Response of summer pulses (mung bean vs. mash bean) to integrated use of organic carbon sources and phosphorus in dry lands
December 2017
Pulses play an important role in addressing hunger, food insecurity, malnutrition, environmental degradation, climate change impacts and human health, thereby supporting the overall achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals. Pulses yield is very low under arid and semiarid climate. Field experiment was conducted to evaluate the impact of phosphorus (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg P ha-1) and organic sources [sole animal...
Inheritance studies of aroma and yield attributes in rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes
December 2017
Low yield is one of the main challenges of rice production in Ghana due to poor production practice, environmental stresses and plant genotype. The choice of an efficient breeding procedure depends to a large extent on knowledge of the genetic system controlling the character to be selected. This experiment was done to study the inheritance pattern of aroma attribute of rice and estimate the heritability for some yield...
The effects of humic acid on growth and ion uptake of mung bean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) grown under salt stress
December 2017
The study aimed to determine the effects of humic acid (HA) on seedlings of a salt-sensitive plant, mung bean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek), grown on 50 mM (S1) and 100 mM (S2) NaCl concentrations. In controlled room conditions, mung bean seedlings were planted in pots containing torf and perlite mixture and salt effects were observed. The growth parameters were plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, leaf and stem...
Hydropriming of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) in Northern and Central Burkina Faso applying six hours of soaking and overnight drying of seeds
December 2017
Hydropriming of pearl millet seeds was tested during two growing seasons in Burkina Faso. A total of 32 field experiments were distributed equally between two agro-ecological zones: The Northern zone receiving on average less than 600 mm annual precipitation and the Central zone receiving 600 to 900 mm. Hydropriming was performed by soaking of seeds in water for 6 h, followed by air-drying overnight. In the Northern...
Protection of Sideroxylon obtusifolium seeds against Colletotrichum sp. with Caesalpinia ferrea extract
December 2017
Sideroxylon obtusifolium (Roem. & Schul.) Penn. is a native species from Caatinga biome, but due to disorderly exploitation for phytoteraphy industry, it is in danger of extinction. Recent researches report that the diversity of vegetal species in Brazilian semiarid regions, when meticulously assessed through methods that focus on properties of molecules from different plant structures, may present a high potential...
Impact of variable NPK source on water use efficiency and growth rates of winter grasses (cereals): Wheat, rye, barley and oats
December 2017
Growth analysis [absolute growth rate (AGR), crop growth rate (CGR), and net assimilation rate (NAR)] and water use efficiency (WUE) response of four cool season C3-cereals viz. wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), rye (Secale cereale L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and oats (Avena sativa L.) at 30, 60 and 90 days after emergence (DAE) under eight NPK sources [S1 = 20-20-20, S2= 20-27-5, S3 = 7-22-8, S4 = 10-10-10-20S,...
Effects of sewage sludge and length on initial growth of guava seedlings
December 2017
Substrate and light intensity exert influence on the quality of seedlings produced by increasing plant nutritional efficiency and growth. The objective of this work was to study the emergence and early growth of guava seedlings (Psidium guajava L.) in substrate enriched with sewage sludge and under different light intensities. In the conduction of this work, guava seeds of the cultivar Pedro Sato were used and five...
Coffee straw used as mulch for germination and strength of crops and spontaneous species seedlings
December 2017
The objective of this study was to evaluate the allelopathic effect of using conilon and arabica coffee straw as mulch on the emergence and development of three crops (Lactuca sativa, Cucumis sativu, Solanum lycopersicum) and three natural plants (Eupatorium maximilianii, Amaranthus hybridus and Bidens pilosa). The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse in a completely randomized design, with six repetitions. The...
Current knowledge and performance of existing charcoal coolers in improving the overall quality and shelf-life of French beans
December 2017
This study investigates current knowledge and performance of existing technology, ‘charcoal coolers’ in improving the overall quality and shelf-life of French beans. Data was collected primarily from a household survey using a semi-structured questionnaire administered to 45 purposively selected farmers who were selected at fixed interval. Data was analysed using the Statistical Product and Service Solutions...
Selectivity of herbicides to erva mate (Ilex paraguariensis) plants
November 2017
Herbicides can cause negative effects on the morphophysiological characteristics of agricultural crops when proper knowledge about their selectivity is not available. For erva-mate plantations, herbicides which are registered and recommended are scarce. In this sense, this study was carried out to evaluate the selectivity of herbicides applied in different doses to erva-mate. The experiment was installed in a greenhouse...
Evaluation of different sweet potato varieties for growth, quality and yield traits under chemical fertilizer and organic amendments in sandy ferralitic soils
November 2017
Growth, quality and yield components of sweet potato ((Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. Var. Tib1, IRA1112 and Red tuber coat) were investigated under three fertilizer sources (inorganic-NPK (100 kg/ha), green manure (Eichhornia crassipes) or poultry manure at 12 t/ha, singly or in combination) with three replications. Application of E. crassipes and poultry manure fertilizers in combination significantly (P < 0.05)...
Agronomic traits, chemical composition and silage quality of elephant grass fertilized with poultry litter
November 2017
The high generation of organic residues from the intensive farming of chickens has induced their use as fertilizer for forage crop production. This aimed to evaluate the effect of poultry litter application on agronomic traits and quality of silage of elephant grass. The experiment was conducted in the experimental field of Boa Vista Farm, in district of Cachoeira de Santa Cruz, Viçosa, State of Minas Gerais, in...
Relationship between physical and physiological quality variables in analyzes of black oat seeds
November 2017
The success of species implantation depends on the quality of seeds used initially. It is therefore important to ascertain that the seed is in an excellent physical, physiological, sanitary and nutritional condition as this will determine the genetic cultivars’ potential. Thus, this research work studied the relationships between physical and physiological variables in the seed. Samples were analysed and grouped...
Agro-morphologic variations among eleven potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars
November 2017
In this work, we studied agro-morphological parameters that could be used to define variaton among early, mid-early, mid-late and late potato cultivars, cropped in the main season by quantitaive and qualitative parameters (characters of mother tubers, vegetation cover, height of plants, number of leaves, number of true leaves, number of stems, number of stolons, lenght of first stolon, median diameter of first...
Temperature and substrate effects on the germination of Caesalpinia ferrea Mart. Ex Tul.
November 2017
Caesalpinia ferrea Mart. Ex Tul. is a tropical arboreal species used in naval and civil construction, and in the recovery of degraded areas. The substrate used and temperature can interfere directly in the germination of this species. This work aimed to evaluate the influence of different substrates and temperature regimes on the seed germination potential and initial growth of C. ferrea seedlings. The experiment was...
Effect of cover crops on physico-chemical attributes of soil in a short-term experiment in the southwestern Amazon region
November 2017
No-tillage is an agricultural system that is proposed as a sustainable soil management system. This paper aims to evaluate the short-term effects of cover crops on a no-tillage system, by assessing a number of physical and chemical attributes of soil of the Brazilian Amazon region. The experiment was carried out in a typical Ferralsol under a no-tillage system from March to December, 2014. A randomized block design,...
Biological control of Anastrepha Schiner (DÃptera: Tephritidae) through augmentative releases of Diachasmimorpha longicaudata Ashmead (Hymenoptera; Braconidae) in fruit-producing marginal areas of Northern Nayarit, México
November 2017
In Mexico, fruit flies (Anastrepha Schiner) are one of the main pests that affect production and limit the commercialization of fresh fruits. In regions producing municipalities such as Ruiz (Nayarit), the insect is actively multiplying in marginal areas, in fruits such as Mangifera indica L. (mango), Psidium guajava L. (guava), Spondias sp. (jobo) and Psidium sartorianum (Berg), from where they move to commercial...
Private initiatives in rural irrigated agriculture towards sustainable livelihoods in Nadowli-Kaleo District, Ghana
November 2017
At the dawn of the 21st Century, the goal of achieving poverty reduction became a global concern. Diverse livelihood public interventions such as the provision of community dams since then have been implemented in rural settings including Nadowli-Kaleo District of the Upper West Region, Ghana to promote food security through dry-season farming. However, the objectives of these interventions have not been realized....
Use of spermidine reduced the oxidative damage in onion seedlings under salinity by modulating antioxidants
November 2017
This research studies the role of spermidine (Spd) in conferring tolerance in onion seedlings under oxidative sress, caused by NaCl. Stress condition was applied on two months old onion seedlings by adding 10 gL-1 of NaCl, where 100 µM of Spd was sprayed twice daily before counting the stress duration. Under salinity stress, seedlings were observed for 7 days, and data were measured on relative leaf water,...
Corn productivity in integrated crop-livestock system: Effect of different forage masses post-grazing
November 2017
Forage management in integrated crop-livestock system is a complex activity that increases profitability, when well performed, therefore consequently influencing future crop productivity. This study aimed to evaluate the agronomic performance of corn cultivation in the integrated crop-livestock system using the no-tillage system in different forage masses post-grazing. The experiment was conducted in the municipality of...
Consortium of maize and cowpea in organic farming - dry grain production
November 2017
Intercropping of maize and cowpea is widely used by Brazilian family farmers. The aim of this work is to compare the grain yield of two maize cultivars, and one cultivar of cowpea in organic system. Treatments of monoculture of cowpea (Poços de Caldas) and maize ('BR106' and 'AG1051') and intercropping were used. A randomized block design with four replicates in an area under conversion to organic...
Propagation of Farash (Tamarix aphylla) as affected by cutting lengths under low polytunnel and open air
November 2017
A research study was conducted on Tamarix aphylla in August, 2008, in the experimental area of Department of Forestry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Punjab to find out the impact of vegetative propagation of Farash (T. aphylla) through different size of cuttings in open air and under low polytunnel. In this study, 2", 4" and 6" long cuttings were planted in shade in polythene bags, with nine...
Production and leaf nutrient content of okra influenced by soil management
November 2017
A field study was conducted to explore the effect of various rates of organic matter, two water depths, with and without mulching on production of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) and leaf nutrient content. This study was done for two years, and the experimental design of randomized blocks in a factorial 5 ËŸ 2 ËŸ 2 was used, with four replications. The treatments were five rates of organic matter, necessary for raising...
Genetic diversity among populations of the xerophytic tree species Balanites aegyptiaca and its morpho-physiological responses to water deficiency
November 2017
Water deficit negatively affects crop development and productivity. With decreasing rainfall and shortage of arable land, there is a demand for alternative drought-tolerant species for use on non-arable land. The tree species Balanites aegyptiaca is considered as drought tolerant and a potential source of many secondary metabolites. The oil-containing seeds may also be used as biofuel. Genetic diversity was investigated...
Freezing, cooling and storage of pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Dusch) seeds produced in biodynamic system
November 2017
Farmer’s dominance depends on seed processing practices that allow seed longevity and sanity throughout storage. In organic systems, seeds cannot be exposed to chemical pesticides. Therefore, organic seed treatment must be conducted by applying techniques which do not contaminate seeds and that can provide physiological and sanitary quality, and also a safe storage. This work aimed to evaluate the physiological...
Preliminary screening of cowpea-Bradyrhizobium symbiotic traits subjected to salinity stress in Senegal
November 2017
Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) is a leguminous plant which is an important source of protein, grown in arid and semi-arid areas of Africa subject to climate changes including soil salinization. The current study aimed to test the hypothesis that screening for salt-tolerant Bradyrhizobim-cowpea combination would promise a salt tolerant symbiotic system. Four selected Bradyrhizobium were characterized for their...
Farmer segmentation for enhancing technology adoption and smallholder dairy development
November 2017
Despite various interventions, smallholder dairy farming in large parts of the tropics remain characterised by low productivity, restricted market participation, and viability challenges. The problem lies in the unavailability, low adoption rates and non-adoption of available improved smallholder dairying technologies. Using Rusitu and Gokwe smallholder dairy projects in Zimbabwe as a case study, this paper explored...
Uprooting resistance of two tropical tree species for sand dune stabilization
November 2017
Coastal windbreak restoration is important in Taiwan for agroforestry and sand dune stabilization. Australian pine (Casuarina equisetifolia Forst.) is the main species in windbreaks. It often suffers from serious uprooting and waterlogging damages, whereas sea hibiscus (Hibiscus tiliaceus L.) is more resistant to wind and tolerant to waterlogging. It is suggested that sea hibiscus can be substituted for Australian pine...
Genetic diversity among muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) germplasm in Bangladesh as revealed by microsatellite markers
November 2017
Information about genetic variation has become more critical and deciding factor for any breeding and improvement effort,is difficult inefficient and inaccurate when based on morphological traits only. Therefore, this investigation was conducted using nine microsatellite DNA markers to evaluate genetic variation among 96 muskmelon germplasm in Bangladesh. All nine microsatellite markers were polymorphic. Lower values...
Records of sub family Scelioninae (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) from oriental region with description of one new species
November 2017
A new species from genus Cardalnamannus and re-description of species from genus Encyrtoscelio Dodd (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) is being described, which were collected by sweet net collection from the state of Uttarakhand, India. The species Cardalnaumannus ramamurthyum sp. nov. is described as new species and re-description of species Encyrtoscelio apterus (Szelényi) for the first time from Uttarakhand,...
Use of house cricket to address food security in Kenya: “Nutrient and chitin composition of farmed crickets as influenced by ageâ€
November 2017
House cricket is currently introduced for scaled-up production in farming systems in Kenya and other parts of the world, as an alternative source of animal proteins. The aim of this study was to assess the nutritional composition in farmed cricket as influenced by age in order to ascertain the optimal harvesting time for possible utilization of crickets in improving child nutrition in Kenya. Sampling was carried out...
Effect of modified spacing arrangements, fertilizer use and legume intercrop on prevalence of cassava brown streak disease in Western Kenya
November 2017
Cassava is an important food security crop in Western and Coastal counties of Kenya. As a food security crop, it is continuously cultivated with minimal inputs. Its production is constrained by factors like declining soil fertility, poor agronomic practices, pests and diseases. Cassava brown streak disease (CBSD) is a viral infection attacking the cassava crop causing yield losses of up to 100%. The current study was...
Practices of farmers in processing and marketing of crayfish in Akwa-Ibom State, Nigeria
November 2017
The study was undertaken to assess farmer’s practices in processing and marketing of crayfish in Akwa-Ibom State, Nigeria. Ninety crayfish farmers systematically selected from two zones, four blocks and twelve circles formed sample for the study. An interview schedule was used to collect data while percentage, mean score and multiple regression were used in data analysis. Findings show that the majority (95.6%) of...
Rice false smut and its management in major rice growing areas in Ashanti region of Ghana
October 2017
Ustilaginoidea virens, the pathogen that causes rice false smut (RFS) disease induces infertility in infected spikelets, reduces grain weight and caused up to 75% yield loss. Surveys on RFS disease were conducted from September to December, 2015 in 60 rice farms within three districts: Ejisu-Juaben, Ejura-Sekyedumase and Asante Akim-North, in the Ashanti region of Ghana. Incidence and severity, as well as farmers’...
Performance of the Brachiaria hybrid ‘Mulatto II’ under different doses and forms of limestone application in the Amazon
October 2017
Acid soils have been responsible for the poor performance of most plant species, and liming is an efficient way of correcting the pH of such soils. The aim of this study was to assess the performance and establishment of the Brachiaria hybrid ‘Mulatto II’ under different doses and forms of limestone application. The experimental design was of five doses of limestone (0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 t ha-1) and two forms...
Relative competitiveness of Phaseolus vulgaris with Bidens pilosa
October 2017
In agriculture, weeds tend to compete with the crop for scarce resources like water, light and nutrients, which incurs losses to farmers. Consequently, farmers must deal with weeds to derive maximum benefits for their crops and the environment. The aim of this paper was to assess the competitiveness of common bean crops in the presence of hairy beggarsticks (Bidens pilosa) at different population densities. The...
The effect of vegetation covers on the physical properties of a red latosol
October 2017
In this study, the physical properties of a red latosol were assessed under Cerrado (a Savannah like vegetation type) and under of Eucalyptus grandis cultivation. Two contiguous sites of 14 ha each showing similar original vegetation cover, slope, topographic position, soil type, and sun exposure (aspect) were selected. Systematically, 20 sampling points were distributed in each site, from which soil deformed samples...
Influence of pre-germination treatments on germination seed in Melanoxylon brauna Schott
October 2017
This study evaluated the presence of integument dormancy in Melanoxylon brauna seeds by testing the influence of nine pre-germination treatments on seed germination compared to a control (no pre-germination) treatment. Pre-germination treatments include; immersion in sulfuric acid for 5 min, 10 min, 15 min and 30 min, hot water at 80°C without soaking, hot water at 80°C with soaking for 30 min, 90 min, 24 h, and...
The effects of interest rates on access to agro-credit by farmers in Kaduna State, Nigeria
October 2017
This study examined the effect of interest rates on access to agro-credit by farmers in Kaduna State, Nigeria. This study employed survey research methodology which covered the three agricultural zones in the study area. The data generated were analyzed using descriptive statistics, multiple regression and 4-point likert scale rating. It was shown that, majority (40%) were aged between 31 and 40 years and about 41.20%...
The latest research progress of forest economics and analysis: Based on the review and analysis of studies in the two international authoritative journals
October 2017
As a cross discipline, the study scope of the forest economics has expanded continuously. Based on the review and analysis of the study in the two international authoritative journals, “Journal of Forest Economics” and “Forest Policy and Economics” from 2010 to 2014, this paper discussed the latest research progress of forest economics and the main contents of the study in order to provide a...
Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizer effects on cassava tuber yield in the coastal district of Dondo, Mozambique
October 2017
Meeting an increasing demand for cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) by industrial and commercial food sectors requires basic agronomic information on fertilizer requirements and appropriate fertilizer recommendations for high tuber yield and quality. A no-till study involving twenty fertilizer treatments consisting of different combinations of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) fertilizer rates was...
Potential of plant ethanolic extracts on Meloidogyne incognita control in tomato
October 2017
Nematodes are obligatory parasites that compromise agricultural production worldwide. The use of alternative methods to replace the chemical pesticides in the control of this pest is increasingly growing, due to its pollution to the environment. In order to evaluate the biocidal effect of plant extracts, combinations of extracts of Neem (Azadirachta indica), croton (Croton campestris) and manioc (Manihot esculenta) were...
Agronomic performance of wheat as a function of different spacing and sowing densities in two agricultural years
October 2017
Optimization of the use of agricultural inputs and the efficient management of the wheat crop can increase the yield potential per unit area. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the agronomic performance of a wheat cultivar in function of different spacing and sowing densities in two agricultural years. The experiment was performed during the 2010 and 2011 agricultural years. The experimental design...
Characterization of sweet potato accessions in Malawi using morphological markers and farmers’ indigenous knowledge system (IKS)
October 2017
Characterization of landraces is central to any conservation measures devised for sweet potato in Malawi. Studies were therefore conducted using seven morphological descriptors and farmers’ indigenous knowledge systems (IKS) to investigate the phenotypical diversity of 286 landraces and 35 introductions of sweet potato from the north, south east and lower Shire. The accessions were planted in a check plot design...
Livestock herders’ perception on the causes and effects of Senna obtusifolia L. invasion in rangelands of Northern Ethiopia
October 2017
Livestock herders’ perception on the invasion and effects of Senna obtusifolia L. were gotten from two locations (Kafta Humera and Tsegede) in Northern Ethiopia. From each location, three peasant associations were selected using key formants and group discussion. The invasion level of S. obtusifolia L. was higher near settlements and road side of continuously grazed lands of the study area. S. obtusifolia L....
Characterization of the levels of cassava commercialization among smallholder farmers in Kenya: A multinomial regression approach
October 2017
Cassava commercialization is a concept that has been used by many development practitioners because of its possible strategic role in transforming livelihoods of smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa, including Siaya and Kilifi Counties in Kenya. This concept can easily be implemented when the levels of commercialization is known. However, empirical evidence reveals little information on the levels of cassava...
Induction of antioxidant system in niger (Guizotia abyssinica Cass.) under drought stress
October 2017
Drought stress is a highly pervasive and economically damaging abiotic stress that affects plant yield and productivity worldwide. Physiologically, drought stress in plants is associated with oxidative stress leading to tissue damage. Drought stress imposed over 72 h in 10 days old seedlings of Guizotia abyssinica Cass, niger (cv; RCR-18) under greenhouse conditions resulted in elevated levels of oxidative stress...
Promoting micro, small and medium enterprises in beekeeping in Zambia’s Central Province: Making a case for the adoption of business incubation strategy
October 2017
Beekeeping has been a thriving enterprise among farmers in selected parts of Zambia. However, despite its enormous potential for transforming rural communities and through income generation, the beekeeping sector has experienced stunted growth for many years (or has not experienced meaningful growth for many years). Therefore, this study investigates the nature of beekeeping in selected parts of Zambia’s Central...
Slaughter performance and meat quality of intact and castrated Washera sheep kept under feedlot condition
October 2017
A study was conducted to evaluate the feedlot performance in carcass traits and meat quality of intact and castrated Washera sheep under low (300 g/day) and high (450 g/day) dry matter (DM) levels of concentrate mix supplementation. The concentrate mix contained 68% wheat bran and 32% noug seed cake. 24 sheep (12 intact and 12 castrated) with age range of 9 to 10 months and initial weight of 24.1±1.8 kg (mean...
The influence of organic manure formulated from goat manure on growth and yield of tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum)
October 2017
The influence of organic hydroponic nutrient solution on tomato growth and yield was studied using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three treatments (organic nutrient solution, conventional hydroponic fertiliser (as positive control) and plain tap water (as negative control)) replicated three times. Determinate tomato seeds were germinated and transplanted into the 3 treatments. Twenty days after...
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