No-tillage effect on carbon and microbiological attributes in corn grown in Manaus-AM, Brazil
January 2018
The soil is the most important carbon reservoir, but agricultural practices involved in tillage systems decrease the soil carbon stock. This study aims to evaluate the effect of no-tillage (NT) on carbon and microbiological attributes of the soil in corn plantations in Manaus-AM, Brazil. Soil was sampled in a secondary forest (SF) and in corn grown under different tillage systems, including conventional tillage (CT),...
Animal feeds legislation: Chicken value chain actors practices and predicaments in Uganda
January 2018
This study was conducted to assess the effects of absence of a legal framework regulating the animal feeds industry on poultry value chain actor performance and sustainability. The objectives of the study were to identify the key constraints faced by individual farmers, livestock feed manufacturers, and field veterinary personnel; and assess challenges cutting across the industry actors. Data used in the study were...
Effects of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) on the physicochemical properties of fishpond water and growth of African catfish
January 2018
Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is an aquatic plant that has the capacity to absorb nutrients, making it a potential alternative for the management of fishpond water. The effect of this plant on the physicochemical properties of fish pond water and on the growth of African catfish was investigated in this study. Four plastic ponds 2.0×2.0×1.2 m deep were used for the study. Fifteen percent of the...
Yield and quality performance of some peach varieties grown under Sanliurfa ecological conditions
January 2018
Peach has a wide range of adaptation to tropical, subtropical and temperate climatic zones around the world, hence is spreading as a fruit species. This study was done in a semiarid climate in Sanliurfa. The phenological, pomological and yield characteristics of 11 peach cultivars (Maycrest, Springcrest, Earlyred, Cardinal, Redhaven, Glohaven, Dixired, Cresthaven, Maria Marta, Elegant Lady and Monroe), were determined....
Effects of growth media on rooting of stem cuttings of hybrid coffee varieties
January 2018
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different growth media on rooting of stem cuttings of hybrid coffee varieties. The experiment was conducted on-station under a shade house at Tanzania Coffee Research Institute (TaCRI) from October 2013 to February 2014 using a split plot experiment in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replications. The main factor consisted of five hybrid...
Performance of maize hybrids under different tillage methods and nitrogen levels
January 2018
A field experiment was conducted at the National Maize Research Program (NMRP), Chitwan, Nepal during summer of 2014 to evaluate the response of tillage methods (conventional and zero tillage) and nitrogen levels (0, 60, 120 and 180 kg ha-1) on grain yield of two maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids (Rampur hybrid-2 and RML32/RML17). The experiment was laid out in strip-split plot design consisting of sixteen treatments with...
Response of garlic (Allium sativum L.) to vermicompost and mineral N fertilizer application at Haramaya, Eastern Ethiopia
January 2018
Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is an important vegetable crop in Ethiopia. The yield of the crop is often constrained by low and unbalanced nutrient supply in the soil. This study was undertaken to assess response of garlic variety Chelenko I to vermicompost and mineral N fertilizer application on growth and bulb yield of the crop during the 2016/2017 main rainy season. The treatment consists of a factorial combination of...
Review on prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis in Ethiopia
January 2018
Ethiopia is one of African country with nine regions and two city administration of which five regions were infected with more than one species of tsetse flies. Known species in Ethiopia are five in number namely Glossina pallidipes, G .morsitans, G. fuscipes, G. tachinoides and G. longipennis. Most tsetse transmission is cyclic and begins when blood from a trypanosome-infected animal is ingested by the fly. The...
Application of ethanolic extract of propolis typified in nutrition and vegetative growth of beans
January 2018
There is little information about the effects of the ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP) in common bean. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of foliar spray of ethanol extract of propolis (EEP) on vegetative growth, water loss and yield of black type common bean. The experiment was conducted at Farm Dona Isabina from February to May 2012. The experimental design was a randomized block with five...
Response of bread wheat to integrated application of vermicompost and NPK fertilizers
January 2018
A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to determine effects of vermicompost, inorganic fertilizers and their combinations on nutrient uptake, yield and yield components of wheat. A factorial combination four levels (0, 2, 4 and 6 tha-1) of vermicompost and four levels (0, 33.33, 66.67 and 100% ha-1) of the recommended NPK fertilizers was laid out in RCB design with three replications. Bread wheat variety, Kekaba was...
Sowing seasons × maturity groups on quantitative traits in soybean
January 2018
The world economic importance of soybean (Glycine max (L).) crop is consolidated, and tests to verify the best sowing season for yield gain of cultivars are demanded. The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of sowing season on soybean cultivars of different maturity groups, since the determination of the optimum time for planting soybeans and the cultivar most suited to the region under study can increase yield...
Potassium forms of soils under enset farming systems and their relationships with some soil selected physico-chemical properties in Sidama zone, Southern Ethiopia
December 2017
Soil potassium is classified as unavailable, readily available and slowly available (fixed) K forms. A research was conducted to determine the distribution of forms of K (water soluble K, exchangeable K, non-exchangeable K and total K) and their relation with some soil properties under enset farming systems of Sidama zone in South Ethiopia. The soils were collected from ‘Qola’ (dry, hot tropical climate and...
Efficacy of the association of cover crops with maize and direct sowing short-term effect on crops’ yields in maize-cotton cropping system in Western Burkina Faso
December 2017
To improve the productivity and sustainability of cotton and cereals based system, direct sowing under mulch was tested for its efficacy on cotton and maize yields on the research station of Farako-Bâ, in Western Burkina Faso. The experimental design was a complete randomized blocks of Fisher with four replications. Conventional tillage by annual moldboard plowing (T7) was compared with direct sowing under...
Effects of long-term positioning of straw returning on the quality and yield of summer maize
December 2017
The aim of the work is to study the effects of different treatments: control, single application of organic manure, two seasons straw returning, a quarter of straw returning combined with nitrogen fertilizer, two seasons straw returning combined with nitrogen fertilizer on the quality index and yield of summer maize; protein, starch, fat content and the amino acid were analyzed using cluster analysis. The results showed...
Phenotypic variability and association of traits among yield and yield-related traits in Castor (Ricinus communis L.) accessions at Melkassa, Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia
December 2017
A field experiment was conducted to study the genetic variability and association of characters among yield and yield-related traits in castor accessions at Melkassa, central rift valley of Ethiopia during the off season of the 2013/2014. A total of 48 castor accessions were evaluated by using randomized complete block design with three replications. Analysis of variance revealed that there was highly significant...
Effects of Schinus terebinthifolius extracts on the control of Sitophilus species in stored wheat grains
December 2017
The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of Schinus terebinthifolius extract in controlling the insects of stored wheat. The experimental design was completely randomized with 10 replicates in a factorial scheme of 4 × 9, for extracts (control, aqueous extract, and hydro alcoholic extract of 5 and 15% of Brazilian pepper tree) and nine dates of evaluation (3, 6, 9, 16, 23, 30, 37, 44 and 51 days)...
Determinants of smallholder farmers’ awareness of agricultural extension devolution in Kenya
December 2017
The devolved governance structure in Kenya places the provision of agricultural sector services such as extension at the local units. However, farmers’ awareness on this aspect and where services are available remains limited and often, there is confusion. In order to provide clarity and enhance the understanding of extension service delivery, this study sought to characterize farmers’ awareness of...
Comparison of GGE biplot and AMMI analysis of multi-environment trial (MET) data to assess adaptability and stability of rice genotypes
December 2017
Genotype × Environment (G×E) interaction and stability performance were investigated on paddy yield of eighteen rice genotypes and twelve locations using two well renowned statistical models; genotype main effect and G×E Biplot analysis (GGE) and additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) analysis. The aim of this study was to elucidate the performance of some advance rice...
Physico-chemical characterization of prickly pear (Opunicia Ficus indica) in the semi-arid region of Bahia State, Brazil
December 2017
In Brazil, prickly pear has gained increasing attention, mainly due to its nutritional benefits of health promotion, however, its postharvest conservation is still incipient and has to be evaluated. The objective of this work was to evaluate the physical and physico-chemical characteristics of prickly pear from three municipalities in the semi-arid region of the state of Bahia-Brazil. The fruits were harvested at random...
An overview of tomato fruit-ripening mutants and their use in increasing shelf life of tomato fruits
December 2017
The potential of tomato ripening mutants; rin, nor, alc, nr, gr, etc to prolong the shelf life of tomato cannot be overemphasized. Ripening mutants have gained a considerable attention in the last few years to extend shelf life. They have been characterized and examined for their potential utilization in lengthening shelf life of tomatoes. Mutant genes are therefore available to extend the shelf-life of tomato via...
Correlation analysis for grain yield and other agronomic parameters for 90 single crosses hybrid maize evaluated in three agrological zones in Ghana
December 2017
A trial was conducted to determine the correlation between grain yield and agronomic parameters of 90 F1 early maturing maize hybrids in 2012 in Fumesua, Ejura and Kpeve; representing the Forest, Forest-Savannah Transition and Coastal- Savannah Transition zones of Ghana, respectively. The objective of the work was to determine the correlation between grain yield and other agronomic parameters of maize across three...
In vitro study on the role of the tannins of Newbouldia laevis and Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides on infective larvae of Trichostrongylus colubriformis
December 2017
Trichostrongylus colubriformis is an important cause of parasitic gastroenteritis in small ruminants which causes diarrhea, weakness, loss of production and death. The in vitro efficacy of tannins of Newbouldia laevis and Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides was determined against this parasitic nematode. Larvae of T. colubriformis were incubated at 23°C in the leaf extracts of N. laevis and Z. zanthoxyloides at...
Growth of moringa (Moringa oleifera) seedlings in calcareous, clayey and sandy soils relative to loamy soil
December 2017
Calcareous soil, comprising more than 15% CaCO3, which imposes various physical and chemical challenges to plants, is widespread in arid and semi-arid regions. It was against the stated backdrop that an experiment was carried out to compare growth responses of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) seedlings in calcareous, clayey and sandy soils relative to those in loamy soil during autumn (January-March) 2015 and validated...
Reassessing cotton pricing policy in Burkina Faso: How important is price stabilization?
December 2017
This paper focuses on the parastatal marketing of cotton in Burkina Faso. The parastatal companies have bought cotton at a guaranteed price, announced prior to planting, reducing a key element of risk for producers. The cotton sector reforms in the late 1990s and early 2000s have significantly improved the share of international price received by local producers. However, a number of problems must still be solved to...
Response of summer pulses (mung bean vs. mash bean) to integrated use of organic carbon sources and phosphorus in dry lands
December 2017
Pulses play an important role in addressing hunger, food insecurity, malnutrition, environmental degradation, climate change impacts and human health, thereby supporting the overall achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals. Pulses yield is very low under arid and semiarid climate. Field experiment was conducted to evaluate the impact of phosphorus (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg P ha-1) and organic sources [sole animal...
Inheritance studies of aroma and yield attributes in rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes
December 2017
Low yield is one of the main challenges of rice production in Ghana due to poor production practice, environmental stresses and plant genotype. The choice of an efficient breeding procedure depends to a large extent on knowledge of the genetic system controlling the character to be selected. This experiment was done to study the inheritance pattern of aroma attribute of rice and estimate the heritability for some yield...
The effects of humic acid on growth and ion uptake of mung bean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) grown under salt stress
December 2017
The study aimed to determine the effects of humic acid (HA) on seedlings of a salt-sensitive plant, mung bean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek), grown on 50 mM (S1) and 100 mM (S2) NaCl concentrations. In controlled room conditions, mung bean seedlings were planted in pots containing torf and perlite mixture and salt effects were observed. The growth parameters were plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, leaf and stem...
Hydropriming of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) in Northern and Central Burkina Faso applying six hours of soaking and overnight drying of seeds
December 2017
Hydropriming of pearl millet seeds was tested during two growing seasons in Burkina Faso. A total of 32 field experiments were distributed equally between two agro-ecological zones: The Northern zone receiving on average less than 600 mm annual precipitation and the Central zone receiving 600 to 900 mm. Hydropriming was performed by soaking of seeds in water for 6 h, followed by air-drying overnight. In the Northern...
Protection of Sideroxylon obtusifolium seeds against Colletotrichum sp. with Caesalpinia ferrea extract
December 2017
Sideroxylon obtusifolium (Roem. & Schul.) Penn. is a native species from Caatinga biome, but due to disorderly exploitation for phytoteraphy industry, it is in danger of extinction. Recent researches report that the diversity of vegetal species in Brazilian semiarid regions, when meticulously assessed through methods that focus on properties of molecules from different plant structures, may present a high potential...
Impact of variable NPK source on water use efficiency and growth rates of winter grasses (cereals): Wheat, rye, barley and oats
December 2017
Growth analysis [absolute growth rate (AGR), crop growth rate (CGR), and net assimilation rate (NAR)] and water use efficiency (WUE) response of four cool season C3-cereals viz. wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), rye (Secale cereale L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and oats (Avena sativa L.) at 30, 60 and 90 days after emergence (DAE) under eight NPK sources [S1 = 20-20-20, S2= 20-27-5, S3 = 7-22-8, S4 = 10-10-10-20S,...
Effects of sewage sludge and length on initial growth of guava seedlings
December 2017
Substrate and light intensity exert influence on the quality of seedlings produced by increasing plant nutritional efficiency and growth. The objective of this work was to study the emergence and early growth of guava seedlings (Psidium guajava L.) in substrate enriched with sewage sludge and under different light intensities. In the conduction of this work, guava seeds of the cultivar Pedro Sato were used and five...
Coffee straw used as mulch for germination and strength of crops and spontaneous species seedlings
December 2017
The objective of this study was to evaluate the allelopathic effect of using conilon and arabica coffee straw as mulch on the emergence and development of three crops (Lactuca sativa, Cucumis sativu, Solanum lycopersicum) and three natural plants (Eupatorium maximilianii, Amaranthus hybridus and Bidens pilosa). The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse in a completely randomized design, with six repetitions. The...
Current knowledge and performance of existing charcoal coolers in improving the overall quality and shelf-life of French beans
December 2017
This study investigates current knowledge and performance of existing technology, ‘charcoal coolers’ in improving the overall quality and shelf-life of French beans. Data was collected primarily from a household survey using a semi-structured questionnaire administered to 45 purposively selected farmers who were selected at fixed interval. Data was analysed using the Statistical Product and Service Solutions...
Selectivity of herbicides to erva mate (Ilex paraguariensis) plants
November 2017
Herbicides can cause negative effects on the morphophysiological characteristics of agricultural crops when proper knowledge about their selectivity is not available. For erva-mate plantations, herbicides which are registered and recommended are scarce. In this sense, this study was carried out to evaluate the selectivity of herbicides applied in different doses to erva-mate. The experiment was installed in a greenhouse...
Evaluation of different sweet potato varieties for growth, quality and yield traits under chemical fertilizer and organic amendments in sandy ferralitic soils
November 2017
Growth, quality and yield components of sweet potato ((Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. Var. Tib1, IRA1112 and Red tuber coat) were investigated under three fertilizer sources (inorganic-NPK (100 kg/ha), green manure (Eichhornia crassipes) or poultry manure at 12 t/ha, singly or in combination) with three replications. Application of E. crassipes and poultry manure fertilizers in combination significantly (P < 0.05)...
Agronomic traits, chemical composition and silage quality of elephant grass fertilized with poultry litter
November 2017
The high generation of organic residues from the intensive farming of chickens has induced their use as fertilizer for forage crop production. This aimed to evaluate the effect of poultry litter application on agronomic traits and quality of silage of elephant grass. The experiment was conducted in the experimental field of Boa Vista Farm, in district of Cachoeira de Santa Cruz, Viçosa, State of Minas Gerais, in...
Relationship between physical and physiological quality variables in analyzes of black oat seeds
November 2017
The success of species implantation depends on the quality of seeds used initially. It is therefore important to ascertain that the seed is in an excellent physical, physiological, sanitary and nutritional condition as this will determine the genetic cultivars’ potential. Thus, this research work studied the relationships between physical and physiological variables in the seed. Samples were analysed and grouped...
Agro-morphologic variations among eleven potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars
November 2017
In this work, we studied agro-morphological parameters that could be used to define variaton among early, mid-early, mid-late and late potato cultivars, cropped in the main season by quantitaive and qualitative parameters (characters of mother tubers, vegetation cover, height of plants, number of leaves, number of true leaves, number of stems, number of stolons, lenght of first stolon, median diameter of first...
Temperature and substrate effects on the germination of Caesalpinia ferrea Mart. Ex Tul.
November 2017
Caesalpinia ferrea Mart. Ex Tul. is a tropical arboreal species used in naval and civil construction, and in the recovery of degraded areas. The substrate used and temperature can interfere directly in the germination of this species. This work aimed to evaluate the influence of different substrates and temperature regimes on the seed germination potential and initial growth of C. ferrea seedlings. The experiment was...
Effect of cover crops on physico-chemical attributes of soil in a short-term experiment in the southwestern Amazon region
November 2017
No-tillage is an agricultural system that is proposed as a sustainable soil management system. This paper aims to evaluate the short-term effects of cover crops on a no-tillage system, by assessing a number of physical and chemical attributes of soil of the Brazilian Amazon region. The experiment was carried out in a typical Ferralsol under a no-tillage system from March to December, 2014. A randomized block design,...
Biological control of Anastrepha Schiner (DÃptera: Tephritidae) through augmentative releases of Diachasmimorpha longicaudata Ashmead (Hymenoptera; Braconidae) in fruit-producing marginal areas of Northern Nayarit, México
November 2017
In Mexico, fruit flies (Anastrepha Schiner) are one of the main pests that affect production and limit the commercialization of fresh fruits. In regions producing municipalities such as Ruiz (Nayarit), the insect is actively multiplying in marginal areas, in fruits such as Mangifera indica L. (mango), Psidium guajava L. (guava), Spondias sp. (jobo) and Psidium sartorianum (Berg), from where they move to commercial...
Private initiatives in rural irrigated agriculture towards sustainable livelihoods in Nadowli-Kaleo District, Ghana
November 2017
At the dawn of the 21st Century, the goal of achieving poverty reduction became a global concern. Diverse livelihood public interventions such as the provision of community dams since then have been implemented in rural settings including Nadowli-Kaleo District of the Upper West Region, Ghana to promote food security through dry-season farming. However, the objectives of these interventions have not been realized....
Use of spermidine reduced the oxidative damage in onion seedlings under salinity by modulating antioxidants
November 2017
This research studies the role of spermidine (Spd) in conferring tolerance in onion seedlings under oxidative sress, caused by NaCl. Stress condition was applied on two months old onion seedlings by adding 10 gL-1 of NaCl, where 100 µM of Spd was sprayed twice daily before counting the stress duration. Under salinity stress, seedlings were observed for 7 days, and data were measured on relative leaf water,...
Corn productivity in integrated crop-livestock system: Effect of different forage masses post-grazing
November 2017
Forage management in integrated crop-livestock system is a complex activity that increases profitability, when well performed, therefore consequently influencing future crop productivity. This study aimed to evaluate the agronomic performance of corn cultivation in the integrated crop-livestock system using the no-tillage system in different forage masses post-grazing. The experiment was conducted in the municipality of...
Consortium of maize and cowpea in organic farming - dry grain production
November 2017
Intercropping of maize and cowpea is widely used by Brazilian family farmers. The aim of this work is to compare the grain yield of two maize cultivars, and one cultivar of cowpea in organic system. Treatments of monoculture of cowpea (Poços de Caldas) and maize ('BR106' and 'AG1051') and intercropping were used. A randomized block design with four replicates in an area under conversion to organic...
Propagation of Farash (Tamarix aphylla) as affected by cutting lengths under low polytunnel and open air
November 2017
A research study was conducted on Tamarix aphylla in August, 2008, in the experimental area of Department of Forestry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Punjab to find out the impact of vegetative propagation of Farash (T. aphylla) through different size of cuttings in open air and under low polytunnel. In this study, 2", 4" and 6" long cuttings were planted in shade in polythene bags, with nine...
Preliminary screening of cowpea-Bradyrhizobium symbiotic traits subjected to salinity stress in Senegal
November 2017
Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) is a leguminous plant which is an important source of protein, grown in arid and semi-arid areas of Africa subject to climate changes including soil salinization. The current study aimed to test the hypothesis that screening for salt-tolerant Bradyrhizobim-cowpea combination would promise a salt tolerant symbiotic system. Four selected Bradyrhizobium were characterized for their...
Uprooting resistance of two tropical tree species for sand dune stabilization
November 2017
Coastal windbreak restoration is important in Taiwan for agroforestry and sand dune stabilization. Australian pine (Casuarina equisetifolia Forst.) is the main species in windbreaks. It often suffers from serious uprooting and waterlogging damages, whereas sea hibiscus (Hibiscus tiliaceus L.) is more resistant to wind and tolerant to waterlogging. It is suggested that sea hibiscus can be substituted for Australian pine...
Farmer segmentation for enhancing technology adoption and smallholder dairy development
November 2017
Despite various interventions, smallholder dairy farming in large parts of the tropics remain characterised by low productivity, restricted market participation, and viability challenges. The problem lies in the unavailability, low adoption rates and non-adoption of available improved smallholder dairying technologies. Using Rusitu and Gokwe smallholder dairy projects in Zimbabwe as a case study, this paper explored...
Genetic diversity among populations of the xerophytic tree species Balanites aegyptiaca and its morpho-physiological responses to water deficiency
November 2017
Water deficit negatively affects crop development and productivity. With decreasing rainfall and shortage of arable land, there is a demand for alternative drought-tolerant species for use on non-arable land. The tree species Balanites aegyptiaca is considered as drought tolerant and a potential source of many secondary metabolites. The oil-containing seeds may also be used as biofuel. Genetic diversity was investigated...
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