Genesis of bureaucratic power and its prospects of decline in India: A case study of Jammu and Kashmir
January 2014
Bureaucratic power is a fact of life in the present political and administrative processes throughout the world. It is inherent in all administrative systems and so is the case in the state of Jammu and Kashmir, India. Bureaucracy in J&K emerged as an offshoot of the British Colonial rule in India. The rule ended but the legacy still persists. Over-bureaucracy in the system led to the undue increase in the...
The quest for gender equality and women’s empowerment in least developed countries: Policy and strategy implications for achieving millennium development goals in Ethiopia
December 2013
This paper critically reviewed the gender equality and women’s empowerment endeavors in least developed countries (LDCs) and proposed policy and strategy measures for achieving millennium development goals (MDGs) in Ethiopia. Ethiopian women are economically, socially, culturally and politically disadvantaged in the enjoyment of equal rights, in accessing opportunities, decision-making processes, and basic...
Revisiting Gamo: Linguists’ classification versus self identification of the community
December 2013
This study attempts to contribute to our knowledge about Gamo, a member of the North Ometo subgroup, which is one of the four subgroups that constitute the Ometo group of the Omotic language family (Fleming, 1976; Bender, 2000). This paper characterizes some of the issues in the research of language and identity. It will attempt to employ the complementary perspectives of sameness and difference between Gamo, its...
An appraisal of gender mainstreaming in census of India 2011
December 2013
Population census is a total process of collecting, compiling, evaluating, analyzing and publishing demographic, economic and social data pertaining, at a specified time, to all persons in a country or in a well defined part of a country drawing valid conclusions in situations of uncertainty and variability. Usually in the context of prevailing gender discrimination like issues, the figures revealed by means of census...
Landownership- the path towards rural women empowerment: A case from Southern Ethiopia
December 2013
Ethiopia has revised its radical land reform of 1975 via land proclamations. Although the status quo of state ownership of land has been maintained, there is progress in terms of gender. This study is conducted to examine the impact of the land tenure reforms on women empowerment in land management decisions at household level using survey data collected from 394 wives and female head of a family in 2007/08. The results...
Why American boys join street gangs
December 2013
It is well known that street gangs flourish in low-income African-American ghettos and Mexican barrios. There have been a moderate number of studies surrounding the reasons why youth join gangs. However, few have emphasized the life path of gang members beginning from age 7 years through adolescence and what Erickson (1950) identified as industry versus inferiority and identity versus role confusion stages of...
LIKODA LI-MBOG [Native horizons: Authority relations and the management of crises among the Basaa people of South-western Cameroon]
December 2013
The title of this paper is rightly “Likoda Li-Mbog.” It is a summary of a finished Ph. D. thesis in Systems Analysis. In the thesis, we examine the events of power and authority relations and the various ways in which they articulate an underlying epistemology and world-view. Specifically, the problem area relates to aspects of social control which arise from the grip of a world-view on a people’s...
Analysis of rural literacy as a panacea for socio-economy development of Nigeria
December 2013
Literacy is useful at the individual level in inculcating humanistic etiquettes and manners. The human benefits from literature are related to factors such as the improved self-esteem, empowerment, creativity and critical reflection that participation in adult literacy programmes and the practice of literacy may produce. Benefits human derive from literacy apart from ability to read and write or numerate include...
Opening the black box of socialization: Emotions, practices and (biographical) identities
December 2013
This article aims to improve both theoretically and empirically our understanding of the socialization process, a key topic in Social Sciences, but currently subject to scarce research. Firstly, the concept of socialization is discussed, drawing upon major sociological and anthropological traditions, contributions from emerging research streams, as well as relevant findings from Educational Sciences, Psychology and...
Youths’ unemployment and crime in Nigeria: A nexus and implications for national development
December 2013
Crime is a phenomenon that is bedeviling various countries across the globe in varying degrees as it affects policies and development. Any nation striving towards development must reduce the frequency of crime to the barest minimum. In recent years in Nigeria, there has been an upsurge in the frequency of crime committed. This has led to palpable fear among the populace as security of lives and properties can no longer...
Prevalence of Food Insecurity and Inadequate Dietary Pattern Among Households with and without Children in Imo State Nigeria.
December 2013
The purpose of this study was to determine the dietary patterns and prevalence of food insecurity among households in Imo State Nigeria. A total of 411 head of households were selected as a convenience sample and interviewed using a questionnaire containing the Radimer/Cornell hunger and food insecurity items, food frequency table, demographics, residence, education level, and marital status. Pearson...
Determining the genetic classification of Ganta within the Ometo group
December 2013
Numerous speech varieties exist in the Southwest part of Ethiopia. In most cases, membership of the speech varieties to the different linguistic genetic groups is blurred. The situation with Ganta is one such a case. There was no study done so far on Ganta except an MA thesis that deals with a brief description of the language prepared under the supervision of the author. However, there is a tendency among scholars as...
Russian transnational entrepreneurs in Toronto: How the global capitalist economy influenced entrepreneurship
November 2013
One of the most interesting results of the collapse of the former Soviet Union is the emergence of successful cosmopolitan entrepreneurs from former Soviet Republics who have immigrated to countries, such as the United States and Canada, settling in metropolitan areas like Toronto and making millions establishing businesses in their new host countries. The author has chosen to study successful cosmopolitan...
Water spirits and the conservation of the natural environment: A case study from Zimbabwe
November 2013
Currently in Zimbabwe, there is serious environmental degradation. This work advocates that the traditional and modern approaches to natural environmental conservation could be integrated into a new conservation paradigm. Such integration would help restore to the Zimbabwean psyche a reverence for water spirits and a respect for the sacredness of the natural environment. The research finding shows that there...
A study of the underlying determinants of return migration of international return migrants to the Berekum Municipality, Ghana
November 2013
Different migration theories generate competing hypotheses regarding the underlying determinants of return migration. To unravel some of these claims, data from a survey involving 120 return migrants in the Berekum Municipality, Ghana were used to assess the underlying determinants for the return migration of Ghanaian migrants. The study adopted a quantitative approach to research involving simple random...
Assessing the extent of HIV/AIDS education and prevention among secondary school students in Oredo, Benin City, Nigeria
November 2013
Research has been carried out on the prevention of HIV/AIDS and is still on all over the world both in the developed and developing countries because of the morbidity and drain caused by the disease in the economy as well as the continuous increase in the downward trend of the age range of the young ones who engage in sexual activities. With an assessment of the extent of knowledge, findings from the survey...
The travails and challenges of a post-military state on Nigerian youth
October 2013
Nigeria attained its political independence in 1960 amidst hope and optimism that, the attainment of the political independence from the British would bring about good governance, engender the rule of law and allow for popular government through violent-free election and also unfettered rooms for economic growth and sustainable human development. Few years later, the hope of a young and dynamic Nigerian state...
Indigenous and popular Islamic therapies of restoring health and countering sorcery among the Digo of Kenya
October 2013
Among the Digo of Kenya the belief and fear of sorcery is most prevalent that many things are explained in relation with it. Over the years, major sorcery-detection and eradication ‘crusades’ conducted by individuals alleging to be endowed with supernatural powers to detect and neutralize purported sorcerers have been witnessed among the Digo. During the eradication ‘crusades’ a...
Prehistoric sorcerers and postmodern furries: Anthropological point of view
October 2013
This paper provides an analysis of prehistoric art documenting the genesis of human creativity. The Upper Paleolithic saw creative rise of material technology as well as artistic creativity as documented by a wide range of artefacts. These artefacts probably depict prehistoric figures of sorcerers (shamans) who masked themselves as animals for their rites. At the same time these images can be interpreted as...
Appraisal system: A tool for performance in selected organizations in Nigeria
October 2013
The empirical survey focuses on the use of performance appraisal (PA) in most organisations in Nigeria. The study actually exposes the way and manner performance appraisal is done in most organisations in Nigeria which is characterized with bias. The study findings showed that employees have good knowledge of PA but their attitude towards it is not positive because of the way it is done. Also, the effects of...
Impact of old age allowance among rural aged: An empirical investigation
October 2013
Evidences of the recognition of the elderly rights at the state level are found in the constitution of Bangladesh. However, the aged people are facing various unexpected sufferings, which are caused by poverty and health related complications. Considering the pitiful financial conditions of aged, the Government of Bangladesh launched a Social Safety Net Program (SSNP) namely Old Age Allowance Program (OAAP)...
Climate change vulnerability and adaptability in an urban context: A case study of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
September 2013
This paper explores the nature of vulnerability to climate change and examines the adaptation strategies of the residents of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Data were collected through qualitative interviews to understand the perceptions and coping mechanisms of households and then contextualized within the existing local, national and international research. The findings reveal positive adaptations to climate change in some...
Social and economic inequality in Sindh - A factorial analysis approach
September 2013
The significance of social and economic inequality becomes more prominent due to the lack of regional planning, a phenomenon present in third world countries, where good governance is a rare administrative reality. Coupled with this is the lacuna of administrative coordination, which exacerbates the inequality scenario. The paper highlights the significant factors responsible for social and economic...
Beyond Generational Representation of Children of Female Sex Workers (FSWs) in sex trade (a syigmatized hidden profession): A desparate self strategy of FSWs
September 2013
Prostitution, a stigmatized profession is historically present in all societies in various forms. Women of different social strata, especially from lower social strata have taken this profession due to extreme poverty and other societal disturbances. Women operate flesh trade in many forms – brothel based sex workers, call girls, escorts and street sex worker, etc. But brothel based sex workers operate...
Cultural pluralism, reconstructive education and nation building in Nigeria
August 2013
This paper examines cultural pluralism, reconstructive education and nation building in Nigeria. The objective is to present the Nigeria case where cultural diversity and differences play major role in the life of the people. Thus, the paper highlights the Nigeria Federation as being hobbled by centrifugal tendencies and activities based on her ethnic grouping and consciousness. In this direction, it provides...
Change in behavior pattern of Indian married women
August 2013
In Indian context marriage is a relation between man and woman to have legitimate sex and also to have legitimate children but above these factors it is a strong bonding to take care, to give support and to contribute in the success of each other. It is true that marriage has its impact on both men and women. In India the impact of marriage on women is more as compare to men because Indian women has to leave...
Socio-demographic profile of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Idoma land, Benue state, North-central Nigeria: Implications for HIV/AIDS control
August 2013
The profile of PLWHA constitutes a subject of interest in HIV/AIDS control initiatives. This study investigated the socio-demographic attributes of PLWHA in Idoma land, Benue State [Nigeria], with a view to suggesting customized measures for HIV/AIDS control. A total of 133 PLWHA and 25 relatives of PLWHA selected from two HIV/AIDS treatment centres provided the data through a survey questionnaire. Health...
Teaching undergraduate social anthropology: Approaches and options
August 2013
This is a critical view of the situation of the teaching of undergraduate social Anthropology in Cameroon. In this short paper we give a brief statement of what Anthropology is about, the broad traditions in the discipline, the relevance of Social Anthropology as a social science discipline, how the discipline at the undergraduate level is taught in some of the universities of Cameroon, and probable options...
Eve teasing as a form of violence against women: A case study of District Srinagar, Kashmir
August 2013
Eve teasing is a ridiculous form of enjoyment for men and a physical as well as mental torment for women. This is one of the daily problems women in Indian society face. Of all the forms that violence against women can assume, eve teasing is the most ubiquitous and insidious because it is considered normal behaviour and not an assault to females. This paper provides an analysis of the magnitude of eve teasing...
Interethnic relations among students of Jimma University, Oromiya, Ethiopia
August 2013
This study examines the nature of interethnic relations among students of Jimma University, Oromiya state, Ethiopia. It finds that the interethnic relation portrays both tension and agreement. More or less the relationships among students take ethnic lines. That is the relations are guided by nationalism and ´´Ethiopian Identity´. These two notions are a detour between students who strongly believe in...
Social Engagement: The viewpoint of relational sociology
July 2013
Modernity understood ‘engagement’ in individual or collective terms. Weber and Marx offered the best-known and exemplary paradigms. Since then, a great deal of sociologists have tried to combine them and have seen engagement as a co-determination between agency and social structure. Everybody knows that engagement entails acting in and with social relations, but...
Bridging the disciplinary divide between history and sociology in studying social change in Swaziland
July 2013
Historians and sociologists have consistently demonstrated a concern about the nature and dynamics of social change in society. However, despite their shared interest in documenting and elucidating the dynamics of change, disciplinary compartmentalization (especially in African academic institutions) has stifled the development of interdisciplinary research and theoretical debates in sociology and history....
Our jobs, our survival: A review of the national employment policy of Ghana
July 2013
This study undertook a sociological review of the National Employment Policy of Ghana. Using Seers’ and Todaro’s conceptual models of development, the study employed secondary sources of data to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the employment policy. The study found out that the policy has acknowledged the role of infrastructure, macro economic growth, and institutional collaboration, as...
The theory of banking: Why banks exist and why we fear them
July 2013
Banks are generally considered by most people to be utilities that allow the transmission of value on a daily basis in modern society, but they also seem to create devastating events like credit crises by the manufacture of credit. How this power originated in human society is of interest. Most animals produce some degree of savings, either in caching from one season to the next or for later in...
Techniques for improving private sector participation in the funding of educational institutions in Delta State, Nigeria
July 2013
The paper has made a critical examination of the private sector participation in the funding of educational institutions in Delta state. Three research questions were raised and two null hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. An instrument was constructed and designated as “Private Sector Participation in Funding Secondary Schools” (PSPFSS). The instrument was validated in its...
Negotiating empowerment: Women and identity in Nigeria
April 2013
This paper focuses on Women’s empowerment within the context of identity mobilization in Africa using as case study the leading Muslim women’s association in Nigeria, Federation of Muslim Women Association of Nigeria (FOMWAN). It argues that Muslim women have been able to create an opening for themselves within the structure of Islam in Nigeria in recent times through the use of the discourse of...
The nature of economic institution in In-land fishing communities of the Lower Volta
April 2013
The economic institution and other social institutions such as polity (governance), beliefs or religion, education, family (marriage) influence individuals and the community at large. Their characteristics, preferences and attitudes also maintain or support social relationship, focusing on mechanisms to accommodate strains within relationships (negatively or positively). The study looks at the ability of...
Effective awareness generation methods for rural sanitation campaign: A study from a village in Haryana
April 2013
For quite a long time planners have been engaged in making villages clean and hygienic with all the facilities of health and hygiene. Efforts in this direction have helped to achieve most of the targets but with very little satisfaction and accomplishment. The reason for this may be the lack of acknowledgment of the importance of various social indicators like gender and education in devising any awareness...
Role of Devadasi brothel madams in the promotion of safe sex practices among sex workers in the brothels of Maharashtra, India
March 2013
In this paper we examined the role of Devadasi brothel madams in promoting safe sex practices among sex workers. Qualitative, in-depth interviews were conducted with twelve brothel madams as a follow-up of a larger cohort study that aimed to understand the patterns and determinants of sex workers migration from northern Karnataka to southern Maharashtra, in India. Our research identified that madams...
How do you acculturate when neighbors are throwing rocks in your window? Preserving the contexts of Somali refugee housing issues in policy
March 2013
Appropriate housing for refugees in Western countries is a major contributor to successful resettlement. Agencies responsible for refugee resettlement often find themselves contemplating whether to 1) house refugees close to each other (example, ‘ethnic enclaves’) or 2) disperse refugees to facilitate acculturation. We describe our community-based participatory research including in-depth...
Towards a transformative reconstruction of gender: A critical review of women in the international space
March 2013
This is a phenomenological, philosophical and positional paper that seeks to provide a transformative view of gender, with a particular focus on the role that women play in the international space. The author illuminates the role of women since their documentation was left out in the past due to their already existing position of being socially and educationally disadvantaged. The author argues that the role...
Bridge between absorbing and absorbed: Ethiopian mediators in the Israeli Public Service
January 2013
This article examines the nature of the work of traditional mediators (Shmaglotz) of immigrants from Ethiopia in Israel, within the framework of municipal mediation centres. These centres are managed by welfare divisions in collaboration with the police and additional public bodies. The findings indicate that the collaboration between the shmaglotz and the professionals serves the absorbers as well as the...
Environmental education for public awareness: The role of educational administrators and planners
January 2013
The paper argues that the unique position of the educational system as the initiator and executor of educational policies has made it compelling for educational administrators and planners to champion the effective implementation of environmental education as a strategy for improving public awareness, environmental quality and hopefully propel sustainable development in Nigeria. The objectives of this paper...
Are minor forest products truly ‘minor’ in forest fringe social life?
January 2013
A number of forest communities have been living in forest fringe areas of the south-western part of the state of West Bengal, India for centuries. From this dry-deciduous Sal(Shorea robusta) forest area, forest villagers collect forest products for their daily household needs as well as they also sell a proportion of products at the local market. In socio-cultural life of these forest communities, the...
Violence and women participation in politics: A case study of Ekiti State, Nigeria
January 2013
Violence, as an issue, against the participation of women in politics is a recurring decimal in human politicking. Many societies have employed violence as a way of discouraging women’s participation in politics without condemning it. This is due to the fact that women are perceived not to be a force to reckon with in politics, especially in Nigeria. This paper, therefore, examines the role of violence...
Atypical adolescent sexual behaviour: A study of involvement in triolism and same gender sex in Lagos, Nigeria
December 2012
A very wide range of sexual practices are available to adolescents. The options range from the socially approved act of absolute sexual chastity to uncommon ones such as group sex and same-gender sex. Many studies in the area of sexuality in Nigeria proceed from the premise that adolescent sexual behaviour hardly ever goes beyond premarital heterosexual intercourse whether it is voluntary, forced or transactional....
A discussion of the social environmental state of law: The cooperation between state and collectiveness
December 2012
This article intends to examine the formation process of the social environmental state of law, recognized as a necessity for the modern society. The proposal builds on the understanding that, in order to promote the environmental protection, the state of law had established some legal instruments. In fact, one of the main tools used was the constitutional order for the cooperation between the civil society...
Gender and labour force inequality in small-scale gold mining in Ghana
December 2012
Gender inequality is an inevitable concomitant of the innate poverty in humanity, a situation to which the Ghanaian society is no exception. This paper explores the underlying elements of gender inequality pertinent to women in the small-scale gold mining sector in Ghana drawing inference from a case study of the Tarkwa-Nsuaem municipal assembly area in the western Region. The contribution of women to the...
Methodological pathways to kinship networks and international return migration
December 2012
Although international migration has received significant attention in the literature, this is usually in respect of development and remittances. Methodological issues on the subject are very scarce more so relative to the interface of kinship and international return migration. Yet methodological issues remain crucial to useful understanding of the processes and dynamics of the problem. This...
Toward an agenda for placing migrant hometown associations (HTAs) in migration policy-making discourse in Ghana
November 2012
Migrant hometown associations (HTAs) are arguably the most recognizable migrant institutions in migration destination countries. As institutions for the welfare of migrants and for the development of migrant home and destination countries, migrant HTAs have engaged the attention of migration scholars for a number of reasons. Their activities straddle across different spheres of endeavours, including...
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