Multivariate analysis on dry mass variables in cupuassu progenies (Theobroma grandiflorum) in function of the plant age
April 2016
The aims of this study was to evaluate the dry matter production in different parts of cupuassu plant (Theobroma grandiflorum), such as leaves, stems, primary and secondary branches in progenies resistant to pests and diseases (Codajás and Manacapuru) in function of the plant age, through the application of multivariate statistical analysis. The experiment was conducted at Embrapa Amazônia Oriental for a...
Nutritional assessment of potassium in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) by direct reading of fruit sap
April 2016
Analysis of content made available to the plants and their relationship with what is present in plant tissue, are great alternative for proper handling of fertilizer, but the methods currently used, are expensive and require time. This study aimed to implement a new methodology for its determination and thus develop a correlation with the conventional method. It also evaluated the influence of the increase of K doses in...
Willingness to participate in the market for crop drought index insurance among farmers in Ghana
April 2016
The study, conducted among maize farmers in the Nanumba North District of the Northern Region of Ghana, examined the willingness of smallholder farmers to participate in the market for drought index crop insurance.A total of 100 farmers participated in the study.The study employed the logistic regression analysis to predict decision to participate in crop insurance. Quantitative and qualitative data collection methods...
Blood survey of Babesia spp and Theileria spp in Mono's cattle, Benin
April 2016
A cross-section study was carried out in the Mono district in Benin to establish the different proportions of Babesia and Theleria in ticks and blood. Blood samples were collected between October and November, 2008, a period of relative abundance of ticks. The investigation covered nine herds (villages), including the farm of Kpinnou, in an agro-ecological zone where the people adhere to the same pastoral-farming...
Growth and physiological responses of sunflower grown under levels of water replacement and potassium fertilization
April 2016
Water deficit is one of the limiting factors of agricultural production, especially in semi-arid regions. In this sense, the aim of this study was to evaluate the growth and the physiological characteristics of sunflower cv. Hélio 251 at different levels of water replacement and potassium doses in an experiment conducted in the greenhouse of the Center for Technology and Natural Resources of UFCG, Campina Grande,...
Productive, morphological and qualitative characteristics of sugarcane in the understory tree species in agroforestry systems
April 2016
This study aimed to evaluate productive, morphological and qualitative characteristics of sugarcane in the understory tree species in two agroforestry systems. The study was conducted in the city of Frederico Westphalen, RS, in a randomized complete block design, characterized by a factorial arrangement of 2x5x3, that is, two agroforestry systems (strip and line), five tree species (angico, bracatinga,...
Standard methods for inoculations of F. oxysporum and F. solani in Passiflora
April 2016
Soil fungi, Fusarium oxysporum FO and F. solani FS (teleomorph: Nectria hematococca), are pathogens of economic importance passion fruit crops. The present work was developed in order to standardize the methodology of inoculation, as an initial step to confirm the etiology of diseases associated with Fusarium wilt and collar rot. Strains of FO for A14, A16, A22, A27, A29, A32, A34, A48, A54, A64 and FS A11, A23, A62,...
Characterization and evaluation of twenty rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes under irrigated ecosystems in Malawi and Mozambique
April 2016
Field experiments were carried out in Mozambique (Muirrua Rice Research Station) and Malawi (Lifuwo Rice Research Station), during 2010 and 2011 growing season to evaluate twenty rice (Oryza sativa L.), genotypes under irrigated ecosystem following randomised complete block design (RCBD) with three (3) replications and 20 treatments. Data on number of days to flowering, number of tillers, number of days to maturity,...
In vitro seed germination and seedling development of Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal
April 2016
An efficient and improved protocol for in vitro seed germination and seedling development technique of Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal have been developed. Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 3.0 mg l-1 gibberellic acid (GA3) and 3.0 mg l-1 Kinetin (Kn) was found effective for maximum germination percentage (92.67), germination rate (1.83), germination value (56.07) and seedling vigour index (875.73). Whereas...
Phytosociological and floristic survey of weeds in Western Paraná
April 2016
Weeds can reduce yield, which justify the need for their efficient management. The stage that precedes the management consists of identifying the species present in the area, and then making the decision of the best method of control. Thus, this study aimed to perform a phytosociological survey, and to analyze the composition and floristic similarity of weeds between the end of the corn crop cycle and in the off-season...
Energy demand of furrow openers and corn yield according to the soil disturbance in no till system
April 2016
The performance of the planter is directly linked to the mechanisms of contact with the soil, more specifically to the furrow openers mechanism. The aim of this study was to evaluate the responses of the soil, machine, and the corn crop, according to furrow openers hoe type and working depths, in an eutroferric Red Latossol and no-tillage system. Soil disturbance, drawbar power and force, speed of operation and corn...
Production and reproduction performance of local chicken breeds and their marketing practices in Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia
April 2016
A study was conducted in Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia to assess production and reproduction performances of local chickens and their marketing practices. Three districts vize Damot-Gale, Boloso-Sore and Humbo representing, highland, midland and lowland agro-ecologies, respectively, were selected purposively. The data were collected from a total of 135 respondents, 45 from each agro-ecology, using pre-tested...
Integrated management of termites damaging wooden structures
April 2016
Field experiment was set up in November 2011 and continued up to March 2013 on 324 m2 backyard garden plot of a farmer‘s residential area. The experiment was laid in 6 m × 6 m Latin square design. The treatments were polyethelene bag covered wooden sticks, chlorpyrifos 48% E.C. treated and polyethelene bag covered wooden sticks, Masea lanceolata treated and polyethelene bag covered wooden sticks,...
Nitrogen compounds, proteins and amino acids in corn subjected to doses of aluminum
April 2016
Corn (Zea mays L.) is highly adaptable, but it has difficulties in expressing its productive potential in soils with high aluminum content, since this element is directly related to high acidity in the soil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the nitrogen compounds, proteins and amino acids of two corn cultivars subjected to increasing doses of aluminum. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse using one...
Bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of Tacinga inamoena (K. Schum.) [NP Taylor & Stuppy] fruit during maturation
April 2016
Tacinga inamoena (K. Schum.) [N. P. Taylor & Stuppy] is a native Cactaceae from the semiarid region of Northeastern Brazil whose fruit is eaten by the local population. It seems that there is a significant amount of functional compounds such as polyphenols and betalains in this fruit as reported for other well-known cacti. Although there are not enough studies that have been conducted, it has attracted interest...
Wood ash on the fertilization of marandu grass in Brazilian cerrado soils
April 2016
Wood ash can be an alternative fertilizer and soil corrective measure, directly contributing to the production of pastures. The objective of this research was to evaluate the growth and production of marandu grass fertilized with wood ash and grown in two soil classes of the Brazilian Cerrado. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse during the period from December, 2012 to May, 2013. The experimental design was...
Fumigant and repellent activity of Rutaceae and Lamiaceae essential oils against Acanthoscelides obtectus Say
April 2016
Acanthoscelides obtectus Say, a principal pest of kidney beans Phaseolus vulgaris L. in the Mediterranean area, is a multivoltine and oligophagous bruchid that damages not only host plant (kidney bean) but also other Leguminosae species. Essential oils of Rutaceae: Citrus reticulata L. and Citrus limonum L. and of Lamiaceae Mentha piperita L. and Lavandula angustifolia L. were evaluated by fumigation upon A. obtectus...
Organic-matter effects on populations of dry rot of yam nematodes
April 2016
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of organic-matter incorporated into the soil on population densities of the causal agents of the dry rot disease of yam, under field conditions. The experiment was performed in a natural infested area with a mixed population of Pratylenchus coffeae and Scutellonema bradys, in Quebrangulo county (Alagoas state, Brazil) in a randomized block design with five...
Production of sunflower under saline water irrigation and nitrogen fertilization
April 2016
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the production components of sunflower Embrapa 122-V2000, as a function of irrigation water salinity and nitrogen doses. The experiment was conducted in plastic pots with a capacity of 100 L under greenhouse conditions in Federal University of Campina Grande, during the period of April-July 2012, in an experimental design adopting factorial arrangement of 5 x 5,...
Response of sugar cane to limitation hydric and nitrogen dose
April 2016
The great social and economic importance of sugarcane makes it critical to understand the responses of the crop to adverse stress. This study was carried out to characterize the morpho-physiological index of sugarcane cultivated under different levels of water replacement with four replicates, corresponding to five levels of water replacement (100, 75, 50, 25 and 0% of soil humidity at field capacity) and either...
Green manure in fruticulture: Aspects on soil quality and use in agriculture
April 2016
The farming practices have a direct impact in ecosystems and cause changes in the basic structures involved in the environment. Cultivated soils, after years of use, show changes in the physical, chemical and biological attributes, requiring improve production processes, with the intention of management alternatives that minimize environmental degradation and, consequently increasing the sustainability of agricultural...
Farmer participatory varietal selection in pearl millet: Experience across some states of Northern Nigeria
April 2016
Farmers participation in the process of on-farm research does not only enrich the speed up of information gathering, but also result in large scale adoption of the product of research. A small farmer deals with a variable environment and has multiple production objectives that will affect his or her choice of crops and selection of genotypes. In areas where farmers are unfamiliar with available improved varieties, there...
Development evaluation of Lesotho agricultural input subsidy policy based on rural households’ food security and access to inputs: Evidence from Mohale's Hoek District
April 2016
The prevalence of poverty in Lesotho is a pressing issues raising concern in terms of rural households’ food security and welfare. In that regard, this study attempts to establish or identify the determinants of farmers’ access to inputs via the government. The second part incorporates the use of subsidized inputs and measure the impact of the government input subsidy program on food security. The motive...
Influence of foliar spray with phenylalanine and nickel on growth, yield quality and chemical composition of genoveser basil plant
April 2016
Two field experiments were conducted during two successive seasons to study the effect of foliar application with Phenylalanine (zero, 50 and 100 ppm) and /or nickel (zero, 50 and 100 ppm) on growth, yield and essential oil components of genoveser basil plant (Ocimum basilicum L. var. Genoveser). Application of the combined treatment (100 ppm Phenylalanine + 50 ppm nickel) resulted in the maximum values of all...
How to control Helicoverpa armigera on soybean in Brazil? What we have learned since its detection
April 2016
The present study was motivated by a lack of information on how to control Helicoverpa armigera in soybean fields in Brazil. Nine chemical and four biological treatments were tested. Control efficiency was evaluated at 3, 7, 10, and 14 days after spraying. Moreover, the cost benefit ratio by the yield and cost of insecticide application and the economic injury level (EIL) were used to calculate the chemical and...
Agribusiness concerns in large scale processing and marketing of melon in Southeastern Nigeria
April 2016
The study aimed at determining strategies that could be utilized to reduce the concerns of consumers on the processed agricultural products through technology in order to make technological innovation effective and economically rewarding. Two research questions were developed and answered by the study using cross sectional survey research design. The sample for the study was 317 consisting of 116 registered women melon...
Coping measures required by farmers in managing climate change stress for effective agricultural crop production: Case study of Abia State, Nigeria
April 2016
This study was carried out to identify coping measures required by farmers in managing climate change stress for effective agricultural production in Abia State, Nigeria. Design of the study was descriptive survey. The study was carried out in Abia State. Two research questions guided the study while two null hypotheses were formulated and tested. Population for the study was 1,009 made up of 768 farmers and 241...
Effect of seasonality on abundance of African weaver ant Oecophyllalonginoda (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in cashew agro-ecosystems in Tanzania
April 2016
The effect of seasonality on abundance of the African weaver ant (AWA) was determined in the cashew fields at Bagamoyo and Kibaha districts, Coast Region of Tanzania. Twenty cashew trees colonized by AWA were randomly selected per site and its abundance was monitored during cashew on-seasons and off-seasons in 2011 and 2012. Results showed that abundance of AWA, which was expressed as mean numbers of leaf nests per tree...
Productivity of transplanted rice as influenced by weed control methods
April 2016
Rigorous research efforts are being made by scientists around the world to evolve different strategies for improving rice yield. Most of the improved crop management practices in rice cultivation failed due to poor and improper practices for containing weeds. At present, no single approach, that is, uses of herbicides or manual or mechanical weeding is effective in containing the weed menace. Hence, the present...
Assessment of genetic divergence in runner peanut genotypes grown in the Brazilian Northeast environments
April 2016
Runner cultivars are widely demanded by peanut farmers because of their high oil and grain productions. As those are late cycles, the management is limited in environments with water restriction. For improvement of runner genotypes to these environments is necessary to identify genotypes adapted and the knowledge of genetic divergence is quite relevant to assist the breeding procedures. In this work, ten morphological...
Effects of cover crops in the dynamics of organic matter and potassium in the soil and performance of common bean in the Brazilian Cerrado of Goiás State
April 2016
The effects of several cover crops on common bean cv. Pérola productivity cropped at Goiano – Ceres Campus (Brazil) and changes in soil organic matter and potassium were evaluated for one season. The experiment was based on a randomized complete blocks design encompassing four treatments (spontaneous vegetation, Crotalaria spectabilis L., Mucuna aterrima L. and Pennisetum glaucum) and four replications....
Effect of scab disease on the yield of intercrop systems of cowpea maize and sorghum
April 2016
Three field sites were selected during the raining season (July to October) of 2004, 2005 and 2006 at the Institute for Agricultural Research, Ahmadu Bello University, in Samaru, Zaria, Nigeria to determine the effect of scab on the yield of cowpea variety (Ife brown) intercrop with cereals. This variety (Ife Brown) selected was highly susceptible to scab. Any reduction in yield is attributed to the disease since it...
Clustering analysis of several peanut varieties by pre and post-harvest and biochemistry parameters
April 2016
Peanut (Arachis species) plants originated in South America where they have existed for thousands of years. Successively, peanut culture has been introduced in many African countries and was incorporated into local traditional food cultures. Numerous studies showed peanut nutritive importance and capacity to prevent several human diseases. The target of the present survey aimed to create a germplasm benchmark of peanut...
Effect of different irrigation levels with different qualities of water and organic substrates on cultivation of pepper
April 2016
The amount of water needed to meet the water requirement of crops and use of alternative organic substrates affect the development of the plants’ nutrients. The objective of this research is to evaluate the cultivation of pepper (Capsicum chinense) under different organic substrates and irrigation levels with supply water and wastewater. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at Campina Grande,...
Farmers’ adaptive measures to climate change induced natural shocks through past climate experiences in the Mekong River Delta, Vietnam
April 2016
This study examined farmers’ adaptive measures to climate change induced natural shocks through past climate experiences in the Mekong River Delta (Vietnam) from a data set of 330 farmers. Seemingly unrelated regression model was used to identify the determinants of farmers’ adaptive measures. Results showed that male household head, education of the household head, marital status of the household head,...
Evaluation of Spirulina platensis as microbial inoculants to enhanced protein levels in Amaranthus gangeticus
April 2016
The demand for increase in food production for increasing population with adequate bioavailable nutrients has become a challenge for the agriculturists, nutritionists, biotechnologists to meet the requirements of mankind. The microbial biofertilizers are applied in the form of seaweed liquid extracts, microbial inoculants, biostimulators and biofortification agents. All these categories of microbial biofertilizers are...
Physicochemical quality of Murici covered with starch-based coverings and stored at different temperatures
April 2016
The aim of this work was to evaluate the physicochemical characteristics of murici (Byrsonima crassifolia (L.) Rich.) covered with starch-based coverings and stored at different temperatures. The fruits were harvested on EMBRAPA experimental farm, in the city of Pacajus-Ceará, where they were taken to the lab, washed, sanitized and naturally dried. Afterwards, they were treated with coverings made out of...
Volumetric models for Eucalyptus grandis x urophylla in a crop-livestock-forest integration (CLFI) system in the Brazilian cerrado
April 2016
The influence of the forest component in the crop-livestock-forest integration system depends on several factors, among which are the plant species used and the row spacing established in system deployment. Therefore, the objective of this study was to characterize the tree component dendrometrically using Eucalyptus grandis x urograndis individuals from the CLFI system and to determine the model fit with volumetric...
Soil physical and hydraulic changes in different yielding zones under no-tillage in Brazil
April 2016
Soil physical and structural degradation may influence crop productivity over time in long-term no-tillage system areas. A field study was conducted at two sites, Palmeira das Missões and Não-Me-Toque, in southern Brazil to quantify soil physical/hydraulic and structural changes in zones with different yield potentials. The sites have been managed under no-tillage system without soil disturbance for more...
Competitive strategies applied to agribusiness in South-Eastern Paraná, Brazil
April 2016
Agriculture plays a key role in the economy and quality of life. How to best employ available resources in order to improve productivity, profitability and sustainability of these processes has been the subject of many studies. This study aims to analyse by multi-index methodology the expected return and risks associated with investment in agribusiness, particularly on what concerns the implantation viability of a...
Physiological quality of quinoa seeds submitted to different storage conditions
April 2016
Quinoa has grown importance in the world due to the nutritional quality of its grains and crop adaptability to diverse climatic conditions. One problem that limits its cultivation is the reduced viability of seeds during storage and the information is rather scarce. This work aimed at evaluating the physiological quality of quinoa seeds along time when submitted at storage conditions and packaging. An entirely...
Morpho-biochemical responses to salinity tolerance in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.).
April 2016
The effect of salinity stress during germination, early seedling and vegetative growth on morphological and biochemical traits was evaluated for 18 genotypes of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) at 0, 60, 120, and 180 mM NaCl. Analysis of variance showed that the salinity stress had significant effect on all traits except shoot to root length and dry weight ratios. Though salinity stress delayed germination in all...
Viability and enzyme activity of coffee seeds subjected to LERCAFE test
April 2016
The LERCAFE test consists in immersing coffee seeds in an active chlorine solution, which reacts with the seeds’ endosperm, thus staining the viable parts dark green. The goal was to adapt the LERCAFE methodology to coffee seeds and assess the isoenzymatic profile of seeds subjected to the test. Two experiments were conducted, the first with adequacy of the LERCAFE test methodology, and the second experiment...
The influence of protected kapok seed oil supplementation on in vitro ruminal fermentability and linoleic acid status with Etawah crossbred goat rumen fluid and elephant grass as feed
April 2016
This investigation was conducted to study the effect of protected kapok (Ceiba pentandra) seed oil supplementation upon the in vitro relative proportion of linoleic acid and ruminal fermentation parameters using rumen fluid of Etawah crossbred goat and elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) as feed. Research materials used were elephant grass (EG), kapok seed oil (KSO), lactating Etawah crossbred goat (ECG) rumen...
Yield performance of East African highland banana hybrids on farmers’ fields under high disease pressure
March 2016
The production of the East African highland cooking banana is constrained by pests, diseases and narrow genetic base amongst others. Research to develop resistant / tolerant genotypes has been on going at Kawanda. 18 promising banana hybrids have been identified. The hybrids were planted on farmers’ fields in Kasangombe Sub-county in central Uganda for evaluation against black Sigatoka and yield. Data were...
Effects of traditional practice of soil burning (guie) on soil physical properties at Sheno areas of North Shoa, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
March 2016
The study was conducted in the Kimbibit District, which is located at the North Shoa Zone of Oromia National Regional State, with the objective of investigating the effects of traditional practice of soil burning (guie) on physical properties of soils of the study area. Both disturbed and undisturbed soil samples were collected from farmers’ burned fields and normal fields in three peasant associations. The burned...
Impact of tillage type and soil texture to soil organic carbon storage: The case of Ethiopian smallholder farms
March 2016
Soil organic carbon is a fundamental soil resource base. However, there is limited information on soil organic carbon storage due to influence of tillage type and soil texture under smallholder production systems in Ethiopia. The objective of this study was therefore to quantify soil organic carbon in different soil textures and tillage types; and to the contribution of livestock in improving soil carbon, soil structure...
Current banana smallholder farmers’ farming practices and knowledge on plant-parasitic nematodes associated with banana (Musa spp.) in Rusitu Valley, Zimbabwe
March 2016
Plant-parasitic nematodes are economically important pests of banana (Musa spp.) and compromise its productivity. Controlling nematode populations and good agronomic practices are pre-requisites for a good yield. A survey of farmers in the Rusitu Valley, Zimbabwe, was conducted to assess their current banana production practices and knowledge of plant-parasitic nematodes associated with banana. Respondents were selected...
Seasonal challenges and opportunities for smallholder farmers in a mining district of Zambia
March 2016
Zambia’s efforts to diversify from mining to agriculture have seen many interventions aimed at improving the productivity of smallholder farmers. These efforts have produced poor results, as productivity has remained low. This study used 121 semi structured interviews, two focus group discussions and several key informant interviews to investigate smallholder farmers’ challenges over the course of a farming...
Comparative analysis of three different spacing on the performance and yield of late maize cultivation in Etche local government area of Rivers State, Nigeria
March 2016
This study was carried out to compare and analyze how spacing influenced the performance and yield of late maize in Egwi, Etche Local Government Area (LGA) of Rivers State, Nigeria between September-December in 2013 and 2014. The study adopted experimental research design. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. One maize variety was evaluated under three spacing...
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