Effect of sowing dates and nitrogen levels for ethanol production from sweet sorghum stalks and grains
January 2016
Sweet sorghum is being investigated as a feedstock for ethanol production in semi-arid countries. It can be grown with fewer inputs than other energy crops. In Iran, due to long growing season, ethanol is produced from both sweet sorghum stem and grain. In other countries, ethanol is not produced from sweet sorghum grain due to low grain yield or short growing season. The purpose of this study was to maximize ethanol...
Propagation studies in Gloriosa superba
January 2016
Studies on seed germination in glory lily revealed that seeds soaked in hot water for one hour results in maximum germination of 32.75%, with earlier germination (48.35 days) and vigor index (565.92), when compared to other chemical treatments or growth regulator. Effect of certain growth regulators (GA3, Kinetin, Ethrel) on the sprouting of tuber was assessed and ethrel at 500 ppm recorded maximum sprouting percentage...
Rural women’s access to productive resources: Implications for poverty reduction- the case of Gamo Gofa Zone, Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region (SNNPR)
January 2016
Rural areas of Ethiopia strikingly vary in terms of social and economic structure, geography and culture. The same is true for rural women’s participation in productive activities. Likewise rural women of Gamo Gofa Zone are experiencing inadequate right to access different productive resources like land and other resources they require. This study therefore, intends to identify the existing rural women’s...
Effect of tillage method on Fusarium blight severity and yield of soybean in Omu-Aran, Southern Guinea Savannah of Nigeria
January 2016
Fusarium blight of soybean, caused by Fusarium oxysporum is one of the most destructive diseases of the legume. The pathogen is difficult to control owing to its persistence in the soil and wide host range. Soil tillage practice is one of the most important components of cultural soil management techniques that have a great influence on intensity of plant diseases. This study investigated the effect of tillage practice...
Nutrients dynamics in soil solution at the outset of no-till implementation with the use of plant cocktails in Brazilian semi-arid
January 2016
Tillage systems strongly impact nutrient transformations and plant availability. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the impacts of conversion of conventional tillage (CT) to no-till (NT) with a mixture of cover crops and green manure as nutrient uptake in a fertilized melon (Cucumis melon) in a semi-arid region of Brazil. Two fields experimental involved randomized blocks design, in a split-plot...
Use of kitchen waste based bio-organics for strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch) production
January 2016
Utilization of waste materials is now getting popularity in agriculture production as a part of organic management. In the present experiment liquid manure from kitchen waste along with animal and plant parts was prepared and utilized them for strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch) cv. Sweet Charlie production. The aim of the study was to see the effect of liquid manure on improvement of vegetative growth, yield and...
Silicon and excess ammonium and nitrate in cucumber plants
January 2016
Excess ammonium and nitrate are associated with physiological disorders in plants; however, these disturbances can be minimized with the use of silicon, especially in plants supplied with ammonium. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of silicon on the presence of excess ammonium and nitrate in two cucumber varieties (Cucumis sativus) on physiology and growth of the plants. The experiment was carried...
Ecophysiological and biochemical behavior in young plants of Parkia gigantocarpa Ducke subjected to waterlogging conditions
January 2016
The Parkia gigantocarpa is a neotropical tree that naturally occurs in terra firme forest and floodplain. The aim of the study was to evaluate the physiological and biochemical behavior in young plants of P. gigantocarpa subjected to waterlogging conditions. The waterlogging was imposed at approximately 5 cm above the blade surface of the soil using pots with a capacity of 14 kg of substrate. The experimental design was...
Seedling and adult plant resistance to leaf rust in some Egyptian wheat genotypes
January 2016
Leaf rust of wheat caused by Puccinia triticina Eriks. is one of the most widespread disease in Egypt. In this study, thirteen Egyptian wheat genotypes were evaluated for leaf rust resistance at seedling stage under greenhouse condition and adult plant stage under field conditions over three growing seasons that are, 2011/2012, 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 and three locations that are, Itay El-Baroud and Nubariya...
Quality index method (QIM) and quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) quality indices
January 2016
The aim of this study was to develop specific criteria for evaluating freshness in farmed Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), eviscerated and stored on ice, by employing sensorial, physicochemical and bacteriological analyses. Sensorial analyses were composed of quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) for cooked fish and quality index method (QIM) for raw fish evaluation in samples stored for 22 days. Psychrotrophic...
Nitrogen metabolism in sorghum under salinity and silicon treatments in Brazil
January 2016
The objective of the present research was to study nitrogen metabolism in sorghum plants subjected to salt stress and silicon concentration. The experiment was conducted at the Amazon Federal Rural University, Capitão Poço Decentralized Unit for 1 month, in 2013, using the cultivar BR 700 of forage sorghum plants (Sorghum bicolor [Moench.]). The experimental design was completely randomized, in a 5 ×...
Correlation of viral load with lesion severity in field pigs affected with porcine circovirus type 2
January 2016
Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is an important infection factor causing post weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS). The amount of PCV2 viral load may mainly give rise to clinical symptom and pathological lesion of PMWS. In order to investigate the relationship between PCV2 viral load and the lesion severity of lymph tissues, and search further for some clues of pathologic diagnosis of PMWS, thirty pig cases...
Treatment of sewage sludge with the use of solarization and sanitizing products for agricultural purposes
January 2016
Recycling of sewage sludge for agricultural purposes is recommended as one of the most adequate forms of final disposal of this waste. This study evaluated the effectiveness of solarization combined with chemical treatments by acid and alkali during different periods of cleaning. The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Farm of the Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU) in Uberlândia-MG. The...
Agricultural extension for enhancing productivity and poverty alleviation in small scale irrigation agriculture for sustainable development in Ethiopia
January 2016
The combination of agricultural extension system with small scale irrigation development helps to reduce poverty, and now utmost attention is given to it. Extension system development can increases the production and income of the households and helps to improve their overall economic welfare. This study was conducted to assess the strengths and constraints of the public extension system and to provide suggestions on...
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) hybrid Hermosa indeterminate study of yield and fruit quality under greenhouse conditions responding at organic manure application
January 2016
The organics alternatives in the vegetables production are a strategy to produce free chemical polluted foods that endanger human health. In the present study, the Hermosa indeterminate tomato variety was used and the following treatments were evaluated in a completely randomized design: Compost 2 tons/ha + VAM and BAC + Compost tea 50% (Treatment 1), Compost 4 tons/ha + VAM and BAC + Compost tea 50% (Treatment 2),...
Study of an electromechanical system for solid fertilizer variable rate planting
January 2016
The work aimed to study the behavior of a prototype planted simultaneously three times with solid fertilizers, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, of variable rates and desired quantities. For the evaluation of the prototype, a test bench was built where helical doses and their respective direct current electric motors; three tanks for storage of fertilizers were used. Also used were: A source (12 V-DC), three power...
Evolution and impacts of groundnut research and development in Malawi: An ex-post analysis
January 2016
Groundnut is currently the second income earner for smallholder farmers in Malawi, and an inexpensive source of balanced protein. Owing to the continued crop improvement research and extension efforts, production has risen by more than 15 times in the past two decades. Despite the dramatic growth, no impact assessment has ever been conducted to date. This study aims to assess the economic impacts of investments in...
Infection, colonization and growth-promoting effects of tea plant (Camellia sinensis L.) by the endophytic bacterium Herbaspirillum sp. WT00C
January 2016
The endophytic Herbaspirillum sp. WT00C, isolated from tea plant, seems to have a potential ability to promote tea-plant rooting and budding due to its capability of producing indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), ammonia and siderophores. Thus, the present study was aimed to verify whether this bacterium could be used for tea cultivation as an environment-friendly bioaccelerator. To evaluate its potential use in promoting...
Distribution of gill Monogenean parasites from Oreochromis niloticus (Linné, 1758) in man-made Lake Ayamé I, Côte d’Ivoire
January 2016
A parasite study was conducted from August 2004 to July 2005 to highlight the distribution of gill Monogenean parasites from Oreochromis niloticus. A total of 370 fish collected from Ayamé man-made Lake, Côte d’Ivoire were examined for Monogenean species using routine parasitological techniques. The study revealed the presence of six species of Monogeneans (Cichlidogyrus thurstonae, Cichlidogyrus...
Extraction and characterization of the essential oils from Spondias mombin L. (Cajá), Spondias purpurea L. (Ciriguela) and Spondia ssp (Cajarana do sertão)
January 2016
This research aimed at extracting and characterizing the phytochemistry of the essencial oils from Spondias mombin L. (Cajá), Spondias purpurea L. (Ciriguela) e Spondias sp (Cajarana do sertão). We selected five vigorous and healthy trees located in the city of Patos, PB. The leaves were collected and taken to Natural Products Research Lab (NPRL) in the Regional University of Cariri - URCA - in the city of...
Economic and financial analysis of the implementation of a water-tube boiler in the process of grain drying using a column dryer
January 2016
The aim of this study was to carry out an economic and financial evaluation of the use of a dryer column with steam system replacing a conventional furnace. Seeking an energetic and economic evaluation of the process of grain drying, a research was carried out on the drying of corn kernels using a dryer column (Comil CM 150 DR, double reuse) and a water-tube boiler (CW 40). In order to perform economic and financial...
Effects of applications of lime, wood ash, manure and mineral P fertilizer on the inorganic P fractions and other selected soil chemical properties on acid soil of Farta District, Northwestern highland of Ethiopia
January 2016
An incubation study was conducted for two months to evaluate the effects of different treatments on the inorganic P fractions and other chemical properties on an acidic soil. Four rates of lime and wood ash (3.5, 7.0, 9.2, 11.2 tons CaCO3 equivalent ha-1) were separately applied to obtain target soil pH values of 5.5, 6.0, 6.5 and a lower pH obtained with half of the lime requirement needed to bring the pH to 5.5. Three...
Spatial variability of selected physico-chemical properties of soils under vegetable cultivation in urban and peri-urban wetland gardens of Bamenda municipality, Cameroon
January 2016
Urban wetlands in Bamenda municipality play a vital role in vegetable production, but variability in the physico-chemical properties of soils is of dire concern. Twenty-one surface soil samples were analyzed for their physico-chemical properties using standard methods to examine the fertility status of the soils, evaluate their variability and constraints, and provide adequate data for planning sustainable land...
Supplementation of selenium and vitamin E in diets for pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus): Effect on performance, body yields and lipid stability
January 2016
Current study evaluates the supplementation of selenium and vitamin E in the diet on performance, body yields and lipid stability of pacu. Seven hundred and twenty juveniles were distributed in 36 cages installed in a masonry tank. During 100 days, the animals were fed on diets supplemented with four selenium levels (0, 1, 2 and 4 mg/kg), combined with three levels of vitamin E (0, 100 and 200 mg/kg) in a 4x3 factorial...
Growth and yield response of fibre hemp cultivars (Cannabis sativa L.) under different N-levels in Eastern Cape Province of South Africa
January 2016
Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) has been grown in Southern Africa for medicinal purpose for many centuries, and in the past half century as an illegal drug crop marijuana, “dagga”. It was however, noted that hemp has high fibre which can be used in formation of particle boards, textile products, paper and clothing. Field experiments were conducted during 2006/2007 and 2007/2008 seasons at Addo of Eastern Cape...
Symbiotic nitrogen fixation and nitrogen budget of Brazilian soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merril] varieties introduced in Benin using 15N isotopic dilution method
January 2016
Nitrogen-15 isotopic dilution method was used to estimate biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) and nitrogen (N) budget of fourteen (14) soybean varieties using maize as reference crop. The experiment was carried out at Sekou in Southern Benin. The amount of N derived from air (Ndfa kg N ha-1) ranged from 51 for variety BRS 261 to 148 for variety Canarana. In a scenario where the soybean shoot dry matter and grains were...
Alternative products for overcoming dormancy in grapevines 'Isabel Precoce'
January 2016
The stage of dormancy is an important physiological condition in the behavior of temperate climate fruit trees, and it is reached at the end of the vegetative cycle, when the leaves are fallen. In general, a cold period is needed to overcome the state of dormancy and promote uniform buds sprouting, being therefore a limiting factor for grape production in Brazil. There are chemicals used in breaking dormancy of the...
Variation of static pressure in a crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hochst) grains column
January 2016
The crambe has emerged as an option for the production of biodiesel, constituting itself as an alternative for off-season grain in Brazil. To obtain the best performance in the post-harvest product processing, knowledge of physical characteristics of the grains to as well as of the design of machines and structure storage is necessary. After pre-cleaning, the crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hochst) with a water content of 8%...
Strategies for selecting soybean genotypes using mixed models and multivariate approach
January 2016
The objective of this study was to select soybean genotypes derived from crosses between conventional and transgenic lines Roundup Ready (RR), using jointly Restricted Maximum Likelihood/Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (REML/BLUP) approaches, factors analysis and principal components analysis, processed with favorable agronomic traits, during the 2013/2014 growing season. Three agronomic selection processes were...
Effect of two dipping pretreatment on drying kinetics of golden berry (Physalis peruviana L.)
January 2016
Golden berry (Physalis peruviana L.) has scientifically proven medicinal properties. This research was aimed to investigate the effect of alkaline ethyl oleate and sucrose solution pretreatments as well as drying temperature on the drying kinetics of golden berry. Based on this, golden berries were dipped in alkaline ethyl oleate solution (2% ethyl oleate + 4% potassium carbonate) at 25°C or in osmotic solution (40%...
Influence of the land use on the water quality in the São João and Iguaçu Rivers, state of Paraná, Brazil: assessment of the importance of the riparian zone
January 2016
Further objectives were to determine the different patterns of land use and occupation within the microbasin formed by these rivers, and to assess the influence of the quantity of riparian vegetation on the presser/vation of the aquatic ecosystems. The studied basin extends over a total area of 77.75 km2, of which 92.98% comprised agriculture (44.11%) and native forest (48.87%). The drainage area of the sampling site P1...
Cultivation of colored cotton irrigated with saline water under potassium and nitrate/ammonium fertilization
January 2016
This study aimed to evaluate growth and production components of the colored cotton cultivar ‘BRS Topázio’ irrigated with saline water as a function of dose of potassium and proportions of nitrate and ammonium. The study was conducted in drainage lysimeters under greenhouse conditions, in a eutrophic Gray Argisol of sandy clay loam texture, in the municipality of Campina Grande, Brazil, from November...
Agronomic and technical fibers traits in elite genotypes of cotton herbaceous
December 2015
The changes in weaving technology, competition with synthetic fibers, and the globalization of cotton and textile production have increased the demand for better quality fibers. One of the main traits to be improved is fiber length. Thus, under the hypothesis of distinction and characterization of cotton genotypes, the aim of this study was to evaluate, in three locations, the average behavior of elite breeding lines...
Physiological and biochemical analysis of Trichoderma species isolated from different location U. P.
December 2015
Seven different species of Trichoderma isolated from the different locations of Uttar Pradesh were used in this study. A comparative analysis was done among all the seven species for the determination of glucanase enzyme production and nitrogen content determination the results showed that among all the seven tested species, Trichoderma harzianum shows the highest glucanase enzyme production as well as the highest...
Bacteriological quality of drinking water originated from groundwater in Béni-Abbés area (South West Algeria)
December 2015
The purpose of the present study was to examine the bacteriological quality of the drinking water samples to evaluate the results with the Algeria and international standards for drinking water quality, as well as the identification of the dominant microflora. The water samples (groundwater) are collected monthly from six sites in Béni-Abbés district. Most of the samples have shown the occurrence of...
Impact of long-term intensive cropping under continuous tillage and unbalanced use of fertilizers on soil nutrient contents in a small holding village
December 2015
Long-term field studies are important to generate information on changes in soil, which help in understanding nutrients management strategies for sustainable crop production. The present study was carried out in Kafr El-Kadera village at El-Monofia governorate, Egypt located at Middle Delta. It started in 1981 and was repeated in 2008 to evaluate the effect of continuous cropping, tillage and unbalanced fertilizers use...
Influence of variable mixing rates and nitrogen fertilization levels on the fodder quality of Egyptian clover (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) and annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.)
December 2015
Mixing grasses with legumes for forage production has been a common cropping system, especially in the Mediterranean countries. However, the nutritive value of the end product is greatly dependent on adopting the suitable cultural practices to achieve maximum benefit from the forage mixture, especially the nitrogen (N) fertilizer level and the mixing rate. Thus, the current study was carried out on the winter season of...
Impact of international donor organizations’ intervention on agricultural banking in Africa: Micro analyses
December 2015
The major part of African countries population lives in the rural areas and agriculture is the main source of such dwellers’ livelihood. Access to agricultural credit is a milestone in the context of rural development of these countries. International donor organizations give some banks impetus to direct their loans to agricultural sector. This study tries to make motion about analyzing micro consequences of...
Genetic variability of Fusarium solani and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. passiflorae isolates from Pantanal, Amazon and Cerrado biomes of Mato Grosso, Brazil
December 2015
Soil fungi, Fusarium solani and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. passiflorae are among the pathogens of greatest economic importance to the passion fruit culture. Little is known about the genetic variability of these pathogens from different regions. The genetic variability of F. solani and F. oxysporum f. sp. passiflorae isolates from Pantanal, Amazon and Cerrado of Mato Grosso State, Brazil, was studied with the help of...
Effect of inactivated yeast on rumen dry matter degradation and fermentation of low concentrate feed
December 2015
Life yeast is known to improve rumen fermentation characteristics and performance, especially with high concentrate diet, while reports on inactivated yeast are ambiguous. Therefore, the present study focused on short-term effects of inactivated yeast (Levabon®) with an inclusion rate of 0 or 50 g per head per day on in situ rumen dry matter degradability (ISDMD) of a total mixed ration (66.6% grass silage, 14.5%...
Vertical distribution of lead (Pb) in farmlands around contaminated goldmine in Zamfara state, Northern Nigeria
December 2015
Anthropogenic activities such as artisanal gold mining have been shown to contaminate soils. When these soils are cultivated, lead (Pb)-related human health risks are expected consequent to consumption of crops produced from such soil. This study was conducted with the aim of determining the vertical distribution of Pb in Pb-contaminated farmlands around contaminated goldmine. Eight soil profile pits were dug 1 m deep...
Foliar diagnosis in Phalaenopsis orchid plants subjected to application of nitrogen
December 2015
Production of orchids is important in floriculture, and nitrogen is one of the nutrients most required by plants. However, there is little information on nitrogen leaf analysis of these orchids. We evaluated the nitrogen fertilization on leaf nutritional status and on the production of dry mass and develop a diagnostic sheet for the orchid Phalaenopsis. Five concentrations of N (0.0, 0.068, 0.136, 0.204 and 0.272 g L-1)...
Phosphorus supply for corn plants with fertilizer containing humic substances
December 2015
The introduction of new technology components increases the stability of the existing production systems in addition to maximize their efficiency, reducing costs and improving productivity. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the influence of phosphorus fertilization on the agronomic and physiological characteristics of two corn hybrids using mineral fertilizer and humic substance-rich fertilizer the benefits of...
Hydraulic performance evaluation of mini sprinkler system
December 2015
Irrigation system performance assessment is of high priority in irrigation research to solve the problem of irrigation development and management. It is obvious that many irrigation systems are performing below their capacity. This situation may lead to non-uniform and unreliable water distribution. The mini sprinkler systems recently introduced for irrigation needs to be evaluated for their performance. A mini...
Analysis of vibration levels in agricultural tractor with and without cabin
December 2015
The use of tractors is indispensable and essential to the agriculture. However, despite being efficient machines, tractors may fail in their projects, leading to the appearance of vibrations in different parts of their structure. Many studies show that the daily exposure to high levels of vibration, these are a risk factor for the health of the whole human body. In view of that, the purpose of this study was to evaluate...
Influence of wheat populations arrangement on growth characteristics and grain yield
December 2015
The arrangement of plants in paired spacing is one of the management practices being used in some crops resulting in increased yield. Aiming to evaluate the arrangements and plant density on agronomic characteristics, yield components and yield of two wheat cultivars, one experiment was carried out on a Haplic Cambisol Tb typical dystrophic soil, with two cultivars, in the city of Ponta Grossa, PR,. The design...
Yam (Dioscorea spp.) responses to the environmental variability in the Guinea Sudan zone of Benin
December 2015
This study analyzed the morphological characteristics and agronomic potentials of yam varieties (Dioscorea spp.) collected across the Guinea Sudan transition zone of Benin. Dioscorea cayenensis - D. rotundata varieties were characterized as wingless; some varieties were spineless, others had few or dense, robust or thin, and short or prickled spines. There was variation in leaf shape, stem and leaf colour, tuber shapes...
Fertiliser subsidy effects on fertiliser use in the northern region of Ghana
December 2015
This study examines the effect of fertiliser subsidy on application rates of fertiliser among maize farmers in Northern Region. The study uses cross-sectional data from 301 households in the northern region of Ghana. The Probit and Tobit models were respectively used to analyse the determinants of participation in the subsidy programme and the effect of participation on fertiliser application rates. The results of the...
Socio-economic reasons for high weed infestations in Northwestern Benin maize (Zea maize L.) production systems
December 2015
Right timing of weed control is one of the most important challenges farmers in North Benin are facing. Weed infestation rates in maize production in the dry savanna zone in Northwestern Benin are often very high causing significant yield losses. The aim of the study was to determine reasons for late weed control in maize, which is the dominating crop in this area. A survey was conducted among 100 representative farmers...
Chemical composition and somatic cells count of milk from Holstein x Braunvieh cows
December 2015
This study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition and somatic cells count (SCC) of milk from Holstein / Braunvieh (HB) cows of five different grade crossing (genetic groups): Seven ½ blood HB, 14 5/8 blood HB, 16 3/4 blood HB, 86 7/8 blood HB and 28 15/16 blood HB cows were used. Six samplings at seven-day intervals were performed. The quality of milk was assessed according to the fat, protein, lactose and...
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