Phosphorus adsorption and its relationship to the physical and chemical characteristics with different soil classes
March 2018
In order to determine the characteristics of phosphorus adsorption using the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms and its relationship with some of the chemical and physical properties of soils, a study was developed at the Embrapa Soil Laboratory with soil samples (0 - 30 cm) from four classes of topsoil: Orthic Chromic Luvisols, Eutrophic Cambisols, Fluvic Neossol and Eutrophic Cambisols Typical. The hyperbolic model of...
Effect of poultry litter biochar on Ultisol physical properties
March 2018
A study was carried out to investigate the effect of biochar produced from the pyrolysis of poultry litter feedstock in some of the physical properties of a Yellow Red Argisol eutrophic typical (Ultisol), located in the municipality Lagoa Seca, State of Paraiba, Brazil, that is, granulometric analysis, bulk density, porosity and available water capacity. Six doses of biochar (0; 10; 15; 20; 25 and 30 ton ha-1)...
Characterization and classification of salt affected soils and irrigation water in Tendaho sugarcane production farm, North-Eastern Rift Valley of Ethiopia
March 2018
Considerable area of land is becoming unproductive every year because of salinity and sodicity in lowlands of Ethiopia. For sound land use and irrigation water management, it is a paramount important to know the chemical composition of soils and irrigation water. Therefore, the study was aimed to evaluate the physicochemical properties of soils and irrigation water of Tendaho sugarcane production farm, located in...
Definition of smallholder Sheko cattle keepers’ breeding objectives through phenotypic ranking and choice experiments in Ethiopia
February 2018
This study aimed at identifying Sheko cattle keepers' preferences by way of phenotypic ranking and hypothetical choice experiment in their habitat in order to define the indigenous selection criteria. The ranking experiment report was based on 15 cows and 6 to 9 bulls. Three animals of the same sex were randomly assigned in one group that resulted into five groups for cows and two to three groups for bulls. Thirty...
Assessment of the knowledge and use of pesticides by the tomato farmers in Mwea Region, Kenya
February 2018
Current cultivation of vegetables to meet food security standards requires the use of pesticides which reduce losses from pests and diseases. A cross-sectional survey for pesticides use in tomato farms was conducted in Mwea, Kenya to assess the practices and constraints faced by the farmers. Gender, level of education, the use of pesticides in farms, experience in tomato farming, list of common pesticides, periodicity...
Performance of five potato varieties with regards to growth and production of mini-tubers under an aeroponic system in central highlands of Kenya
February 2018
There is limited information on the performance of Kenyan potato varieties under aeroponic systems. Experiments were therefore carried out at the Kenya Agricultural Research Institute (KARI), Tigoni, under an aeroponic system in 2012 and 2013 to evaluate the growth and mini-tubers production of five varieties commonly grown in Kenya and differ in vegetative and reproductive characteristics. The experiment was set up in...
Optimum plot size for experiments with papaya genotypes in field
February 2018
The objective of this study was to determine a suitable plot size for field experiments with papaya genotypes. Two experiments were carried out using a randomized complete block design with 11 and 12 papaya genotypes, respectively. In both experiments, plots consisted of one row, with 10 plants each. Spacing between rows was 3.5 m, with 1.5 m between plants. The characteristic evaluated was fruit production in t ha-1 in...
Using the p-median location model to set up aerodromes for coverage fertilization of eucalyptus plantations
February 2018
In this study an economic analysis was conducted to evaluate problem associated with a geographical information system (GIS) using facility location models for the p-median in order to optimize the location of aerodromes for the aerial fertilization (coverage fertilization) of eucalyptus plantations. The location model was tested on a 9,095.65 ha farm located in the Três Lagoas municipality in the Mato Grosso do...
Studying the volatility effect of agricultural exports on agriculture share of GDP: The case of Egypt
February 2018
This article aims to examine the long and short run relationship between agricultural exports and agriculture share of GDP. Links between series considered are assessed by co-integration analysis using Johansen co-integration technique and ECM-GARCH. Results indicate a positive link in the short and long term between agricultural exports and agriculture share of GDP, as well as co-integration between the pairs of series...
Evaluation of the effect of genotype, environment and genotype X environment interaction on white common bean varieties using additive main effect and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) analysis in the mid-altitude of Bale zone, Southeastern Ethiopia
February 2018
Twelve white common bean genotypes were evaluated along two checks at three diverse locations in the mid-altitude of Bale zone, southeastern Ethiopia for two consecutive years 2014 and 2015 in order to determine their stability. The genotype by environment interaction (GEI) has an influence on the selection and recommendation of cultivars. The objective of this work was to see the effect of GEI and evaluate the...
Land use effects on soil erodibility and hydraulic conductivity in Akure, Nigeria
February 2018
This research was carried out to investigate the effects of three land use categories (grazed, cropped and forest land) on soil erodibility and hydraulic conductivity. Hydraulic conductivity was determined by a steadyâ€state flow using a miniâ€disk infiltrometer while soil erodibility was determined following the Wischmeier and Smith equation. A suction rate of 2 cm s-1 was chosen for field infiltration measurement...
Sole and combined effect of three botanicals against cowpea seed bruchid, Callosobruchus maculatus Fabricius
February 2018
The bioactivity of three botanical powders in sole and combination against Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab.) was investigated at 29±3°C and relative humidity (R.H.) OF 65+5% in the laboratory. The appropriate mixing ratio of Cymbopogon citratus (C), Alstonia boonei (A) and Hyptis suaveolens involved seven combinations viz., C:A, C:H, A:H, C:A:H, H2:C:A, A:C2:H, H:C:A2 in simple ratios 1:1, 1:1, 1:1,...
Growth and physiological responses of coffee (Coffea arabica L.) seedlings irrigated with diluted deep sea water
February 2018
Concentrations of 5, 10, 20, and 40% deep sea water (DSW) were tested, with irrigation water serving as the 0% control (tap water) on coffee (Coffea arabica L.) seedlings. The results showed that the growth parameters were affected significantly (α < 0.05) by the irrigation of 20 and 40% deep sea water. There were significant differences (α < 0.05) among treatments in stomata density/mm2, stomata...
Effect of Pseudomonas putida on chrysanthemum growth under greenhouse and field conditions
February 2018
Chrysanthemum production stands out in ornamental plants market and several techniques can improve the production of this plant. Among them, is the use of beneficial microorganisms such as plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR); however, the use of PGPR has not been explored enough so far in chrysanthemum production, especially in field conditions. With regards to rhizobacteria, the group, Pseudomonas, can be...
Role of climate change awareness in sustainable soil nutrient management by smallholder farms in Burkina Faso
February 2018
Climate change effects are threats to the livelihood of Sub-Saharan smallholder farms. Farmers’ response and readiness to take adaptive measures depend on how they perceive (perception) and moreover understand and recognize the causes (awareness) of climate change. Most studies used interchangeably perception and awareness to climate change. Taking the example of soil nutrient management, this study demonstrated...
Phytosociology of weed community in two vegetable growing systems
February 2018
The aim of this study was to perform a phytosociological survey of the weed community present in organic and conventional vegetable growing systems conducted in Alagoas state, in Brazil. The survey was carried out from February 2014 to January 2016, within which 30 samplings were made. The evaluated parameters were given by the calculation of frequency, density, abundance, relative frequency, relative density,...
Characterization of livestock farming in Jacaré dos Homens, Alagoas, Brazil
February 2018
Dairy farming is one of the most significant activities for Brazilian agribusiness, especially for its diversity and breadth. This study aimed to analyze the characterization of dairy farming activity developed in the Baixas community, in the city of Jacaré dos Homens-AL, Brazil, raising information about the production system adopted and considering the relevance of this activity to the locality. The research...
Gas exchange and yield of Prata-type banana plants with fertilizer sources for organic management
February 2018
The aim of this paper is to evaluate gas exchanges and yield of Prata-type banana plants subjected to fertilizer sources for organic management in soil with improved fertility. Two cultivars (‘Dwarf-Prata’ and ‘BRS Platina’), 5 K2O rates (0, 200, 400, 600, and 800 kg ha-1 year-1) supplied by cattle manure and Naturalplus® rock powder, and 2 evaluation times (8:00 am and 2:00 pm) were arranged...
Screening of wheat germplasm for seed associated fungi in geographical areas of Pakistan
February 2018
One hundred wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) accessions were selected on the basis of different geographical areas of Pakistan. Isolation and identification of seed born fungi were conducted according to standard blotter test and a total of five major seed borne fungi including Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium species, Drechslera species and Phytophthora species were isolated from the wheat seeds. The...
Genetic diversity study of some banana genotypes collected from various parts of India through RAPD analysis
February 2018
Globally, banana is the fourth most important fruit crop and is grown in more than 130 countries across the world. Traditional procedure to characterize banana plants by morphological descriptors has many limitations, and different communities refer to the same local cultivars by different names due to lack of clear clone identity resulting in unnecessary duplication with regard to cultivation, conservation and...
Higher K+/Na+ and lower reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation are related to higher yield in maize under saline condition
February 2018
Thirty six single cross hybrids with six commercial checks were evaluated for yield performance along with earliness, plant height and ear height. The mean performance for days to tasseling and days to silking were significantly different among the hybrids. Considering the yield, Kaberi 50 and Pioneer 3396 were found as the best and the second best check, respectively. None of the hybrids produced higher yield compared...
Litter production in a natural stand of Brazil nut trees (Bertholletia excelsa Bonpl.)
February 2018
This research estimated litter production and analyzed its relation to environmental variables such as maximum temperature, insolation, and rainfall. The study was conducted on a 300 × 300 m experiment as part of the project titled mapping of native Brazil nut stands and socio-environmental and economic characterization of Brazil nut production systems (MapCast), in the Tapajós National Forest (FLONA...
Sustainable and technological strategies for basic cereal crops in the face of climate change: A literature review
February 2018
At the international level, corn, wheat and rice are basic grains considered to be the most important food source for humans, as they are a fundamental part of the daily diet and represent more than 55% of the caloric intake. They make up the greater production and consumption in the world. Due to Climate Change, these highly vulnerable crops to extreme temperatures have suffered a reduction in quality and quantity of...
Effect of planting date on tepary bean yield and yield components sown in Southern Botswana
January 2018
Tepary bean is a crop that is slowly gaining momentum into the cropping system of Botswana. A study was conducted to determine the effect of planting date on yield and yield components of tepary bean and identify the optimum sowing of the crop. A rain-fed experiment was conducted for two seasons (2012 to 2014), using a randomized complete block design replicated three times in a split plot with three sowing dates in...
Development of a crop growth subroutine for the Watershed Resources Management (WRM) model
January 2018
Vegetation has a marked effect on runoff and soil moisture and plays an important the hydrologic cycle. The Watershed Resources Management (WRM) model, a process-based, continuous, distributed parameter simulation model developed for hydrologic and soil erosion studies at the watershed scale lack a crop growth component. As such, this model assumes a constant parameter values for vegetation and hydraulic parameters...
Soybean hull and/or white oat grain for steers finished in feedlot
January 2018
The aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of feedlot finished steers receiving grain oat and/or soybean hull in their diet. Thirty six Nellore crossbred with Charolais steers, that received diet with concentrate ratio of 50:50 in all diets independently of the treatment, with sorghum silage as forage and concentrate according to the proposed treatment: soybean hull, oat grain and a mixed concentrate with...
Rhizome development in Sorghum bicolor × Sorghum halepense families in the tropical ecosystem of Uganda
January 2018
Many landraces and improved cultivars of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) grown in Uganda have late maturity and are susceptible to several biotic and abiotic stresses. Introgression of the rhizomatous trait from perennial sorghum (Sorghum halepense) could improve stress tolerance. However, phenotypic characterization of exotic perennial sorghum germplasm under Ugandan environmental conditions is essential to select desirable...
Spatial econometric analysis of the main agricultural commodities produced in Central-West Region, Brazil
January 2018
The aim of this paper is to present novel variables in the Brazilian Central-West Region to evaluate the spatial dependence of the Gross Domestic Product of agriculture and livestock (GDPagri) and the Gross Value of Production (GVP) on the main agricultural and livestock commodities in order to identify clusters of high and low spatial correlations. Data on the municipalities of Mato Grosso do Sul State (MS) between...
Demographic and socio-economic characteristics of cassava farmers influencing output levels in the Savannah Zone of Northern Ghana
January 2018
The research studied the effects of demographic and socio-economic characteristics of cassava farmers on output levels in the Savannah Zone of Northern Ghana. One hundred and fifty cassava farmers were sampled randomly. The data were collected through a structured questionnaire from respondents. The farmers were drawn from three regions that fall under the Savannah Zone. Six districts were purposively selected from the...
Conilon plant growth response to sources of organic matter
January 2018
In the production of quality plant, it is important to consider the growing substrate since it provides plants with very important physical and chemical characteristics of the soil. Many organic materials of vegetal or animal origin have been used in mixtures of substrates for plant production. This study evaluated the development, quality and physiological components of Conilon coffee plants as a function of substrates...
Genotype × environment interaction and yield stability of Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica L.) genotypes
January 2018
Lack of suitable varieties that exhibit stable yield performances across wide ranges of environments is the major factor among several production constraints contributing to low productivity of Arabica coffee in Ethiopia. Eleven advanced Limmu coffee genotypes were evaluated in eight environments (four locations over two years) to determine the existence of GEI and yield stability performances. The experiment was laid...
Maize leaf area estimation in different growth stages based on allometric descriptors
January 2018
The literature points out the need for leaf area (LA) calibration models that are suitable for specific varieties (variety-specific). These models should be capable of coping with different crop conditions, growth stages, and agronomic practices. The objective of the current study was to develop a model for estimating the LA of ​​maize (Zea mays L.), considering the entire growth cycle, based on non-destructive...
Effect of application of flowering inhibitor on sweet sorghum
January 2018
Studies on sweet sorghum have been conducted in countries like Brazil, USA, India and Argentina to complement ethanol production. In Brazil, it is cultivated in areas for sugarcane renovation, and can be used in sugarcane industries. However, the use of chemical flowering inhibitor can increase sucrose in stalks, resulting in higher production. Therefore, the goal of the present study is to evaluate the effect of Etefom...
Assessment of entomotoxic effects of powder and oil from leaves and seeds of Hura crepitans (L.) in the control of Callosobruchus maculatus (F.)
January 2018
Entomotoxic effects of powder and oil from the leaves and seed of Hura crepitans (L.) on Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) was investigated at the Pest Management Laboratory in the Department of Crop, Soil and Pest Management, the Federal University of Technology Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria under prevailing laboratory conditions of 28±3°C temperature and 65 ± 5% relative humidity. The powders from the...
Gene expression and antioxidant enzymatic activity in passion fruit exposed to aluminum
January 2018
The objective of this study was to investigate changes in enzymatic activity and gene expression related to antioxidant defense in two passion fruit cultivars (FB100 and FB200) exposed to aluminum. The specific activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and ascorbate peroxidase were analyzed, in addition to their relative expression pattern. The characterization of gene expression was achieved by semi-quantitative...
Effects of extracts of Oxalis barrelieri L. and Cymbopogon citratus stapf, coupled with NaCl sorting on; seed health, germination and seedlings vigor of rice (Oryzae sativa L).
January 2018
The extracts of Oxalis barrelieri and Cymbopogon citratus were tested for their antifungal activity against Bipolaris oryzae and Fusarium moniliforme, and use as seed treatment coupled with NaCl treatment to improve the seed germination and the seedlings vigor of treated rice seeds. The significance of the inhibitory activity of the plant extracts against B. oryzae and F moniliforme was type of extract and concentration...
Tree species’ growth in a silvipastoral system in Amazon
January 2018
This research aimed to evaluate the dendrometric development of four tree species (Carapa guianensis Aubl. (Meliaceae); Dipteryx odorata (Aubl.) Willd (Fabaceae), Swietenia macrophylla King (Meliaceae) and Handroanthus chrysotrichus (Mart ex A. DC.) Mattos (Bignoniaceae)) in a silvopastoral system in Santarém, Pará, Brazil. Productive activities in the forest sector create a demand for technical capacity...
Use of alternative substrates in production of tomato seedlings
January 2018
Tomato is one of the most produced vegetables in the whole Brazilian territory, also presenting great income to the family producer. The use of organic or alternative substrates has grown, since its acquisition by the producer is easy. Aiming at these factors, the objective of this work was to evaluate the production of three cultivars, Santa Clara, Santa Cruz Kada Gigante and Santa Adélia tomatoes in seven types...
Physiological quality of bean genotypes seeds peanut and xamego treated with fungicides and insecticides
January 2018
Bean is one of the most important crops because it is a staple food. In order to control diseases and pests, the use of fungicides and insecticides in the seed treatment are efficient methods. In this sense, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of fungicides and insecticides on physiological quality of bean seeds. The experiment was conducted in a laboratory and greenhouse, and seeds of two genotypes of...
Effects of growth media on rooting of stem cuttings of hybrid coffee varieties
January 2018
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different growth media on rooting of stem cuttings of hybrid coffee varieties. The experiment was conducted on-station under a shade house at Tanzania Coffee Research Institute (TaCRI) from October 2013 to February 2014 using a split plot experiment in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replications. The main factor consisted of five hybrid...
Response of garlic (Allium sativum L.) to vermicompost and mineral N fertilizer application at Haramaya, Eastern Ethiopia
January 2018
Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is an important vegetable crop in Ethiopia. The yield of the crop is often constrained by low and unbalanced nutrient supply in the soil. This study was undertaken to assess response of garlic variety Chelenko I to vermicompost and mineral N fertilizer application on growth and bulb yield of the crop during the 2016/2017 main rainy season. The treatment consists of a factorial combination of...
Performance of maize hybrids under different tillage methods and nitrogen levels
January 2018
A field experiment was conducted at the National Maize Research Program (NMRP), Chitwan, Nepal during summer of 2014 to evaluate the response of tillage methods (conventional and zero tillage) and nitrogen levels (0, 60, 120 and 180 kg ha-1) on grain yield of two maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids (Rampur hybrid-2 and RML32/RML17). The experiment was laid out in strip-split plot design consisting of sixteen treatments with...
Yield and quality performance of some peach varieties grown under Sanliurfa ecological conditions
January 2018
Peach has a wide range of adaptation to tropical, subtropical and temperate climatic zones around the world, hence is spreading as a fruit species. This study was done in a semiarid climate in Sanliurfa. The phenological, pomological and yield characteristics of 11 peach cultivars (Maycrest, Springcrest, Earlyred, Cardinal, Redhaven, Glohaven, Dixired, Cresthaven, Maria Marta, Elegant Lady and Monroe), were determined....
Effects of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) on the physicochemical properties of fishpond water and growth of African catfish
January 2018
Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is an aquatic plant that has the capacity to absorb nutrients, making it a potential alternative for the management of fishpond water. The effect of this plant on the physicochemical properties of fish pond water and on the growth of African catfish was investigated in this study. Four plastic ponds 2.0×2.0×1.2 m deep were used for the study. Fifteen percent of the...
Animal feeds legislation: Chicken value chain actors practices and predicaments in Uganda
January 2018
This study was conducted to assess the effects of absence of a legal framework regulating the animal feeds industry on poultry value chain actor performance and sustainability. The objectives of the study were to identify the key constraints faced by individual farmers, livestock feed manufacturers, and field veterinary personnel; and assess challenges cutting across the industry actors. Data used in the study were...
No-tillage effect on carbon and microbiological attributes in corn grown in Manaus-AM, Brazil
January 2018
The soil is the most important carbon reservoir, but agricultural practices involved in tillage systems decrease the soil carbon stock. This study aims to evaluate the effect of no-tillage (NT) on carbon and microbiological attributes of the soil in corn plantations in Manaus-AM, Brazil. Soil was sampled in a secondary forest (SF) and in corn grown under different tillage systems, including conventional tillage (CT),...
Response of bread wheat to integrated application of vermicompost and NPK fertilizers
January 2018
A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to determine effects of vermicompost, inorganic fertilizers and their combinations on nutrient uptake, yield and yield components of wheat. A factorial combination four levels (0, 2, 4 and 6 tha-1) of vermicompost and four levels (0, 33.33, 66.67 and 100% ha-1) of the recommended NPK fertilizers was laid out in RCB design with three replications. Bread wheat variety, Kekaba was...
Sowing seasons × maturity groups on quantitative traits in soybean
January 2018
The world economic importance of soybean (Glycine max (L).) crop is consolidated, and tests to verify the best sowing season for yield gain of cultivars are demanded. The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of sowing season on soybean cultivars of different maturity groups, since the determination of the optimum time for planting soybeans and the cultivar most suited to the region under study can increase yield...
Application of ethanolic extract of propolis typified in nutrition and vegetative growth of beans
January 2018
There is little information about the effects of the ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP) in common bean. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of foliar spray of ethanol extract of propolis (EEP) on vegetative growth, water loss and yield of black type common bean. The experiment was conducted at Farm Dona Isabina from February to May 2012. The experimental design was a randomized block with five...
Review on prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis in Ethiopia
January 2018
Ethiopia is one of African country with nine regions and two city administration of which five regions were infected with more than one species of tsetse flies. Known species in Ethiopia are five in number namely Glossina pallidipes, G .morsitans, G. fuscipes, G. tachinoides and G. longipennis. Most tsetse transmission is cyclic and begins when blood from a trypanosome-infected animal is ingested by the fly. The...
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