Effect of calcium chloride dipping treatment on quality of Ziziphus spina-christi L. fruits during cold storage
April 2018
Zizyphus spina-christi L. is one of the wide varieties of plant grown in Al-Ahsa Oasis in Saudi Arabia and known locally as Alnabaq (buckthorn). The objective of this investigation was to study the effects of postharvest calcium chloride applications on fruit quality of buckthorn under cold storage condition at 2°C and 90% RH for 5 weeks.¬¬ Fruits were dipped in calcium chloride at different concentrations...
Effects of market price, cultivating area and price regulation on cotton production in China
April 2018
This study examines the quantitative effects of market price in cotton producing areas of China. It also analyzes the qualitative effects of price regulation on cotton production. Secondary time series data were collected from National Bureau of Statistics in China, between 1990 and 2013. Calculation of the growth rate of cotton in production was done using linear trend model and multi-regression model to analyze the...
Prospection and production of Solanaceae species resistant to the root knot nematode
April 2018
Plant species of Solanaceae family are affected by numerous pathogens worldwide. Among them is the root-knot nematode which hinders the establishment of crops in the field, reducing their production capacity. This work aims to select Solanaceae species tolerant or resistant to root-knot nematode under the climatic conditions of Fortaleza, Ceará. Two experiments were performed. For both, the followings were...
Genotypic variability in some sun flower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrids evaluated in Khordunia under rainfed conditions
April 2018
Twenty locally generated hybrids of Sun flower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrids were evaluated in two seasons (2012 and 2013) for yield and yield components at Khordunia area, Blue Nile State under rain fed conditions. A randomized complete block design with six replications was used for laying out the field experiments. The seeds were sown in the second and third week of July in the first and second seasons, respectively...
Towards being equal to them: Impact of organic certified production systems on women empowerment in agriculture
April 2018
The objective of the study was to determine the degree of women empowerment in agriculture as well as examine the effect of organic certification and other socio-economic and cultural factors on women empowerment in agriculture in Kenya. This objective was achieved using data from peri-urban vegetable and rural honey producing households. It followed the innovative multidimensional measurement of women empowerment in...
Thermal comfort analysis of agricultural machinery operators with thermography
April 2018
Heat stress appears as a strong candidate for physical wear and tear, leading to lower yields and high risks of accidents due to lack of attention. In this context, this work aims to study the possible influence of the internal temperature of metal roof tractor, skin temperature of face operator, relating it to possible physiological responses connected with environmental variables such as relative humidity air and wind...
Nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers in elephant-grass for energy use
April 2018
Nitrogen is the mineral element that plants most require. Its deficiency quickly inhibits plant growth. Excessive nitrogen fertilization raises the cost of biomass production. Therefore, there is a need to find the appropriate dose of nitrogen fertilizer that provides greater efficiency in dry matter production. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers on the chemical...
Nutrient absorption march and accumulation of nutrients in developing Roxo de Valinhos fig (Ficus carica L.) tree, cultivated under different water regimes
April 2018
The nutrient absorption march in fig (Ficus carica L.) trees and other fruit trees has been studied only at the seedling stage, and little is known about nutrient accumulation in perennial plants when the entire life cycle of the plant is considered. To this end, the present study aimed to evaluate nutrient accumulation in the Roxo de Valinhos fig tree, cultivated with and without supplemental irrigation. The split-plot...
Bacaba-de-leque (Oenocarpus distichus): A new wet tropics’ nutritional source
April 2018
The present study aims to determine the nutritional composition of soluble and insoluble fibers, vitamins and minerals in the fruit of bacaba-de-leque (Oenocarpus distichus Mart.) a native Central Amazonian tropical fruit. Results show the fiber contents to be 3.95 g 100 g-1, 100% of which shows to be insoluble fibers. Potassium stood out among the minerals, with 173.85 mg 100 g-1. High vitamin E concentration (6.65 mg...
Cropping systems and soil quality and fertility in south-central Uganda
April 2018
Little is known about how cropping systems influence soil quality and fertility in Uganda. Some cropping systems are more valued and as a result are given more nutrients and planted in certain soils, all of which leads to varying soil quality and fertility. This study compared soil quality (soil pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), electric conductivity (EC), total N, and depth to restrictive layer (DRL)) and fertility...
Rice farmers’ perception of climate change and adaptation strategies in the Ketu North District, Volta Region of Ghana
April 2018
This study assessed rice farmers’ perception of climate change and adaptation strategies in the Ketu North District, Volta Region of Ghana. Climate variables particularly precipitation and temperature were taken in the climate change perception study. Multistage sampling technique was used to select 340 rice farmers from six farming sections, and a structured questionnaire was used to elicit data from the...
Soybean development under soil water deficit
April 2018
One of the main factors affecting soybean development is water deficiency, especially when it occurs during the flowering and pods filling stages. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the soybean development under soil water deficit in different phenological phases, under soil and climatic conditions of Bom Jesus, Piaui State, Brazil. The test was conducted at São Luiz Farm, located 3 km from Bom Jesus to...
Seed health tests of traditional leafy vegetables and pathogenicity in plants
April 2018
Traditional leafy vegetables play a significant role in the daily diets of many people in Zimbabwe. They are produced by smallholder farmers with limited knowledge on the agronomic value of high-quality seed, on seed storage, and on plant- and seed-borne pathogens. The quality of the seed is rarely tested for seed-borne pathogens posing risks of pathogen build-up. This study was conducted in order to determine the...
A survey of the insect pests and farmers’ practices in the cropping of yellow pepper Capsicum annuum Linnaeus in Enugu State of Eastern Nigeria
April 2018
Yellow pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is the second market gardening crop after tomato, and subsequently, a major source of income to farmers in Nigeria. Pests and diseases reduce yields and quality of marketable fruits. A study was conducted in Ibagwa-Agu, Lejja, Edem, Alor-Uno and Eha-Alumona agro-based communities of Nsukka Local Government Area to assess the economic implications of insect infestation and control...
Quality of Soil in the function of biological fertilization and plant covering
April 2018
The yield of soybean was influenced by the chemical and microbiological properties of the soil, which was favored by management techniques that promote improvement in soil quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate soybean yield, chemical and microbiological quality of the soil as a function of biological fertilization and soil cover conditions. The experiment was conducted in both crops seasons 2015/16 and...
Agronomic efficiency of Bradyrhizobium pre-inoculation in association with chemical treatment of soybean seeds
April 2018
The competitiveness of Brazilian soybean in the international market is highly dependent on biological nitrogen fixation, whose efficiency is related to factors that affect the survival of the bacteria, such as the chemicals used in the treatment of seeds. The study objective was to evaluate Bradyrhizobium pre-inoculation (10 days before sowing) of soybean seeds treated with fungicides and insecticide compared to the...
Environmental conditions of the interior of the tropical forest and regeneration of tree species
April 2018
This study aimed to analyze the interactions between environmental variables and the occurrence of tree species in the understory of an Atlantic forest fragment in Southeastern Brazil. The vegetation data collection was carried out in ten locations, with trees having diameter at breast height (DBH) larger than 5 cm and with distinct physiographic characteristics, orientation and slope. The following variables were...
Effects of mineral salts on forage seeds germination
April 2018
The objective of this study was to evaluate seed germination of three different forage species subjected to saline stress. The seeds remained in salt for 0 to 24 h and were then deposited in field beds. After 15 days, the germination was evaluated from its emergence. The effect of NaCl on germination was evaluated for the following treatments: a) 0 h (control); b) permanence in NaCl for 6 h; c) permanence in NaCl for 12...
Fungistatic activity of essential oil of Lippia sidoides Cham. against Curvularia lunata
April 2018
Synthetic pesticides used in agriculture to control pathogens are being widely questioned for their harmful effects on human health and the environment. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the fungistatic activity of Lippia sidoides Cham. essential oil on alternative control of Curvularia lunata (Wakker), the causal agent of spot in maize plants. The fungitoxic contact effect was successful, resulting...
Influence of reducing sugar contents on sprout growth of blackberry cuttings
April 2018
The objective of this study was to analyze the use of different doses of indolebutyric acid (IBA) and its influence on reducing sugar contents and the relationship of root and leaf development of mulberry cuttings, using commercial substrates and sand. The experimental design was a completely randomized design, with 3 replicates per plot and 5 cuttings per replicate, in a 3 × 3 factorial scheme, consisting of...
Early prediction of internal bruising in potatoes by biospeckle laser technique
April 2018
The internal bruising in potatoes is a kind of damage caused by the mechanical impact, which is the major cause of post-harvest losses. This kind of injury is hard to detect because it occurs due to the internal cellular rupture of the tuber. This research aims at evaluating the applicability of the biospeckle laser technique in order to detect and predict the internal bruising in potatoes caused by mechanical impacts...
Agricultural Knowledge and Technology Transfer Systems in the Southern Ethiopia
April 2018
Agriculture is the mainstay of the Ethiopian economy. However, the growth of the sector is constrained by different factors. Low level of technology development, inefficient technology dissemination, low utilization of improved production inputs and shortage of research proven production practices are among the most important factors hindering the growth of the sector. The objective of this study was, therefore, to...
Socio-economic and environmental impacts of invasive plant species in selected districts of Bale Zone, Southeast Ethiopia
April 2018
Understanding the socioeconomic and environmental impacts of invasive plant species from the affected communities’ perspectives is essential to design and plan sustainable control and prevention strategies. Hence, understanding the socio-economic and environmental impacts in the infested and susceptible areas such as Bale zone is very crucial. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess socio-economic...
Physical, chemical, and microbiological evaluation of a compost conditioned with zeolites
April 2018
Zeolites are minerals characterized by high cation exchange capacity (CEC). This study evaluated possible effects of zeolites on improving the composting process in terms of the physical, chemical, and microbiological quality of compost and the productivity of the test plant, Raphanus sativus L. Compost enriched with 1.5% ground zeolites exhibited 62% greater degradation of organic particles sized less than 0.125 mm and...
Plant extracts enhancers of defense response in ponkan mandarin Seedlings against Alternaria alternate f. spp. citri infection
March 2018
The objective of this study was to determine the elicitor potential of plant extracts from Caatinga biome by enzyme activity and epidemiological components of Alternaria brown spot (Alternaria alternate f. spp. citri). These were prepared ethanolic, dichloromethanic, and aqueous extracts from 14 plants (Anadenanthera macrocarpa, Schinopsis brasiliensis, Maytenus rigida, Caesalpinia pyramidalis, C. ferrea, Peltophorum...
Organomineral fertilization in growth, physiology and phytomass production of castor oil plant BRS energia
March 2018
This work aims to study the effect of castor oil plant cake doses (0.0; 1,100; 2,200 and 3,300 Kg ha-1) associated with P doses (0.0 and 90 Kg ha-1) and K doses (0.0 and 60 Kg ha-1) on initial growth period of castor oil plant BRS Energia. The experiment was conducted under greenhouse's conditions at the Embrapa Algodão, located in Brazil. The experimental design of randomized blocks was used in a 4x2x2...
Improving salt tolerance and weight percent reduction in tomato by exploiting physio-agronomic seedling traits
March 2018
Salinity being a serious limitation to crop production is an established fact since ages. It has adversely affected the adaptive behavior of our field crops particularly at seed germination and seedling stages. Identification of particular plant traits conferring salinity tolerance is important for inducing genetic variation among the target traits and adjusting the selection pressure for them in field. This...
Effects of aqueous and oil leaf extracts of Pterocarpus santalinoides on the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais pest of stored maize grains
March 2018
The effects of aqueous and oil leaf extracts of Pterocarpus santalinoides at concentrations of 5, 10, 15 and 20%v/v, each as proctectant in the control of the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais, were compared with a conventional insecticide, pirimiphos-methyl at a rate of 0.5 ml / 50 g maize grains of Oba Super II variety in a Completely Randomized Design with four replicates. Parameters assessed, include adult mortality,...
Effect of seedling fibrous roots on field performance of hybrid coffee varieties
March 2018
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of number of fibrous roots per seedling on plant growth and yield components of hybrid coffee varieties. A split plot experiment in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications was used. The main factor consisted of five varieties (N39-2, N39-3, N39-7, KP423-1 and KP423-2) whereas the sub-factor consisted of four types of roots (seedlings with...
Efficacy of the decoction of cashew leaf (Spondias mombin L.) as a natural antiseptic in dairy goat matrices
March 2018
Microorganisms resistant to conventional antimicrobial substances are becoming more prevalent. Accordingly, natural alternatives have been sought with the use of extracts from medicinal plants whose purpose is to find new compounds with recognized antimicrobial activity. This work aims to show the efficacy of the cajá (Spondias mombin L.) leaf decoction using the microplate dilution technique against...
Allelopathic effects of aqueous extract of leaves and roots of Luetzelburgia auriculata (Allemão) Ducke on seeds germination and initial growth of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)
March 2018
The secondary metabolism of plants produces allelopathic substances which are able to interfere with germination and growth of other species, when released in the environment. In order to evaluate the allelopathic effects of Luetzelburgia auriculata on the germination and early growth of lettuce (Lactuca sativa), leaf extracts and roots were tested in lettuce seeds sowing. The L. auriculata plant material was collected...
Effects of lime and fertilizer on soil properties and maize yields in acid soils of Western Kenya
March 2018
Many soils in Western Kenya are acidic and deficient in nitrogen and phosphorus. Acidity hinders crop responses to fertilizers applied to remedy nutrient deficiencies. The common liming materials used to ameliorate acidity are Calcium Oxide (CaO) and Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) in powdery formulations. Broadcasting these materials by hand followed by incorporation is recommended on smallholder farms to enhance their...
Addressing soil organic carbon issues in smallholders’ farms in Ethiopia: Impact of local land management practices
March 2018
Soil organic carbon plays a key role in plant biomass production. On smallholder farms, crop and livestock are traditionally integrated and support each other. However, due to changes in socio-economic factors, this relationship is lost as resources are mismanaged. The present study was conducted in the Central Ethiopian highlands that represent about 90% of the country’s smallholder farmers. The objective of this...
The effects of intercropping and plant densities on growth and yield of maize (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max) in the humid forest zone of Mount Cameroon
March 2018
A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of intercropping and planting densities on the growth and yield of maize (Zea mays) and soybeans (Glycine max). A 1 ha plot located at the Institute of Agricultural Research for Development (IRAD), Ekona, South West Region of Cameroon was used. There were two blocks: block 1 which was fertilized with 60 kg/ha NPK (20:10:10) and top dressed with urea at 50 kg...
Screening for salinity tolerance of Oryza glaberrima Steud. seedlings
March 2018
Rice (Oryza sativa) is a salt-sensitive species and improvement of salt resistance is a major goal for plant breeders. Some species of Oryza genus may constitute an interesting source of genes involved in stress resistance for cultivated rice improvement. The African rice Oryza glaberrima is poorly described for its response to salt stress. Twenty-five accessions of O. glaberrima were exposed during 2 weeks to 0 or 60...
Incidence and severity of maize streak disease: The influence of tillage, fertilizer application and maize variety
March 2018
Maize streak disease (MSD) is one of the most destructive diseases of maize (Zea mays L.) estimated to cause a yield loss of about 20% in Ghana. Field experiment was conducted at Nkwanta in the Volta Region of Ghana during the cropping seasons of 2015 to assess the effects of tillage practices, fertilizer application and maize variety on the incidence and severity of MSD. The MSD severity was assessed using 1 to 5...
Planting density and number of stems for ecological crop determinate growth tomato
March 2018
Tomato growers adopting an ecologically based system have opted for determinate growth varieties due to their ease of staking and sprouting, and due to the fact that they have a shorter cycle, which reduces phytosanitary problems that usually occur towards the end of the growing season. This study aimed to evaluate yield components and fruit quality of ‘Floradade’ determinate growth tomato in an ecologically...
Determinants of small-scale farmers’ adaptation decision to climate variability and change in the North-West region of Cameroon
March 2018
Small-scale farmers’ adaptation decision in the face of climate variability and change (CVC) depends largely on their ability to perceive the impacts of CVC as well as their degree of vulnerability to these impacts. This research looks at the factors that influence small-scale farmers’ adaptation decision faced with climate variability and change, with particular focus on Mbengwi Central Sub-Division,...
Precocious screening tests of the resistance of two varieties of cocoa seedlings (Theobroma cacao L.) from combinations of fertilizers against Phytophthora megakarya (Brasier and Griffin) in nursery
March 2018
Experiments were conducted to appreciate the resistance level of cocoa seedlings aged three months from combinations of fertilizers against Phytophthora megakarya based on artificial leaf disk inoculation test. The two cocoa varieties involved were: Tafo 79/501 (V1) and SNK 13 (V2). For each variety, 11 treatments with three replicates were used on 33 randomly-selected plants. These include Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi...
Leaf content of macronutrients in Tabebuia aurea seedlings grown on different substrates and luminosities
March 2018
Taking into consideration that species react differently to the substrate and luminance variations, this study aimed to evaluate the leaf content of some macronutrients and dry matter in Tabebuia aurea seedlings through the hypothesis that the growth environment can alter the concentration of chemical elements in the species. The study was conducted in a greenhouse, in randomized blocks, factorial 2 × 3 (two light...
Population fluctuation and infestation of Drosophila suzukii in berry crops in Southern Brazil
March 2018
Drosophila suzukii is an insect pest with high capacity to cause damage to soft-skinned fruit whose behavior on host crops in Brazil is still unknown. This study aims to determine the population fluctuation of D. suzukii on different berry ¬¬¬¬¬¬crops from 2014 to 2017 and infestation. In each orchard, two traps containing attractant (biological yeast + sugar + water) were installed each week;...
Maize ideotype breeding for changing environmental conditions
March 2018
The demand for corn in the developing world will double by the end of 2050. The challenges due to the climate change are real. Where extreme weather events will become more frequent and climate change projections suggest that large yield losses occur in many regions of the world. Corn is cultivated throughout the world and is a strategic crop: can tolerate high radiation intensities and exhibits high efficiency in the...
Genetic divergence in Agave accessions through ISSR markers and phenotypic traits
March 2018
The Agave genus is composed of about 200 species, but the cultivation of sisal for fiber production in Brazil is restricted to two species: Agave sisalana and Agave fourcroydes, both have several accessions with wide variability. The collection of Agave of Embrapa has 37 accessions maintained in situ and periodically evaluated agronomical traits. Most of these accessions have phenotypic similarities, although they...
Effects of lime, vermicompost and chemical P fertilizer on yield of maize in Ebantu District, Western highlands of Ethiopia
March 2018
Integrated use of lime with organic and chemical fertilizers is considered as a good approach for sustainable crop production under acidic soils. Vermicompost (VC) and chemical phosphorus (P) fertilizer when used with lime play a vital role in enhancing productivity of acidic soils. Field experiments were conducted for two consecutive cropping seasons of 2015 and 2016 to evaluate the effects of lime, VC and chemical P...
Efficacy of Xylopia aethiopica ethanolic and aqueous extracts on the control of Sitophilus oryzae in stored rice grain
March 2018
Stored product insects reduced the quantity, quality, nutritive value and viability of stored crops such as maize, sorghum, wheat and rice. These pests and many others threaten food security. The study investigated the efficacy of Xylopia aethiopica in the control of Sitophilus oryzae on stored rice. The extracts of this plant were made using ethanol and aqueous as solvent and prepared at the concentrations of 3, 6, 8...
Diversity of insects in conventional and organic tomato crops (Solanum lycopersicum L., solanaceae)
March 2018
This study aims to compare the diversity and relative abundance of insect families collected in organic and conventional tomato production systems located in Alagoas, Northeast Brazil (09°81'76"S and 36°59'42"W). In this region, the visible spectrum is quite broad with sunlight throughout the year. Between rows of tomato plants, we set up a system of colored traps colored blue, yellow, white,...
Cotton growth in response to water supply in red Latosol cerrado
March 2018
There are few studies that demonstrate the influence of water stress in biometric variables and cotton growth. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate different levels of water supply in the BRS 2 cotton growth, in the field of Campus Rio Verde - GO, in 2015. Experimental design used was randomized blocks, with three replications in a split-plot scheme of 5 x 4 with five water replacements (WR) (25, 50, 75,...
Perceptions and clustering of Greek farmers on the new CAP: Opportunity or threat?
March 2018
This study aims to highlight the problems of the Greek agriculture and to identify the level of information that the farmers have regarding the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). Here, primary data were collected from in-depth interviews (structured questionnaire) with 241 farmers in the region of Thessaly-Greece. The study was conducted in November 2016, within the geographical boundaries of the Region of Thessaly. The...
Phosphorus adsorption and its relationship to the physical and chemical characteristics with different soil classes
March 2018
In order to determine the characteristics of phosphorus adsorption using the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms and its relationship with some of the chemical and physical properties of soils, a study was developed at the Embrapa Soil Laboratory with soil samples (0 - 30 cm) from four classes of topsoil: Orthic Chromic Luvisols, Eutrophic Cambisols, Fluvic Neossol and Eutrophic Cambisols Typical. The hyperbolic model of...
Effect of poultry litter biochar on Ultisol physical properties
March 2018
A study was carried out to investigate the effect of biochar produced from the pyrolysis of poultry litter feedstock in some of the physical properties of a Yellow Red Argisol eutrophic typical (Ultisol), located in the municipality Lagoa Seca, State of Paraiba, Brazil, that is, granulometric analysis, bulk density, porosity and available water capacity. Six doses of biochar (0; 10; 15; 20; 25 and 30 ton ha-1)...
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