February 2015
Antimicrobial potential of Ganoderma spp. fruiting bodies and cultured mycelium
Present investigation focuses on the antimicrobial potential of cultured mycelium extracts over fruiting bodies of Ganoderma spp. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ethanolic extracts of the fruiting body of G. lucidium against multidrug resistance pathogens was evaluated using broth dilution method. MIC of crude ethanolic extracts of fruiting body of G. lucidium was 0.78 mg/ml for Salmonella typhi, 3.12 mg/ml...
February 2015
Expression of adherence genes of Streptococcus mutans in the presence of Lactobacillus acidophilus and glucose
Streptococcus mutans is the bacteria most frequently associated with dental caries. One of its virulence factors is its ability to form biofilm. gtf, ftf and spaP are genes of S. mutans that are involved in adhesion and colonization of teeth surfaces and therefore biofilm formation. Exopolysaccharides are catalyzed by a group of bacterial enzymes termed glycosyltransferases (GTF) and fructosyltransferases (FTF), encoded...
February 2015
Identification of antifungal antibiotics genes of Bacillus species isolated from different microhabitats using polymerase chain reaction
Although many Bacillus species are known to be good antibiotic producers capable of acting as biocontrol agents, the underlying antimicrobial mechanisms are often poorly understood. In this study, 3 Bacillus strains out of 30, demonstrating over 55% mycelial inhibition against Mycosphaerella musicola as well as significant control in plate assays, were examined for the presence of antibiotic biosynthetic genes. The use...
February 2015
In vitro assessment of antimicrobial potency and synergistic effects of three medicinal plants’ (Mentha arvensis, Carissa carandas and Calendula officinalis) extract against pathogenic bacteria
The increased attention toward replacing chemical antimicrobials with natural remedies has led to increased studies. To prove the antimicrobial characteristics of plant extracts, their effect on infectious bacteria has to be studied in laboratory. In this study, aqueous and ethanolic extract leaves/fruits of three commonly available medicinal plants (Mentha arvensis, Carissa carandas and Calendula officinalis)...
February 2015
Prevalence of resistance and molecular characterization of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria isolated in a hospital in Southern Brazil
Infectious diseases are a major cause of morbidity worldwide, and the indiscriminate use of antibiotics favors the development of bacterial resistance mechanisms, making it difficult to control infection. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of bacterial infection, their antibiotic resistance genes and extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing genes. It was divided into two stages. The first stage was a...
February 2015
Characterization of Aspergillus section Nigri isolates from leaf litter and soil in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil
Section Nigri is among the most important from the genus Aspergillus, since it possesses economical and biotechnological properties. Its identification is considered quite hard and complex. Due to this fact, Aspergillus taxonomy has been carried out by morphological, biochemical and molecular data. Morphological characterization besides molecular analyses was performed to properly identify Aspergillus section Nigri. A...
February 2015
Physicochemical and parasitological quality of vegetables irrigation water in Ouagadougou city, Burkina-Faso
The quality of irrigation water from different sources used by urban vegetable producers, the watered soils and vegetables in Ouagadougou was investigated. From December 2012 to December 2013, samples of water (97), lettuces heads (20), manure (10) and soil (9) were collected and analyzed for their parasitological quality using modified Bailenger methods. The result shows that parasites concentration in samples (1 to 11...
February 2015
Distribution of genes encoding aminoglycoside modifying enzymes amongst methicillin resistant and methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus isolates from Nigerian hospitals
Staphylococcus aureus has long been recognized as one of the major pathogenic organism of human which is responsible for a variety of infections including life threatening infections such as pneumonia. Aminoglycosides antibiotics play an important role in the therapy of staphylococcal infections despite the increase resistant to these drugs. This study aimed at determining the prevalence of genes encoding aminoglycoside...
February 2015
Modulatory activity and chemical profile of a hydroalcoholic extract of Crateva tapia L.
The scientific community is constantly searching for innovative substances that have antimicrobial potential and the ability to reduce or eliminate bacterial antibiotic resistance to specific drugs. This ability is known as the modulatory activity of antibiotics. Crateva tapia L., popularly known as “trapiá,” is a plant belonging to the Capparaceae family and is used in northeastern Brazil as a tonic,...
February 2015
Screening of filamentous fungi from Brazilian rainforests for enzyme production
Screening of new microbial strains for enzyme production is a key step in the improvement of industrial bioprocesses. The objective of this work was to isolate fungal strains from Brazilian rainforests and to evaluate their potential to produce industrial enzymes by solid state fermentation. First, 131 strains of filamentous fungi were isolated from Amazon rainforest and Atlantic rainforest regions. Strains selected by...
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