Agro-physiological response of millet (Pennisetum glaucum (l.) r. br.) to water deficit when augmented with organic fertilization
October 2023
The aim of the present study was to assess the impact of water deficit on millet growth and yield parameters under fertilization conditions using laying hen droppings. To achieve this, a split-plot experiment with three replications was carried out, studying two main factors: Water regime (H0: normal watering, H1: 10-day suspension of watering at the vegetative stage, H2: 10-day suspension of watering at 50% flowering...
Salt resistance strategies of amaranth salt-resistant mutant lines
January 2023
Improving plant salt tolerance is thus a veritable challenge for breeders as salt stress is one of the most important factors that negatively affect plant growth and productivity worldwide. In this study, we evaluated the physiological strategies involved in the salt resistance of three salt resistant mutant lines. Three weeks old plants of the three mutant lines and that of the control cultivar Locale were submitted in...
Response of tossa jute (Corchorus olitorius L.) salt stressed plants to external application of calcium and potassium
October 2022
This study focused on the improving effect of external application of calcium and potassium on growth, ions and organic solutes accumulation in tossa jute plants grown under salt stress. Young plants were subjected in pots to ten treatments including the control without NaCl, 120 mM NaCl and a combination of 120 mM NaCl and an addition of 40 or 60 mM CaSO4, CaCl2, K2SO4 or KNO3. Plant growth, sodium, potassium, proline...
Impact of drought on the foliar physiology of maize plants irradiated with gamma radiation
August 2021
Maize (Zea mays), is a plant of economic and nutritional interest, which is often confronted with unfavorable environmental conditions, including water stress. This phenomenon forces the plants to considerably reduce their production by disturbing their metabolism. Seeds of maize of the variety EV8728 were subjected to different doses of gamma radiation (100, 200 and 300 grays) in order to induce mutations in plants...
Salinity resistance strategy of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) cultivars produced in Benin Republic
April 2021
Salinity negatively influences the physiology and productivity of plants which develop different strategies to resist to this stress. This study aims to evaluate the implication of sodium (Na), potassium (K), proline and soluble sugars accumulation in salt resistance of okra local cultivars after two weeks exposure to 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 mM NaCl concentrations. Results revealed that the aerial part growth reduction...
The costunolide biosynthesis enzymes of Artemisia glabella Kar. et Kir.: Determination of the nucleotide sequences of the mRNA
April 2021
Artemisia glabella Kar. et Kir. is a source of sesquiterpene lactone arglabin, which has antitumor, radiosensitizing and immunomodulatory activity. Studying the biosynthesis of arglabin and its derivatives will allow us to develop the biotechnological basis for its production, thereby increasing its availability. The precursor to most sesquiterpene lactones is costunolide. The purpose of these studies was to detect and...
Vegetative propagation of Echinops giganteus using stem and root cuttings
April 2021
Echinops giganteus (Asteraceae) is a shrub native to Cameroon. As part of a recovery effort focused on Echinops giganteus, a vegetative propagation technique was developed. Plants were vegetatively propagated in and out of a non-midst propagator, juvenile stem and root cuttings from the nursery and plant growth regulator hormones of concentrations: 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8 and 10 g/L. The effect of the cutting positions...
Impact of pesticides on the growth of Coriandrum sativum
January 2020
Pest management is a severe constraint in agriculture as pests decrease the plant yield, productivity and also act as vectors causing various plant diseases. Pesticides are used to devour pests; however, irrational usage results in adverse impacts on the ecosystem. The present investigation was aimed to study the effects of fenvalerate, cypermethrin and chlorpyriphos on the growth of Coriandrum sativum for 35 days until...
Comparative qualitative phytochemical analysis of oil, juice and dry forms of garlic (Allium sativum) and different varieties of onions (Allium cepa) consumed in Makurdi metropolis
January 2020
The qualitative phytochemical analysis of oil, juice and dry forms of garlic and three species of onions (red, brown and white onions) was investigated. Samples of fresh and dried garlic, red, brown and white onions were prepared and analyzed. All the samples were analyzed for the presence of phytochemicals which include saponins, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, triterpenoids, cardiac glycosides, steroids and alkaloids....
Haulm application and dipping treatments of gibberellic acid on tuber dormancy breaking and sprout induction of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in Central Highlands of Ethiopia
January 2020
Potato, an important food and nutrition security can be produced two or more times in a year in Ethiopia. It plays an important role in human diet and a source of income for smallholder farmers. However, its productivity is low owing to limited availability of planting materials and poor tuber sprouting of improved varieties. Lack of quality seed is a major problem affecting expansion of potato production. The...
Phosphates solubilizing bacteria like promoter’s agent of cocoa-tree growth and biocontrol of Phytophthora megakarya Brasier and M.J. Griffin, agent of black pod disease
July 2019
Black pod is an important fungal disease of Theobroma cacao L. which causes significant yield losses in the field and consequently, inhibits the growth and development of the plant. For this purpose, the objective of this work was to evaluate the impact of phosphates solubilizing bacteria on growth of cocoa-tree and the biocontrol of Phytophthora megakarya, which is the most aggressive agent of black pod disease. Five...
Effect of salt stress on flowering, fructification and fruit nutrients concentration in a local cultivar of chili pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.)
June 2019
Salt stress is one of the major environmental constraints limiting agricultural productivity and influencing the concentration of bioactive compounds of vegetables. In this study, we assessed the effect of NaCl salt stress on flowering, fructification and fruit nutritional quality of a local cultivar of chili pepper. The experiment was carried out in a screen house as a completely randomized design (CRD) with three...
Cytokinin levels and expression profiles of cytokinin metabolic genes in late stage maize kernels
October 2018
Cytokinins (CK) are key determinants of seed size and their level can impact crop yield. The biological activities and chemistry of cytokinins are well defined but less is known about their molecular mode of action during maize kernel development, especially in late stage kernels. To understand the regulation of cytokinin levels at late stage kernel development, we examined the levels of active and inactive cytokinins...
Effects of salinity stress on growth in relation to gas exchanges parameters and water status in amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus)
August 2018
Salinity is a major detrimental abiotic factor for plant growth. The main purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of different NaCl concentrations on growth and some physiological parameters related to gas exchanges and water relations in amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus) plants. Three weeks old amaranth plants from the cultivar ‘Locale’ were exposed in nutrient solution to 0, 30 or 90 mM NaCl...
Estimation of auxins and cytokinins requirements in sugarcane soma clones for effective in vitro regeneration procedure
March 2018
Three sugarcane varieties were used in this experiment to optimize specific plant hormones. The present work was conducted in 2014 at Nuclear Institute of Agriculture (NIA), Tando jam. The experiment was designated with three sugarcane varieties (NIA-2012, NIA-105 and GULABI-95) obtained from Nuclear Institute of Agriculture (NIA) Tando jam. Regeneration of plantlets was compared under different concentration of auxins...
Allelopathic effects of alkaloid fraction of Crotalaria retusa Linn on growth and some biochemical parameters of bean seedlings (Phaseolus vulgaris
February 2018
The study investigated the potentials of alkaloidal fraction of leaf and stem of Crotalaria retusa with a view to understanding its mechanism of allelopathy in bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) seedlings. The study involved collection of C. retusa (leaves and stems), identification, dried, pulverized and extracted with methanol to yield methanolic extract (MECR). Crude alkaloid fraction was prepared from MECR by a procedure...
Effect of jasmonic acid on some biochemical and physiological parameters in salt-stressed Brassica napus seedlings
August 2017
The present study demonstrated the effect of jasmonic acid (JA) on pigments and vitamins involved in photosynthesis or other metabolic activities during salt stress in Brassica napus L. Exposure to different concentrations of NaCl decreased pigments such as total chlorophyll, β-carotene, and lycopene to significant low levels but interestingly salinity increased total protein of B. napus L. seedlings, which was...
Identification of Pisum sativum L. cytokinin and auxin metabolic and signaling genes, and an analysis of their role in symbiotic nodule development
June 2017
The present work was designed to study the role of the phytohormones, cytokinin and auxin, in the symbiosis development between pea Pisum sativum L. and Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae. To achieve this aim, the temporal expression patterns of the genes related to the cytokinin and auxin biosynthesis, perception, and response were studied. It was found that most of these genes showed specific transcriptional...
Breeding of parental and tolerant hybrids of Theobroma cacao L. to Phytophthora megakarya Bras. and Griff.
May 2017
The development of resistant varieties can be done according to a genetic approach. Estimation of genetic parameters for the quantitative traits of cocoa genotypes (Theobroma cacao L.) was made from a 5 × 5 diallel mating design. The objective of this study was to identify tolerant genotypes to black pod disease (BPD) through genetic analyzes. The inoculation of the leaves of parental cocoa genotypes and their...
Biochemical and physiological constituents and their correlation in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes under high temperature at different development stages
April 2017
Wheat is the most popular and staple food for millions of people. It is severely affected by heat stress in many countries. Vegetative growth and reproductive phases in wheat differ in their sensitivity to temperature. Heat tolerant (GW-190) and Heat susceptible (J-2010-11) genotypes grown up to tillering and grain filling stages and Heat treatments (40°C and 45°C for 2h and 4h) were given using Heating House....
Influence of the position of flowers buds on the tree on somatic embryogenesis of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.)
August 2016
The recalcitrance of Theobroma cacao L. to somatic embryogenesis, due to non-adapted physiological and metabolical responses to environmental stress, limits its propagation. The present work aims to ameliorate somatic embryogenesis in T. cacao throughout a physiological approach. For this purpose, the influence of the position of flowers buds used as explants was evaluated. Flowers buds were collected from different...
Evaluating postharvest characteristics of Apantu (Local False Horn) plantain for harvest indices determination
July 2016
Plantain (Musa sp., genome AAB) is a major locally grown starchy staple food highly consumed by Ghanaians with a per capita consumption of 84.4 kg. However, the maturity index of the fruit has been dependent on various characteristics including angularity, fruit tip drying, etc. A physiological study was conducted on the fruit characteristics of Apantu at harvest to determine the appropriate maturity index to be used by...
Effect of production sites and seed age on seed quality parameters of malt barley (Hordium vulgare L.) varieties
December 2015
Quality malt barley production, processing and marketing had paid a greater degree of attention among farmers, traders, malting and brewing factories in Ethiopia. there is no quantified research information available on effect of production sites, seed ageing and potential varietal differences in meet up basic seed and grain quality standards for malt. Hence, this study was designed to evaluate the effect of production...
Alteration in photosynthetic pigments, osmolytes and antioxidants in imparting copper stress tolerance by exogenous jasmonic acid treatment in Cajanus cajan
May 2015
Jasmonic acid regulates various abiotic stress responses but its role in regulation of copper (Cu) homeostasis has been poorly studied. This present study was conducted to explore the potential of jasmonic acid (JA) to enhance copper (Cu) tolerance in Cajanus cajan seedlings in terms of photosynthetic pigments, osmolytes and antioxidants. Seeds treated with different concentration (0, 1 µM, 1 nM and 1 pM) of JA...
The physiological and chemical response of stone fruit rootstocks (Prunus L.) to sulphur application under two different soil textures
April 2015
A pot experiment was conducted during 2014 seasons at the field of Seed and Plant Institute, Karaj, Iran, to study the effect of sulphur application (with and without thiobacillus) on the physiological and chemical response of stone fruit rootstocks (Prunus L.) including "Myrobalan","GF 677", "Penta" and peach seedling rootstock (native) grown on two selected calcareous and alkaline (with...
Effect of cassava brown streak disease (CBSD) on cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) root storage components, starch quantities and starch quality properties
April 2015
Effect of cassava brown streak disease on cassava root storage components were studied on four Ugandan varieties with varying levels of tolerance. Significant differences (P<0.05) were observed with reductions of 30% in amylose content and 50% in amylopectin content of diseased compared to healthy plots. Average dry matter content of diseased plots was 25% higher as much as starch yield and starch content reduced by...
Effect of different seed priming treatments and priming duration on biochemical parameters and agronomic characters of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.)
March 2015
Maintaining optimum plant population is an important factor in maximizing crop production and productivity. Establishment of okra in the field could be improved by applying suitable priming treatment to seeds. The present investigation was undertaken to find out the effect of seed priming treatments and soaking durations on biochemical parameters and agronomic characters of okra seeds. Okra seeds primed with three...
Bio-physiological response of biofilter algal candidate Ulva sp. to different nitrogen forms and fluxes
December 2014
The present study was carried out to study the long term effect of different nitrogen forms and concentrations (14.3, 28.6 and 57.1 µM N-NH4 and 214, 2360 and 3700 µM N-NO3) on the photosynthesis and relative growth rate (RGR) of Ulva sp. for five weeks. Nutrient-enriched seawater was supplied at an exchange rate of between 12.6 and 14.4 volumes per day. Relative growth rate was determined weekly....
The determination of vitamin C, total phenol and antioxidant activity of some commonly cooking spices crops used in West Bengal
July 2014
In the present study, vitamin C, total phenols and antioxidant activity of some common cooking spices crops used in West Bengal were analyzed. Ten (10) spices (onion, chilli, garlic, ginger, turmeric, mustard seed, cumin seed, clove, cardamom and cassia leaf) were selected in order to determine the concentration of ascorbic acid (AA), total phenol (TP) and antioxidant activity as DPPH radical scavenging activity...
Comparative changes in metabolism of Vigna radiata by foliar and root application of brassinolide at different concentrations
June 2014
The present study shows the effect of the foliar and root application of brassinolide on growth and metabolism of Vigna radiata. For this purpose, three concentrations of brassinolide (1, 0.01 and 0.0001 ppm) were applied on the plant. Brassinolide (BL) solutions were applied as foliar and root treatments for 21 days after sowing (DAS). Samples were collected after two and four weeks of treatments. Content of total...
The physiological and behavioural responses of argan seedlings (Argania spinosa (L.) Skeels) to water stress in the semi-arid Western Algeria
June 2014
This paper presents the behavior, morpho-physiological and biochemical responses of argan seedlings to three water regimes at 30, 60 and 100% of field capacity. Based on the results of the growth parameters, we use the best result obtained from height growth. The increase in the number of leaves and thorns is obtained in seedlings subjected to water stress levels of about 60 and 100% against the application of a severe...
Antioxidant defence mechanisms in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under copper and arsenic toxicity
May 2014
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the oldest pulse crops cultivated from ancient time both in Asia and Europe. India is the largest producer of chickpea in the world, sharing 65 and 70% of production and total global area, respectively. The inhibition of plant growth and crop productivity by excess heavy metals is a global agricultural problem. Therefore, a pot experiment was conducted at wire house of the...
Interactive effects of virus and Rhizobium inocula on nodulation, growth and yield of cowpea
April 2014
The effect of separately inoculating cowpea cultivars, ‘Ife brown” (IF) and “Owode” (OW) with Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus (CABMV), Cowpea yellow mosaic virus (CYMV) and Rhizobium IRc 284(RH-284) on nodulation was investigated. Also, the effect of inoculating the cowpea cultivars with RH-284 on the severity of infection caused by the viruses was studied. The interactive effects of inoculating...
The effects of zinc (Zn) and C14-indoleacetic acid (IAA) on leaf senescence ın Helıanthus annuus L.
April 2014
Sequential leaf senescence is defined as a kind of programmed death events which is an important process in growth of plant. This study aimed to explore the sequential leaf senescence rate due to indoleacetic acid and lack of zinc (-Zn). Therefore, the effect of zinc and indole-3-acetic acid on senescence which occurs in Helianthus annuus (sunflower) cotyledons was analyzed. It was found that in cotyledons of seedlings...
Changes in antioxidants and pungency in response to foliar applications of Mn and Fe in onion
February 2014
The aim of the present work was to study the changes in antioxidants and pungency in response to foliar applications of Mn [manganese: Mn1(0%); Mn2(0.5%); Mn3(1.0%)] and Fe [iron: Fe1(0%); Fe2(0.5%); Fe3(1.0%)] in onion genotype Sukhsagar (Allium cepa L.); a field experiment in factorial randomized block design with three replications was conducted in research farm of Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Kalyani,...
Growth and photosynthesis response of the green alga, Picochlorum oklahomensis to iron limitation and salinity stress
January 2014
The extreme environment of the Great Salt Plains (GSP) results in low algal biomass, such that natural selection is likely driven by survival of multiple abiotic stresses rather than rapid growth and biotic interactions. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of combined salinity stress and iron limitation on growth and photosynthesis in the green alga, Picochlorum oklahomensis isolated from the GSP...
Responses of grapevine rootstocks to drought stress
January 2014
Drought response of rootstocks is important for overall viticulture as a result of increase in water scarcity due to climate change and irrigation limitations in winegrowing region. Grapevines are generally well-adapted to arid and semi-arid climates, and they appear to primarily rely on drought avoidance mechanisms in water stress situations. In terms of the response of the grapevine to drought conditions, rootstock...
Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) in leaves of a common weed Commelina nudiflora L.
November 2013
Survey of weed flora of Baramati region has revealed that Commelina nudiflora L. is a dominant weed among common weeds in croplands and fallow lands. In order to ascertain the survival potential of C. nudiflora some photosynthetic parameters along with water relations of this plant were investigated. Baramati region is a drought prone hot semi-arid area in Pune, Maharashtra. C. nudiflora,...
Chemical analysis of leaves of Abrus precatorius
November 2013
Leaves of Abrus precatorius are sweet and traditionally used to treat cough, malaria, snake bites and boils. This study evaluates the proximate and mineral composition of A. precatorius, and establishes the best solvent for the extraction of the sweet component of the leaves, by performing organoleptic test on the extract of different solvents, under different temperature conditions. The proximate...
Role of gibberellic acid (GA3) in improving salt stress tolerance of two wheat cultivars
October 2013
Several environmental factors adversely affect plant growth and development and final yield performance of a crop. Drought, salinity, nutrient imbalances and extremes of temperature are among the major environmental constraints to crop productivity worldwide. Gibberellic acid (GA3)treatment has alleviated the drastic effect of salinity in growth parameters (leaf area, dry weight of grains and photosynthetic...
The physiological response of wheat plants to exogenous application of gibberellic acid (GA3) or indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) with endogenous ethylene under salt stress conditions
October 2013
Wheat (Triticum vulgaris) plants were grown without NaCl and under salinization levels of NaCl. Salinity decreased the fresh, dry matter, water content, length and leaf area. Phytohormonal treatments with gibberellic acid (GA3) or indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) caused a marked increase in these parameters; GA3 was more effective than IAA. This activation was concomitant with the increase of osmotically active solutes,...
The potential of Moringa oleifera extract as a biostimulant in enhancing the growth, biochemical and hormonal contents in rocket (Eruca vesicaria subsp. sativa) plants
September 2013
Moringa oleifera is a highly valued plant, distributed in many countries of the tropics and subtropics. It has an impressive range of medicinal uses and high nutritional value. Accordingly, rocket (Eruca vesicaria subsp. sativa) plants were foliar sprayed with the aqueous extracts of leaves and twigs of M. oleifera at rates of 1, 2 and 3%. Among these concentrations, fertilization of rocket plants with 2%...
Effects of 28-homobrassinolide on growth, photosynthesis and essential oil content of Satureja khuzestanica
September 2013
Brassinosteroids are a group of plant hormones that have significant biological effects on plant growth and development. The effects of 28-homobrassinolide (HBR) on growth, photosynthesis, chlorophyll content, carbohydrate fractions and essential oil content of savory herbs (Satureja khuzestanica Jamzad) were investigated. Foliar application of 28-homobrassinolide at 10-10, 10-8and 10-6 M...
Changes in some biochemical characteristics in response to foliar applications of chelator and micronutrients in green pungent pepper
February 2013
In order to study the changes in some biochemical characteristics in response to foliar applicationsof chelator [humic acid: HA1 (0%) and HA2 (0.05%)] and micronutrients [manganese: Mn1 (0%); Mn2 (0.05%) and molybdenum: Mo1 (0%); Mo2 (0.01%)] in green pungent pepper cv. Bullet (Capsicum annum L.), a pot experiment in factorial randomized block design with three replications was...
Vegetation types and rangeland species nutritional values and forage quality indicators at various phonological stages
February 2013
Information on different rangeland plants’ nutritive values at various growth stages is important in rangelands management. This information helps rangeland managers to choose proper grazing times to achieve higher animal performance without detrimental effects on the rangeland vegetations. Effects of various plant parts’ growth stages and vegetation types on reserve carbohydrates and forage quality...
Cyanamide in plant metabolism
January 2013
The calcium (Ca)-cyanamide is a nitrogen fertilizer with herbicide and fungicide side effects. Hydrogen cyanamide is absorbed as a molecule by roots and shoots of plants. It will be decomposed rapidly by the enzyme cyanamide hydratase to urea followed by urease to ammonium. From cyanamide decomposition mainly glutamate and alanine are built and the basic amino acids such as arginine, lysine and histidine are increased....
Total lipid content in macrophytes of Wular lake, A Ramsar site in Kashmir Himalaya
January 2013
The purpose of this study was to evaluate total lipid content in 15 fresh water macrophytes belonging to four ecological groups and examining the possible variations between the studied periods. The samples were obtained from nine sites throughout the Wular lake, during March to December 2011, spelling four seasons with determinations of lipid content of the aquatic macrophytes. No gross differences in the lipid...
Effect of lead and nickel toxicity on chlorophyll and proline content of Urd (Vigna mungo L.) seedlings
October 2012
The effect of Pb and Ni on chlorophyll a, b, carotenoids and proline content of Black gram (Vigna mungo L.) seedlings were evaluated under 10, 50 and 100 µM concentration. These concentrations significantly affected chlorophyll, carotenoid and proline content of Black gram as compared to control. Pb and Ni at 10 µM concentration resulted in less significant effect on chlorophyll, a, b and carotenoids....
Effects of nitrogen and irrigation interval on broomrape (Orbanche aegyptiaca) damage reduction in host plant (Cucumis sativa L.)
October 2012
In order to study the effects of nitrogen and irrigation interval on broomrape (Orbanche aegyptiaca) damage reduction in cucumber (Cucumis sativa L.), an experiment with two factors, nitrogen (100, 200 and 300 Kg/ha) and irrigation interval (3, 6 and 9 day), in three replications was performed in the greenhouse of Northern Khorasan Agricultural and Natural Resource Research Center. The results obtained show that the...
Induction of a C-repeat binding factor gene by calcium to resist low temperature stress in rice
October 2012
Adaptation to stress is an important phenomenon in plants. C–repeat binding factor (CBF), an Apetela 2 domain transcriptional activator, helps the plant in combating cold stress. Here, we cloned and purified a CBF family gene (OsDREB1B) from Oryza sativa. This gene (OsDREB1B) is induced by calcium in absence of cold. The bioinformatics analysis reveals that the induction of OsDREB1B is probably mediated...
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