Characterization of the levels of cassava commercialization among smallholder farmers in Kenya: A multinomial regression approach
October 2017
Cassava commercialization is a concept that has been used by many development practitioners because of its possible strategic role in transforming livelihoods of smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa, including Siaya and Kilifi Counties in Kenya. This concept can easily be implemented when the levels of commercialization is known. However, empirical evidence reveals little information on the levels of cassava...
Spatial distribution of adults and nymphs of stink bug, Edessa meditabunda (Fabricius, 1974) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) on soybean Bt and non-Bt
October 2017
Knowledge of the dispersion of adults and nymphs of Edessa meditabunda in soybean model is needed to determine the control actions and thus enable proper use of strategies to avoid losses in production. This research aimed to conduct probabilistic analysis of the spatial distribution patterns of adults and nymphs of E. meditabunda in two regions in soybean Bt and non-Bt. For the evaluations, the method of cloth-to- beat...
Effect of lime and phosphorus fertilizer on acid soil properties and barley grain yield at Bedi in Western Ethiopia
October 2017
Soil acidity associated with soil fertility problems are the main constraints hindering barley production in most highlands of Ethiopia. Field experiment was conducted to evaluate effects of lime and phosphorus (P) fertilizer application to acid soils on grain yield of barley and soil chemical properties during 2009 to 2013 cropping seasons at Bedi in Western Ethiopia. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete...
Evaluation of ‘Tifton 85’ during hay production using different nitrogen fertilization rates and dehydration methods
October 2017
The objective of this study was to evaluate Cynodon species ‘Tifton 85’ at different hay production phases (harvest, baling, and storage) and different (N) rates. Dehydration of the first crop was carried out in the field, while the second crop was in the shed. Dry matter and protein content increased linearly with the N rates. Dehydration in the shed was not effective for hay production, since dry matter...
Production systems of village chickens in the Abu-Dhabi Emirate, UAE
October 2017
The study was undertaken to establish the village chicken (VC) production systems and to generate information on VC utilization, management practices, opportunities and challenges, using a survey. Only 20% of VC owners were females. The VC are raised mainly (80%) as dual purpose, eggs and meat. The average flock size is 457 layer hens, with 7:1 hens to cocks. Chickens houses were semi-closed cages (47%) partly shaded...
Comparison of five different methods in estimating reference evapotranspiration in Cape Coast, Ghana
October 2017
A number of methods have been developed to estimate reference crop evapotranspiration (ETo), but most of the reliable methods are complex and parameter rich models and therefore difficult to apply in data scarce regions. This study was conducted to determine suitable simple ETo methods in Cape Coast by comparing estimated ETo values of three indirect-measurement methods: Hamon, Hargreaves, Blaney Criddle; and two...
Yields and forage nutritive quality of high-yielding dual purpose cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) varieties in the Sahelian low-input cropping system
October 2017
Cowpea is a major food legume crop in the Sahel with tolerance to drought and to the nutrients-leached acid sandy soils of this region. However, the existing cowpea varieties grown by farmers are low yielding and pest sensitive which make them unsuitable to satisfy farmer’s needs. The objective of this study was to identify high-yielding cowpea varieties which are well adapted to the Sahelian ecosystem. Eight...
Organizational and institutional environment in wheat production chain in Mozambique
October 2017
Wheat’s production chain is one of the sectors that have received a lot of attention not only by the Mozambican government, but also by its national and international partners alike. This is due to the interest of the government and its partners to raise production levels and as such, lower the need of importing these goods in the coming years. Due to efforts from Mozambican government to elevate production levels...
Enhancing surface liming rate on a no-till cropping system in an oxisol of Southern Brazilian
September 2017
The aim of the experiment is to evaluate the physical and chemical effects caused on the properties of red latosol containing high levels of organic matter in the aftermath of 40 months after surface liming and the effects on yield components of no-till maize. The experiment was conducted in an area of 1000 m2 split into 40 plots of 25 m2, and the experimental design adopted was randomized complete blocks with...
Relative chlorophyll index on doses of nitrogen fertilization for cherry tomato culture
September 2017
Tomato culture is very nitrogen demanding and periodical evaluation of the nutritional state of tomato plants can help in handling nitrogen fertilization. Determining the relative content of chlorophyll using a chlorophyll meter or soil plant analysis development (SPAD) has come up as an alternative method among the common methods. The aim of this study was to determine the relative chlorophyll index in the leaf blade...
Physical properties of soil and productivity of maize intercropped with different cover plants
September 2017
The system of intercropping maize with other plant species has been a common practice for several years, but its use has been increasingly mainly to improve the quality of soil physical properties of no-tillage system. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of intercropping using different cover plants on the physical properties of soil and the productivity of maize. Field experiments were conducted...
Growth, yield and fruit quality of ‘Chimarrita’ peach trees grafted on different rootstocks
September 2017
Rootstocks influence the performance and characteristics of fruit trees. However, there is still insufficient information on the relation of rootstocks in mainly cultivars of peach trees grown in Brazil. Therefore, this study aims at evaluating the performance of eight rootstocks: Aldrighi, Capdeboscq, Flordaguard, Nemaguard, Okinawa, Umezeiro, Tsukuba and Seleção Viamão grafted by...
Substrates and indolebutyric acid (IBA) concentrations in air-layering rooting of Tamarind tree
September 2017
Considering that tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.), an exotic fruit in Brazil, is appreciated in natura consumption and has been highlighted by its nutritional and pharmaceutical characteristics, its application in medicines available in the market due its long period of freshness has become an obstacle to the commercial cultivation of this fruit; therefore, the method of propagation by air-layering can solve this...
Vibration levels emitted by agricultural tractors
September 2017
The objective of this study was to evaluate the vibration levels emitted by agricultural tractors with different capacities, comparing the results with the current norms in Brazil. The test was carried out with four tractors of different strengths - Massey Ferguson MF 4292 (engine power of 110 hp at 2,200 rpm, manufactured in 2011, and at the moment of the beginning of the tests has worked for 2,560 h), MF 4275 (engine...
Detection and identification of bacterial soft rot of potato Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum using specific PCR primers in Jordan
September 2017
Potato soft rot is one of the major destructive diseases affecting potato plants throughout the world. In a survey of different potato growing seasons in different regions of Jordan, samples of rotten potato tubers were collected and 131 isolates identified biochemically as Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum (Pcc). The PCR primer pair (EXPCCR/EXPCCF) was used to detect these Jordanian isolates. The primer set...
Phosphorus, copper and zinc leached in lysimeters with red-yellow latosol subjected to different rates of reused swine water and irrigation water
September 2017
This study evaluates some micro- elements, phosphorus, copper and zinc leached in lysimeters with red-yellow Latosol under different rates of reused water and irrigation water. This was done for a period of 40 days (August to October 2014) at the initial cycle of cauliflower cultivar ‘Verona CMS’, in Sinop/Mato Grosso. Reused swine water (0, 50 and 150 m3 ha-1) was applied in one portion before...
Oil palm Fusarium wilt distribution and incidence in Southern Region of Ivory Coast
September 2017
Fusarium wilt of oil palm is caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. elaeidis (Foe) and is particularly prevalent in Africa. This work shows prospect in the industrial and village oil palm plantations in the Southern region of Ivory Coast, used to assess the incidence and distribution of this disease. The method used entailed taking an inventory of all the plants in a given plot, noting the presence or absence of symptoms...
Effect of deprivation of selected single nutrients on biometric parameters of cedar seedlings (Acrocarpus fraxinifolius) grown in nutritive solution
September 2017
The purpose of this work was to assess biometric parameters of cedar seedlings (Acrocarpus fraxinifolius) associated with visual symptomatology of macronutrients deficiency, growth rate, and content and accumulation of nutrients in aerial parts of seedlings grown in nutritive solution. The trial was established in completely randomized design with seven treatments, four replications, and one plant per pot. Treatments...
Influence of Diatraea saccharalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) infestation on sweet sorghum productivity and juice quality
September 2017
Ethanol production from sweet sorghum depends on the quality of the biomass and sugars in the juice extracted from the plant. However, quality may be compromised by Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) or sugarcane borer infestation. This study evaluated the effects of infestation by the pest on sweet sorghum juice productivity and quality. Sorghum variety BRS506 was planted in an experimental area...
Challenges to the efficacy of forestry and wildlife policies in Ghana for environmental protection: A review
September 2017
Despite the promulgation of various forest and wildlife policies aimed at ensuring the sustainability and conservation of the environment since 1874, Ghana continues to trail in issues regarding environmental control, especially in mitigating the upfront menace of deforestation and pollution of the environment. The desk review study, driven by qualitative research approach with document analysis, was undertaken to...
Populational dynamics of fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in guava orchards in the Northwest region of EspÃrito Santo, Brazil
September 2017
The diversity of fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in commercial guava orchards in the Northwest region of Espírito Santo, Brazil was recorded. Also, their population dynamics, correlation with climatic factors and their parasitoids were recorded. This study was carried out in three commercial guava orchards of the cultivar Paluma, located in the municipality of São Roque do Canaã, Central region...
BRS Gabriela (Ricinus communis L.) castor bean seedlings in function of substrate and container volume
September 2017
Castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) is an oleaginous of high economic value because its oil has numerous applications in the industry, such as in the manufacture of enamels and paints. Presently, its production is aimed at being used as a biodiesel. The main obstacle to a high production is the survival of the young plants in field in a no-tillage system. An alternative would be the production of seedlings. The objective...
Effect of organic mulches and land preparation methods on soil moisture and sesame productivity
September 2017
Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is one of the exportable commodities in Ethiopia, though its productivity is threatened by moisture stress. This research aims to study effect of organic mulches and land preparation methods on sesame productivity and in-situ moisture conservation. The experiment was carried out in Humera, Western Tigray during 2015/16 growing season. The experimental design was factorial randomized complete...
Application of multivariate probit on determinants of sesame farmers market outlet choices in Gimbi District, Ethiopia
September 2017
Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is an important crop produced in Ethiopia for oilseed production and it was ranked first in total production from oil crops in 2013. The study is based on a survey of 166 farmers covering six kebeles in Gimbi district, Ethiopia with the objectives of identifying factors affecting choice of market outlet of sesame producers in the study area. Data were collected from both primary and secondary...
Comparative assessment of proximate content and organoleptic quality of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) processed by smoking and solar drying methods
September 2017
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of two processing methods (smoking and solar drying) on the proximate content, organoleptic characteristics and nutritional qualities of Clarias gariepinus. The moisture content of the smoked fish sample was lower (8.10%) than that of the sun dried sample (25.00%). The crude protein, carbohydrate, fat, ash, crude fibre and nitrogen free extract of the smoked fish...
Effects of grass (Hyperenia spp.) mulching rate on development and yield of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) under drip irrigation
September 2017
Mulching minimizes water evaporation from cropped surfaces and increases efficiency of water utilization by the crops. A study was conducted between January to March and August to November 2015 in Zimbabwe, to establish the effect of different densities of thatch grass (Hyperrhenia filipendula) mulch on growth and yield of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) under drip irrigation. The experiment was laid in a Randomized...
Genotype by environment interaction and yield stability of early maturing maize single cross hybrids at three locations in Southern Ghana
September 2017
A grain yield trial was conducted in three locations in Southern Ghana. The objective of the trial was to determine the effects of genotype by environment interaction on 90 early maturing hybrid maize. The trial was conducted in Fumesua, Ejura and Kpeve; representing the forest, forest-Savanna transition and coastal-Savanna transition zones respectively. The analysis of variance for grain yield demonstrated that...
Stability analysis for yield and yield contributing characters in hybrid maize (Zea mays L.)
September 2017
Twenty one hybrids along with two check varieties of maize were assessed for genotype environment interaction (GEI) and stability for selection of the best hybrid maize in three different Agro-Ecological Zones (AEZ) of Bangladesh during rabi season 2014/2015. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with 3 replications. The additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) model was used...
Screening of guar accessions [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.] for higher yield potential under irrigated conditions
September 2017
Twelve quantitative traits such as germination percentage, days to 50% flowering, plant height, branches plant-1, clusters plant-1, pod length, days to maturity, 1000-seed weight and grain yield plot-1 were studied to determinate ample variation and association between 100 Guar [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.] genotypes to screen out the best performing lines. Variance study of quantitative traits in various...
Coffee production through wet process: Ripeness and quality
September 2017
Coffee has the characteristic of ripening unevenly. Production through wet process favors ripe berries. The fraction of green and green-cane fruit on the coffee tree is normally treated as an inferior quality product. The objective of this work was to evaluate the physical and sensorial aspects of the quality of green-cane and cherry coffee produced through wet process. Batches of coffee were separated according to...
Differential reaction of cowpea genotypes to brown blotch disease (Colletotrichum capsici) in Burkina Faso
September 2017
Thirty six Colletotrichum capsici (L.) single spore isolates associated with brown blotch disease in cowpea were collected from three agro-ecological zones of Burkina Faso from October to November 2014. To identify the most virulent strains, cowpea genotypes KVx61-1, KVx396-4-5-2-D and Moussa Local was inoculated with each isolate. The results showed that isolates 096-SA-2, 071-FA-6 and 079-PM-2 were the most virulent,...
Genetic diversity of rice from Iran region assessed by simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers
September 2017
Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers (36 microsatellite pairs) were used to assess genetic diversity among sixteen rice (Oriza sativa L.) cultivars from Iran, four from Uzbekistan, and one from Afghanistan, and to compare this diversity with that of three control cultivars including Nipponbare, Jasmine 85 and Basmati 370. Among the 36 microsatellite pairs, 31 produced polymorphisms ranging from 1 to 7 alleles (average =...
Effects of cattle manure over the content, extraction and exportation of nutrients in snap bean
September 2017
The use of organic fertilizers is essential for the sustainable production of vegetables. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different doses of cattle manure on plant nutrition, yield, extraction and exportation of nutrients in the snap bean cultivar “macarrão trepador”. The experiment was held in EPAMIG-southeast, in Oratório-MG. The randomized block design...
Phosphorus fixation and its relationship with physicochemical properties of soils on the Eastern flank of Mount Cameroon
September 2017
The Eastern flank of Mount Cameroon is made up of human settlement and agricultural activities. Determination of phosphorus (P) fixation characteristics of soils around this region is important for a clean environment and economic fertilizer application. The objectives of this study were to evaluate P-fixation characteristics of soils within the region and identify factors contributing to P-fixation. Composite surface...
Husbandry practices and phenotypic characteristics of indigenous goat populations in Ethiopia
September 2017
The present study was conducted with the objective to characterize the husbandry practices and phenotypic characteristics of mature Bati, Borana and Short-eared Somali goats kept under traditional management systems so that the information generated can be used in designing breeding programs. The study was covered five districts in four administrative zones of Ethiopia representing Bati (in Oromia Zone) and Kalu (in...
Farmers’ perception of agromorphological traits and uses of cocoyam (Xanthosoma sagittifolium (L.) Schott) grown in Ethiopia
August 2017
Cocoyam (Xanthosoma sagittifolium (L.) Schott) is one of the tuberous root crops in the Araceae family that has been grown in Ethiopia. It has spread widely and has become an important part of the agriculture and food systems of indigenous communities in southern and southwestern Ethiopia. However, less research attention has been given to cocoyam. It is a neglected/underutilized or ignored crop. A survey was...
Performance of intraspecific hybrids (Kouillou x Robusta) of Coffea canephora Pierre
August 2017
The experiment was carried out in 2005 in the municipality of Ouro Preto do Oeste at the experimental station of Embrapa Rondônia. 256 genotypes were evaluated, from nine hybridizations among parents of Kouillou (Cpafro 121, Cpafro 194, Cpafro 199 and Emcapa 03) and Robusta (Robusta 1675, Robusta 2258 and Robusta 640). The experimental design was a randomized complete block design, where each cross was represented...
Effect of cutting time on agronomic and nutritional characteristics of nine commercial cultivars of Brachiaria grass compared with Napier grass during establishment under semi-arid conditions in Rwanda
August 2017
A study was conducted to identify the most productive cultivars and their cutting management to optimize nutrient productivity in semi-arid areas of Rwanda. Four cultivars of Brachiaria brizantha (Piatá, MG4, Marandú and Xaraes), two cultivars of Brachiaria humidicola (Llanero and Humidicola), two cultivars of Brachiaria hybrid (Mulato and Mulato II) and one cultivar of Brachiaria decumbens (Basilisk) were...
Effect of planting density on growth, yield and yield attributes of rice (Oryza sativa L.)
August 2017
The study was conducted during 2012 from May to August cropping year at paddy field of Tsukuba International Training Center (TBIC), Japan. The main purpose of the experiment was to investigate the effect of planting density on the growth, yield and yield attributes of rice. The experiment comprised of five planting densities (16.7, 22.2, 25, 33.3 and 50 hills m-2). It was arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design...
Development of a low cost and energy efficient tobacco curing barn in Zimbabwe
August 2017
Most of the tobacco in Zimbabwe are grown by small scale tobacco growers who rely on wood-fuelled inefficient conventional barns with fuel wood requirements as high as 14 kg wood to one kilogram of cured tobacco leaf. This level of fuel wood use is not sustainable as it results in massive tobacco-curing related deforestation. The main objective of this study was therefore to design an energy efficient barn (Kutsaga...
Effect of integrated agronomic management practices on yield and yield components of groundnut in Abergelle, Tigray, Ethiopia
August 2017
Poor soil fertility, moisture stress, and shortage of early maturing varieties are the major groundnut production constraints in the study area. This study was executed to evaluate the effect of Diammonium phosphate (DAP) and gypsum application, tied ridging and supplementary irrigation on groundnut production. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications in two sites....
Effect of row spatial arrangements on agromorphological responses of maize (Zea mays L.) and cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] in an intercropping system in Southern Cote d'Ivoire
August 2017
Field trials were conducted at the University Nangui Abrogoua, Abidjan, southern Cote d'Ivoire during the 2015 and 2016 short rainy season to study the performance of maize (Zea mays L.) and cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] intercrop as influenced by row arrangement. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) with five treatments (SM; SC; MC; 1M1C and 2M4C) and three replications was used. SM was sole maize, SC...
Growth and senescence of Urochloa brizantha under Brazilian Cerrado conditions
August 2017
The growth and senescence of Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu were analyzed under the Brazilian Cerrado conditions. The seeds were sowed in November at the beginning of the rainy season. Samples of tillers were collected. The culms, inflorescences, along with green and dead leaves were removed to obtain leaf area and dry matter measurements. The maximum leaf area index (LAI = 5.80 m2 m-2) was achieved at 97 days after...
Effect of seeds pretreatment and storage on improvement of the germination and emergence of Anthyllis cytisoïdes L.
August 2017
Anthyllis cytisoïdes L. is a species of shrubby legume that is a member of the Fabaceae family and grows in zones located along the coast, near the Mediterranean Sea. This shrubby forage species is considered a good aliment source for some ruminants. Pretreatment seeds germination and their viability after storage for long periods of time were tested. Pretreatment conditions were as follows: (T1) seeds were soaked...
Influence of boll sampling method and water stress on fiber quality of irrigated cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
August 2017
The quality of cotton fibers in Brazil has been studied. This was done by studying the fiber samples obtained from bolls removed from the middle third of the plants. These fiber samples are referred to as “standard sample”. This way to collect fiber data requires lots of labor, and may disguise the results obtained in experimental appraisals, due to human errors in gathering boll. Besides, cotton yield and...
Sample size for evaluation of eggplant and gilo seedlings
August 2017
In horticultural nurseries, it is important to determine the number of plants to be evaluated to obtain reliable inferences about seedling growth. The objective of this study was to determine the sample size required to estimate the mean of quality traits of eggplant and gilo seedlings. The seedlings of both vegetables were produced in expanded polystyrene trays using (8×16) 128 cells each and 40 cm3 high. At 45...
Agronomic practices and causes of decline in trifoliate yam (Dioscorea dumentorum Kunth Pax) production in Enugu State, Nigeria
August 2017
Trifoliate yam is a species of yam with limited documented research and information on its production and importance in spite of its high yielding quality, nutritional, medicinal and industrial uses. This study was therefore carried out to describe agronomic practices, production trend and causes of decline in trifoliate yam production in Enugu state, Nigeria. Three agricultural zones, six blocks, eighteen circles and...
Restoring soil fertility in previously sugarcane cropped farms for maize production in Butere- Kakamega County
August 2017
The depletion of fertility in tropical soils of sub Saharan Africa (SSA) is mainly due to continuous cropping without proper nutrient replenishment. This study was intended to find ways of restoring soil fertility towards sustainable maize production in previously sugarcane cropped fields in Butere-Kakamega County. Field experiments were conducted in Butere and Bukura sites located in Kakamega County in the long rains...
The study of entrepreneurial skills required by small scale poultry farmers in Orumba North and South Local Government Area of Anambra State, Nigeria
August 2017
The study investigated entrepreneurial skills required by small-scale poultry farmers in Orumba North and South Local Government Area of Anambra State. Four research questions were developed and hypothesis tested at 0.05 level of significance. Twenty nine (29) structured questionnaire items were developed and face validated by three experts. The reliability of the questionnaire was determined using Cronbach Alpha...
Response of yield and yield components of tomato (Solanum lycopersicon L.) to different inter and intra-row spacing at Merebleke, Northern Ethiopia
August 2017
A field experiment was conducted at Aksum Agricultural Research Center Merebleke irrigation testing site for two years, 2014 and 2015 cropping calendar under irrigation condition. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of Inter and intra-row spacing on growth, Yield and fruit characteristics of Melkashola variety of tomato. The trial was laid out in factorial randomized complete block design in three...
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