Thinking initiation for leadership roles in Africa
September 2022
The agonizing condition of most African States has generated debates in contemporary times on a continent caught in the web of deepening predicaments. From severe economic, social and political instability to poor and bad leadership, Africa is perpetually and increasingly looking for the miracle model of salvation from her predicaments. Western-borrowed paradigms fail to work in Africa as a result of what Ali Mazrui...
The school and contemporary education in Nigeria: Lessons from John Dewey
July 2022
Education and development are dialectically intertwined, but the current approach to education in Nigeria does not really portray this dialectics. Education tends to be tailored towards paper certification. This has fostered a wrong epistemology where people see schooling as an adventure to be given degrees. This mainly theoretical research faults the Nigerian educational process and radically exposes the gulf between...
Traditional authority, nation-building and decentralization in African States: A change in perspective
May 2022
African states are generally inhabited by peoples of diverse historical, linguistic, cultural and religious backgrounds. This feature of diversity in African states, arguably, poses a challenge in creating social cohesion for such multinational and postcolonial contexts. African states such as Ghana have endeavored to redress this problem by pursuing nation-building through decentralization of the authority of central...
Neonaticide: A philosophical review of the killing of neonate twins in Things Fall Apart
March 2022
Neonaticide in Things Fall Apart (TFA) had relative stands, mostly intentional yet mostly unwilful. In the shame of committing neonaticide, blame and responsibility is not easily placed between the earth goddess and the parents of the neonate twins. To uphold the common weal of the community, twins born in Umuofia and the other eight Igbo villages were to be destroyed according to the divine command. The interest of...
African philosophy: A nebulous label for demeaning indigenous philosophies of people of Africa
January 2022
The dark complexioned African academics have written profusely about ‘African philosophy’ and are consequently causing some confusion in the philosophic realm. A continental tag implies homogeneity of the people on the continent which is not the case. Embracing a nebulous term, ‘African philosophy’ has a semblance of emotional reactivity. The dark complexioned African academics while in European...
The African state today and the democracy ideal: A case for a critical return
October 2021
Undoubtedly, many modern nation-states seek to achieve a better form of democratic governance. The African nation-state is not an exception. However, the attempt by African nation-states to achieve the ideal form of democratic governance has been especially problematic. The real problem, as we see it, is that because of the forces of colonization and neo-colonization, Africa especially has scarcely had the opportunity...
Of races: From social constructionism to biological realism
October 2021
Racial constructionists tend to make three claims about race: (1) races have their origin as social constructs-that races arise at a particular time in history; (2) races were either created with the purpose or have had the effect of creating hierarchies of power that require treating socially constructed groups in distinct ways; and (3) biological racial realism is false. These claims amount to the larger claim that...
Reintegrating released and rehabilitated offenders: A case of Windhoek Correctional Facility on Khomas Region, Namibia
September 2021
National correctional services such as life and social skills aims to rehabilitate and integrate offenders into the communities where they came from with a purpose of balancing societies and enabling offenders to overcome economic, social and personal challenges that may come their way. Such programs have a great impact on society because education thereof denotes change. This study examines the experiences of...
Traditional oath-taking as a panacea to ‘democratic corruption’ in Nigeria
September 2021
No society can survive outside its culture and tradition. The preponderance reality of this claim reveals the need and essence of cultural values and traditions in advancing the course of a nation. Therefore, this paper interrogates the possibility of approving traditional oath-taking with particular reference to Yoruba as a panacea to ‘democratic corruption’ in the Nigeria political space. This necessitates...
Safuu: The indigenous Oromo moral thought
April 2021
Human beings have diligently attempted to answer the question of “how one ought to live” since their existence as a social being. Every society and every individual has attempted to answer the question in accordance with their own particular problem and social structures. Different attempts have been made, and different moral systems have been developed by Western philosophers, among which consequentialism...
A map of the World: Cognitive injustice and the Other
November 2020
This paper employs critical geography to advance a fresh philosophical orientation of cognitive injustice and Otherness. Operating under the assumption that modern cartography is entangled with power, knowledge and politics, this study examines how maps construct and sustain the identity of the social, cultural and political Other. Synthesizing Boaventura de Sousa Santos’ work on abyssal thinking and ideologies of...
Socio-cultural perspectives on death announcements in Ghanaian newspapers: Some sociolinguistic evidence
February 2020
Death announcements are presumed to provide a socio-cultural icon for examining the society’s collective attitude towards death and dying. The present study attempts to investigate the death announcement genre in Ghana from a sociolinguistic viewpoint in order to highlight the underpinning sociocultural perspectives. To accomplish this task, the study deployed both qualitative and quantitative content analysis of...
Tabooing insults: Why the ambivalence?
February 2020
This paper examines insults, both verbal and non-verbal, on the premise that societies the world over have adopted an ambivalent attitude towards the creation and use of insult. The ambivalence argument is grounded in the sheer preponderance of both institutionalised and informal usages of verbal and non-verbal insults, through the arts mainly, as well as the tabooing regimes of insults in the same societies. The paper...
A Yorùbá reflection on the theodicy embedded in Prince’s “Sign O’ The Timesâ€: Implications for scholarship on African Theology
July 2019
Given the array of tracks inspired by various realities during Prince Roger Nelson’s (popularly known as Prince) career, this study engages the philosophical problem of evil as well as the implied justification that Africans had no idea of the divine as embedded in his “Sign O’ the Times.” In this track, Prince reflects over some of the horrendous evils in the world. However, his evangelizing of...
African systems of thought: Whether they fit scientific knowledge
May 2019
This paper aims to show that in Africa there are thought systems that can have equivalent value with the scientific practices in the Western paradigmal system though it is not itself paradigmal. The Western thought system by its nature is exclusive for other traditions of scientific practice by its claim that science is deeply rational, universal and methodological. African scientific practices actually lack this method...
Can there be an African logic?
May 2019
Since the myriads of questions and keen debates concerning the existence or otherwise of African philosophy have been defused and now become obsolete, some thinkers are poised to argue for contextual or African peculiar perspective of the various branches of philosophy, including logic. The preoccupation in this study is to make an inquiry into whether logic is culture bound or contextualizable, and, by extension,...
Corporate social responsibility: An old wine in a new gourd
March 2019
A corporation’s moral obligation is said to be sustained by two viewpoints: the narrow and broad views. The narrow view restrains a corporation’s moral obligation to the corporation’s owners and shareholders while the broad view, which is often deployed to support Corporate Social Responsibility initiatives, extends the corporation’s moral obligation towards others beyond the confines of the...
The feasibility of self-reliancism as a foundation for democracy
December 2018
In popular discourse, democracy often centres on concepts such as liberty, equality, consent, choice, rule of law, participation, accountability, transparency, etc. This popular rendition, more often than not, excludes the notion of self-reliancism. This study argues that the exclusion of this notion weakens the etymological foundation of democracy as government by the people and undermines the development of an...
Seeing Foucault’s theory through African lenses: The discourse on sex, gender and power
December 2018
The paradigm of male domination exemplified by the social relations between the sexes is structured in a way that men dominate and women submit. As such, these socio cultural relations presuppose a dyadic conception of domination in which women are subject to men. If men are domineering and women are docile, then it is contradictory to say women have power. However, in line with Foucault’s idea on...
Moderate communitarianism is different: A Response to J. O. Famakinwa and B. Matolino
September 2018
Moderate communitarianism is a thesis introduced into African philosophical literature by the Akan philosopher Kwame Gyekye. He suggests that this thesis better accounts for the Akan and, to some extent, African social set-up than what he calls radical communitarianism (a thesis which he attributes especially to John Mbiti and Ifeanyi Menkiti). However, Gyekye is criticised by J. O. Famakinwa and B. Matolino for...
‘Mine to Win’: a Book that Binds Aspects of Ethiopian Christianity Education and Philosophy
September 2018
The author of this book, Hiwot Teffera, is among the vibrant politers of the then generation called ‘YaTiwulid’. This period extends from 1972- 1992 , and many of them were young and involved in different political factions of the time. She and some of her friends are destined to share their experience, knowledge and reading; however, many could bear fruit because of Red and White Terrors of the time....
The problem of destiny in Akan and Yoruba traditional thoughts: A comparative analysis of the works of Wiredu, Gyekye and Gbadegesin
March 2014
Many African scholars have expressed varied thoughts about the concept of a person, specifically about that which constitutes a person in African philosophy. These philosophers include Kwasi Wiredu, Kwame Gyekye and Segun Gbadegesin. What they have in common, though, is that their ideas on the concept of a person issue largely from the traditional philosophies of some West African peoples. Wiredu and Gyekye reflect on...
How to talk about physical reality? Other models, other questions
March 2014
Investigating the nature of our apparent physical reality is a profound challenge. Our models from physics, while powerful, do not treat reality per se. The famous painter Paul Gaugin articulated the relevant existential questions famously in a grand painting - questions that also give the painting its title: D’où venons-nous? Que sommes-nous? Où allons-nous? People of religious faith, of course,...
Rape and adultery in ancient Greek and Yoruba societies
March 2014
In Athens and other ancient cultures, a woman, whatever her status and whatever her age or social class, was, in law, a perpetual minor. Throughout her life, she was in the legal control of a guardian who represented her in law. Rape, as unlawful carnal knowledge of a woman, warranted a capital charge in the Graeco-Roman world. It still carries a capital charge in some societies and is considered a felony in others. As...
Why was carthage destroyed? A re-examination from an economic perspective
March 2014
The story of Rome‟s destruction of the once buoyant maritime city of Carthage in 146 B.C. has been explained by many scholars, generally, in terms of the fear and security threats posed by Carthaginian naval authority and great trade across the Mediterranean. This kind of generalization leaves little room for other intrinsic causes of the destruction and plays down the core policies that characterized Roman...
Remediating deficiencies in the implementation of the rules of ‘ilmuttajwid and ‘ilmul-qira’at in Nigeria
June 2006
This paper delves into crucial issues surrounding attempts to make flawless Qur’anic recitation, in Nigeria, a permanent tradition. The paper identifies major militating factors against an error-free recitation of the holy Qur’an in Nigeria as a basis for locating appropriate remedial programmes. The study discovered that factors such as acquisition of deficient typologies, language interference, complexity...
The elephant in pre–colonial Ghana: Cultural and economic use values
June 2006
Using multi–sources: archeaology, history, geography, anthropology, wildlife, zoology, biology, oral tradition and archival material, the article examines the history of the elephant in Ghana, highlighting the various methods employed in hunting as well as the cultural and economic use values of the elephant in Ghana.
Christian missions and evolution of the culture of mass education in western Nigeria
June 2006
The culture of mass education has become an enduring tradition in Western Nigeria. The root of this culture is traceable to the mid-nineteenth century when the Christian missionary bodies began a process of systematic evangelization, using Western education as a medium and an indispensable tool. Early converts were taught how to read the Bible in vernacular – a measure that helped produce the first widespread...
Pawn of contesting imperialists: Nkoransa in the Anglo-Asante rivalry in northwestern Ghana, 1874-1900
June 2006
Scholarship on the history of imperialism has tended to overly concentrate on Western imperial hegemony over non-Western societies. On the other hand forms of imperialism in societies elsewhere, particularly Africa, remain understudied. The frame of Western imperialism with its operational principles has generally been represented by non Western scholars as economically exploitative, culturally repressive, politically...
Reality check: The possible detection of simulated environments through observation of selected physical phenomena
June 2006
And yet, and yet… Denying temporal succession, denying the self, denying the astronomical universe, are apparent desperations and secret consolations. Our destiny… is not frightful by being unreal; it is frightful because it is irreversible and iron-clad… The world, unfortunately, is real; I, unfortunately, am Borges.” — Jorge Luis Borges, “A New Refutation of Time”
Profiling a model for the administration of zakat in a multi-religious society: The case of south-western Nigeria
June 2006
Islam is undoubtedly one of the world’s leading religions today with adherents cutting across all the continents. It is even said to be the world’s fastest-growing religion1. The practice of its tenets therefore is worldwide regardless of whether the adherents of the religion are the majority or constitute the minority group where they live. Like other tenets of Islam, adherents are expected to practise...
Book Review: The mind-body problem
June 2006
Raymond N. Osei, The Mind-Body Problem in Philosophy: An Analysis of the Core Issues, Hope Publications Ltd., Ibadan, Nigeria, 2006. Pp. 225. ISBN 978-8080-18-9 This book begins without pretensions on the position the author wants to defend. The opening statement says “the position I intend to support is the belief that there is a material world and that this is all there is”. The author also...
Sin, punishment and forgiveness in ancient greek religion: A yoruba assessment
March 2006
This paper looks in particular at the special sin of hubris in ancient Greek religious thought. It examines what constitutes hubris and some cases in which hubris has been committed and punished. It demonstrates with examples that hubris is an unforgivable sin in ancient Greek religion and examines the reasons for this concept. Finally, the paper interprets the operation of hubris in Greek religion from the Yoruba...
Rawls in the African predicament: Some theoretical considerations
March 2006
The colonial experience in Africa is an epochal phenomenon. This is because the postcolonial conditions became crippling enough to determine the direction that Africa would take. The colonial logic through series of sociocultural, economic and political “pre-texts” ensured the disruption of the African psyche and societies. One of the ways in which the Africa is coming to term with its disrupted existence is...
The critical presence of the other: Comparative philosophy, self-knowledge, and accountability
March 2006
Western philosophy has traditionally taken justification as necessary for constituting genuine knowledge. On the contemporary scene, however, several influential epistemological theories (Gadamer, Polanyi, Kuhn, Sellars) see the project of epistemological transparency as undermined by the fact that implicit conditions necessarily underlie our explicit knowing. In this paper, I argue that “we” must engage...
The quest for development in Africa and the dilemma of competing cultural paradigms
March 2006
This essay reopens the debate among African politicians and intellectuals concerning which paradigm is the most suitable for achieving the goals of development in Africa at this present moment of her history. Since the early 70s, African intellectuals and politicians have reflected on this problem and the highpoint of the debate was that only a synthesis of our traditional cultural elements with other relevant areas of...
Giving voice: Instigating debate on issues of citizenship, participation and accountability
March 2006
While there is a near unanimity on the need for participation there is yet no such agreement on the type and degree of participation to be adopted in a particular project. One thing that has never being doubt is the fact that local people have not being accorded their rightful recognition and respect by most intervention agencies hence the failure of some projects. So how does a project which seeks to address the issues...
Change and continuity in native political systems: The case of the Denkyira state
March 2006
Using Denkyira (an Akan tribal group in Ghana) as case study, the paper analyses the emergence, subsistence and declivity of indigenous political systems in post-colonial Africa. It argues that whilst there has been continuity in the cherished values of democracy and development, there has been a change in the political and social institutions for their realization. And colonialism bears a heavy, though far from...
A retrospect towards change: Proverbs in gynocentric Yoruba written plays
March 2006
Among the Yoruba of Nigeria, OWE (proverbs) are short veiled charter statements, highly valued as a socializing phenomenon. They originate from the observation of natural occurrences and human interactions. Proverbs, like myths, have been chauvinistically manipulated to vindicate women\'s disempowerment especially in important public shares, through socio-acculturation. However, despite an entrenched negative...
Yoruba deities in Aimé Césaire\'s Dramaturgy
March 2006
The French Caribbean Literature is replete with African cultural archetypes, an important inheritance from the African origin of the predominantly black population. Most prominent of these archetypes are traceable to the Yoruba culture and faith system. This paper studies the esthetic use of Yoruba deities in Aimé Césaire\'s dramatic works. The study reveals that Césaire, who is ever conscious...
The I Ching or “Book of Changesâ€: A Chinese space-time model and a philosophy of divination
December 2005
Although often written about, studied, cited, and referred to casually, the I Ching or “Book of Changes” as it is commonly known in English is not well understood in the context of Chinese metaphysics. In this paper, we wish to set the I Ching in the context of a particular space-time model of the Chinese. By “space-time”, I mean the relationship between the events in time, and locations of those...
Transmitting philosophic knowledge without writing: The Ekiti Yoruba philosphic sagacity experience*
December 2005
Based on recent field research among the Ekiti, South West Nigeria, this paper explores the question of philosophical sages. It attempts to find traditional experts, possessing the capacity for critical and rigorous thought, as required by philosophy, but without the ability to write. Two key questions arise: Do experts in philosophic thought exist among the Ekiti Yoruba, and if so, do they match, if not surpass, the...
Did a biased jury convict Plato’s Socrates?
December 2005
It is a matter of scholarly controversy how much of Socrates’ conviction of impiety and for corrupting the youths could be blamed on Socrates’ own defense, on the strength of the persecution’s argument, which has not survived, on prejudicial pre-trial slanders against Socrates . At a point in his trial, Socrates was convinced - and he effectively told the jury this – that he has ably disposed of...
Cultural identity and the future of Africa
December 2005
The major challenge facing the development of the African culture today cannot be easily deciphered without unearthing the problems encountered by the exposure of traditional cultures to the beliefs and practices of other forms of life. Colonialism, capitalism and of recent, globalization are international trends that have called into question the views, ideas and thoughts of the traditional African culture. The result...
The interpretation of “Jihad†in Islam
December 2005
It is unfortunate that misconceptions has been given to the meaning and duty of Jihad by some European writers, by assuming that the word is supposed to be synonymous with war. This paper therefore focuses attention on the true meaning and duty of Jihad. It also aims at stating the different kinds of Jihad and the manner in which each of these kinds is carried out.
The quest for an enduring social peace: The Nigerian situation
December 2005
How can an enduring peace be assured a society? We subscribe to thesis that to achieve social peace, it is imperative that the culture of violence and war prevalent in virtually all societies is replaced with a culture of non-violence and peace. This requires embarking upon a process of peace education as a means of imparting and imbibing new set of values that are essential for constructing the right attitudes as...
Theoretical considerations on the impact of worldviews of development
December 2005
The purpose of this paper is to examine the nature and mechanism of the impact of world views (ideologies, broadly speaking) on the development of society generally, with particular reference to Sub-Saharan Africa and Nigeria. It has been recognized long ago that the materialistic interpretation of society (that sees the value-base of a society – that is, its philosophical value system – as a creation of the...
Roman Expansionism in the third and second centuries BC: A case for imperialism and militarism
December 2004
Rome’s rise from the status of a small stage on the banks of the Tiber to that of a super power in a few years was undoubtedly a stupendous achievement; for on several occasions she had to fight for her very survival as a state among some pretty hostile neighbours. It is not surprising, therefore, that some scholars consider Rome’s prominent place in human history as divinely ordained1. However, it will be...
Body-mind-self-world: Ecology and Buddhist Philosophy
December 2004
Within yourself, no fixed positions: Things as they take shape disclose themselves. Moving, like water, still, be like a mirror, Respons like an echo. – Zhuangzi By the training of our nature we recover the Power, When Power is at its utmost, we accord with the Beginning. In according we attenuate, in attenuating we become Great, and blend together the twitters of the beaks, When the twitters of the beaks...
On the historical evalution of schools in African Philosophy
December 2004
Since William E. B. Dubois1 wrote The Negro in 1915, Black Folk: Then and Now in 1939, as well as The World and Africa in 1946, scientific facts of the Leakeys and other2 have demonstrated that African is th actual cradle of Homo sapiens. According to Cheikh Anta Diop, (1923-1986), the foremost Sengalese Africanist, the Nile Valley of Egypt, not Greece, was the cradle of Philosophy, and other human sciences, culture and...
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