Evaluation of Benz[A]anthracene-induced pulmonary toxicity in Rattus norvegicus
March 2024
Benz[a]anthracene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) commonly found in the environment, capable of inducing an inflammatory response that may lead to pulmonary toxicity. Due to a lack of knowledge regarding the signs and pathological damages caused by benz[a]anthracene toxicity, there is a need to investigate its effects in a rat model. The determination of the median lethal dose (LD50) involved nine rats using...
People perceptions about usage of polythene and its impact on environment at Ruwanwella DS division in Sri Lanka
October 2023
The study was conducted in Ruwanwella during November to January 2022. Polythene poses serious impacts on the environment. The aim of this survey was to assess people's perceptions about the usage of polythene and its impact on the environment. Data was collected from 30 housewives and 30 A/L students using two semi-structured questionnaires and interviews with a doctor. The main reason for using polythene bags...
Benzene, toluene, ethylene and xylene (BTEX) is implicated in gasoline-induced oxidative stress in male albino Wistar rats
December 2022
This study determined plasma and liver tissue benzene, toluene, ethylene and xylene (BTEX), malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) status in rats orally exposed to gasoline. Sixteen adult male Wistar rats (210.0 ± 20.0 g), distributed into control and test groups, of eight rats each were used. Rats in test group were administered 2.0 mLkg-1...
Fish consumption, awareness of fish advisories, and body burden of contaminants among the Milwaukee urban anglers: A biomonitoring study
October 2022
The Milwaukee Estuary Area of Concern (AOC) has been impacted by toxic pollutants, including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and heavy metals. During 2017-2019, the Wisconsin Department of Health Services conducted a biomonitoring study with the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry to examine contaminant exposures among Milwaukee urban anglers who consumed locally sport-caught fish. Questionnaires were...
Determination of pesticide residue levels in some common food crops: The suitability for human consumption
April 2022
Indiscriminate use of pesticides to boost agricultural produce and in public health to control pests has raised the emphasis on pesticide residue levels in foods. This study analyzed the pesticides residue levels in some common food crops consumed in Nigeria, and ascertained their suitability for human consumption. The samples were analyzed for the presence of 15 organochlorine and 10 carbamate pesticide residues using...
Comparison of nicotine contents in local and imported cigarettes sold in Abidjan markets in Côte d’Ivoire: Lessons for regulation
February 2022
Tobacco use is one of the main leading causes of disease and death worldwide and according to the World Health Organization (WHO), constitutes a major issue to public health. Given the importance of nicotine as the major constituent of tobacco and its addictive potency on consumers, determining its content in cigarettes sold on Ivorian markets shows to be important. The aim of this study was to determine and compare...
Testicular toxicity of the ethanolic extract of the stems of Massularia acuminata (G. Don) Bullock ex Hoyl in rats
November 2021
The ethanolic extract of the stems of Massularia acuminata is widely used in several regions of Côte d’Ivoire for the improvement of the male sexual performance. The study was carried out with a view to investigate the effect of long term use of the plant on rat. For this purpose, four groups of 6 rats each, aged 8 weeks and weighing on average 125 ± 23.16 g. Groups 2, 3 and 4 were treated repeatedly...
Acute and subacute toxicity studies of hydroethanolic extract of Baillonella toxisperma Pierre fruit pulp
November 2021
Baillonella toxisperma Pierre, fruit pulp is largely used in traditional medicine. No toxicity study was done on this fruit pulp. The purpose of this study was to assess the acute and subacute toxicity of the hydroethanolic extract of the fruit pulp of B. toxisperma. An acute toxicity study was conducted at 2000 mg/kg of body weight as a 14-day limit test in Wistar albino rats. Throughout the experiment, general signs...
Evaluation of practices favoring the development of mycotoxigenic molds in rice sold in the retail markets of Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
October 2021
Mycotoxins constitute a real problem of public health because of their highly toxic effects for the populations. This study aims to evaluate the practices that favor aflatoxins and ochratoxin A development in rice sold on the markets of Abidjan (Cote d’Ivoire). A food consumption survey was conducted among 45 traders and 135 consumers of rice in three markets in Abobo and Cocody communes. A simple, open-ended...
Black carbon accumulation in extrapulmonary human tissues
October 2021
Black carbon is a product of incomplete combustion and is associated with a number of adverse health outcomes in epidemiologic studies. To date, anatomic studies investigating the pathogenic mechanisms of black carbon in humans have confirmed black carbon particles accumulate in the lung and in the placenta of pregnant women, and are excreted in urine. In this feasibility study, the presence of black carbon particles...
Evaluation of the levels of selected heavy metals in leafy vegetables from irrigation farming sites in Jos, Plateau, Nigeria
September 2021
Leafy vegetables are used in making soups, local salads and diverse forms of foods for human consumption is common in Africa. These vegetables include Brassica oleracea (cabbage), Phaseolus vulgaris (green beans) and Solanum lycopersicum (tomatoes). The area of study is famous for agriculture and mining activities; Farmers cultivate them on degraded farmlands polluted with metals; these vegetables absorb these metals...
Hepatotoxic and neurotoxic effects of combined lead and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate exposure: Activation of total -, Ca2+- and Na+K+- ATPases in the liver of male rats
June 2021
Lead and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) are common environmental toxicants of concern around the world. Although effects of individual exposures to both agents are well documented, there is a dearth of information on the effects of co-exposure to both agents. In this study, combined exposure to lead and DEHP was investigated for effects on ATPase activities in the liver, brain and kidney tissues of rats. Male albino...
Deep-sea coral Lophelia pertusa laboratory maintenance and exposure to barite using water recirculation systems
June 2021
Drilling activities usually discharge large quantities of fluids and drill cuttings, which are composed of fine particles, such as barite, that can physically affect Lophelia pertusa. An experiment to assess the effects of barite smothering on L. pertusa was conducted with a water recirculation system. The corals were collected in Santos Basin, Brazil. The experiment was conducted in 23 L cone-shaped aquaria, adapted...
Asbestos exposure risk from ceiling and other building materials
October 2020
Although much research has been conducted regarding asbestos removal and worker exposure, there are gaps in our understanding of the extent of asbestos-containing materials still present in building materials and the effectiveness of exposure controls used during the removal of these materials. We conducted a review of third party surveys and exposure assessment reports to: (1) Evaluate the exposure levels...
L-Theanine: Neuroprotective Against Trichloroethylene-induced Parkinson’s Disease Hallmarks
August 2020
Trichloroethylene (TCE), a common water pollutant linked to Parkinson’s Disease (PD), induces dopaminergic neurodegeneration. L-Theanine (L-Th) was explored as a potential treatment for TCE-induced PD due to its previously elucidated neuroprotective properties. Cell viability, cytotoxicity, and cell density were evaluated using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) cell viability assay...
Prevalence and distribution of aflatoxin (AfB1) in groundnut and groundnut-based products in Northwestern Nigeria
August 2020
The kernel of groundnut and groundnut-based products are easily contaminated by aflatoxin: a mycotoxin produced by the fungus Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus. A total of 526 samples of groundnut and groundnut-based products were collected from six states in Nigeria namely Kano, Jigawa, Katsina, Kebbi, Sokoto and Benue States and analyzed for Aflatoxin B1 (AfB1) contamination using the Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent...
Exposure to air freshner and its distresses on the antioxidant biomarkers of male Wistar rats
July 2020
Air fresheners are widely used as a means of eliminating bad odour, albeit, it has been reported to be associated with some health risks. This work investigated the effect of acute exposure to air freshener on the antioxidant biomarkers of Wistar rats. Twenty-four Wistar rats were used for this study. The rats were divided into four groups of six rats each, labeled group 1, group 2, group 3, and group 4. Group 1, served...
Heavy metal pollution status and risk assessment on area with artisanal mining activities
May 2020
This study was undertaken to re-evaluate the heavy contamination level of Bagega community which recorded acute lead poisoning in 2010 and was reclaimed between 2010 and 2012. The levels of the following heavy metals (Zn, Pb, Hg, As and Cd) was measured in sixteen sampling sites around Bagega and its environs using Varian AA240 Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The assessment of pollution was achieved using the...
Study of pesticides use conditions in cashew production in Côte d’Ivoire
January 2020
This work aims to promote the rational use of agrochemicals in cashew cultivation by evaluating health prevention culture and environmental preservation levels in cashew producers’ practices in Côte d’Ivoire. A cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2017 to August 2018 in the 3 main cashew production areas (Mankono, Dabakala and Bondoukou). A total of 386 cashew farmers randomly selected were...
Safety assessment of Cymbopogon shoenanthus (L.) Spreng. (Poaceae) essential oils: Oral toxicity, dermal and eye irritancy investigations
October 2019
The side effects prediction is a regulatory requirement prior the effective use of a new product as drug or pesticide constituent is allowed. The handling hazards of Cymbopogon schoenanthus essential oils (CSEO) were determined by investigating their acute and subacute toxicities as well as irritancy potential for eye and skin in compliance with the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development guidelines. In...
Effect of lead on the activity of antioxidant enzymes and male reproductive hormones
September 2019
Environmental exposure to heavy metals such as lead is detrimental to male reproductive system. Lead induced oxidative stress is believed to contribute immensely to male infertility. The study was designed to investigate the influence of environmental lead exposure on the activities of antioxidant enzymes and male reproductive hormones levels in male individuals of Bagega and Kawaye villages of Anka Local Government...
Cellular energy budget in tropical freshwater fish following exposure to sublethal concentrations of cadmium
July 2019
Under stressful conditions (toxicity), organisms often try to detoxify by mobilizing available energy sources with costs to various metabolic functions, such as growth or reproduction. Cellular energy allocation (CEA) is a methodology used to evaluate the energetic status and which relates with organisms’ overall condition and response to toxic stress. It consists of the integration of the energy reserves...
Therapeutic assessment of Idebenone versus Titanium dioxide nanoparticles induced pulmonary injury in adult albino Rats: Experimental study
June 2019
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles are extensively used metal in cosmetics, sunscreens, food products, paints and drugs, producing oxidative stress and deoxyribonucleic acid damage. This study aimed to improve the overall (TiO2NP) use and decrease its related health hazards through the following objective among albino rates: To assess the TiO2NPs oral administration pulmonary induced toxic effect and to study the beneficial...
Spatial distribution and operations of petrol stations in the Kassena-Nankana district (Ghana) and associated health and safety hazards
May 2019
This study was conducted in Paga to assess the spatial distribution and operations of petrol stations and the associated health and safety hazards. Coordinates of the stations and the distances between them and the nearest residences were elicited and analysed using a GPS and ArcGIS software. Distances between fuel stations’ boundaries and the middle of the N10 highway and the distances between filling...
The possible protective effect of Zingiber officinale extract on cyclophosphamide-induced cardiotoxicity in adult male albino rats
April 2019
Cyclophosphamide, a cytotoxic alkylating agent, is an extensively used antineoplastic agent. Cardio-toxicity is considered as one of the limiting side effects of its use, which is attributed to oxidative stress. Zingiber officinale is powerful antioxidants against free radicals and oxidative attacks. The aim of this study is to investigate the possible protective effects of Z. officinale against cyclophosphamide induced...
Post-epidemic lead exposure to animals following a decontamination exercise in gold mining village of Bagega, Zamfara State, Nigeria
March 2019
This study focused on the evaluation of environmental lead contamination due to artisanal gold mining at a Nigerian village of Bagega one year after a clean-up exercise was carried out. Water samples were collected from earthen dams, faucets and wells, while plant and soil samples from grazing fields, residential areas and sites within the vicinity of the gold mine. The collected samples were digested and analyzed for...
Poisonings with heavy metals and neoplasms - possible correlations
March 2019
As a side effect of industrialization, some diseases have developed only recently, becoming a challenge for the medical specialists both in research and medical treatment fields. Among these, the poisoning with heavy metals occupies a certain category that must retain attention, due to since the effects of this kind of poisoning are very serious effects if these injuries poisonings are not properly recognized and...
Ameliorative role of quercetin in iron overload induced heart and brain toxicity in adult male albino rats
February 2019
Although iron is an essential element for life, its excess is linked to many disorders. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of quercetin on iron induced toxicity on the heart and brain in adult male albino rats. 50 adult male albino rats were equally divided into groups; Group I (negative control), Group II (positive control) received normal saline 0.9%. Group III (Quercetin group) was treated with...
Acute toxicity evaluation of water extract stem barks of Balanites aegyptiaca on adults of three different fish species
February 2019
A 96 h static toxicity bioassay was carried out to examine fish responses and to determine the median lethal concentration (LC50) of Balanites aegyptiaca stem bark extract on adults of Brycinus nurse, Labeobarbus bynni and Labeobarbus intermedius. Experimental fish were exposed to piscicide plant extract of 0.0 (control), 15.0, 17.5, 20.0, 22.5, and 25.0 mgL-1. Fish exposed to these extracts except the control showed...
Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in blood plasma of neurology patients
January 2019
The etiology of many neurological cases cannot be easily delineated, making the investigation, and treatment to be challenging. This study aims to screen the blood of neurology patients presenting for the first time in the hospital for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) using Flame Ionization Detector – Gas Chromatography. Fourteen PAHs were detected in the samples. The results showed that flourene and...
Potential human risk of dissolved heavy metals in gold mine waters of Gauteng Province, South Africa
December 2018
This paper evaluates the potential health risks from dissolved heavy metals in water sources around a gold mining area in the Gauteng Province of South Africa. In this study, 29 samples of water were collected around a gold mining area and were analyzed for Arsenic (As), Lead (Pb), Mercury (Hg), Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Cobalt (Co) and Nickel (Ni) using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass...
Influence of dry erase ink solvent mixtures on eye irritation
November 2018
Teaching is the process of imparting knowledge by teachers in learners. To enhance this, methods of presenting information visually to a full room of students at once are used. This includes writing on whiteboards written using whiteboard marker pens. Dry erase ink for whiteboard marker pen is composed of volatile solvent vehicle which easily vaporizes allowing the mark to dry on the surface of the whiteboard. Different...
Human kidney injury molecule-1 and interleukin-18 as predictive markers of nephrotoxicity in acute organophosphorus poisoned patients in Zagazig University hospitals
November 2018
Organophosphorus (OP) poisoning is a major common cause of mortality and morbidity in most countries. Some clinical cases developed renal injury after acute OP poisoning. The aim of our study is to evaluate the levels of kidney injury molecule-1(KIM-1) and interleukin -18(IL-18) in acute OP poisoned patients as early predictors of OP induced nephrotoxicity. Over a period of one year, the observational cross sectional...
The amelorative effect of L-arginin and omega-3 fatty acid against sodium valproate induced hepatotoxicity
July 2018
Sodium valproate (VPA) used in epilepsy and has hepatotoxic effect in mammals. This work is to assess the role of L-arginin and omega-3 fatty acid against VPA oxidative stress on liver. This study was carried out on 70 rats divided into 7 groups each of 10 rats treated orally once daily 6days/ week; Group I (control), Group II ( L-arginin): each rat was received 300 mg/kg L-arginin, Group III (omega-3): each rat...
Biochemical analysis and toxicity studies of some heavy metals and their correlation with different diseases
June 2018
The problem of heavy metal toxicity is a burning issue all over the world and more prominent in countries like Pakistan, India and Bangladesh. Often times, it is seen that the people of the affected areas are unaware of the toxic effects of these metals. Medical practitioners at the same time did not investigate the presence of heavy metals in the body. The present study aims to analyze the concentration of toxic heavy...
Organochlorine pesticides contamination in human milk in Abidan (Côte d’Ivoire)
May 2018
Organochlorine pesticides belong to the class of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). They are deeply involved in environmental issues and represent a real threat for human health. The aim of this study was to assess the level of organochlorine pesticides contamination in human milk through two studies of POPs biomonitoring performed in 2010 and 2015 in Côte d'Ivoire. Primiparous breastfeeding mothers...
Novel expression of the biomarker, Nε-hexanoyl lysine in gibberellic acid induced bone toxicity in adult albino rats
April 2018
Plants hormones are widely used in agriculture to alter plant characteristics as growth regulators. Gibberellic acid (GA3) plays important role in promoting plant growth, and cell differentiation. This work was performed to investigate the relationship between lipooxidative damage marker (HEL) and bone damage induced by GA3 in adult albino rats. This study was carried out on 20 adult albino rats for 4 weeks treated 6...
Effects of contaminated natural soil by Glyphosan SL on biochemical responses of the earthworm Eisenia sp.
December 2017
Biochemical biomarkers are widely used for the monitoring environmental quality since they can act as early warning signals, for potential ecosystem degradation caused by contaminants. In order to investigate the acute and chronic effects of a commercial formulation of glyphosate on antioxidant defenses (glutathione peroxidase, GPx; glutathione-S-transferase, GST; and reduced glutathione, GSH) and oxidative damage...
Hematotoxicity status of lead and three other heavy metals in cow slaughtered for human consumption in Jos, Nigeria
November 2017
Heavy metals are of public health concern worldwide due to their damaging effects on human and animal health, the environment and life in general. This study assessed concentration levels of some toxic heavy metals: Cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), copper (Cu) and magnesium (Mg) in blood samples of ten (10) cattle slaughtered in two areas (Jos North and South) of Plateau State, Northern Nigeria. The results were compared with...
Lactate and creatine phosphokinase as potential independent predictors of organophosphrus poisoning severity in Zagazig University Hospital Patients, Egypt
October 2017
This study aimed to assess the correlation of serum lactate and creatine phosphokinase (CPK) levels, and their association with severity of organophosphrus poisoning in order to use one of them or both as tools in predicting prognosis. This study was conducted over one year and 68 organophosphate (OP)-poisoned patients were enrolled. Clinical severity of cases was categorized according to Peradeniya organophosphorus...
Investigation of possible human exposure to metals concentration in vegetables
July 2017
This study assesses the health risk of metals concentration in spinach and onions obtained from different suppliers (suppliers 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5) in Mafikeng, South Africa. The following elemental concentrations of As, Ba, Bi, Cu, Cr, Co, I, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sr, Th, Rb, V and U were tested in spinach and onions using inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The result shows that Bi, I, Th, Pb and U were...
Maternal and foetal toxicity induced by exposure to mixture of dimethoate and cypermethrin in albino rats
June 2017
The use of pesticide mixture to combat increased resistance by pest, to single chemical insecticide has brought about an increase in the use of pesticide mixture from different class, with its attendant toxicity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the maternal and foetal toxicity associated with dimethoate and cypermethrin, the two insecticides that are normally mixed to reduce pest resistance. 100...
Analysis of the incidence of the deficit of sanitation on the health of the populations in a context of urban growth: Case of the municipalities Yopougon, Abobo and Treichville' (Abidjan, Ivory Coast)
June 2017
The emergence of pathologies and their impacts on the health of the populations were studied in the municipalities of Yopougon, Abobo, and Treichville. This study highlights the conditions of noxious life and the health of the populations. To achieve this, a transverse investigation with the households was conducted on 300 households in 2013. It is concerned with the sources of water supply. It was noticed that 80% of...
Evaluation of occupational exposure to metal dust on the liver of road construction workers in Abuja metropolis
May 2017
Increasing air pollution levels due to rapid urbanization and growth in infrastructural facilities coupled with low level of standard safety procedures have been observed in Nigeria, and become a major source of concern. The study evaluated the effects of occupational exposure to metal dust on the liver of road construction workers in Abuja metropolis. Blood samples were used in the measurement of Lead, cadmium,...
Biosorption of heavy metals onto different eco-friendly substrates
May 2017
Fungi play an important role in biosorption of heavy metals in heavily contaminated soil. Five metals-tolerant fungal species were isolated from two different contaminated soil (soils 1 and 2). The number of fungal colonies isolated from the contaminated soil 2 was higher than that of soil 1. The most resistant fungal species for the toxic studied metals (Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn) was Rhizopus stolonifier followed by...
Evaluation of biomedical waste in Kogi State University Teaching Hospital, Anyigba, Kogi State, Nigeria
April 2017
Adequate handling, efficient treatment and effective methods of biomedical waste play a vital role in the hospital infection control programme. Inadequate management of healthcare waste is a serious concern in many developing countries due to the risks posed to human health and environment. This study evaluates the biomedical waste generated at the Kogi State University Teaching Hospital, Anyigba. Seven wards were...
Heavy metal contamination in Thelesperma megapotamicum
March 2017
This study describes heavy metal (HM) contamination in the most commonly used herbal tea in several American Indian (AI) communities in northwestern New Mexico. The Navajo (Diné) reservation is located in an area that was heavily impacted by contamination associated with Uranium (U) mining that occurred from 1945 to 1988 and where more than 1,100 unreclaimed abandoned U mines and structures remain. The study...
Herbal teas heavy metal evaluation with renal function assessment in regular consumers in Benin
March 2017
Herbal teas are openly sold in markets and main streets of big cities like Cotonou in Benin. Most people treat themselves at low cost with wide variety of herbal plants with proven therapeutic properties. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the content of heavy metals in herbal teas sold daily in Cotonou. In addition, we would evaluate if this heavy metal content of herbal teas could affect the renal function...
Modification of biochemical and haematological parameters during 90-days subchronic toxicity assessment of Carissa edulis in Wistar rats
February 2017
A 90-days subchronic toxicity assay was evaluated on the aqueous extract of Carissa edulis leaves. Wistar rats were fed daily with oral doses of 125, 31.25 and 7.87 mg/kg of C. edulis leaves extracts. Toxic effects were assessed using physiological observation, body weight, relative organ weights, feed consumption, biochemical, haematological and histopathological parameters. Many changes of biological values were...
Ameliorative effects of melatonin on brain biochemical changes induced by subchronic co-administration of chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin in male Wistar rats
January 2017
The present study was aimed at evaluating the ameliorative effects of melatonin on chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin induced brain biochemical changes involving malonadialdehyde (MDA), catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidise and acetyl cholinesterase in male Wistar rats. The fifty adult male Wistar rats used for this study were divided into 5 groups of 10 animals each. Group I was administered distilled...
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