Journal of
AIDS and HIV Research

  • Abbreviation: J. AIDS HIV Res.
  • Language: English
  • ISSN: 2141-2359
  • DOI: 10.5897/JAHR
  • Start Year: 2009
  • Published Articles: 294

JAHR Articles

Lysine and threonine plasma concentrations in Ivorian patients living with human immunodeficiency virus

September 2017

Côte d'Ivoire is one of the most affected countries in West Africa with HIV/AIDS, with a prevalence of 3.4%. Essential amino acids are needed by the organism as they play key roles in the immune system and they are supplied through diet. The objective of this study was to determine the plasma lysine and threonine status for better medical and nutritional management of patients living with HIV. This study...

Author(s): Lydie Boyvin, Kipré Laurent Séri, Jeanne Armande Aké, and Joseph Allico Djaman

Determinant of mortality in HIV infected people on antiretroviral therapy in Southwest Ethiopia

September 2017

The introduction of antiretroviral drug has considerably reformed the course of HIV/AIDS from life threatening epidemic to a chronic manageable health problem. Mortality and morbidity associated with HIV/AIDS are changing. The main aim of this study was to assess the potential determinant of death among people infected with HIV and initiated anti-retroviral therapy (ART). A general retrospective cohort method was used...

Author(s): Bedilu Girma Weji

An assessment of awareness level and sources of information on HIV/AIDS among market women in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria

September 2017

In Nigeria, the HIV sero- prevalence is steadily decreasing. It is presently put at 1.9 % among pregnant women. This implies that about 2 out of every 100 women of reproductive age have chance of getting infected with HIV. Market women are at risk and good target groups to enhance information dissemination to their children as well as neighbors. The objective of this study was to determine the level of awareness and...

Author(s): Ayinde Olubunmi, and Usman Aishat,

Water handling and low cost treatment practice of peoples living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Arba Minch Town, Southern Ethiopia, 2016

August 2017

Worldwide, 780 million people do not have access to improved drinking water supplies and 88% of deaths from diarrheal diseases are attributable to unsafe water, inadequate sanitation, and insufficient hygiene. Access to safe water and practice of low cost home based treatments are generally at lower level in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to assess the water...

Author(s): Gebrekiros Gebremichael, Desta Haftu, Desalegn Ajema and Genet Gedamu

The effects of in utero exposure to antiretroviral therapy (ART) on the language abilities of HIV exposed uninfected infants

August 2017

This study investigates the possible effects of in-utero antiretroviral therapy (ART) exposure on early language development in HIV exposed uninfected infants. 27 mother-infant pairs consented to the study. Early language development was assessed using the Rossetti Infant Toddler Language Scale. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the caregiver and infant characteristics, as well as the language and...

Author(s): Tarryn Stevens, Sheree Schwartz, Anniah Mupawose, Sharon Moonsamy and Vivian Black  

Childbearing intentions among sexually active HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected female adolescents in South Africa

July 2017

Women of reproductive age account for nearly half of all HIV-infected people worldwide. Childbearing intention among HIV-infected women is complicated by social and reproductive concerns related to their HIV status. We conducted a cross-sectional study of HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected sexually active South African women aged 17 to 21 in order to compare their childbearing intentions and to identify predictors of the...

Author(s): David H. Adler, Beau Abar, Thola Bennie, Rokhsanna Sadeghi and Linda-Gail Bekker

The role of IgG, IgA and IgM as immunological markers of HIV/AIDS progression

July 2017

Patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection exhibit a generalized, non-HIV-specific polyclonal B-cell activation resulting in hypergammaglobulinemia of all immunoglobulin isotypes as well as increased production of HIV-specific IgG and IgM. These immunoglobulins have the potential to be used as markers for monitoring the progression of HIV infection. With the inherent challenges of cost and convenience in...

Author(s): Onifade, A. A., Ojerinde, A. O., Emeka, G. J., Agbedana and Oluogun, W. A.

Determinants of perceived stigmatizing and discriminating attitudes towards people living with HIV/AIDS among women of reproductive age in Nigeria

June 2017

Human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndromes (HIV/AIDS)-related stigmatization and discrimination have been acknowledged as an impediment to mitigating the HIV epidemic and little is known about its contributory factors in Nigeria. Therefore, this study investigated factors associated with HIV/AIDS perceived stigmatization and discrimination among women of reproductive age in Nigeria. This was a...

Author(s): Motunrayo A. Shodimu, Oyindamola B. Yusuf, Joshua O. Akinyemi, Adeniyi F. Fagbamigbe,  Elijah A. Bamgboye, Evelyn Ngige, Kawu Issa, Emmanuel Abatta, Onoride Ezire, Perpertual Amida and Adebobola Bashorun

Towards a model for inputs evaluation for workplace HIV/AIDS IEC programme based on process evaluation theoretical framework

June 2017

The need for an appropriate evaluation model with respect to workplace HIV/AIDS information, education and communication (IEC) programme implementation necessitated this study. The study adopted the documentary research method. The documents review relied to a large extent on documents from the ILO, the Botswana governments’ National Strategic Framework on HIV/AIDS and the Botswana Revised National policy on HIV...

Author(s): Umunnakwe, Anselm. C. R, Grand, Balulwami, Moahi Kgomotso and Umunnakwe Gertrude C.

Human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis B virus (HIV/HBV) co-infection in people living with HIV/AIDs identified in Yaoundé Central Hospital, Cameroon: Seroprevalence and impact on the disease progression

June 2017

Co-infection with HIV and hepatitis B virus (HBV) has become an important factor of co-morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of HIV/HBV co-infection and its effect on the disease progression in people living with HIV/AIDS identified in Yaoundé Central Hospital. Blood samples from 75 HIV positive patients were collected in Yaoundé Central Hospital from November...

Author(s): Djuidje Ngounoue Marceline, Ambassa Axel Cyriaque, Guiateu Tamo Ida Marlene and Moundipa Fewou Paul

Human immunodeficiency virus testing and counseling trends analysis, Midlands Province, Zimbabwe: A secondary data analysis

May 2017

HIV testing and counseling (HTC) indicators are captured for programming, decision making and program monitoring and evaluation. A preliminary review of Midlands province HTC data showed that a small proportion of men and children were being tested for HIV. The secondary HTC data to determine trends to inform programming was therefore analyzed. A descriptive study using secondary HTC data was carried out. Microsoft...

Author(s): Annamercy Makoni, Notion Gombe, Tsitsi Juru, More Mungati, Donewell Bangure, Gerald Shambira, Milton Chemhuru and Mufuta Tshimanga

Immunological and clinical assessment of adult HIV patients following switch to second-line antiretroviral regimen in a large HIV Program in North-central Nigeria

May 2017

Antiretroviral (ART) regimen switch is a common occurrence in resource-limited settings where patients present late for care or with an AIDS-defining event. ART regimen switch can be attributed to several factors emanating from either the individual, program or facility level. This retrospective study was carried out in a resource-limited comprehensive facility in North-central Nigeria. Treatment records of 4,206 Adult...

Author(s): Stephen Boerwhoen Dapiap, Babatunde Adeshina Adelekan, Nicaise Ndembi, Fati Murtala-Ibrahim, Patrick Sunday Dakum and Ahmad Tijjani Aliyu

Knowledge, attitude, practice and associated factors of voluntary counseling and testing for HIV/AIDS among Wolkite university students in Ethiopia

May 2017

Voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) for HIV is essential and critical way for prevention, care and treatment of HIV. It allows early detection of illness, reducing transmission, morbidity and mortality from it. But youth knowledge and attitude towards HIV testing services is not universal. The aim of this study was to assess knowledge, attitude, practice and factors associated with VCT for HIV among University...

Author(s): Abdu O. Abdu, Teshome G., Dereje M. Melese, Girma A., Daniel K. and Agizie A.

Predictors on mortality of human immunodeficiency virus infected children after initiation of antiretroviral treatment in Wolaita zone health facilities, Ethiopia: Retrospective cohort study

April 2017

Worldwide Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency syndromes (HIV/AIDS) have created an enormous challenge on the survival of infected patients. Identifying baseline factors that predict morbidity could allow their possible modification in order to improve pediatric HIV care. Retrospective cohort study was conducted in 228 HIV infected children starting antiretroviral treatment at Wolaita zone selected...

Author(s): Shimelash Bitew, Alemayehu Mekonen and Meselech Assegid

Efficacy of amaranth grain consumption on CD4 count and morbidity patterns among adults living with HIV in Nyeri, Kenya

April 2017

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is associated with increased nutrient needs and compromised body immunity. Minimal information exists on effect of food-based interventions on health status of people living with HIV (PLHIV) and not on antiretroviral therapy (ART). This study investigated the efficacy of amaranth grain (Amaranthus cruentus) consumption on CD4 count and morbidity patterns among PLHIV. A one group...

Author(s): Ndungu, Z. W., Kuria, E. N., Gikonyo, N. K. and Mbithe, D. K.

Level of micronutrient supplements uptake among people living with HIV/AIDS in Kayole, Nairobi County, Kenya

April 2017

Micronutrients reduce morbidity and slow the rate of disease progression and thus, micronutrient supplementation in HIV is recommended. This study established the level of uptake of micronutrient supplements among people living with HIV in Kayole, Nairobi County. A cross-sectional analytical design was adopted on a comprehensive sample of 153 adults living with HIV, enrolled at Comprehensive Care Centre in Kayole Health...

Author(s): Peter Maina Chege and Olive Gaceri Muthamia

Factors affecting adherence to antiretroviral treatment among patients living with HIV/AIDS, in Bale zone, south eastern Ethiopia

March 2017

Adherence to antiretroviral therapy is of critical importance because even minor deviations from the prescribed regimen can result in viral resistance. Multiple factors influence adherence among people living with human immune virus. But at present little is known about the patient’s experience and adherence when taking such complex regimens. The major aim of the study was to assess factors associated with...

Author(s): Muktar Beshir and Adamu Tesfaye

Cross border migration enhancing reproductive vulnerability of the left behind women and their coping mechanism through self help groups: A study of Bangladesh

March 2017

This study analyzes the range of vulnerabilities among the left behind women (LBW) and their coping strategies primarily focusing on Self Help Groups (SHGs). The basic data used in this paper were collected as part of the Mid Term Review of a cross country intervention on Enhancing Mobile Populations’ Access to HIV&AIDS Services, Information and Support (EMPHASIS) in South Asia in 2012. The reproductive...

Author(s): S. K. Singh and A. Siddhanta

Determinant factors of HIV positive status disclosure among adults in Axum Health Facilities, Northern Ethiopia: Implication on treatment adherence

March 2017

Disclosure of HIV positive status to sexual partners, friends or relatives is crucial for HIV prevention and care implementation strategies. Hence, it is important to explore factors determining individuals to disclose their HIV positive status in order to achieve a goal of zero new HIV infection. Facility based mixed cross-sectional study was conducted from July to August, 2013 among 361 HIV positive adults attending...

Author(s): Haileselasie Berhane Alema, Kebede Haile Misgina and Meresa Gebremedhin Weldu

Factors associated with HIV testing among female sex workers in Botswana

February 2017

Botswana continues to have a high level of HIV prevalence, with about 17% of the population living with HIV AIDS (BAIS IV, 2013). Female sex workers are classified among the most at risk population group in the country. However, sub-national disaggregated data on new infections are not available. Hence, there is a need to focus great attention on other proxies of infection. The present study examines predictors of HIV...

Author(s): Keamogetse Setlhare and Gorata Duduzile Manyeagae

Assessment of the workplace programme for HIV/AIDS in the tourism industry sector of Namibia

February 2017

The aim of this paper was to assess the Work Place Programme (WPP) for HIV/AIDS in Namibia. The methodological framework consisted of the following stages: (i) defining the target population, (ii) clustering the producers, (iii) applying the selection criteria and (iv) applying the eligibility criteria. Data analysis involved descriptive and inferential statistical procedures, as well as the triangulation of data. The...

Author(s): Teweldemedhin, M. Y. , Swartz, J., Kavita, E. and Siebert, A.

Evaluation of the frequency of use of herbal drugs with concomitant administration of highly active antiretroviral therapy and its effect on medication adherence in two health care facilities in south western Nigeria

January 2017

The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of the concomitant use of herbal medicine and anti-retroviral drugs in people living with HIV/AIDs and to evaluate the reasons given by the patients for concomitant administration of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) with herbal drugs in order to establish a possible link between the use of herbal medicines and adherence. A cross sectional study design was...

Author(s): Ilomuanya Margaret O, Okubanjo Omotunde O, Azubuike Chukwuemeka, Oguntibeju Adeyemi, Ajiboye Dolapo and Maduka Chima

A study on HIV knowledge and preventive behavioral practices among FSW’S in Mumbai

January 2017

The prevalence of HIV among female sex workers (FSW) in India is highest in the state of Maharashtra (7.4%). Mumbai, the capital city of Maharashtra, with a large sex industry mainly consisting of brothels, lags behind in the overall average decline in HIV seen in this state over the last decade. Condoms are now widely used by sex workers through the pro-active role of Mumbai District AIDS Control Society (MDACS) and...

Author(s): Adithyan G. S., Bal Rakshase and Anna Mia Ekström,

Evaluating an enhanced adherence intervention among HIV positive adolescents failing atazanavir/ritonavir-based second line antiretroviral treatment at a public health clinic

January 2017

Sustaining virological suppression among HIV-infected adolescents is challenging. We evaluated a home-based adherence intervention and characterized self-reported adherence, virological response and drug resistance among adolescents failing atazanavir/ritonavir (ATV/r)-based 2nd line treatment. Methods: HIV-positive adolescents (10-18 years) on ATV/r-based 2nd line treatment with virological failure (viral load (VL)...

Author(s): Tariro Dianah Chawana, David Katzenstein, Kusum Nathoo, Bernard Ngara and Charles Fungai Brian Nhachi

Mass incarceration, residential segregation and racial disparities in HIV

December 2016

Using a “mass incarceration” framework and county-level national data, this paper examines the relationship between incarceration, ex-offender reentry locations, and HIV rates in counties with different racial compositions. A series of “race-of-county” stratified regression models estimate HIV prevalence rates with incarceration and ex-offender reentry locations when taking into consideration...

Author(s): Loren Henderson

Healthcare providers’ (HCPs) attitude towards older adults with HIV and AIDS in Botswana

November 2016

This study obtained the views of a random sample of 164 healthcare practitioners on their attitudes to older adults with HIV and AIDS. It shows that although the knowledge of protective measures to avoid HIV infection, mode of transmission and stigmatization are high among the healthcare providers (HCPs), yet the majority of them (76.2% of medical officers, 80.4% of nurses and 93.3% of others) are aware of...

Author(s): Njoku Ola Ama, Sheila Shaibu and Denise Burnette

Cytomegalovirus retinitis in HIV patients attending Eye/Uveitis clinic in Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra -Ghana

October 2016

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis is an ocular manifestation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection especially in individual with low CD4 cells count. In Ghana, a country where CMV infection is hyperendemic, there is no data of CMV retinitis among HIV positive persons. This work was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of CMV retinitis among HIV positive persons attending eye clinic in Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital....

Author(s): Ibrahim J., Innocent A., Orish V. N., Stephene A., Gladys F., Makafiu S., Aba Kwashie K., Sagoe K. W. C, Amegan-Aho K. and Adiku K. T.

Effect of the “rebirth to seven wonders” powder supplement for nutritional management in HIV-infected subjects on antiretroviral therapy

October 2016

The rebirth to seven wonders (R7M) powder supplement was used for nutritional management of HIV-infected patients. The powder is a multipurpose powder used as a food supplement in human foods because of its nutritional qualities. It has many uses such as in the fight against malnutrition in Côte d’Ivoire because of its nutritional qualities. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of...

Author(s): Anin Atchibri L., Ahouéfa Nina-Laurette, Jean Jacques D. and Serge Kouyo

Evaluation of prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV in a tertiary health institution in south-eastern Nigeria

September 2016

Mother-to-child transmission is the highest mode of acquisition of HIV infection in children, with a 15-45% risk of an infant acquiring HIV from an infected mother without any medical intervention. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the implementation of prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) guidelines and determine its clinical outcome in a PEPFAR Clinic in Nigeria from 2008 to 2012. A...

Author(s): Isah AbdulMuminu, Igboeli Nneka Uchenna, Adibe, Maxwell Ogochukwu and Ukwe Chinwe Victoria

Evaluation of HIV post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) in a tertiary health institution in south-eastern Nigeria

September 2016

This study aimed to evaluate the implementation of HIV post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) guidelines and determine its clinical outcome in a PEPFAR (APIN-CDC) Clinic in south-eastern Nigeria from 2008 to 2012. It was a retrospective review of data of patients who accessed HIV PEP services from the clinic. Data on demographic and clinical characteristics of patients were retrieved from the database of the clinic and...

Author(s): Isah AbdulMuminu, Igboeli Nneka Uchenna, Adibe Maxwell Ogochukwu and Ukwe Chinwe Victoria

Outcome of infants born to HIV-positive women through the aspects of prevention of mother to child transmission in Lomé (Togo, West Africa) from 2008 to 2010

August 2016

Human immunodeficiency virus/Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) infection in children under 15 years is mostly due to mother to child transmission. The purpose of this study was to assess the outcome of infants born to HIV-positive women through the prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) aspects at Sylvanus Olympio’s Teaching Hospital of Lomé. This retrospective study of 24 months...

Author(s): Amah Biova Adama-Hondegla, Améyo Djeha, Koko Lawson-Evi and Dzayissè Yawo Atakouma

Disclosure of HIV diagnosis to infected children receiving care in University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, Uyo, Nigeria

August 2016

Disclosure of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diagnosis to infected children is still a challenge despite proven evidences that it has numerous social and medical benefits for the child and family.  The aim of this study was to document the disclosure rate of HIV diagnosis to children in Uyo, Nigeria and determine the factors influencing disclosure or non-disclosure to these children. This was a descriptive...

Author(s): Enobong Emmanuel Ikpeme and Ofonime Tony Dixon-Umo

Assessment of factors associated with infant and young child feeding practices of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive mothers in selected hospitals of Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region (SNNPR) Ethiopia

July 2016

Mother-to-child transmission is the largest source of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in children. About one third of children are believed to be infected vertically through breast-feeding. Infant feeding in the context of HIV is complex. HIV positive women are confused about feeding methods and mixed feeding continued to be widespread. However, there are few studies on the practice of HIV positive mothers...

Author(s): Astewaya Mengstie, Tirhas Tadese and BogaleTessema

Barriers to the practice of exclusive breastfeeding among HIV-positive mothers in sub-Saharan Africa: A scoping review of counselling, socioeconomic and cultural factors

July 2016

The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends exclusive breast-feeding (EBF) for HIV exposed infants for six months; this is considered best practice for reducing mother-to-child transmission of HIV in the postpartum period. This is a scoping review of the barriers affecting women's decision-making and choice to sustain the practice of EBF in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). An online literature search via PubMed, Science...

Author(s): Maryam Al-Mujtaba, Nadia A. Sam-Agudu, and Rose Khatri

Risk factors of suicidality among HIV positive subjects in a treatment centre, Kaduna Metropolis, Nigeria

July 2016

Suicide behaviour complicates human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Some of the risk factors attributed to this behavior include stigmatization, depression, cultural beliefs, deterioration in physical condition and overwhelming infections. The aim of this paper is to identify the risk factors of suicidal behaviour among HIV respondents in an antiretroviral treatment centre in...

Author(s): Aremu S. B., Nuhu F. T. and Ajayi O.

Pattern of home-based care in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients attending adult antiretroviral therapy clinic of Jos University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria: A review from September, 2008 to December, 2013

June 2016

Home based care (HBC) is a key component of care and support for people infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).  Understanding the pattern of HBC needs in a population is beneficial in planning and providing optimal HBC services for the people. This retrospective study assessed the pattern of home based care needs and services in patients of the adult antiretroviral therapy (ART) clinic of Jos University...

Author(s): Halima M. Sule, Patricia A. Agaba, Lisa L. Patrick and Asabe A. Mshelia

Endemic analysis of HIV/AIDS transmission in the presence of antiretroviral therapy

June 2016

This paper presents a dynamical model that studies the effect of anti-retroviral therapy on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) transmission. Basic qualitative properties of the model are derived. The model is shown not to exhibit backward bifurcation and thus, disease eradication is possible when the basic reproduction number is less than unity. A critical level of...

Author(s): Baba Seidu, Mohammed I. Daabo, Christopher S. Bornaa

Comparing the glucose metabolism derangement in human immunodeficiency virus infection patients on antiretroviral treatment with drug naïve patients at Lagos State University Teaching Hospital

May 2016

People living with HIV and AIDS are exposed to the challenges of aging and diet related diseases due to prolonged survival by retroviral drugs. The presence of chronic inflammatory state and the metabolic effects of antiretroviral therapy are additional burden. This study was designed to determine the changes in glucose metabolism in HIV infection. This was a case-control study carried out at the adult HIV clinic....

Author(s): Basil, C. B., Dosunmu, A. O. and Olatunji-Bello, I. I.

Societal awareness of stigma and discrimination against persons living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) (PLHIV): Experience of clinicians, PLHIV, general population, and persons who are vulnerable to HIV

May 2016

The objective of this study was to explore societal awareness of stigma and discrimination against persons living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) (PLHIV) through the experience of clinicians, PLHIV, the general population and persons who are vulnerable to HIV. This was a cross-sectional survey which used questionnaires to collect data during May to July, 2013. The sampling unit was eight target provinces of the...

Author(s): Bang-on Thepthien and Supattra Srivanichakorn

Measurement scales for AIDS-related knowledge and stigma in South Africa: An evaluation using item response theory

April 2016

AIDS-related knowledge and stigma are key issues in combatting the HIV/AIDS pandemic, primarily because of their relationship with HIV/AIDS testing behavior. Previous studies exploring these issues in southern Africa have employed the 11-item AIDS-related knowledge scale and the 9-item stigma scale, but there has been limited psychometric testing of these scales.  Using Item Response Theory (IRT), the two scales...

Author(s): Rajen Govender, Paul Bowen and Peter Edwards

A benchmark qualitative study of health service delivery in Botswana in 1989: Nurse assessments of the primary healthcare system before the nationwide spread of HIV/AIDS

February 2016

An evaluation of the "watershed" Meharry-Botswana nurses training program in 1989 (Linn and Fako, 1990) confirmed that the maternal, child health, and family planning nursing practices taught by the multi-year education intervention in the 1970s had been widely disseminated and adopted. Based on a national sample of over 350 practicing nurses, this was strong evidence of the high clinical capacity of the...

Author(s): James G. Linn, Debra Rose Wilson and Thabo T. Fako

Human immunodeficiency virus in patients with sickle cell anaemia in Jos: The role of blood transfusion

January 2016

Blood transfusion is an important therapeutic intervention in sickle cell anaemia (SCA). Persons with SCA requiring repeated blood transfusions are at risk of contracting transfusion transmissible infections (TTIs) such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Blood meant for transfusion is usually screened for TTIs to ascertain its safety before transfusion. The study investigated the role of blood transfusion in the...

Author(s): Ochaka Julie Egesie, Obadiah Dapus Damulak, Ezra Danjuma Jatau, Ayuba Zakari, Oyekemi Akinola, Olusegun Adeyemi, Emmanuel, A. Ako, Chinedu Okeke, Umezuruike Gideon Egesie and Joseph Andowase Orkuma

Nutritional assessment of children orphaned from human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS), and implementing a food based intervention to improve their nutritional status in Bauchi metropolis, Nigeria

October 2015

The adverse effects of the human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) pandemic are felt most severely in some of the world’s poorest countries in sub-Saharan Africa which has led to an upsurge in the number of orphaned children. This study assessed the nutritional status of 196 children, 0 to 17 years orphaned from HIV/AIDS living in Bauchi metropolis, using...

Author(s): Lucy Chioma Ifitezue and Mercy Eloho Sosanya

Determinants of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in Nigeria: A synthesis of the literature

October 2015

Nigeria has an estimated 3.5 million human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive individuals, ranking third worldwide. This study analyzes the determinants of HIV infection to enable improvements in HIV programming in Nigeria and other developing countries. The methodology used is a literature review of grey and electronic databases of reviewed journals, analyzed in terms of an adapted version of Dahlgren and...

Author(s): Olatunji Joshua Awoleye and Chris Thron

Community home based care for people living with HIV: an overview of client needs, actors and services provided in Ethiopia

September 2015

In Ethiopia, it was shown that funding levels are far from compatible to the needs for care and support services for people living with human immuno-deficiency virus (PLHIV) and orphaned and vulnerable children (OVC). The aim in this study is to map the relationship between client needs, actors, care and support services provided for PLHIV and OVC in Ethiopia. A case study of the Ethiopian community care program was...

Author(s): Mirkuzie Woldie, Morankar Sudhakar and Garumma Tolu Feyissa

Knowledge of effect of exercise on HIV infected persons among physiotherapy students in Nigeria

September 2015

Despite the recognition and knowledge of the beneficial effects of exercise on persons living with HIV and AIDS in the developed world, there is global paucity of published studies on knowledge of effect of exercise on HIV infected persons. This study was therefore designed to determine whether physiotherapy students in Nigeria have the basic knowledge on the effect of exercise on HIV infected persons. Simple random...

Author(s): Maduagwu, S. M., Sokunbi G. O., Jaiyeola, O. A., Shuaibu, I., Maduagwu, B. C. and Ojiakor, A. C.

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in human immunodeficiency virus seropositive subject’s co-infected with mycobacterium tuberculosis

September 2015

Diabetes mellitus (DM), mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are important health issues. A bi-directional association between them has been demonstrated by many researchers. The link of DM and TB/HIV is more prominent in developing countries where TB and HIV are endemic and the burden of diabetes mellitus is increasing. A total of 845 subjects were recruited for this study. Fasting...

Author(s): Ogbonnaya Anwara, Manafa Patrick, Chucks Edeogu, Okeke Kelechi, Alo Moses and Godwin Oka

Gingival status: An indicator of disease progression and its correlation with the immunologic profile in HIV-infected children on antiretroviral therapy

August 2015

To determine the gingival health of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected children and how it correlates to CD4 percentages in vertically infected children with HIV undergoing combination antiretroviral therapy. Two hundred and fifteen HIV positive children on antiretroviral therapy, of both sexes from seven to fifteen years old were evaluated for their gingival status using the Gingival Index. Children were...

Author(s): Beena, J. P.

The association of layered stigma and sympathy toward persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Puerto Rico

August 2015

To assess the levels of sympathy expressed toward various persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) associated with different target groups and to identify the factors associated with sympathy expressed toward various types of PLWHA. Data were collected from 832 HIV-negative female residents of public housing in Ponce, Puerto Rico. Less sympathy was expressed toward drug-using PLWHA when compared to normative contracted...

Author(s): Lisa R. Norman

Human papillomavirus infections in HIV: A review

August 2015

The interaction between human papilloma virus (HPV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), both sexually transmitted infections appears to be related to the alteration in cell-mediated immunity in HIV infected persons. Linkage studies of HIV/AIDs and cancer registries have indicated a 2 to 22 fold increase in cervical cancer in HIV positive women compared to HIV negative women. Data on the prevalence of HPV types in...

Author(s): Rajesh Gupta,  Preety Gupta and Shivani Gupta

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