November 2010
An overview of rabies - History, epidemiology, control and possible elimination
Rabies remains the most important zoonotic disease in many countries. Public concern and fears are most focused on dogs as the source of rabies infection to humans and other domestic animals. Several bat species are reservoir hosts of rabies and therefore can be a public health hazard. The possibility of a carrier state or asymptomatic form of rabies deserves serious evaluation. Rabies in most countries was...
November 2010
Amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA) of new isolated strains of bifidobacteria from newborn babies microbiota
Bifidobacterium species are known for their beneficial effects on health and their wide use as probiotics. Molecular methods applied to accurately and rapidly identify these micro-organisms are necessary. This study was conducted in order to isolate Bifidobacterium from newborn babies’ microbiota and also to identify the new isolated strains by PCR and ARDRA. The bile and the low pH...
November 2010
Microbial flora on the hands of healthcare workers
The aims of this study were to study the process of microbial contamination of healthcare workers’ (HCWs) hands during routine patient care and simultaneously to evaluate the state of antibiotic susceptibility of microorganisms isolated from the hands of HCWs. Samples were collected from the hands of 154 HCWs working at Gaziantep University Hospital. A standard bag broth technique was employed. In...
November 2010
Cultivation of an edible desert truffle (Terfezia boudieri Chatin)
This research was conducted to study the fruiting of an edible truffle Terfezia boudieriChatin in fields using mycorrhizal plants of Helianthemum sessiliflorum Desf. Pers. in two soil types (gypsy and sandy loam soils). Two cultivation methods have been tested. The first is the transplantation of inoculated plants (with T. boudieriascospores) maintained in...
November 2010
Antimicrobial activity of ten common herbs, commonly known as ‘Dashapushpam’ from Kerala, India
Ten herbs which are widely used in Ayurvedic system of medicine and are collectively known as “Dashapushpam “in Kerala, (India), were screened for their antimicrobial properties against nine spp. of pathogenic fungi and seven spp. of pathogenic bacteria. In the preparation of extracts, the entire shoot systems were used forCardiospermum halicacabum and Evolvulus alsinoides and only...
November 2010
An inquiry of knowledge, attitudes and practices against pandemic H1N1 influenza among Turkish health care workers: Experience of a single center in Southeast of Turkey
It is crucial to have a knowledge of pandemia. The aim of this study was to assess knowledge, attitude and behavioral responses of health care workers (HCWs) toward pandemic H1N1 influenza (PI). A cross-sectional study was performed in September 2009 in Diyarbakir, Turkey. All HCWs replied to a self-administered standardized, structured questionnaire. A total of 783 participated, with 31.55% having low...
November 2010
The effect of short-time microwave exposures on Escherichia coli O157:H7 inoculated onto beef slices
Escherichia coli O157:H7 is an important human pathogen causing haemorrhagic colitis, hemolytic-ureamic syndrom and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. In this study the effect of microwave irradiation of beef samples which were inoculated withE. coli O157:H7 were investigated. The portions of fresh beef slices weighting 200 g each and about 10 × 10 × 2 cm in size, were soaked in fully...
November 2010
Bacterial load on Ghanaian currency notes
Ghanaian currency notes are handled by all manner of people including ready-to-eat food sellers who serve food and handle the currency notes as they sell making the notes dirty and cross-contaminated. Hence this study aims at determining bacterial species and level of contamination of the notes in circulation. Ghanaian currency notes were collected at random from ready-to-eat food sellers in Kumasi. Buffered...
November 2010
Occurrence of Klebsiella oxytoca producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in different seasons in Ilam Hospitals, Iran
Our study focused on assessing frequency of Klebsiella oxytoca, to study incidence ofK. oxytoca producing ESBLs, to investigate frequency of blaTEM, blaSHV and blaCTX-M and to determine resistance of K. oxytoca producing ESBLs toward non-beta-lactam antibiotics, in different seasons in Ilam hospital. Twelve clinical isolates of K. oxytoca were found during March 2007 to April 2008 in...
November 2010
Antimicrobial protein production by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens MBL27: An application of statistical optimization technique
The applicability of the Taguchi DOE (design of experiment) methodology for optimization of medium composition for maximum antimicrobial protein (AMP) production by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens MBL27 has been demonstrated in the present study. The influence of individual factors and the relationships between the factors and their levels were established. Three factors viz, glucose, triammonium...
November 2010
Bacteriological and fungal evaluation of some aromatic and taste giving herbs from Igdir region in Eastern Anatolia of Turkey
In this work, aromatic and taste giving herbs including thyme (n=23), basil (n=23) and mint (n=19) samples collected from retail outlets of Igdir were examined for the microbiological quality as well as the detection of some pathogenic bacteria. Total aerobic mesophilic counts varied from 102 to107 cfu/g in thyme, 103 to 107 cfu/g in basil and mint samples....
November 2010
Malondialdehyde, vitamin E, and anti-oxidant enzyme activity levels in patients with crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever
Crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a viral disease that can be seen in people epidemically or as single patient. CCHF is a highly deadly disease caused by Nairovirus from Bunyaviridae family. Endothelial damage caused by secreted cytokines plays an important role in the pathophysiology of the disease. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly cytotoxic. Intracellular and extracellular...
November 2010
Isolation and application of a chlorpyrifos-degrading Bacillus licheniformis ZHU-1
A strain ZHU-1 capable of utilizing chlorpyrifos as the sole carbon sources and energy was isolated from soil. ZHU-1 was identified as Bacillus licheniformis based on analysis of morphology, physiological and biochemical characters and 16S rRNA. The addition of ZHU-1 to soil treated with chlorpyrifos resulted in a higher degradation rate than noninoculated soils, the degradation rate of...
November 2010
Study of sputum and bronchoscopic lavage for acid fast bacilli in patients with pulmonary infections
The diagnosis of tuberculosis is based on the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis on clinical specimens with different methods. Although there are many diagnostic techniques, such as culture and molecular methods, however, sputum smear microscopy for demonstration of acid fast bacilli remains the most important diagnostic method for tuberculosis in high prevalence countries due...
November 2010
Effect of cement dust pollution on microbial properties and enzyme activities in cultivated and no-till soils
Cement dust pollution is one of the sources of atmospheric pollution. The main impacts of the cement activity to the environment are the broadcasts of dusts and gases. The objective of this study is to determine the effects of cement dust pollution, which was generated by cement plant, on soil microbial population, microbial respiration, and some enzyme activities in cultivated wheat (CT) and...
November 2010
Expression of innate immune-related genes of Kuruma shrimp, Marsupenaeus japonicus, after challenge with Vibrio nigripulchritudo
The expression of five innate immune-related genes crustin (MjCrus), lysozyme (MjLyz), penaeidin (MjPEN), Toll-like Receptors (MjToll), and Tumor Necrosis Factor (MjTNF) in the lymphoid organ (LO) and intestine of kuruma shrimp (Marsupenaeus japonicus) was investigated after challenge with Vibrio nigripulchritudo. Bacteria (1 x 105 CFU/ml) were injected into the second abdominal segment...
November 2010
Effect of “eight-trigram boxing†exercise on blood oxidative status and intestine bifidobacterium and lactobacillus count in practicers
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of “Eight-trigram boxing” in reducing blood oxidative status and improving intestine benefical bacteria counts. Participants were randomly assigned to “Eight-trigram boxing” exercise. After 3 months, significant increase in GSH, SOD, CAT, GSH-Px and GR activities were observed. In addition, intestine benefical bacteria...
November 2010
Antioxidant and nitric oxide status in patients diagnosed with Echinococcus granulosus
In the present study, we tried to investigate whether infection with cystic echinococcosis provokes oxidative stress in the host by measuring changes in plasma levels of anti-oxidants enzymes. 23 patients and 25 control individuals were included in the study. Plasma superoxide dismutase [Cu–Zn superoxide dismutases, cytoplasmic form/superoxide dismutase 1] and glutathione peroxidase [Cytoplasmic...
November 2010
Antimicrobial properties of 4-Carboxyl-2, 6-dinitrophenylazohydroxynaphthalenes
The antimicrobial screening of the monoazo dyes, 4-carboxyl-2, 6-dintropheylazohydroxynapththalene, was carried out as a preliminary test for evaluating their biological potentials. Antimicrobial screening was done with filter paper disc and gauze bandage fabric impregnated with the dyes using 7 microbial isolates: Staphylococcus aureus 382, Candida...
November 2010
In vivo and in vitro antagonism of Streptomyces sp. RO3 against Penicillium digitatum and Geotrichum candidum
Streptomyces strains may control postharvest lemon fruit diseases caused byPenicillium digitatum and Geotrichum candidum. Four Streptomyces strains (RO3, MC3, Alem and CE1) were tested and RO3 was the strain with the highest antagonistic activity. Streptomyces RO3 showed a maximum biomass value (2.15 g/l) after 72 h incubation in yeast extract , malt extract, glucose...
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