Article in Press
Endophytic bacteria are able to live inside the plant tissue for enhancing plant growth without any negative effect. A total of forty endophytic bacteria were isolated from different tissues of chickpea and in vitro screening was done for biochemical tests and different plant growth promotion activities, that is, indole acetic acid (IAA), gibberellic acid (GA) production, and phosphate solubilization. On the basis of...
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The present work aimed at studying the use of some bioaccelerator, namely Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma harzianum, Serratia species, Pseudomonas fluorescence and Bacillus polymyxa, together with mineral materials, that is, dolomite, feldspar, rock phosphate, bentonite, and elemental sulfur, for production of a high quality compost at a reduced time of processing. Plant residues composting 40% rice straw + 40% maize...
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Fungal infections, also called mycoses, are important causes of morbidity and mortality in humans. Fungal opportunistic pathogens can lead to many of the complications seen in advanced HIV disease and are commonly identified in HIV-infected populations with decreased immune function. This research was therefore aimed at determining the opportunistic fungal infections associated with HIV/AIDS patients receiving...
Study of microbial quality of four major seed spices grown in western semi-arid region of India
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Seed spices are mature, dried seeds of plants used primarily for seasoning and flavouring foods. In this investigation, three different sets of four major seed spices samples viz. coriander (Coriandrum sativum), cumin (Cuminum cyminum), fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) and fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) were collected. These sample sets include first set of sample from the local farm produce, second set of branded sample...
Effect of soil factors on incidence of cumin wilt and survival of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Cumini
Article in Press
Investigations were carried out to study the effect of soil temperature, moisture, nutritional factors and organic amendments on wilt incidence due to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cumini (FOC) in cumin and survival of F. oxysporum f. sp. cumini under greenhouse/controlled conditions. Soil temperature and moisture significantly (p
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Plant growth promoting endophytic bacteria (PGPE) influences the plant growth by various direct mechanisms. To look for efficient PGPE strains having multiple activities, 80 bacterial isolates were isolated from different tissues of rice obtained from major rice growing districts of Tamil Nadu. From 80 isolates, 20 efficient bacterial isolates were selected based on their plant growth promoting traits like production of...
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates are intrinsically resistant to many antibiotics such as novel β-lactam antibiotics and therefore, can develop resistance during treatment, culminating in high morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to detect the genes encoding class A ESBLs of bla PER-1, bla- VEB-1 and bla- PSE-1 among clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa among ICU patients. In this study, a total of 65 clinical...
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Baker’s yeast is the most widespread food microbial starter. Its main function is to produce gas, more specifically to raise dough made from flour and to provide bakery products with an aerated structure. Since the beginnings of the baker’s yeast industry, much effort has been devoted to optimize growth conditions to get high biomass yield in fermentation tanks and gassing power in dough. However, there is a limit to...
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This study was done to determine the effect of formulations with traditional fertilizers (cow dung and vermi-compost) on root and vegetative growth of green gram under in-vitro condition. The various treatments were done by formulation I, formulation II, Co-formulation (for pending patent, Patent App. No 201741023234), whey, molasses and formulations with traditional fertilizers in various ratios and applied as three...
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Determining a pathogen’s spectrum of resistance to antimicrobials is often a critical component in successfully treating bacterial infections. Hence, a cross-sectional study was carried out from November 2013 to May 2014 to determine antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of bacterial pathogens isolated from bovine mastitis in smallholder dairy farms in Sinana district, Bale Zone, South Eastern Ethiopia. Bacteriological...
Seroprevalence of West Nile Virus and Associated Factors in Borena District, Southern Ethiopia
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West Nile virus is a member of genus Flavivirus that cause emerging disease. It is transmitted with mosquitoes, Culex species. No studies have been carried out to determine seroprevalence of WNV antibody in Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to assess the WNV seroprevalence and its associated factors in health facilities in the Borena District. An institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted from May to...
Antibacterial effect of silver nanoparticles on Klebsiella spp
Article in Press
Silver nanoparticles (AgNP) can be incorporated into various types of antibiotic resistance, such as Klebsiella spp, which can lead to changes in the mucous membranes and skins. Thus, the objective was to synthesize silver nanoparticles and their incorporation into cotton tissues for the testicles against Klebsiella spp. The AgNP colloidal solution was synthesized (AgNO3 - 0.1 mM, 100 mM trisodium citrate,...
Prevalence of syphilis in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
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Syphilis infection is an important public health problem across the globe, especially in developing countries. In Ethiopia, study findings on the prevalence of syphilis among Ethiopian population are highly dispersed indifferent geographic region and time. The aim of the current review is to conduct revised information about syphilis in Ethiopia. Databases including MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, HINARI...
Assessment of Mycotoxigenic Mould Contamination on Proximate Composition of Poultry Feeds
Article in Press
The objective of this study was to assess the mycotoxigenic mould contamination on proximate composition of poultry feeds. Aspergillus flavus, A. parasiticus, A. ocheracus and Fusarium verticilloides were the toxigenic moulds used to determine their effect on nutritional parameter of poultry feeds. The results of the chemical composition of the poultry feed before and after contaminated with toxigenic moulds showed that...
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There is presently no information on the occurrence, abundance and diversity of airborne bacteria in Botswana hospitals. In addition, there is also growing concern in the global spread of antibiotic resistant bacterial pathogens that continue to emerge and pose a huge challenge to human health. This study was aimed at; 1) determining the occurrence, relative abundance and diversity of airborne bacterial species. 2)...
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Group B Streptococcus is the leading cause of neonatal disease. This study was sought to determine colonization rate of GBS among pregnant women, and their newborns, serotypes distribution, and vertical transmission rate. A Hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted at Adama Hospital Medical College from June 2014 to October 2014. A total of 280 pregnant women and their newborns were screened for colonization with...
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Food borne diseases are major health problems globally. Food handlers are potential causes of foodborne infections. It is estimated that 30-50% of the human population carries Staphylococcus aureus and its main habitat is the nasopharynx. This study aimed to determine the nasal carriage of enterotoxogenic Staphylococcus aureus among food handler working in Hawassa university referral Hospital, Hawassa, Ethiopia. A cross...
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Fungal infection initially was recognized to cause dermatophytoses and thrush which affects the quality of life. Then subsequently pathogenic fungi were acknowledged to cause severe life threatening infections especially to those who are immunocompromised. Not only these infections increase morbidity and mortality, but they also cause more hospital stays and a financial burden. There are currently few antifungals in use,...
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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a small enveloped DNA virus of the Hepadnaviridae family associated with infection of the liver, and a major public health problem globally. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in apparently healthy individuals attending Federal Medical Centre, Owo and Don Bosco Medical Diagnostic Hospital, Akure, Nigeria. Socio-demographic status of the individuals...
Article in Press
The leaves of Terminallia catappa (almond leave) have been used as a local package material for food in Nigeria for ages without the knowledge of the micro-organisms that inhabit the leaves. Fungi associated with disinfected and non- disinfected leaves of Terminallia catappa from two ancient cities in Nigeria were investigated. Results shows fungi and yeast inhabit the leaves and they includes Aspergillus niger, A. flavus,...
Article in Press
Resistance to multiple drugs by pathogens has become the sweltering problem for the treatment of bacterial infections. To overcome this problem of drug resistance, several diversified bacteriophages can be used as one of the alternatives and attractive approaches. The present study aims to detect, isolate and partially characterize the bacteriophage used against MDR-P.aeruginosa isolated from wound infections. A total...
Article in Press
The thermotolerant coliforms (201) isolated from various sources of drinking water were studied for antibiotic sensitivity and tolerance to heavy metals. Predominant resistance to bacitracin, vancomycin, and ampicillin was detected among thermotolerant coliform species. Forty one percent strains of thermotolerant coliforms were found to be multiple antibiotics resistant (MAR). All strains of Escherichia coli were found...
Integrated management of bacterial wilt of ginger incited by Ralstonia solanacearum
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An experiment was conducted to find out the integrated management of Ralstonia solanacearum infecting ginger. Two antibiotics, two biocontrol agents, one phytoextract and one organic amendment and their combination were used. The average reduction in pre emergence seed rot and post emergence seedling mortality recorded with all the treatments tested ranged from 16.50 to 80.39% over untreated. However, significantly highest...
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This study evaluated the antifungal potential of Streptomyces species MPO-4 isolated from the rhizosphere soil de Aniba parviflora Syn fragans (Macacaporanga) by Agar block technique. Secondary metabolites were obtained in the fermentation broth followed by solvent extraction with ethyl acetate, for further evaluation of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the crude extract against Postia placenta, Rhizoctonia...
Article in Press
Contracting infectious diseases from microbial contaminated toilet door handles is a potential threat to public health and safety. Therefore we performed microbiological screening of toilet door handles in twelve рublic toilets on Baze University campus for bacterial contamination. Biochemical analysis of bacterial isolates from entrance toilet door handles in six building blocks on Baze University camрus, revealed a...
Biocontrol agents against plant diseases
Article in Press
This review article emphasis that biological control is one of the substitutes to chemical method for the usage of antagonistic micro-organism to suppress disease causing plant pathogens. Plant and pathogens come up different interactions in their life cycles which significantly determine the fate of plant health. Biological control agents have a series of different mechanisms to suppress plant pathogens which depends on...
Antagonistic activity of marine Bacillus licheniformis KKR against human pathogens
Article in Press
Pathogens are gradually becoming more resistant to conventional antibiotics as a consequence; the emergence of infectious diseases is becoming a serious threat to the public health. Thus, there is a need for new antibiotics with an alternative mode of action through novel chemical structure. Marine microorganisms are of considerable importance as new promising sources of a huge number of biologically active products than...
Article in Press
In this investigation the toxicity effect of eight transconjugants, four strains of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) and Serratia marcescence on larval body weight of Egyptian cotton leaf worm, Spodoptera littoralis were evaluated. S. marcescens produced a huge amount of chitinase in short time because of complete hydrolysis of colloidal chitin in agar medium. This enables this strain to be used in this study as a donor strain...
Article in Press
This study reports for the first time, the chemical composition, antibacterial and antifungal activities of the essential oil extracted by hydrodistillation from the bulbs of Allium roseum L. var. grandiflorum Briq. subvar. typicum Regel. In total, 25 compounds, representing 86.5% of the total oil composition, were identified by GC and GC/MS analyses. Sulfurous compounds were detected in appreciable amounts (68.8%) for the...
Article in Press
A nosocomial outbreak of Legionella pneumophila pneumonia serogroup 1 occurred in three patients in the liver transplant unit of Gastroenterology Surgical Center (GEC). L. pneumophilia was recovered from the hospital water supply system just before the outbreak. Following Legionella detection in the hospital water supply system, we studied the presence of Legionnaires’ disease in patients with clinically suspected...
Growth medium formulation for sporulation of Phytophthora megakarya affecting cocoa
Article in Press
Materials were locally sourced to formulate growth media for culturing of Phytophthora megakarya pathogen of black pod disease of cacao. This scarcity of canned V8 juice necessitates this study with the objective to develop an alternative medium locally formulated from vegetables, evaluate and compare them with other media in supporting the growth and sporulation of P. megakarya. Formulated medium was compared with Potato...
Article in Press
The aim of the present study was to investigate the fungal infection in fishes of Upputeru Creek of Kolleru Lake, Andhra Pradesh and the percentage of infection of various species of fishes. A total number of 1400 fishes were screened and fungal infected fish samples were brought to laboratory in sterilized plastic bags and kept in glass aquaria to observe the symptoms of infected fishes. Identification of various species...
Chromium (VI) reduction by bacteria isolated from tannery effluent in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe
Article in Press
The removal of the highly toxic heavy metal, chromium (VI), from industrial effluents before their discharge into the environment presents serious challenges to industries. Many industries use chemical and physical methods to remove the metal from their effluents before their discharge into the environment. However, such methods, despite their efficiency and reliability, are not environmentally friendly. On the contrary,...
Article in Press
Laccases (EC: 1.10.3.2) are known to be produced by a variety of bacteria and fungi and their applications at industrial level have stimulated interest to explore their lignolytic activity in several microbes to be used as bio-resources. In this study, laccase degrading bacterial colony characterization visual inspection was carried out and irregular, circular shape, brown, red, pinkish and creamish colour was found....
Article in Press
Phosphate solubilizing bacteria possess the ability to solubilize insoluble phosphate to soluble forms by enhancing the nutrient status of the soil. This process not only compensates increasing cost of phosphatic fertilizers but also minimizes the negative environmental impacts associated with the application of inorganic fertilizers. Phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) were screened based on the size of a halo/clear...
Screening for phosphate solubilization potential of two rhizospheric fungi
Article in Press
Microbes are known as an important natural phosphate solubilizing agent in rhizospheric soil. Therefore, the phosphate solubilization potential of two selected fungi, viz., Aspergillus fumigatus and Fusarium oxysporum isolated from rhizospheres of Acer oblongum and Cupressus torulosa, respectively were screened for the present study. Phosphate solubilization potential of selected fungi was observed by solubilization index...
Microbial quality of traditional and industrial yoghurts: A review
Article in Press
Milk and dairy products consists a part of the nutrition pyramid . Dairy products may be contaminated with various bacteria and fungi. Investigation has demonstrated that the contamination in traditionally processed yoghurts were higher than industrially processed ones. The main purpose of this review was to collect data from studies on microbial quality of probiotic and non-probiotic yoghurts. Data reported adverse...
Article in Press
Campylobacter species are among the most leading bacterial causes of gastroenteritis with its associated public health and economic challenges worldwide. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of Campylobacter species in poultry on free range and humans during the three seasons in Sokoto state and determine the resistance of the isolates to commonly used and abused antibiotics. Cloacal and faecal swabs were...
Fermentation properties and monacolin K formation by Monascus spp in brewing rice wine
Article in Press
Objectives To improve the content of monacolin K in rice wine, fermentation properties and monacolin K formation by red yeast rice collected from Southern China were studied while brewing new functional rice wine . Results Red yeast rice â… and red yeast rice â…¢ have fast fermentation dynamics. The content of monacolin K is higher in red yeast rice â… that can be up to 0.86 ug / ml; the rice wine brewed by the red...
Antibacterial, muscle relaxant, and hypnotic effects of seeds of Peganum harmala on mice
Article in Press
Peganum harmala seed extract has been frequently reported to posses antibacterial potential through invivo studies. Peganum harmala L. (Zygophyllaceae) is one of the most famous medicinal plants used in traditional medicine of Iraq. The harmaline, harmalol and harmine exerted many pharmacodynemic effect on the central nervous system, ranged between stimulation and depression depending on the dose. Peganum harmala indicate...
Article in Press
The aim of this study was to determine the number of bacteria and fungi in the fermentation process and characterization of these microorganisms. There were several steps in this research including production of fermented feed, isolation of indigenous microorganisms, purification, characterization of microorganisms, species identification and test of cellulolytic activity. Results showed that eight bacteria and four fungi...
Article in Press
This work examines the chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of four phenolic extracts and essential oil of Juniperus phoenicea L. (cuprecaceae) aerial parts growing spontaneously in el Bayedh region of southwestern Algeria. The hydro-distillated essential oil from this plant was characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). This oil is mainly composed of monoterpene and...
Article in Press
Extremophilic bacteria are important groups of extremophilic organisms that have been studied during the two decades. The demand for enzymes from extremophilic bacteria has increased considerably due to its potential industrial application and great diversity and can work under extreme conditions. Due to their activity and stability under extreme conditions, these enzymes offer new alternatives for current biotechnological...
Article in Press
Irish potato (Solanum tuberosum) is one of the world’s most consumed staple worldwide and an important crop in terms of food security in the face of population growth and increased hunger rates. Potato yields in Cameroon have often been low as a result of decrease in soil fertility. Soil fertility has often been regarded as the chemical and physical properties of soil, with the microbial aspect often being ignored. An...
Article in Press
The re-emergence and increase in the prevalence of tuberculosis cases and multidrug resistant strains is of public health concern. The conventional Acid Fast Bacilli detection tool is weak in the current disease trend especially in children, patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and low bacterial load. The aim of this research was to assess effectiveness of the Gene Xpert MTB/RIF assay and Microscopy in...
Article in Press
Acute lung infection induced by Extended Spectrum β-Lactamases (ESBL) producing isolates was determined by measuring inflammatory mediators; malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and nitric oxide (NO). The mice were randomly divided into three groups of 20 animals each. All mice were given 104 c.f.u. ml-1 of the test organism intranasally in a volume of 50 µl while holding the mouse in an upright position without...
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Escherichia coli is a Gram-negative bacteria that causes various diseases, including pneumonia, urinary tract infections, and diarrhoea. The present work is an effort to study antimicrobial resistance pattern in this bacteria. Clinical samples (6840) were collected from King Fahd Hospital in Madinah, Saudi Arabia and screened for E. coli strains. Of all positive samples obtained from different clinical sources, about 3%...
Article in Press
This study aimed to investigate the incidence of bacterial infection in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients with cirrhosis and association between toll-like receptor 4 D299G gene polymorphism and Gram-negative bacterial infections in the patients. 100 HCV cirrhotic patients with ascites and 20 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects as control were included. Conventional culture methods were used to identify the...
Article in Press
Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a serious concern in developing countries due to precarious hygiene conditions, inappropriate prescription as well as self-medication and free sale of antibiotics. This study was aimed to assess the prevalence of strains producing extended-spectrum beta- lactamase in the Gram negative bacteria isolated in the laboratory. The study was conducted in the Charles De Gaulle Paediatric...
Management of bacterial wilt disease of potato in coastal plains of Odisha
Article in Press
Bacterial wilt and brown rot caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is one of the most dreaded diseases causing 30 to 70% yield loss in India. The disease is both tuber and soil borne. A field trial was conducted following split plot design in the year 2008 to 09 and 2009 to 10 under All India Co-ordinated Potato Research Project in Central Farm, Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India with...
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