Influence of moisture content on some physical properties of pineapple pomace based mash
October 2017
The physical properties of pineapple pomace are important in designing and fabricating equipment and structures for handling, transporting, processing and storage. The study was conducted to investigate some physical properties of pineapple pomace at various moisture levels. The experiment was used to evaluate the physical properties at different pineapple pomace/cassava flour ratio mash (5:1, 6:1 and 7:1) and the...
Development, quality evaluation and estimated contribution of composite flour snack foods to nutrient requirements of young children aged 2 to 6 years
September 2017
Snack food consumption is an avenue for the young children of the world to meet their daily nutrient requirements. In recent times, biscuits and cakes prepared from a cocktail of grain and root crops have gained much popularity due to the versatile nature and nutritional quality of their composite flours. Flour samples prepared from broken rice fractions, soybeans, and orange-fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) were used to...
Sensory analysis of extruded corn-based breakfast cereals with whole peach palm fruit (Bactris gasipaes, kunth) powder
September 2017
This research work aimed to study the sensory characteristics of corn-based breakfast cereal with whole peach palm fruit (Bactris gasipaes, Kunth) powder. Sensory analysis was performed after approval of the local ethics committee (26884014.9.0000.5020) and written consent of the panelists. The samples were offered to 70 untrained panelists in disposable bowls codified with three random digits. The panelists reported...
Evaluation of Impact of some extrusion process variables on chemical, functional and sensory properties of complimentary food from blends of finger millet, soybean and carrot
September 2017
Complimentary food is other food in addition to breast milk. The objective of this work was to evaluate the impact of extrusion cooking screw speed (300, 350 and 400 rpm) and barrel temperature (150, 160, and 170°C) variation on chemical, functional and sensory values of complimentary food made of finger millet in soy bean ratio of 80, 85 and 90% and carrot juice. The incorporation of carrot juice was realized...
A review of main factors affecting palm oil acidity within the smallholder oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) sector in Cameroon
September 2017
Crude palm oil from the mesocarp of Elaeis guineensis Jacq fruits is one of the most consumed vegetable oil in the world. The quality of palm oil assessed mainly by its free fatty acids (FFA) content and impurities, varies between the artisanal and industrial extraction and supply systems. The objective of this paper is to highlight the main parameters that influence the acidity or FFA content of crude palm oil produced...
Process improvement for mechanical extraction of low-viscosity clear banana juice
August 2017
Low-viscosity clear banana juice is traditionally produced using a rudimentary mechanical process of kneading a mixture of ripe high-tannin banana and grass. The aim of this study was to come up with a new efficient and hygienic process that does not require use of grass. According to a new process, peeled ripe high-tannin Pisang Awak banana fingers were mashed in a blender, without addition of grass, until pulp...
Multi-response optimization of the energy value and rheological parameters in the formulation of a complementary infant-gruel flour
August 2017
The objective of this study is to present the formulation of complementary infant-gruel flour by applying the multi-response optimization with responses centered on physico-chemical properties, energy value and rheological parameters. A Scheffé simplex network-derived mixture design was adopted to determine the optimal proportions of malted sorghum, malted sesame and dried banana flours, which were the factors...
Effects of blanching time and dehydration condition on moisture and ascorbic acid retention in tender pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) leaves
August 2017
A study was conducted to assess retention of moisture and ascorbic acid in tender pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) leaves subjected to different blanching times and dehydration conditions. Equal portions of the leaves were blanched at 5, 10 and 15 min. A half of each portion was dehydrated under a shade and the other under direct sunlight. All the samples were then analysed for moisture and ascorbic acid contents in...
Effect of blending ginger starch (Zingiber officinale) on the dynamic rheological, pasting and textural properties of rice flour
August 2017
Rice flour (RF) was blended with ginger starch (GS) (Zingiber officinale) at various concentration levels (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100%) and compared with that of cassava starch (CaS). The dynamic rheological, pasting and textural property effects of these starches on RF were studied. CaS and GS and their blends with RF all exhibited a weak gel behavior as shown by their dynamic moduli (G’ and G”) values. The...
Risk of exposures of pesticide residues from tomato in Tanzania
August 2017
Tomato contributes the highest percent to the fruit and vegetables consumed in Tanzania. Its high consumption is attributed to the presence of bioactive compounds and vitamins known to prevent non-communicable diseases. Pesticides used to control pests and diseases cause direct accumulation of pesticide residues in food. Consumption of pesticide contaminated tomato increases the risk of pesticide exposure. This review...
Effect of Mucuna species (Mucuna pruriens var. pruriens) flour and protein concentrate on quality of beef sausages
July 2017
This study aimed at substituting animal proteins by Mucuna flour and protein concentrate in beef sausage. Mucuna pruriens var pruriens grains were first transformed into flour (500 µm) from which the protein concentrate was obtained. The extraction process was done in an aqueous medium at pH 4.5. Following the characterization of the flour and protein concentrate, 5 sausages samples (3 units per sample) with...
Chemical compositions of traditional alcoholic beverages and consumers’ characteristics, Ethiopia
July 2017
Commercially available home brewed alcoholic beverages of Areki and Tej from Addis Ababa and other regional cities of Ethiopia were analysed for alcohol concentration, methanol level and other additives. Surveys were also carried out on the rate of alcoholism and the socio-demographic characteristics of the consumers. The chemical properties of the sampled beverages showed that home distilled Areki and fermented Tej...
Effect of storage methods on the nutritional qualities of African Catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822)
July 2017
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of storage methods on the nutritional qualities of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus). Fresh fish samples were obtained from Johnybeth Farm, Ilesa, Nigeria. Fish specimens were divided into two equal parts. One part was stored fresh in a freezer at -6°C the other was smoked at 65 ± 5°C until equilibrium moisture content was attained, and was further...
Orange-fleshed sweet potato based complementary food provides sufficient vitamin A for infants aged 6-12 months
July 2017
Vitamin A deficiency is a major public health problem in developing countries, specifically Ghana. The high beta-carotene content of orange-fleshed sweetpotato (OFSP) may help alleviate vitamin A deficiency because beta-carotene is converted to vitamin A when consumed. It is hypothesized that complementary food formulated with OFSP, rice, soybean and cowpea or peanut would contain >50% of the estimated average...
Microbiological performance of Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP)-based food safety management systems: A case of Nile perch processing company
July 2017
This study aimed at giving insight into microbiological safety output of a Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP)-based Food Safety Management System (FSMS) of a Nile perch exporting company by using a combined assessment, FSMS-diagnosis and actual microbiological assessment. The FSMS diagnosis indicated FSMS activities at an average level operating in moderate-risk context level but with good system output....
Nutritional and sensory qualities of commercially and laboratory prepared orange juice
July 2017
Physico-chemical analyses and sensory evaluation were carried out on commercially and freshly prepared orange juice (100%) in the laboratory and its shelf-life after the storage period of 90 days using various storage methods. At the end of the study, the result showed that the laboratory processed orange juice in terms of the nutritional composition when compared with the commercially processed orange juice had a...
Consumer acceptability of modified and traditionally produced amala from fermented orange-fleshed sweet potato
July 2017
Amala is a food made out of sweet potato, yam and/or cassava flour product that is traditionally consumed in Nigeria. The aim of the study was to evaluate the acceptability of amala produced from orange-fleshed sweet potato using traditional and modified methods of fermentation. Consumer acceptability studies provided information on the sensory attributes of traditional and modified amala samples. It was found that the...
Effect of storage on lutein levels of smooth cayenne (Ananas comosus) grown in different counties of Kenya
June 2017
Epidemiological studies have repeatedly shown the apparent association between high fruit intake and lower incidence of chronic degenerative diseases. The chemo protective properties of fruits have been partly attributed to the antioxidants including phenolic compounds and carotenoids. With respect to the latter, no information is available for the smooth cayenne; a common variety of Ananas comosus grown in various...
Nutritional value of a dietary supplement of Moringa oleifera and Pleurotus ostreatus
June 2017
Moringa oleifera and Pleurotus ostreatus are widely used as food or food supplements. They are demonstrated to have many beneficial effects on nutritional status and human health. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the nutritional value of M. oleifera and P. ostreatus mixture in specific proportions. The mushroom species was cultivated at the Mushroom Biotechnology Laboratory and M. oleifera at the botanical...
Bacterial contamination of ready-to-eat meats vended in highway markets in Uganda
June 2017
Ready-to-eat (RTE) meats are products sold to consumers which do not require significant further processing except re-heating or completion of cooking process. These meats may constitute a likely potential hazard to human health due to non-compliance with food safety regulations by food handlers. This study was aimed at evaluating the bacteriological safety of RTE roasted meats sold by selected food vendors in Lukaya...
Evaluation of the storage stability of pineapple products processed by small and medium scale processing enterprises in Rwanda
June 2017
This study aimed at evaluating the effect of storage time on the stability of pineapple products processed by small and medium scale processing enterprises (SMEs) in Rwanda stored at ambient (21 to 25°C) temperatures. Physico-chemical quality characteristics (pH, moisture, fibre, ash, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, sucrose, reducing sugars, total sugars and ethanol) of the sample products were analysed....
Qualitative evaluation and biocompounds present in different parts of camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia) fruit
May 2017
Camu-camu fruits have high functional importance and great potential as food. Knowing and determining the nutrients present in its fruitsis crucial, in order to understand the relationship between consumption and human health. For this reason, the objective of this work was to evaluate qualitative attributes, such as organic acids content, antioxidant capacity and functional potential of different parts of camu-camu...
Quality assessment of oil from Parkia filicoidea (Mkundi) seeds
May 2017
Oil was extracted from Parkia filicoidea seed, an African locust bean seed locally known as Mkundi and its quality was determined in order to unravel its potential as source of edible oils in Malawi. The quality of the oil was determined by analysis of the iodine value, peroxide, saponification value, acid value, impurity percentage, colour and cloud point. The result showed that Mkundi seeds contain about 12.06...
Enrichment of traditional maize snack (Kokoro) with moringa (Moringa oliefera) leaf and soybean
May 2017
Kokoro, a local maize snack was made from white maize (W) flour and supplemented with Moringa oliefera leaf (M) and defatted soybean (S). WMS0 (100:0:0%), WMS1 (90:10:0%), WMS2 (90:0:10%), WMS3 (90:5:5%), WMS4 (90:7.5:2.5%), and WMS5 (90:2.5:7.5%) were carried out in triplicates. Kokoro was produced by deep frying in hot refined vegetable oil. The proximate composition, vitamin content and phytochemicals composition...
Effect of aging on the physico-chemical and functional characteristics of maize (Zea mays L.) flour produced by a Company at Maroua (Far North of Cameroon), during storage
May 2017
The effect of aging on the physicochemical and functional properties of maize (Zea mays L) flour produced in Maroua (Far North-Cameroon) during storage, were investigated using standard analytical methods. The samples underwent natural (37°C) and accelerated (50°C) aging and packed in aluminum sachets. The results show that dry matter, starch and protein varied significantly (p<0.05) with the storage time and...
Fortification of kununzaki drink with cocoa powder
April 2017
The aim of this work is to improve the nutritional properties of kununzaki drink with the addition of cocoa powder and also increasing the utilization of cocoa powder because of its antioxidants activities (anti-ageing). Kununzaki was prepared using sorghum as the base and supplemented with cocoa powder as varied levels. The most preferred sample (80/20%) was chosen following sensory evaluation for further analysis. The...
Traditional butter and ghee production, processing and handling in Ethiopia: A review
April 2017
In this review, traditional methods of processing, handling and indigenous preservation techniques of butter and ghee were assessed. In Ethiopia, butter and ghee processing are the responsibility of women. Traditional butter and ghee making in Ethiopia are based on indigenous knowledge using local materials and methods. Butter is made by churning naturally fermented milk. Butter is a raw material for ghee making....
Fortification of hotcakes from edible flour of non-toxic Mexican Jatropha curcas L.
April 2017
The Jatropha flour is a promising source of protein in the fortification of various foodstuffs made from wheat and corn. The objective was to evaluate the use of non-toxic or edible J. curcas flour at different percentages (5, 10, 15 and 20%) in combination with wheat flour to make hotcakes. Whole and defatted J. curcas flour presented values of moisture between 4.5 and 6.8%, nutritional protein 23.5 and 54.0%, lipids...
Prevention and treatment of different health problems by common people’s diet (Haleem)
April 2017
Malnutrition is the major problem in many countries of the world including Pakistan. Due to inadequate macro and micro nutrients, prevalence of diseases is increasing day by day. Haleem is a common diet that can be used by people of all age group. It is prepared by different methods and consists of Lens culinaris L., Hordeum vulgare L., Phaseolus vulgaris L., Vigna mungo L., Vigna radiate L., Cicer arietinum L., Oryza...
Effect of processing on proximate and mineral composition of black climbing (P. coccineus L.) bean flour
March 2017
The objective of this study was to determine the effect processing on proximate and mineral compositions of raw and processed seeds of black climbing bean “hepho” (Phaseolus coccineus L.). The experiment was conducted on raw, dehulled and undehulled black climbing bean flour. The processing techniques employed were traditional (TC) and pressure cooking (PC), while the raw sample served as control. The...
Antioxidant potential use of bioactive peptides derived from mung bean hydrolysates (Vigna Radiata)
March 2017
The antioxidant activity of bioactive peptides obtained from hydrolyzed mung bean (Vidna radiata) grown in Espinal Tolima was evaluated. Alkaline hydrolysis was performed with 1 N NaOH. Mung bean protein concentrate obtained was 82%. The enzymatic hydrolysis was performed using a randomized block design, with commercial enzymes: Alcalase®, trypsin® and Flavourzyme®. The kinetics of the hydrolysis degree (DH)...
Effect of extraction techniques on the quality of coconut oil
March 2017
Coconut oil (Cocos nucifera L.) has a unique role in the diet as an important physiologically functional food. The health and nutritional benefits that can be derived from consuming coconut oil have been recognized in many parts of the world for centuries. The aim of this study was to compare the quality parameters of coconut oil under different common extraction techniques. Six different techniques of coconut oil...
Factors associated with poor food safety compliance among street food vendors in the Techiman Municipality of Ghana
March 2017
This study assessed various factors associated with poor compliance of street food vendors to safety measures in the Techiman Municipality with emphasis on the World Health Organization’s five keys to safer food policy. Two sets of questionnaires were designed to collect data from 150 respondents (140 food vendors and 10 officials of the Environmental Health and Sanitation Agency) in the Techiman Municipality....
Nutritional, functional and sensory attributes of jam from velvet tamarind pulp
February 2017
Velvet tamarind pulp of Dialium guineense have been used as medicinal remedies, as source of vitamin C and as flavour in snacks and non-alcoholic beverages. The nutritional, functional and sensory attributes of velvet tamarind pulp jam was assessed. Proximate, mineral profiles, beta-carotene, riboflavin, niacin, thiamin, ascorbic acid and phytochemical profiles in jam samples were determined. Sensory evaluation of the...
Oxytetracycline residue levels in beef in Dodoma region, Tanzania
February 2017
Antibiotic residues in food of animal origin pose a threat to both human and animal’s health due to an increasing level of resistant strains of pathogenic bacteria to a wide range of antibiotic drugs. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the levels of oxytetracycline (OTC) residues in raw beef in Dodoma region, Tanzania. The OTC levels were determined by using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry...
Process development, sensory and nutritional evaluation of honey spread enriched with edible insects flour
February 2017
The study was aimed at improving existing methods of processing of, commonly consumed insects in Lango sub region of Northern Uganda to enhance consumption and improve the nutrition of the people. Insects (crickets, soldier and winged termites) flour processed by either pan frying or boiling followed by sun drying was substituted into honey. The resulting spreads were evaluated by fifty panelists to screen for...
Sensory quality of orange-fleshed sweetpotato cultivars as affected by curing and household-level storage methods
January 2017
A 2×2×3 factorial design was used to investigate the effect of two orange-fleshed sweetpotato cultivars, three curing treatments and two homestead storage methods on the general appearance, finger-feel firmness, sweetness and overall acceptability of boiled roots. The cultivars were Apomuden and Nane, and the two homestead storage methods were the sand box and the heap storage. In-ground curing (dehaulming)...
Spontaneously fermented kenyan milk products: A review of the current state and future perspectives
January 2017
Many spontaneously fermented milk products are produced in Kenya, where they are integral to human diet and play a central role in enhancing food security and income generation. Some of these products have demonstrated therapeutic and probiotic effects although recent reports have linked some to death, biotoxin infections, and esophageal cancer. These products are mostly processed from poor quality raw materials under...
Nutritional composition of Meristotheca senegalense (Rhodophyta): A new nutrient source
January 2017
Macroalgae are used in diverse global regions. Meristotheca senegalense J. Feldmann, a macroalga species found in a Senegalese bay, was the subject of this study focusing on the chemical and mineral composition. The present study was done in order to evaluate the potential of this macroalgal resource for biomass development and contribution to the economy in Senegal. The results of this study showed that M. senegalense...
Nutrient composition of cat’s whiskers (Cleome gynandra L.) from different agro ecological zones in Malawi
January 2017
The aim of the present study was to determine the nutrient composition of Cleome gynandra L. Nutrient content determination of C. gynandra was limited in the previous studies done in Malawi. C. gynandra is a readily available vegetable used for relish and medicine. The study was done from February to March 2014. Nutrient analysis was done on C. gynandra. L. leaf samples collected from different agro-ecological zones in...
Evaluation of some nutritional and physicochemical properties of camel meat originating from Chad
December 2016
Camel meat presents high protein content. It is rich in vitamins and low levels of fat, globally comparable and similar to bovine meat. World production of camel meat has been regularly increasing, mainly in the Central African sub-region doubling during the past two decades. The purpose of this study was to investigate and evaluate some physicochemical and nutritional properties of camel meat by gender and age groups....
Starch and modified starch in bread making: A review
December 2016
Starch is an important source of energy in human nutrition. It is also widely used as a processing aid in several food and non-food industries. Starch in wheat flour contributes to the development of optimal bread crumb and crust texture. It is also responsible for physical deterioration of bread quality through staling. Starch is mainly extracted from starch-rich plants such as cereals, root and tuber crops and legume...
Physicochemical and sensory characteristics of pepper oil sauce prepared from perilla oil
December 2016
Pepper oil sauce or ‘rayu’, is one of the most famous traditional condiments in Korea, Japan and China. Generally, it is prepared using edible oil from soybean, corn among others. Since perilla possesses high amount of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, the objective of the present study was to investigate the quality characteristics of pepper oil sauces prepared using perilla oil. The quality...
Evaluation of drying methods on the content of some bio-actives (lycopene, β-carotene and ascorbic acid) of tomato slices
December 2016
Tomato (Solanum lycopersycum L.) is one of the most important vegetables worldwide. As it is a relatively short duration crop and gives a high yield, it is economically attractive. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of drying method on the quality of the dried tomatoes based on three parameters viz; lycopene, ß-carotene and ascorbic acid contents. Thirty-six kilograms of tomatoes were...
Comparative evaluation of mineral compositions of green leafy vegetables consumed in South Eastern Nigeria
December 2016
Ten green leafy vegetables commonly consumed in South East, Nigeria were analysed for mineral composition. The presence of Fe, Cu, Zn, Cr and Mn were analysed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry, Ca and Mg were analysed by the Versenate EDTA complexometric method, K and Na were analysed by Flame Photometery, total nitrogen was analysed by semi-micro Kjeldahl distillation and P was analysed by the Vanado Molybdate...
Indigenous technical knowledge and formulations of thick (ugali) and thin (uji) porridges consumed in Kenya
December 2016
Thick (ugali) and thin (uji) porridges are important sources of nutrients for millions of Kenyans. They are made from unblended or composite flours of cassava and whole milled maize, finger millet or sorghum. Ugali is eaten as a main meal at lunch or dinner whereas uji is taken as a refreshing drink any time of the day. Uji is also an important complementary food for children. In addition, some formulations of ugali and...
Chemical composition, functional and sensory properties of maize-based snack (Elekute) enriched with African oil bean seed (Pentaclethra macrophylla benth)
December 2016
This research work was carried out to evaluate the physicochemical properties of Elekute enriched with African oil bean seed. Elekute (a maize-based snack in West Africa) was substituted with oil bean seed in the ratio 90:10, 80:20, 70:30 and 60:40 with 100% Elekute as control. Results revealed higher protein content with increased substitution (highest was 23.14% in 60:40). Mineral composition as well as the phytic...
Quantification of inositols in Jatropha curcas L. of different provenances from Mexico
November 2016
The plant, jatropha has attracted worldwide attention for its high oil content. The use of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to separate and quantify, for the first time, the phytic acid (inositol hexaphosphate) and lower inositol phosphates (tri-, tetra- and penta-phosphates; IP6, IP5, IP4 and IP3) in toxic and non-toxic (NT) Jatropha curcas seeds from different locations in Mexico was proposed. There are...
Determinants of seasonal food insecurity in the ‘green famine’ belt of Ethiopia: The case of households in Belo-jiganfoy District, Benishangul-gumuz region
November 2016
Despite enormous body of literature on household food insecurity and its determinants in the non-green belt of Ethiopia, such a research is scanty or nonexistent in the ‘green famine’ belt. The objective of this study was to examine factors determining household food insecurity in the ‘green famine’ belt of Ethiopia. Logistic regression model was employed to analyze the data collected...
Vitamin A losses in a commercial food supply chain of fortified vegetable cooking oil and maize flour: A case from Malawi
November 2016
Vitamin A levels were analyzed in fortified vegetable cooking oil and maize flour through a commercial food supply chain, from the production line to selected retail outlets using standard procedures over different times of exposure to sunlight. Samples from the production line acted as controls. In all the cases, vitamin A levels decreased at various stages of the supply chain with the least retention in products sold...
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