April 2010
Cosmeceuticals: A review
Cosmeceuticals are the latest addition to the health industry and are described as cosmetic products with drug-like activities. The term cosmeceutical was coined by Kilgman but these lines of product became popular in 1996 and have an expanding market that has rapidly reached Africa. Many scientists and health consumers in Africa may not be conversant with this line of products. They may therefore, be...
April 2010
Comparing different sedation medications using generalized estimating equations approach
Generalized estimating equations (GEE) provides an applicable approach to modelling repeated and clustered data that are often encountered in medical application. This approach is very useful especially when response variables are correlated and categorical, covariates are time-depended, there are a large number explanatory variables and missing data. In this study, using this approach we focus on modelling repeated...
April 2010
Evaluation of the antimicrobial activities of two Ziziphus species (Ziziphus mauritiana L. and Ziziphus spinachristi L.) on some microbial pathogens
The antimicrobial effects Ethanolic extracts of leaves of two species of genusZiziphus were determined against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. S. pyogeneswas the most susceptible followed by E. coli while S. aureus was the least susceptible. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum...
April 2010
Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of the methanol seed extract of Carica papaya in mice and rats
The methanol seed extract of Carica papaya (CPE) was investigated for antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities in mice and rats. The brine shrimp lethality test of the extract showed LC50 of 106.94 ppm at 95% confidence interval. The extract (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly (p < 0.05) increased pentobarbitone-induced sleeping time by more than 280% compared with the control. Like...
April 2010
Effect of light irradiation on the antimicrobial activity of Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides (lam) methanolic extract
The effect of light irradiation on the antibacterial potentials of methanol root extracts of Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides (Linn) was evaluated against some clinical isolates of gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms using the agar diffusion method. The methanol extracts were exposed to three different sources of radiations: sunlight (28 days), tungsten lamp (72 h) and photoreactor (1 h, 365 nm) after...
April 2010
Plasmid DNA analysis and conjugative study of antibiotic resistant Salmonella typhi and paratyphi to ten selected antibiotics in Zaria, Nigeria
The antibiotic susceptibility of Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi isolates to ten selected antibiotics, plasmid DNA profiles and conjugative ability in Zaria, Nigeria were investigated. Blood samples collected from presumptive typhoid fever patients in the different locations were cultured for Salmonella species and identified by standard procedures. Susceptibility testing and...
April 2010
Challenges of DOTS implementation strategy in the treatment of tuberculosis in a tertiary health institution, Ilorin, Nigeria
Despite the fact that Directly Observed Treatment Strategy (DOTS) short course has recorded significant improvement in the tuberculosis (TB) disease detection, treatment and control in Nigeria, neither the set target for the TB detection rate nor the cure rate has been achieved nationwide, as several challenges detract its effective implementation. The objective of this study was to examine the challenges of DOTS...
April 2010
Evaluation of the antidiarrhoeal effect of Lannea welwitschii Hiern (Anacardiaceae) bark extract
Ethnopharmacological relevance encompasses the aqueous bark extract ofLannea welwitschii (Hiern), LW is used in Traditional African Medicine (TAM) for the treatment of diarrhea. However, the scientific basis for this usage has not been established. To evaluate the antidiarrhoel activity of LW using various pharmacological methods. The intestinal transit, castor oil induced diarrhea, enteropooling and gastric...
April 2010
Biological activity of progesterone-dihydropyridimidine derivative on perfusion pressure and coronary resistance in isolated rat heart
Experimental studies suggest that progesterone can regulate blood pressure. Nevertheless, there is scarce information about the effects of progesterone and its derivatives at cardiovascular level. In addition, to date the cellular site and mechanism of action of progesterone at cardiovascular level is also unclear. In order, to clarify on those phenomena, we evaluated the effects of progesterone and...
April 2010
Effects of corn peptides on exercise tolerance, free radical metabolism in liver and serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase activity of mice
In order to carry out research on the effects of corn peptides on exercise tolerance, free radical metabolism in liver and serum Glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT) activity of mice, sixty Kun-Ming male mice were randomly divided into two experimental groups, that is , Group I (20 mice) and Group II (40 mice). Group Iwas a quiet group in which the mice were not trained; Group II was a...
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