Comparative efficacy and cost analysis of albendazole, levamisole, and ivermectin on West African dwarf sheep in Makurdi Benue state Nigeria
March 2024
Helminthosis and helminths resistance to anthelmintic is a great concern in the management of sheep. The efficacy of three different anthelminthics was studied in sheep. Three groups of sheep comprising seven animals each were treated with three different anthelmintics (albendazole, ivermectin and levamisole). Faecal samples were collected from each group before and after treatment. The faecal egg count (FEC) was...
Role of crop diversification on occurrence of sap-sucking insect pests and their associated natural enemies on tomato
February 2024
Tomato production is constrained by arthropod pests and diseases. Among the arthropod pests, sap-sucking insect pests such as whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius 1889)), aphids (Aphis spp.) and Thrips sp. are the insect pests of economic importance in the study area. The overall result indicated that intercropping significantly reduced the population of these insect pests compared to sole tomato. The most effective...
Molecular identification of Metarhabditis rainai (Nematoda: Rhabditidae) infecting fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on maize in Ghana
January 2024
The primary management strategy against the invasive fall armyworm (FAW) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on maize in Ghana involves the application of synthetic insecticides. However, this approach has raised concerns related to human, animal and ecological health, prompting the exploration of alternative, environmentally friendly management strategies. Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) have shown efficacy against FAW and...
Cannibalism and necrophagy in Spodoptera frugiperda and Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
July 2023
For many years it has been known that cannibalism is a natural phenomenon in insects and has been documented in many insect orders including Lepidoptera. The present study was conducted to determine cannibalistic behavior amongst same-age 2nd, 4th and 5th instar stages of larval Spodotera frugiperda (FAW), Spodotera littoralis (CLW) or when both are combined together under laboratory conditions. The FAW larvae had a...
Composition and termidicidal activity of essential oils of Ritchiea reflexa (Thonn.) Gilg & Benedict and Ctenium elegans Kunth. against Amitermes evuncifer Silvestri, 1912
May 2022
Leaves of Ritchiea reflexa (Thonn.) Gilg & Benedict and aerial parts of Ctenium elegans (Kunth, 1829) were steam distillated to obtain their respective essential oils. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to characterize essential oil components. The susceptibility of these volatile oils on Amitermes evuncifer (Silvestri, 1912) was tested using contact test with washer of filter paper inside Petri...
Do non-diapausing insects respond to different photoperiods: Spodoptera littoralis?
September 2021
Photoperiod is a great factor in determining the developmental pattern (continued development vs. suspended development, this is, diapause) of many insect pests. The cotton leaf worm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) is non-diapaused insect. Knowledge about how developmental pathway of S. littoralis responds to photoperiod is necessary for mass rearing of the pest and its parasitoids and may suggest new control...
Preliminary studies on cowpea genotypes resistance to Callosobruchus maculatus F. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in Ethiopia
June 2021
Cowpea is one of the few legumes which adapt well in warm semi-arid and arid climate conditions making it a potential crop for farmers living in dry area of Ethiopia. Since Ethiopia is considered as secondary center of genetic diversity for cowpea, Ethiopian national lowland pulses research program had made effort in the collection of cowpea landraces from different parts of Ethiopia and identified production...
Bovine Trypanosomosis and Tsetse Fly Densities during the wet humid period in Loka Abaya District of Sidama National Regional State, Southern Ethiopia
January 2021
The study was carried from October-December 2018 in the wet humid periods using a Cross-sectional study design to determine the prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis and the major species of trypanosomes and to identify the associated risk factors for the disease in selected localities of Loka abaya district. Blood sample collected from 384 randomly selected cattle to measure Packed Cell Volume (PCV). The buffy coat...
Genetic diversity of four populations of honey bee, Apis mellifera (Linnaeus, 1758) from two vegetation zones in Nigeria
January 2021
Genetic diversity of four populations of honey bee, Apis mellifera from two vegetation zones in Nigeria namely; southwest rainforest and northcentral derived savanna was analysed using fifteen morphometric characters and five microsatellite loci. Discriminant function analysis (DFA) of the morphometric data revealed a considerable variation of morphological characters between the sampled localities while Principal...
Effect of cowpea cultivar, planting date and application of insecticide in the management of cowpea insect pests in South Eastern Sierra Leone
May 2020
Cowpea (Vigna unguiulata) is attacked by a wide spectrum of insect pests that ravages the crop in the field at different growing stages sometimes resulting in complete crop failure. In order to reduce insect pest damage, increase cowpea seed yield and reduce the indiscriminate use of insecticide, it was necessary to conduct an experiment geared towards integrating cowpea cultivar with date of planting alongside minimal...
Control potential of some indigenous biochars against meloidogyne incognita [(Kofoid and White) Chitwood] in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
May 2020
The use of biochar has been shown to suppress populations of soil-borne pathogens. Hence it has been promoted as one of the eco-friendly alternatives to synthetic pesticides. In the current study, the effects of different sources of indigenous biochar on Meloidogyne incognita and overall growth and yield of tomato were evaluated under screenhouse condition in 2016 and 2017. A total of 10 treatments were evaluated in the...
Management of Plodia interpunctella (hübner) [Lepidoptera: pyralidae] using ethanolic oil extract of Plumbago zeylanica (LINN.)
January 2020
This study investigated the insecticidal effects of ethanolic oil extract of Plumbago zeylanica against Plodia interpunctella infestation in stored maize grains. Oils from the plant were administered at 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25% concentrations to maize grains inside plastic containers. The treated samples were air-dried for 3 h. The three developmental stages of the moth (egg, larval and adult) were separately introduced...
Effect of integrating entomopathogenic fungi and botanical extracts against Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia Mordvilko (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in West Showa, Ethiopia
January 2020
Ethiopia is the only country in Sub-Saharan Africa where smallholder wheat production meets more than 70% of the national consumption demand. Russian wheat aphid (RWA; Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is one of the major insect pests of wheat throughout the world including in Ethiopia. Wheat yield loss due to RWA damage in Ethiopia was estimated to be 70%. Therefore, the present study was carried...
Persistent of low-level diapause and generation effect in Microplitis rufiventris wasps under mass rearing conditions
January 2020
The solitary endoparasitoid, Microplitis ruï¬ventris is considered one of the principal wasps on the cotton leaf moth, Spodoptera littoralis larvae. It has a strange sort of obligate diapause. The data present an evidence of persistent low-level diapause throughout the year and every year that observed under mass rearing conditions. When continuous rearing was done throughout the year at 25°C and 12/12 h L/D, a...
Infestation rate of Mangifera indica fruit fly in Sudanese zone of Mali
January 2020
Mali has a potential for mango production across the country. However, this plant is facing phytosanitary problems mainly related to fruit flies. The study was conducted to evaluate the infestation rate of fruit flies on mango varieties in Sudanese zone of Mali (Kati). Stung mangoes were weekly collected from three sites. Fruits were weighted and placed inside plastic bags containing sand to the monitor larva...
Preliminary evaluation of the effect of three rates of ground leaves and fruits powders of Myristica fragrans on Meloidogyne incognita infecting sunflower in vivo
October 2019
Three rates of ground leaves and fruits powders of Myristica fragrans (5, 10 and 20 g/pot) were evaluated for their nematicidal effect against M. incognita infecting sunflower plants under greenhouse conditions. Results indicated that all tested applications significantly enhanced sunflower plant growth characters. Moreover, all tested treatments significantly gave better results with a significant correlation...
Characterization of the Soil Nematode Fauna of Makerere Hill, Kampala, Uganda
October 2019
Soil nematode faunal analysis is necessary to ascertain the health status of the soil ecosystem. Composite soil samples were taken at designated sites; A, B, C and D from the Makerere Hill area, Kampala and analyzed to characterize the nematode fauna status. Soil samples were collected vertically at 0-5 cm, 5-10 cm and 10-15 cm core depths with a 5 cm wide soil auger. A total of 7,900 nematodes were collected from...
Notice of Retraction: Electromagnetic radiation (EMR) clashes with honeybees
July 2019
The editors of the Journal of Entomology and Nematology (JEN) are retracting the article, “Electromagnetic radiation (EMR) clashes with honeybees” published in 2012 (Vol. 4(1), pp. 1-3, January 2012). This is informed by the multiple publication of the article under different titles in other journals (http://ipublishing.co.in/jesvol1no12010/EIJES2044.pdf;...
A survey of geographical distribution and host range of white mango scale, Aulacaspis tubercularis Newstead (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) in Western Ethiopia
July 2019
White mango scale (WMS) is a sucking insect which poses severe threat to mango plantation. A survey of the distribution and host range of WMS, Aulacaspis tubercularis was conducted in western Ethiopia from May 10, 2016 to July 15, 2016. The surveys were started from Loko village, the focus of its first record, and extended over series of mango farms in the four cardinal directions. This study showed that WMS has already...
Seasonal pattern of Bancroftian Filariasis transmission in Ebonyi State, Nigeria
June 2019
Bancroftian filariasis in Nigeria is endemic with 22.1% of the population thought to be infected. The main mosquito genera implicated with Wuchereria bancrofti transmission are Anopheles and Culex. The study was carried out to compare the infectivity rates of the vectors between the high transmission (rainy) and the low transmission (dry) seasons. Mosquitoes were sampled from houses and compared from six sentinel...
Effects of neem leaf extracts on Lepidopteran pest species attacking Solanum macrocarpon L. (Solanaceae) in southern Togo
June 2019
Lepidopteran pests cause considerable damage to Solanum macrocarpon Linnaeus (Solanaceae). Their control by the use of botanical extracts is a promising alternative to improper use of chemical insecticides. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of three doses of leaf extract of the neem tree, Azadirachta indica Adrien-Henri de Jussieu (Meliaceae) against Lepidopteran pest species that attack S....
Geomorphologic and allometric variations in the populations of adult cocoa moth, Ephestia cautella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) from Southwestern Nigeria
May 2019
Damage by the tropical warehouse moth, Ephestia cautella (Walker) to stored plant products especially dried cocoa beans is enormous. This is expressed in holing with frass and webbing of the beans leading to nutritional loss; turning the valuable commodity into powder and reducing the value in the export-import market. Effective management of the pest is contingent upon correct identification and bioecological...
Evaluation of residual effects of lambdacyhalothrin WP10 in different surfaces against Anopheles stephensi, in a malarious area, southern Iran
May 2019
Malaria is major vector-borne diseases in southern Iran. The main activity of vector control is indoor residual spraying using pyrethrpids. The study was conducted to evaluate the biological assays of lambdacyhalothrin WP10 at different surfaces of wall. The persistency of lambdacyhalothrin WP10 at 25 mg/m2 was studied on different local surfaces of rooms such as plaster and mud surfaces (sorbent) as well as...
Induction of tomato plants resistance to Meloidogyne incognita infection by mineral and nano-fertilizer
February 2019
Nutrients are vital for plant growth as well as disease severity and control. Utilization of nanotechnologies in agriculture sectors is expected to be the ideal material to enhance plant resistance after perception of specific biotic or abiotic signals commonly referred to as induced resistance. Three mineral and nano-fertilizer particles were examined for their efficacy as a soil amendment in controlling the root knot...
Effect of azadirachtin pre-treatment on major pests, diseases and yield of seed yam
February 2019
Pests and diseases infested material of seed yams have led to sub optimal yield levels. Neem was applied as substitute for chemical pesticides and as environmentally safe bio-pesticide to reduce the crops annual loss due to herbivore pests and their resulting diseases. Field trials were conducted during the 2016 and 2017 major planting seasons in four communities each of Ejura-Sekyedumase and Atebubu-Amantin districts...
Entomopathogenic nematodes, potential industrial pest control agents: A South African perspective
January 2019
Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are obligate parasites to insects. They are natural enemies of numerous insects, which employ mutually related bacterial symbionts to rapidly kill their insect host. They are among the frequently used beneficial biocontrol agents of numerous insect pests in agriculture, forestry and health. These EPNs are continuing to constitute a great deal of interest for both scientists and...
Faunal survey of the termites of the genus Macrotermes (Isoptera: Termitidae) of Ethiopia
October 2018
To date Macrotermes subhyalinus and Macrotermes herus are the only two species of termites of the genus Macrotermes recorded in Ethiopia. The description given to them in terms of distribution and their mound morphology is contrary to the literature and the species checklist is not exhaustive. This paper compares mound distribution and dimensions in Western, Central, and Southern Ethiopia and provides species checklist...
Determination of the larvicidal activity of benzoyl thiosemicarbazone and its Ni(II) complex against Aedes aegypti and Anopheles darlingi larvae in Amazonas, Brazil
August 2018
Due to the resistance of some mosquitoes to pyrethroids insecticides, new synthetic compounds are of great interest for the development of new insecticides against vectors of tropical diseases, especially in the Amazon region. Our aim was to synthesize and evaluate the larvicidal potential of benzoyl thiosemicarbazone and its Ni(II) complex against larvae of Aedes aegypti............ and Anopheles...
Tomato Leaf miner (Tuta absoluta) (Meyrick 1917) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) prevalence and farmer management practices in Kirinyanga County, Kenya
August 2018
Pest invasion is one of the limiting factors affecting food production. Tomato leaf miner (Tuta absoluta) (Meyrick 1917) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), is an invasive insect pest of tomato. However, In Kenya, there is limited information on the level of invasion of the pest in tomato producing areas in the country. We assessed the level of invasion of T. absoluta and farmer management practices in Kirinyaga County. Tomato...
Screen house management of Meloidogyne javanica (Treub) in UC82B Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) with leaf extract of Jatropha curcas
June 2018
Screen house experiment to determine the effect of the aqueous leaf extract of Jatropha on the control of Meloidogyne javanica infections on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) was conducted at Federal College of Agriculture, Ishiagu in, 2016. UC82B tomato was used as the test crop. The test crop was planted in pots filled with 5 kg sterilized soil. Each pot was inoculated with 3000 M. javanica eggs collected from the...
Acaricidal effect of essential oil of Clausena anisata (Rutaceae) on larvae of three tick species: Amblyomma variegatum, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) decoloratus and Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus
May 2018
Control measures of livestock ticks based on chemicals has become worrisome because of the development of resistance, especially in the case of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. It has become imperative to search for alternative tick control methods. Thus, the toxicity of the essential oil of Clausena anisata was evaluated on larvae of Amblyomma variegatum, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus and Rhipicephalus...
Moderate grazing impacts on insect-flower interactions in grasslands in a biodiversity hotspot
April 2018
Transformation of natural landscapes is the leading cause of global biodiversity decline. This is often exacerbated through anthropogenic activities that result in the alteration of natural ecosystem. Displacement of local species is characteristics of this process and this is of negative consequence especially for species in mutualism. In this study, how grazing and mowing activities influence flower-insect...
Integration of botanicals and inert dusts with resistant varieties against Sitophilus zeamais (Motsch.) of stored maize (Zea mays) in Ethiopia
March 2018
Dosage rates of 0.625, 1.25 and 2.5% of the leaves powder of Calpurnia aurea and Milletia ferruginea, and red and white inert dusts that were admixed with the 100 g of three resistance maize varieties were tested as protectant against maize weevils under laboratory condition. Significantly (p < 0.05) higher parental adult weevil’s mortality were recorded in all treatments of integration than untreated check at...
Leguminous crops as an alternative rotation with tobacco to control Meloidogyne javanica
January 2018
Root-knot nematodes cause substantial economic yield loss in tobacco production and many other crops in the world. Their control has been achieved for decades by use of chemical nematicides. However, concern for the environment has led to the banning and phasing out of some effective chemical nematicides. The use of crop rotation is one of the environmentally friendly and sustainable management strategies for managing...
New records of Aphelinidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) from Morocco and comparison with North Africa region fauna
December 2017
A survery of Aphelinidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) species associated with crop and forest pests in Morocco was conducted during 2012-2014, using Malaise trap and completed by a bibliographical research. Based on examination of all the available data and captured specimens, 34 confirmed species in total included 20 genera divided into four subfamilies of Aphelinidae as listed in Morocco. Two new Aphelinidae species...
Reaction of sweet potato genotypes to sweet potato weevils (Cylas puncticollis (boheman) and Alcidodes dentipes (olivier), coleoptera: curculionidae) and viruses in Eastern Hararge, Oromiya, Ethiopia
November 2017
Nineteen sweet potato genotypes were screened for tolerance against sweet potato weevils and viruses at different locations of Eastern Hararge. Disease incidence and weevil population was assessed using standard procedures. Results of this study revealed that sweet potato weevils (SPW) and sweet potato virus diseases (SPVD) were present in studied area varied among sweet potato genotypes. Genotypes; Awassa-83, Bekale-A,...
Description of the molecular profiles of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in different crops and locations in Brazil
September 2017
The Whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) causes damages to crops by feeding and/or transmitting various plant pathogenic viruses. Morphologically indistinguishable populations of B. tabaci can exhibit variable molecular features and biological behavior. The objective of this work was to present the molecular profile and genetic variability of B. tabaci collected from several crops and localities...
Growth and reproductive performance of Eisenia fetida in three varieties of flower (rose, carnation and hypericum) leftovers
July 2017
Understanding the growth and reproductive efficiency of vermicomposting worms in various substrates is highly essential for effective utilization of earthworms in sustainable waste management system. The growth and reproductive performance of Eisenia fetida in rose, hypericum and carnation flower wastes was evaluated in this microcosm study. Determination of cocoon production rate, hatching success, number of hatchling,...
Acaricidal activity of Chrozophora oblongifolia on the two spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch
June 2017
The acaricidal activity of Chrozophora oblongifolia (Delile) Spreng. (Euphorbiaceae) extracts collected from Dakhla Oasis, Western Desert of Egypt was examined against larvae and adult females of Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae). Acaricidal activity-guided isolation of methylene chloride, ethyl acetate, butanol fractions resulted in separation and identification of p-hydroxybenzaldehyde (1),...
Pathophysiological effects of Neem (Azadirachta indica) derivatives to Rhipicephalus appendiculatus, the tick vector for Theileriosis (East Coast Fever)
June 2017
The effects of 2 Neem derivatives, Neem oil (NO) and Neem Seed Powder (NSP), on various physiological parameters of the brown ear tick, Rhipicephalus appendiculatus, the vector for Theileria parva. Neem oil was applied on rabbit ears using a fine brush, whereas NSP was mixed with rabbit pellets at various concentrations and fed on goats on which various instars of the tick were allowed to feed. Tick larvae smeared with...
Effects of crude extracts of medicinal plants in the management of Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) under laboratory and glasshouse conditions in Ethiopia
May 2017
Tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) is a devastating pest of tomato originating from South America which has been recorded in Ethiopia throughout tomato growing areas since 2012. The larvae damages the above ground parts of the plant especially leaf and fruits from seedling stage to maturity. Studies were conducted between 2015 and 2016 for two seasons to screen medicinal plants for the management of T. absoluta...
The electron microscopic examination of fungal distortions in the adult red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum H. (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
April 2017
The red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum) is one of the main pests infecting cereals and causes damage to stored grains. Many pests, including beetles, are susceptible to infection by naturally occurring insect-pathogenic fungi (entomopathogenic fungi). In the present study, wheat flour collected from the local markets in the Jazan region of Saudi Arabia and dead bodies of T. castaneum adults were separated. The fungi...
Molecular characterization and evaluation of indigenous entomopathogenic fungal isolates against Sorghum Chafer, Pachnoda interrupta (Olivier) in Ethiopia
November 2016
Sorghum chafer, Pachnoda interrupta (Olivier) is a damaging pest of sorghum, other cereals and horticultural crops in Africa which results in complete crop loss. Currently, the management strategies rely heavily on chemical pesticides, which do not provide effective control. There is evidence showing that microbial biocontrol agents have the potential to control P. interrupta. In this study, the entomopathogenic...
Mapping the occurrence and density of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil
October 2016
The species Helicoverpa armigera is one of the most important polyphagous and widely distributed pests in the world. Its occurrence was recently reported on soybean and cotton, in the states of Goiás, Mato Grosso and Bahia, Brazil. This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence and density of Helicoverpa armigera in Mato Grosso do Sul State, an important pest for agriculture and identified in Brazil in 2013. 81...
Myrmecofauna of cocoa trees infested by Loranthaceae genus Phragmanthera in Sodecao seed fields of Nkoemvone (South of Cameroon)
June 2016
The present study was carried out in order to identify the ant fauna of cocoa fields leeched by Loranthaceae, genus Phragmanthera in Nkoemvone seed farms in the South region of Cameroon. The collection of ants was conducted between November 2013 and January 2014. A total of 15 ant species divided into two sub families (Formicinae and Myrmicinae) have been identified, the subfamily of Myrmicinae being the most...
Evaluation of some botanicals and Trichoderma harzianum against root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) Chit wood) in tomato
March 2016
Root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) Chit wood) is one of the major constraints for the successful cultivation of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) in Ethiopia. Among different management strategies, biological control is important in the light of increased awareness of environmental and human health hazards. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different...
Effect of two species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation on development of micro-propagated yam plantlets and suppression of Scutellonema bradys (Tylenchideae)
February 2016
Using two commercially available arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) products, one based on Funneliformis mosseae and the other on Glomus dussii, an experiment was conducted to assess their effect on yam growth and ability to suppress nematode damage in pots. Four yam cultivars (cvs) were used: two Dioscorea alata cvs (TDa98-01183 and TDa98-165), and two Dioscorea rotundata cvs (TDr97-00551 and TDr 745). Micropropagated...
Effect of Cymbopogon citrates (Poaceae) oil and citral on post-embryonic time of blowflies
December 2015
Cymbopogon citratus oil is used in folk medicine asrepellent and insecticide against insects. This study evaluated the insecticidal activity of C. citrates oil extracted from Brazil and Cuba and its main component citral as insecticides against Chrysomya megacephala, Chrysomya putoria and Lucilia cuprina. Variables monitored were:duration of post embryonic development, larval weight (mg), sex ratio, mortality index...
Bioactivity of fractionated indigenous medicinal plant extracts of Phlomis damascena Born. and Ranunculus myosuroides against the cotton whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)
June 2015
Two bioactive methanol (MeOH) extracts of two indigenous medicinal plant species Phlomis damascena Born. and Ranunculus myosuroides Boiss. & Kotschy were tested for insecticidal activity of their fractions against the cotton whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) adults under controlled conditions. This study is within bio-prospection context, in form of utilizing local plant species as an alternative in sustainable...
Haemocytes and protein changes in Schistocerca gregaria after infection with nucleopolyhedrovirus
June 2015
Innate immune response in insects is essential to resist the infections of pathogens. The present study investigates the antiviral immune response against intracellular baculovirus infection in the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria. The desert locust was injected with nuclear polyhedral virus isolated from Spodoptera littoralis larvae collected from cotton and maize field in Giza governorates (SlNPV). Haemolymph was...
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