A comparative study of the use of radiation, lemon juice, and vinegar for the preparation and preservation of African giant snails (Achatina and Archachatina)
August 2022
African giant snail is a popular alternative source of animal protein in Ghana and many other countries. The meat is high in lean protein and mineral elements. Ready-to-use meat obtained from snails can compete with animal proteins found on the market. After shelling, snails produced some slime that interfered with preparation and processing of the meat. This study aimed to provide consumers with ready-to-use fresh...
Sieving fractionation, phenolics profile and in vivo antioxidant activities of Dichrostachys glomerata Forssk. powder
July 2022
Powder fractions of Dichrostachys glomerata were produced by drying the fruits to 10% moisture, grinding followed by sieving to differentiate powders of sizes <180, 180-212, 212-315 and ≥315 µm, respectively. The obtained powders were analysed for their phenolics profile and in vivo antioxidant activities in rats were evaluated. Lyophilized ethanolic extract and crude powder were used for comparison. The...
Waste-to-wealth; nutritional potential of five selected fruit peels and their health benefits: A review
July 2022
Waste-to-wealth is a notion describing the process of transforming waste, an end product to get rid of, into potential value-added products. The total global food waste is predicted to be approximately one third of the edible parts of food manufactured for human consumption, amounting to about 1 - 3 billion tonnes per year, which is equivalent to the total food production in sub-Saharan Africa; 842 million...
Effect of Citrus aurantifolia juice on bodyweight and haematological indices of wistar rats
June 2022
Citrus aurantifolia (Lime) is a citrus fruit and an excellent source of vitamin C and flavonoids which have unique antioxidant properties. This study determined the effects of C. aurantifolia on the bodyweight and hematological indices of rats. A total of 20 rats of both sex weighing between 120 and 130 g were randomized into 4 groups of five rats each and used. Group A: Normal Control; Group B: 2 ml/kg of C....
Effect of storage period and boiling time of fresh shea nuts on physico-chemical characteristics of kernels and butter
June 2022
Two traditional treatments for shea (Vitellaria paradoxa) butter processing namely storage of fresh nuts and duration of subsequent boiling were studied by using the response surface methodology (RSM) to determine best treatment. Experimental treatments influenced several kernel parameters, such as fat content (38-52% dw), redness (a* values between 6.3 and 11.7), and butter parameters, viz. yield (24 to 36% wet weight...
Knowledge, practices and intention to consume omega 3 and omega 6 fatty acids among pregnant and breastfeeding women in Morogoro Municipality, Tanzania
June 2022
Omega 3 and omega 6 fatty acids are beneficial throughout the human life cycle. With regard to early child development, maternal fatty acid status influence cognitive and psychomotor development of the unborn child. Regardless of their importance in early childhood development they still receive less attention when compared to other nutrients. This paper aimed to assess knowledge, practices and intention to consume...
Optimization of antioxidant activity of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of cashew apple bagasse by mean of experimental design
June 2022
Cashew apple bagasse (CAB) constitutes waste in cashew apple conversion in juice industries. This study focused on modelling an optimal condition of antioxidant activity of CAB, in view of valuing it. The response surface methodology through a Box-Behnken design was used to evaluate the effects of three factors influencing antioxidant component extraction. The factors are ethanol proportion of solvent (X1),...
Nutritional and physicochemical characterization of two products (jams and syrup) made from Antananarivo raketa fruits (Opuntia ficus-indica)
May 2022
The fruits of the prickly pear (raketa), like most fruits, are mainly made up of water, which limits their storage. The transformation of the fruits into jam or syrup allowed a longer preservation. As part of the valorization and conservation of food products in Madagascar, two products (jam and syrup) have been developed from raketa fruits. The present study focused on the nutritional characterization of raketa fruits...
Isolation and characterization of fungal strains from the seeds of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdcourt) produced in Burkina Faso
May 2022
Bambara groundnut is the main food legume after cowpea, especially in rural areas in Burkina Faso. Due to inappropriate production and storage conditions, the seeds are susceptible to contamination by several fungi. Therefore, the present study was conducted to isolate and identify the postharvest fungi associated with Bambara groundnut seeds produced in Burkina Faso. To do this, a total of 99 seed samples were...
Food safety practices of cooked food hawkers in Tharaka Nithi County, Kenya
April 2022
Hawking of cooked foods is an important economic activity, especially for low-income earners. However, the trade raises public health concerns particularly due to the likely breaches of food safety standards. Thus, this study investigated the food safety practices of hawkers of cooked foods in Tharaka Nithi County. A cross-sectional study design was used to collect data from 151 respondents using a questionnaire. The...
Nutrient composition of selected seasonal food delicacies in Malawi
April 2022
Five locally available seasonal delicacies in Malawi were analysed for their nutrient content. The five delicacies included three insect types, one bird and a plant tuber. The proximate analysis using standard methods of analysis showed that Nomadacris septemdasciata (insect) has the highest protein content (69.78±2.0%) followed very closely by Passer difusus (bird) (67.59±1.2%). The protein content of the...
Effects of charcoal kiln and microwave oven drying techniques on the chemical and thermal characteristics of tomato and yam slices
March 2022
Most drying equipment required constant electricity, which is rarely available in Sub-Saharan African countries for local farmers. In order to reduce postharvest loss, it is important to develop and use alternative equipment that is cheap and does not require electricity. The aim of this study was to compare the charcoal kiln oven and microwave oven on the drying characteristics of tomato and yam slices, as well as the...
Nutritional and sensory quality of a sorghum snack supplemented with sesame and baobab fruit powder
March 2022
Sorghum, sesame seeds and baobab fruit are commercially viable, underutilized crops in sub-Saharan Africa with potential for use in development of high-quality value-added products for food and nutritional security. This study evaluated effects of processing methods on the nutritional and sensory attributes of a ready to eat snack bar developed from sorghum supplemented with sesame and baobab fruit pulp powder. The...
Effect of chitosan coatings on quality and shelf-life of chicken and quail eggs
March 2022
In this study, chitosan-coatings were prepared with acetic, lactic, propionic, gallic and caffeic acids and used for coating chicken and quail eggs to understand their effect on the quality and shelf-life of chicken and quail eggs. Shelf-life study of (weight loss, Haugh unit, yolk index, albumen pH, mineral levels and shell breaking strength) the coating formulations were investigated for 4 weeks. All chitosan coated...
Physicochemical and consumer acceptability of different particle-sized cassava strips
March 2022
This study was carried out to study the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of Abacha with different particle sizes. Dried cassava strips (Abacha) were produced in variable length, 2, 2.5 and 5 mm with the average length of 5 cm market size used as control. The proximate, physicochemical, functional and sensory properties were analyzed for various Abacha strips. The proximate composition of the Abacha chips...
Detection of genetically modified organisms in food products commercialized in Mozambique
February 2022
The increasing presence of food and feed products derived from genetically modified organisms (GMO) has led to the development of detection methods that distinguish between foods derived from biotechnology and conventional foods. Many countries have implemented the Regulations for GM products labelling, therefore the need of establish reliable and accurate detection methods for GMO in raw materials and food products....
Improving the nutritional value of conventional food with underutilized leafy vegetables - consumers’ acceptance of combining porridge with cowpea leaf powder
February 2022
Reaching the second UN Sustainable Development Goal requires improving the nutritional value of food products and dietary diversity. Simultaneously, recent research highlights the importance of processing highly nutritious but underutilized African leafy vegetables (ALV) for lowering post-harvest losses and bridging off-season gaps. Combining both goals, it seems promising to utilize neglected ALV for enhancing...
Factors influencing compliance with inspection recommendations in food service establishments: A case study of Mansa Municipality, Zambia
February 2022
Inspection reports reflect daily operations of Food Service Establishments (FSE) with indications on levels of compliance with food safety standards and regulations, thus, making them central to the enforcement processes in food safety control systems. While compliance with food safety standards and regulations in FSEs is often viewed by the number of non-compliances or inspection violations cited during inspections,...
Effect of smoking technologies on nutritional values and concentration levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in smoked fish (Mormyrus caschive and Oreochromis niloticus) of Terekeka, South Sudan
January 2022
Effect of smoking technologies on nutritional quality and concentration levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Mormyrus caschive and Oreochromis niloticus were determined to enable adoption and utilization of suitable facility that maintains good quality for sustainable supply of nutritious fish products in South Sudan. A total of 72 fresh M. caschive and O. niloticus were purchased, of which 24 were iced...
Characterisation and visualisation of foam quality attributes such as foamability, foam stability and foam structure of coffee brews, whole uht milk and coffee-based beverages
January 2022
Consumers value foam as a key quality feature of coffee and coffee-based beverages. However, perceptions of foam quality vary from country to country and even from consumer to consumer. This study provided measurable parameters which can be used to tailor products to consumers’ foam preferences. The analytical techniques described in this study enable the foam of coffee and coffee-milk beverages to be visualized...
Technological advancements in the drying of fruits and vegetables: A review
December 2021
The aim of the review was to look into technological advances and methods for dehydrating fruits and vegetables, as well as the shortcomings of these methods and potential ways to improve them. All fruits and vegetables can be dried in various forms, including cuts, juice, paste, slurry, and even whole, using various dryers. Recent research on drying has focused on improving energy consumption/ efficiency, product...
Evaluation of aflatoxin B1 contamination of peanut butter in The Gambia
December 2021
Aflatoxins are poisonous, mutagenic, and carcinogenic compounds produced by Aspergillus fungi that contaminate various agricultural produce and products including peanut butter. Peanut butter is among the most consumed recipe in The Gambia. Thus, a cross-sectional assessment was conducted to evaluate the levels of aflatoxin contamination in processed peanut butter, sold and consumed locally in the country. In...
Evaluation of rapid beta-lactam antibiotic residues detection kits for raw milk
November 2021
Platform tests are usually simple and rapid quality control tests which serve as a basis for accepting, setting aside or rejecting raw milk. Some of the rapid antibiotic residues test kits available in the Kenyan market include: Delvo test Fast BL, Delvo Sulphadiazine Penicillin No Tablet (SPNT), Mtusbio Beta-lactam BLQ Rapid Test Kit and Ringbio beta-lactam, tetracycline, sulfa drugs, BTS 3 in 1 TriTest S. Ndungu...
A novel platform test to detect beta-lactam residues in raw milk
October 2021
The mastitis causing microorganisms resist beta-lactam antibiotics by releasing beta-lactamase and the enzyme can be traced in raw milk. This study was aimed at developing a novel platform test to detect beta-lactam antibiotics residues in raw milk based on the Hardy Diagnostic Beta-lactamase Test (HDBT) reagent. The HDBT ingredients modified were penicillin, sodium chloride, trisodium citric acid, trisodium phosphate...
Uses and microbiological quality of fresh cow's milk sold in three markets in South Benin
October 2021
The aim of this study was to determine the common uses and evaluate the microbiological safety of raw milk sold in southern Benin. To determine the different uses of raw milk, 345 individuals were surveyed in three locations (Allada, Ouidah, and Zongo). Per location, 115 individuals were randomly sampled. For the microbial analysis, milk samples were collected from the three targeted locality in southern Benin (Allada,...
Encapsulation and gastrointestinal endurance of Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 strain with emulsion polymerization
September 2021
L. reuteri DSM 17938 strain was encapsulated using emulsion polymerization technique with alginate and fructooligosaccharide at five different concentrations between 0 and 1.5%. This study aimed to improve the gastrointestinal system (GIS) viability of L. reuteri. Encapsulation yield was calculated and found to be between 98.67 and 86.88%, and SEM imaging was performed for beads, and their sizes were found to range from...
Evaluation of chemical composition of Dacryodes edulis (african pear) seed oil at different stages of fruit maturation
September 2021
Nutritional and industrial processes have increased the demand for oils and this in turn has led to the search for oils from different types of seeds for possible development and use. It is in this vein that the fruit pulp of Dacryodes edulis was extracted with n-hexane (soxhlet extraction at 65°C). The proximate composition, antinutrient and mineral content of freshly harvested D. edulis fruit pulp from 4 weeks...
Evaluation of the microbiological and physico-chemical characteristics of local tomato ‘Solanum lycopersicum’ puree produced on a small scale in Togo
August 2021
Tomatoes are produced, processed and widely consumed by the Togolese population. However, the local production is not developed enough to be able to provide locally processed tomatoes. In order to promote local development, stimulate local processing and reduce post-harvest losses, the processing into puree was undertaken with three locally grown varieties of tomatoes in Togo (Aklikonvi, Tohounvi, and Pomvi). A method...
Physico-chemical properties of kernel from coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) varieties grown at the Kenyan Coast
August 2021
The coconut tree (Cocos nucifera) is widely referred as the “tree of life” for its important role in the livelihoods of 10 million persons from over 90 countries globally. In Kenya, the coconut sub-sector is valued at KES 25 billion, yet only 65% is utilised, which is partly contributed by insufficient knowledge of the coconut’s physico-chemical features and investment in the sector. Physico-chemical...
Profiling of processors for baked and fried wheat based products in Nairobi Kenya
July 2021
This study aimed at profiling bakers and fryers of wheat products in Nairobi to inform decisions leading towards incorporation of Orange Fleshed Sweet Potato (OFSP) puree in these products. An exhaustive sampling was carried out and 748 processors were interviewed in Nairobi County. The results indicate that even though there were more female processors than men, this difference was not significant (p>0.05). Majority...
Studies on some physico-chemical and engineering properties of Musa spp (ABB) starch flour
July 2021
This study investigated some physiochemical and engineering properties of Musa spp (ABB) starch flour using standard procedures with a view to providing data that will aid in process design, control and bulk handling of Musa spp (ABB) starch flour. Loose and packed bulk densities, the least gelation concentration, density ratio and porosity ranged between 0.47 to 0.70 g/mL, 0.60 to 0.95 g/mL, 8 to 16% (w/v), 74.25 to...
Effects of freezing as a post-harvest storage technique on quality of Friesian crossbred cattle milk
July 2021
Twenty-five raw milk samples from Friesian crossbred dairy cows were analyzed for milk fat, protein and lactose using an ultrasonic milk analyzer. The samples were then subjected to two different freezing protocols; single freezing and multiple freezing, after which parameters were reanalyzed after freezing and thawing at different freezing times (24, 48, and 72 h). Paired t-test was used to compare the effect of...
Effects of processing on nutrient composition in guava- and jackfruit-based snacks
June 2021
Guava and jackfruit are popular fruits in East Africa. With consideration of the high post-harvest losses of these two fruits and only seasonal availability, this study aimed to produce nutrient rich fruit-based snacks to decrease this problem and make use of surplus fruits during on-season. Given the nutritional situation in East Africa, these products were also developed to have a high content of desired nutrients....
Improving shelf life of nectarine fruit (Prunus persica) by beeswax coating and cold storage application
June 2021
This study was carried out to determine the effect of beeswax coating and cold storage condition on the shelf life of nectarine fruit. A total of 240 nectarine fruits were collected and divided into six treatments, each with 40 fruits. The treatments consisted of coated fruits stored at 6°C (T1), coated fruits stored at 1°C (T2), coated fruits stored at ambient temperature (T3), uncoated fruits stored at...
Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of lactic acid bacteria isolated from spontaneously fermented vegetable amaranth
June 2021
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, catalase-negative cocci or rod-shaped bacteria that produce lactic acid as a major fermentation product. They are also involved in the production of fermented foods. They have applications in industry and human health, such as food preservation and probiotics. The aim of this research was to isolate, characterize, and classify indigenous lactic acid...
Meat quality status and postharvest handling practices along the meat value chain in Kenya
June 2021
In Kenya, meat value chain (MVC) is an important component of the food supply chain serving as a source of nutrients and income. However, information regarding processing practices, hygiene and equipment use as affecting meat quality still remains unclear despite its relevance for data and for assessment for development of meat quality in the meat trade. Therefore, a cross sectional survey of selected slaughterhouses...
Nutrient and mineral components of wild edible mushrooms from the Kilum-Ijim forest, Cameroon
April 2021
Kilum-Ijim forest is a montane forest in the North West Region of Cameroon. Wild edible mushrooms are mostly consumed by the communities of Kilum-Ijim as substitute of meat to obtain protein, hence the need to evaluate the nutrient and mineral components of the species consumed in these communities. The most eight preferred wild mushroom species from ethnomycological studies are: Polyporus tenuiculus, Termitomyces...
Harvesting, postharvest handling, hygiene knowledge and practices of guava fruit farmers: A comparative study of two counties of Kenya
April 2021
The guava (Psidium guajava) grows on farms or in the bush in many parts of Kenya, including Kitui and Taita Taveta, and remains virtually unattended. Guava fruit value chain is commercially disorganized and standard postharvest handling and storage procedures are not practiced as there is no bulk handling. This study evaluated the harvesting and postharvest handling practices of the guava fruit in two counties of...
Marketing potential of improved dried sardine (Sardinella gibossa) and capelin (Mallotus villosus) in the Southern Kenyan coast
April 2021
Traditional dried small fish are an important source of protein for low income people in many developing countries. The aim of this study was to determine marketing potential of improved dried sardine and capelin as new products in markets accustomed to traditional dried small fish. One hundred and twenty participants were recruited among shoppers at supermarkets and open-air markets in Kenya. Each participant received...
Effect of harvest age of cassava roots and sweet potato tubers on alcohol yield
April 2021
Several studies have been conducted in the past using cassava and sweet potato as feedstock to optimise the yield of alcohol. Harvest age of cassava and sweet potato may have some effects on the fermentable carbohydrates quantity. This study aims to establish the best harvest age of cassava and sweet potato for alcohol production. Two varieties of cassava (Sika bankye and Ampong) cultivated and harvested at 8, 10 and 12...
Bio-based packaging used in food processing: A critical review
April 2021
Food packaging plays an important role in ensuring the global quality of the food consumed by people. Technological progress has been achieved in recent years in the food packaging sector, leading to a great diversity of food packaging, including bio-based packaging. This review highlights the different types of biodegradable polymers that are used for food packaging production, their characteristics and effects on food...
Evaluation of cooking time and organoleptic traits of improved Dolichos (Lablab purpureus (L.) sweet) genotypes
April 2021
In Lablab bean, cooking time and organoleptic qualities are major factors that influence its adoption and consumption. Its production in Kenya has been constrained by low yielding varieties, pests, poor agronomy and varieties with non-preferred taste and flavor. This study was initiated to evaluate cooking time and organoleptic traits of six Dolichos genotypes, (G2, B1, M5, LG1, W7 and G2), that had been bred at the...
Quality assessment of Ugali blended with orange-fleshed sweet potato to alleviate vitamin A deficiency in Tanzania
April 2021
Approximately 38% of Tanzanian children have vitamin A deficiency (VAD), and the majority of them do not have access to vitamin A-fortified foods. Orange-fleshed sweet potato (OFSP), a new crop in Tanzania, is rich in β-carotene, and could be a cheaper solution for VAD. The objectives of this study were to develop a type of Ugali (stiff maize porridge) fortified with OFSP, to correlate its β-carotene content...
Contribution of fish in improving micronutrients content in complementary foods for children aged 6 to 23 months in Lindi Rural District
April 2021
Lindi region has high stunting prevalence of about 35%, and one of the factors that cause stunting is inadequate intake of micronutrients for children under 2 years old. This study aimed at assessing contribution of fish in improving micronutrients, specifically vitamin A, zinc and iron contents in complementary foods for children aged 6 to 23 months old children in Lindi Rural District. A cross-sectional study was...
Application of wedge fracture test for texture analysis in boiled sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas)
April 2021
Several instrumental texture analysis methods have been developed for use in sweetpotato. However, there are very few reports on the use of the wedge fracture test. The purpose of the study was to develop a texture analysis method using a wedge fracture and evaluate its performance against compression test in assessing sweetpotato varieties with different cooking times. The optimal cooking time (OCT) of five sweetpotato...
Effect of flour types and flour concentrations on the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of an indigenous senescent plantain cake (ofam)
April 2021
Ofam is a Ghanaian indigenous cakelike product made mainly from senescent plantain and local flours from cereal, grain and/or tuber sources. The effect of three flour types (steeped corn flour (SCF), roasted corn flour (RCF) and kokonte flour (KF)) and flour concentrations (20, 17.5, 15, 12.5 and 10%) on the physicochemical characteristics and sensory acceptability ofam was investigated. Parameters such as moisture, pH,...
Handling practices and microbiological quality of kayabo - salted sun-dried nileperch Lates niloticus from Lake Victoria, Tanzania
March 2021
This study assessed handling practices and microbiological contamination of salted sun-dried Nile Perch, Lates niloticus, commonly known as Kayabo in Tanzania. The processors of Kayabo were small-scale processors located at Kanyama and Mwaloni, Mwanza. Mixed methods (observations, face-to-face interviews, and microbiological sampling) were used to assess handling practices of processors and...
Quality and sensory properties of instant fried noodles made with soybean and carrot pomace flour
March 2021
Wheat flour commonly used in making noodles is rich in starch but poor in protein and fiber. Wheat flour substituted with soybean and carrot pomace flours were used to produce instant fried noodles. Soybean is high in protein while carrot pomace is rich in dietary fiber. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of substituting wheat flour with soybean and carrot pomace flour on the physicochemical, cooking and...
Inactivation of microbes by ozone in the food industry: A review
March 2021
Ozone is active against a broad spectrum of microorganisms. Ozone treatment can enhance safety and increase shelf life with limited impact on product quality. Ozone is known to be one of the strongest oxidizers that can have applications in foods. In the gaseous state, ozone is denser than air, colorless at lower concentrations and possesses a distinct odor. Ozone can be generated using a few methods, by photochemical...
Assessment of phytochemical and mineral composition of unripe and ripe plantain (Musa paradisiaca) peels
March 2021
Plantain (Musa paradisiaca) fruit constitutes a staple food widely consumed predominantly in Africa. The peel, a major by-product, of plantain fruit is largely viewed to be of little or no significance and consequently discarded, thereby constituting a threat to the environment. It is on account of the foregoing that this study was designed to investigate the phytochemical and mineral components of both the unripe and...
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