlling it. This qualitative case study utilizes data from group and individual interviews, as well as observational walkthroughs of plantations, in one of the previously hardest-hit BXW regions...
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Groundnut production is a major economic activity of smallholder farmers in Northern Ghana. However, these farmers face production losses through Aflatoxin infestation and bad weather conditions which require the use of right planting materials by farmers. This study seeks to analyze determinants of certified groundnut seed (CGS) adoption in Northern Ghana. A Multi-stage sampling technique was used to collect...
Socioeconomic Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic and the Ethiopian Responses: A Review Article
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This article examines the socio-economic impact of COVID-19 and Ethiopia's response to the pandemic from its emergency to yet. This pandemic is a major pandemic for affected individuals, both locally and nationally. The COVID-19 pandemic is causing significant loss of revenue and remittances in many countries, especially in Ethiopia. It certainly brings to mind the problems of covand-19 in other African countries. Ethiopia...
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Dairy goat farming is a significant source of income, particularly for low-income families. However, 75% of the dairy goat products business is still unorganized in Kenya, making its marketing difficult. This study surveyed dairy products in selected supermarkets in Nyeri, Meru and Kiambu Counties. The purpose was to identify the types of dairy products sold in supermarkets, the sales preferences, reasons for stocking and...
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The vital objectives of the study were to assess the food security status, to assess the primary factors that decide food security, and to survey the method for dealing with hardship or stress utilized by powerless families of Hababo Guduru by alluring basic enlightening insights. For this study, a multi-stage examining strategy was utilized to pick test families. The 60 families were designated from two specific kebeles....
Factors of Migration in Garhwal Division of Uttarakhand
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Migration in India is both a historical and present phenomenon. People have always moved in search of work, in response to environmental shocks and stresses, to escape religious persecution and political conflict. Uttarakhand is facing a very big problem of migration from hill to plains not from now but from a long time before. The poor status of agriculture, absence of industries and other sources of income and employment...
Substantial Factors Influencing the Performance of Rice farmers in Mbeya Region, Tanzania.
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Crops production subsector depends on various factors including natural factors as well as non-natural factors. Meanwhile, in vast areas of Tanzania including the Mbeya Region rice farmers struggle to make their living through rice farming regardless of various challenges with which the subsector is crumbled. This study aimed at assessing the factors influencing the performance of rice farming in the Mbeya Region of...
Socio-Economic factors influencing income from maize production in Kiryandongo district, Uganda
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Many smallholder farmers produce maize for both consumption and income purposes. Despite the role played by maize, its income is low especially in the developing countries. In order to increase its farm income, it was necessary to have the knowledge on the factors influencing income from maize production. This study therefore determined the socio-economic factors influencing income from maize production. Data were...
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This study looked at crop-producing households' technical efficiency and the implications of rural-to-urban migration on it in the Gurage Zone of Ethiopia. The data were obtained from 384 randomly selected rural households and analyzed using the Stochastic Frontier and Propensity Score Matching Models. According to the findings, non-migrant households, migrant-sending households, and whole samples had mean technical...
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Global Good Agricultural Practices (GLOBALGAP) are a set of guidelines on food safety and quality, environmental practices, farm workers safety and health-care practices that farmers who produce fruits and vegetables for export to western countries are supposed to comply with. Studies have not been conducted to investigate how these guidelines resonate with the socioeconomic characteristics of smallholder farmers yet these...
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Intercropping is the simultaneous cultivation of two or more crops in both space and time. The study was done during the main rainy season of 2019 in the Adola Rede and Odo Shakiso districts of Guji Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia. The study’s objectives included evaluating yield output and cost-benefit ratio of maize-haricot bean intercropping practices under farmers’ condition and assessing farmers’ and others stakeholders’...
Youth and Agriculture in the Rural Ethiopia: Challenges and prospects in Focus.
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The study set out to understand the challenges and prospects of the youth who engaged in agriculture in the rural Ethiopia. The study also tried to understand the socio-economic conditions of youth, youths’ perception of agriculture, and pull and push factors to and away from agriculture. To this end, a qualitative research approach was employed to collect and analyze data relevant to meet the study objectives. In-depth...
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In spite of several strategies implemented to improve sorghum production in Ghana, average grain yield in farmers’ fields remains low and far below the estimated potential. The development of effective strategies requires continuous, in-depth understanding of production constraints as well as farmer preferences for crop traits. To this end, a participatory rural appraisal using focus group discussions, interviews with...
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In Uganda, control of ticks and tick-borne diseases (TTBDs) largely depends on the use of chemicals applied using different methods. This cross-sectional study assessed 17 factors to determine the effectiveness and limitations in the use of the recently adopted acaricide application methods on dairy cattle farms in south-western Uganda. The average annual morbidity and mortality due to tick-borne diseases were 42.6% and...
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Commercialization of research technologies and innovations by Research Institutes is being intensified due to declining government funding for research and dwindling donor inflows. Lack of quality planting materials continues to be a major challenge in the production of plantains. CSIR-Crops Research Institute signed a three-year contract with a private company to supply quality plantain plantlets using the...
Farming Methods and the Livelihood Outcomes of Women in Eastern Uganda
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Farming methods are closely linked to livelihood outcomes of women. The techniques of farming and the manner in which they are applied affects realization of livelihood outcomes. Even though rural women aim at attaining positive outcomes, their efforts are jeopardized by farming practices. This situation is exacerbated by gender disparities in knowledge and skills, inadequate access to productive resources and power...
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The debate on integration of shade trees on farmers’ fields is lately becoming pronounced due to the increasing land fragmentation, particularly in the highlands where the number of trees on farm is reducing drastically. In these farmlands, the choice of shade trees is the result of complex farmers’ analysis and valuation of tradeoffs between the increasing productivity, socioeconomic and environmental benefits that they...
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Climate variability and change has caused instability in production and decline in productivity exacerbating food insecurity particularly in Latin America, Africa including Ethiopia and some parts of Asia. The magnitude and frequency of extreme climatic events is projected to increase. The effects of these climatic changes will become even more pronounced among small scale farmers whose farming activities are weather...
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The average yield of finger millet is low in Ethiopia, specifically in Western Oromia due to different production constraints such as limited availability of improved varieties, lack of formal seed delivery system, and limited adoption of the available technologies. To this, BARC in collaboration with AGP-II conducted the pre-scale up and popularized full packaged improved finger millet varieties in cluster approach at...
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Swiss chard is amongst the widely cultivated green leafy vegetables that play a significant role in alleviation of food insecurity and malnutrition in South Africa. Greenhouse experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of Bioslurry effluent on growth, biological yield and nutrient content of Swiss chard. Two cultivars of Swiss chard (Fordhook giant and Star 1801) were planted in 10 plots of 4.5 m² using sand...
Determinants of Rural Youth Unemloyment: The Case of Essera Districts, Dawro Zone, Southen Ethiopia
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The prevalence of youth unemployment is one of the socio- economic problems facing Ethiopia in general and study area in particular, where the youth faces severe challenge in getting work. But, the issue of unemployment in the area and the youth unemployment especially in the rural areas so far was not well assessed. In light of this problem, this study is conducted with an objective of assessing the determinants of rural...
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Intercropping is the simultaneous cultivation of two or more crops in both space and time. The activity took place during the main rainy season of 2019 in the Adola Rede and Odo Shakiso districts of Guji Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia. The demonstration Objectives included evaluating yield output and cost-benefit ratio of maize-haricot bean intercropping practices under farmers’ condition and assessing farmers’ and others...
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This study uses structural equation modelling (SEM) and path diagram techniques to examine challenges faced by women in the agricultural sector cooperatives in Southeast Nigeria. The data are from a cross-section survey of randomly selected women cooperative members. Results suggest that women with poor economic status are less likely to have access to improved technology, labour, off-farm employment, and improved...
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This study was conducted in rural villages of Ethiopia. It aimed to analyze the statistical association between rural multidimensional poverty, livelihoods, and access to agricultural extension services. A cross-sectional household-level primary data were collected from 387 samples. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Results show that no statistical significance differences between...
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Tomato is one of the most important fruit vegetable crops in Ethiopia supporting the livelihood and improving the economic life of many farmers in the country. Despite the importance of the crop, the productivity of crop is low due to poor production management factors such as limitation on availability of pesticides and fungicides, limitation to access information, market fluctuation, and shelf life of the crop. The study...
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The factors that have the most significant influence on community participation need to be determined and strengthened, if enhanced community participation in irrigation projects is to be achieved. Despite the good intentions of the government of Tanzania to adopt community participation as a necessary condition in implementation of agricultural development projects, failure of irrigation projects remains a problem...
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Violent conflicts have been a pervasive featurein many developing countries especially in Africa leading to destruction of people’s lives and livelihoods. In Northern Uganda, the war between the Government forces and the Lord’sResistance Army (LRA) led to devastating impacts on peoples’ lives and livelihoods.In order to restore the peoples’ livelihoods in the war affected Northern Uganda, the Government of Uganda...
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The first need for this study arises because thisCentury has marked a significant evolution of program development and project management. Hence, project and program management have gradually transformed overtime from just management techniques to an overall complex system involving systematic methods, attitudes, values and opinions. It has been observed that Governance and Organizational thinking through program and...
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This study assessed opportunities and challenges experienced by smallholder farmers in using/adopting climate smart agriculture to adapt to climate change and variability in Kilosa district, Tanzania. The main objective of this study was to establish adoption level of climate smart agriculture practices and its contribution in enhancing crop production and adaptive capacity in improving food security among smallholder...
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Climate change is aggravates floods, drought, crop pests and diseases which has higher impact on agricultural production. The main objective of study is to assess the determinants of farmers’ choices of adaptation strategies to climate change. Primary and secondary data were used. A Multistage sampling technique was used. The total of 196 sampled households were selected randomly and proportional size to each...
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The costs of maize production per ha in the Eastern Cape Province are escalating due to an increase in mechanisation and input costs. Conservation agriculture (CA) has been identified as one the systems that can reduce costs of production and improve maize productivity. Most famers in the district still require tangible evidence on the benefits and impacts of minimal soil disturbance. Hence it was necessary to conduct this...
Farmers’ Awareness And Attitude Towards Entertainment
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This study was undertaken to assess the awareness and attitude of farmers to Entertainment Education (EE) in Anambra State. Farmers’ socioeconomic characteristics, identification of Entertainment Education strategies, ascertaining the farmers’ knowledge and attitude were examined in this study. REPHRAISE Simple random sampling was used to select a total of a hundred (100) respondents. The interview schedule was used...
Social economic determinants of cassava commercialization in Busia County of Kenya
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Cassava (Manihot esculenta) remains an important root crop that is consumed by more than 400 million people in the world. It is an important source of starch products and animal feeds. The crop has high a yield potential, can withstand pests and disease attack and harsh weather conditions and grows well even on poor soils throughout the year. Despite its importance, cassava is mainly grown for subsistence use especially in...
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Credit service utilization fills the gap of finance and improves agricultural technology use. However, limited use of credit enhances low level of living due to low productivity and income. The study was conducted to analyze smallholder farmers’ credit service utilization in case of Omo microfinance in Mareka District, Dawuro Zone, SNNPRS, Ethiopia. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 4 rural kebeles out of...
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This study was conducted in Lower Gweru Communal area of Zimbabwe to determine the perceptions of extension agents on factors affecting small-scale resource-constrained farmers’ technology adoption and innovation processes. The effects of extension agents’ working conditions on the quality of service delivery to farmers were also investigated. Data were collected by means of semi-structured interviews conducted with...
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This paper investigates the farmers’ perception on soil fertility replenishment technologies in the North Rift Region of Kenya. A survey was conducted in Trans Nzoia and Uasin Gishu counties of the North Rift Region of Kenya. A total of 108 respondents were interviewed. A two stage random sampling technique was employed in the study. In the first stage, farmer groups growing maize as the main crop were selected. The...
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This analysis evaluates the effect of FADAMA III undertakings on the recipients' income nexus in Kano State. A survey of 500 respondents was made utilizing stratified sampling method and the information was gathered utilizing organized poll between June and September 2019. Statistical analysis including tables and diagrams were utilized for analyzing the results. The discoveries that over 70% of the recipients have had...
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Using the participatory action research methodology (IPAR) method, the input and knowledge of different stakeholder groups is an ongoing process to establish best water user practices to allocate limited resources. Ongoing studies are being held for barrier and flood prevention solutions, integration of competing water user sectors, and evaluation of customary practices and rules. The establishments of updated regulations...
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The survey was conducted to assess the challenges and opportunities of small-scale extensive/backyard and semi-intensive poultry farming in Nekemte city of East Wollega Zone Oromia regional state, Ethiopia. The study population was voluntary individuals who are practicing poultry farming in the city. Data were collected using pre-tested structured questionnaires and analyzed by descriptive statistics using SPSS version 16....
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Commercial transformation of subsistence farming is crucial pathway towards economic growth more specifically smallholders’ commercialization. The major objective of this study was identify institutional challenges in smallholders’ commercialization in Mieso and Gumbi-Bordode districts of West Hararghe Zone, Oromia National Regional State, Ethiopia. Principal component analysis of multivariate data reduction technique...
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This study sought to establish the influence of utilization of extension services on performance of hybrid sweet potato projects in Kenya: A case of Njoro Sub-County, Nakuru County. The study was grounded on the theory of collective action. The philosophical underpinning of this study was pragmatism where a mixed method approach was used in a descriptive survey study design. The target population of this study was a sample...
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The effects of socio-economic characteristics of cocoa farmers on training needs on Good Agricultural Practices is the focus of this study. The study was conducted in Ondo state, South-Western Nigeria. A total of 294 cocoa farmers were the sample size of the study, these were selected through a multi-stage sampling procedure. Information were gathered from the respondents through pretested and validated interview schedule....
Income shocks and child labor: evidence for the rural Dominican Republic
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Child labor is a social problem with economic consequences for the growth and development of countries in the short and long term, affecting children's physical and mental development because it interferes with their future wages. This article aims to assess how negative income shocks and economic assets are associated with child labor in the Dominican Republic. This issue is particularly important in the rural area, which...
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