Allelopathic effect of irrigation with different concentrations of leaf extracts of Jatropha curcas L. on growth Brassica oleracea
March 2016
The competition for sunlight, nutrients or space makes many plants from releasing toxins that can harm the growth and development of competing plants. This work aims to measure the allelopathic effect of the physic nut leaf extract on the cabbage plantation growth. The experiment was conducted in the Missal city, state of Parana, Brazil. It was used 6 different concentrations of extract Jatropha. curcas L., as follow:...
Metabolic profile of Brazilian pine embryos and megagametophyte of stored seeds
March 2016
Changes in availability of metabolites during seed deterioration might damage processes of synthesis and energy release for embryonic growth. This research aimed to determine which alterations occur in metabolic profile over storage of Araucaria angustifolia seeds and how these alterations are related to viability loss. Metabolic profile of samples stored at 60, 120, and 180 days, at ambient temperature, refrigerator...
Crude glycerol co-digestion associated with swine manure in biogas production: A study in Brazil
March 2016
This study aimed to evaluate the crude glycerol efficiency, from biodiesel production, biogas production with co-digestion of swine manure. The process was conducted with several concentrations of glycerol 0, 5, 10, 20, 30 and 40% (w/w) and swine manure with a concentration of 20, 40 and 60% (w/w) with pH 7.2 and 35°C. The fermentation periods were 21 and 30 days. Fifty ml of micro-reactors were used airtight...
Evaluating the logistics performance of Brazil’s corn exports: A proposal of indicators
February 2016
Despite significant advances in the Brazilian agriculture, the logistics costs, particularly transportation and storage costs continue to act as the main barriers that limit the potential of the Brazilian agribusiness. This study analyzes the logistics efficiency of the main flow routes for Brazil’s agricultural production and exports - in particular, corn production and exports, among the major producing states...
A mathematical model for the selection of an economical pipe size in pressurized irrigation systems
February 2016
The selection of an economical pipe size for pumping plant and pipelines (mains and submains) in pressurized irrigation system should be based on careful economic analysis. A small diameter pipe may require a lower initial investment, but the head loss due to friction is greater and this increases the power cost. Similarly, a larger pipe involves a higher initial investment with less power cost. In this study, various...
Risk factors associated with the post-harvest loss of milk along camel milk value chain in Isiolo County, Kenya
February 2016
Camel milk is an important commodity in the arid and semi-arid lands where it forms their basic diet, a major source of income and serves significant cultural function to the pastoralists. However, camel milk production is faced with challenges that contributes to the camel milk post-harvest losses due to poor quality and safety. This study aimed at determining the risk factors that may contribute to camel milk quality...
Ergonomic characterization of three sugar cane harvester machinery models
February 2016
Due to the latest expansion on Brazilian agricultural area, there has been growing demand for field machinery usage aiming at increasing operational efficiency along with cost reduction on production as well as searching for improvement of working conditions. This paper aimed at ergonomic characterization comparing three models of agricultural harvesters on sugar cane plantations in order to provide information to help...
Soil moisture and water use efficiency in cotton plants grown in different spacings in the Brazilian Cerrado Region
February 2016
The aim of this study was to assess soil moisture and water use efficiency in cotton plants (Gossypium hirsutum L.) grown in different row spacing in the Cerrado, Brazil. The crop was irrigated by drip irrigation, and the amount of supplied water was equal to 90% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc). Spacing of 0.4, 0.7 and 1.0 m between rows were assessed. Soil moisture was assessed up to 1.0 m deep, and water use...
Agro-physiologic effects of compost and biochar produced at different temperatures on growth, photosynthetic pigment and micronutrients uptake of maize crop
February 2016
The production and use of biochart and compost present many opportunities for soil improvement and agricultural productivity. However, the yield and performance of biochar depend on the feedstocks, pyrolysing temperatures and rate of application. Experiments were conducted to find out the effect of compost and biochar produced from two different feed stocks (Rice husk and Mexican sunflower) and pyrolysed at different...
Status of maize lethal necrosis in eastern Uganda
February 2016
Maize lethal necrosis (MLN) is the latest emerging disease of maize in Sub-saharan Africa. It was first reported in Uganda in 2013. Consequently, information regarding its prevalence, yield loss, applicable mitigation measures and socio-economic effects is still scanty, hence this study. A survey involving 300 respondents on the status of the disease was conducted in seven districts of eastern Uganda. Results revealed...
The relationship between organic acids, sucrose and the quality of specialty coffees
February 2016
There is an increasing demand for specialty coffees in the worldwide coffee market, which justifies the need for research focused on understanding the effect of genetic factors and environmental conditions on coffee quality. The aim of this study was to assess the occurrence of arabica coffee genotypes with a high potential for specialty coffee production under three different environmental conditions. Green coffee...
Macronutrients requirement of a snap bean genotype with determinate growth habit in Brazil
February 2016
Obtaining nutrient accumulation curves is very important in knowing the plant nutritional requirement dynamics and to direct the strategies for its supply. The aim of this work was to study the uptake, compartmentalization and exportation of macronutrients of a snap bean genotype with determinate growth habit. An experiment at field conditions at Londrina State University – UEL, Londrina-PR, Br azil, was performed...
Financial analysis of poultry production in Kwara State, Nigeria
February 2016
This study examined the economics of poultry production in Kwara State, Nigeria using budgetary and profit index analysis. Primary data were collected through a set of structured questionnaire from 80 registered poultry farmers using a systematic random sampling technique. The results of the study showed that 72.5% of the respondents were youth with the mean age of 38.7 years and 63.8% choose poultry farming as main...
Effect of water replacement and nitrogen fertilization on productivity variables of sugar cane
February 2016
Although sugarcane crop has moderate tolerance to water stress, it shows high response to irrigation. Thus, the improvement of irrigation techniques becomes necessary to achieve maximum water use efficiency. Several studies in Brazil and worldwide on different sugarcane varieties have shown the effect of irrigation on productivity. Moreover, nitrogen fertilization stands out as one of the cultural practices of higher...
Salinization and pollution of water table with wastewater and its impact on oasis crops
February 2016
The ancestral canal of Oued Righ at 150 km evacuates leachate water into the Chott Melghir, which has 50 oases. Excess water from discharges of sewage and drainage causes upwelling of groundwater that leads to an imbalance in the valley. The physico-chemical analysis of canal waters and water table has shown that the quality of these waters has very high salinity (class C5), with electrical conductivity of 26.30 ms/cm,...
Variation in nectar volume and sugar content in male flowers of Musa cultivars grown in Rwanda and their non-effect on the numbers of visiting key diurnal insect vectors of banana Xanthomonas wilt
February 2016
Insects are a major mode of banana Xanthomonas wilt (XW) spread. High insect activity has been blamed for the high XW incidence in ‘Kayinja’ (ABB-genome) dominated banana landscapes across east and central Africa. ‘Kayinja’ male bud nectar composition reportedly contributes to high insect activity. The variation in nectar composition with agro-ecological zones and banana cultivars and its...
Plant protection: Paramount to food security in India
February 2016
India carries the heavy burden of feeding a billion plus population. While it is a challenge in itself, the task is compounded further by limited resources and crop losses due to pest and diseases. Though beating the odds of diminishing land and water resources remain bleak, pest and disease inflicted crop losses can be managed with suitable crop protection techniques. Pesticide, integrated pest management (IPM),...
Adoption of Bambara groundnut production and its effects on farmers’ welfare in Northern Ghana
February 2016
With the growing concerns about the likely implications of climate change, the long term sustainability of conventional agricultural approaches and biodiversity loss have contributed to a growing interest in the potential of the so-called underutilised crops to address food, nutritional, and income security challenges. In support of their wider use, advocates of underutilised crops associate a number of benefits with...
Nitrogenous compounds in hog plum plants (Spondia mombin L.) under water deficit
February 2016
The hog plum tree is a species exploited extractively, but this information is not included in official statistics, despite the socioeconomic relevance of the species in the North and Northeast of Brazil. The present study aimed to analyze physiological and biochemical processes in Spondia mombin L. plants under two water regimes. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the Federal Rural University of the...
Root system and yield of sugarcane cultivated under different amounts of straw in southern Brazil
February 2016
The amount of straw of sugarcane needed to remain in field for sustainability of the production system and quantity that could be used in sectors such as cogeneration and production of bioethanol for optimization of power generation by the sector are unclear issues. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different amounts of straw on the development of the sugarcane root system and yield using the variety...
Bayesian discriminant analysis of plant leaf hyperspectral reflectance for identification of weeds from cabbages
February 2016
In order to spray herbicides accurately on targets, this study focused on spectral classification of weeds and crops for potential to rapidly detect weeds in crop fields. A 350 ~ 2500 nm FieldSpec-FR spectroradiometer was used to measure spectral responses of the canopies of the seedling vegetables, cabbage ‘8398’ and cabbage ‘Zhonggan 11’, and weeds, Barnyard grass, green foxtail, goosegrass,...
Steel slag to correct soil acidity and as silicon source in coffee plants
February 2016
Slags from the iron and steel industry may be used in agriculture to correct soil acidity. Current assay assesses the effect of iron and steel industry´s slag, derived from stainless steel, and compares it to limestone as soil acidity corrective and silicon source in coffee plants. The experiment was conducted between December, 2012 and January, 2014 in the municipality of Machado MG Brazil, in a 4-year-old coffee...
Impact of resettlement on vegetation status and rangeland condition in southwestern Ethiopia
February 2016
This study was conducted with the objectives of comparing range condition of an area under different land use practices (resettled and non-resettled) and assessing the possible effect of resettlement on range condition in Meinit-Shasha district of Bench-Maji zone, southwest Ethiopia. Two kebeles were selected purposively where vegetation and soil conditions were investigated in 40 quadrats across 20 sampling sites using...
Systemicity of banana bunchy top viral infection in the Kisangani region of the Democratic Republic of Congo
February 2016
In order to evaluate the systemicity of BBTV from one plant of the mat to the physically attached shoots, 60 mats both of “Yangambi Km5”, Musa AAA and those of the false horn plantain “Libanga Likale”, Musa AAB showing severity levels from 0 to 5 were selected in backyards in Kisangani. In addition, 30 sucker corms per genotype were put under macro-propagation and leaf samples of lateral shoots...
Estimate of the least limiting water range based on relative density of an oxisol in Brazil
February 2016
The no-tillage technique has been expanding in the Brazilian Cerrado (savanna), but due to the rapid decomposition of residues and few options for profitable rotation crops, soil compaction can be a problem, seriously reducing water availability to plants. Determination of the least limiting water range (LLWR) is a sensitive method to assess the current soil compaction state, although it is operationally and...
Soil conservation practices in three watersheds of Benin: Farmers’ cropping systems characterization
February 2016
This document addresses the farming practices and their characteristics on three watersheds in southern Benin. These watersheds are located in the villages of Govié, in Allada district, Lokogba in Aplahoué district and Linsinlin in Djidja district. Simple random sampling is used to investigate 417 farm households at the rate of 139 per village. Focus groups are conducted with resource persons and...
A study on prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis in selected areas of Konta Special Woreda, Southern Ethiopia
February 2016
A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2010 to March 2011 to determine the prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis, to identify the species of trypanosomes in the study area and to assess the community awareness regarding the effect of trypanosomosis and control methods in selected areas of Konta Special Woreda of Southern Nation Nationalities and Peoples Regional States. Thirty households were interviewed...
Allelopathic weed suppression in agroecosystems: A review of theories and practices
February 2016
Weeds cause great problems to humankind by interfering in food production, health, economic stability, and welfare. The overuse of synthetic herbicides for weed control eventually leads to the evolution of herbicide resistant weeds, which also resulted in growing public concern over their impacts upon human health. The intensification of arable farming has also had a simultaneous impact on the environment. This...
Productive performance and evaluation of the carcass and meat of confined lambs in North of Brazil
February 2016
This study was untaken to evaluate the effects of diets based on elephant grass or sugarcane as roughage and corn meal or rice bran as energy concentrate on carcass characteristics, meat quality, and the rack of lamb cut characteristics. Thirty-six lambs of undefined breed initially weighing 19.77±1.99 kg were used. A completely randomized design with eight treatments in a 2×2×2 factorial arrangement:...
Assessment of Azadirachta indica and Cleome viscosa liquid-formulations as bio-nematicides in the management of nematode pests of okra
February 2016
The efficacy of Azadirachta indica and Cleome viscosa liquid-formulations were assessed as bio-nematicides on the performances of okra planted in nematode infested soil at Teaching and Research Farm of Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria during 2014 planting season. NHAE-47 okra variety which, is susceptible to root knot nematodes, was the test crop. The experimental design was randomized...
Effects of catchment characteristics and climatic conditions on reservoir water capacity in a drought prone area
February 2016
Crop production in semi-arid sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is limited by over-reliance on erratic and inadequate rainfall, which often results in yield reduction or total crop failure. The effects of frequent droughts and dry spells need to be circumvented by water conservation. Where rainwater is harvested, research recommendations are based on direct use of the water without relating it to catchment characteristics,...
Biomass production and leaf gas exchange of perennial legumes associated with bananas
February 2016
The search management for alternatives that reduce the use of mineral fertilizers is important for agricultural sustainability. Therefore, we sought to identify two legume species that are grown as cover crops with banana (Musa spp.) cultivar Prata-anã and spontaneous plant compositions that enable further reduction in the use of inputs. A randomized block design in a split plot arrangement with five replications...
Growth, nutrient accumulation and nutritional efficiency of sunn hemp in function of nutrient omission
February 2016
The inadequate supply of nutrients in sunn hemp comprises nutritional requirements and efficiency, causing a decrease in the growth and inducing specific nutritional disorders. For this reason this research sought to evaluate the effect of N, P, K, Ca and Mg restriction on nutrient accumulation, nutritional efficiency, plant growth and characterize the visual symptoms of nutrient deficiency in crotalaria. The experiment...
Evaluation of performance and chemical composition of Petroselinum crispum essential oil under different conditions of water deficit
February 2016
This experiment aimed to assess the development, yield and chemical composition of Petroselinum crispum essential oil (EO), popularly known as parsley under different levels of water stress deficit: 30 to 40% (moderate stress), 50 to 60% (severe stress) and control 0 to 10%. The plants were kept in a greenhouse to complete the cycle, harvested and measured for their biomass (g), development (cm), yield (%) and...
Effect of weeds on yield loss of cassava plants in response to NPK fertilization
February 2016
The objective of this study was to assess yield loss of weed-infested cassava and the degree of interference of weeds on the crop productivity in response to the fertilization of NPK. The study was conducted at the Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, in the municipality of Vitória da Conquista, BA, with two different treatment groups that were evaluated in parcels with and without fertilizer. The...
Irrigation potentials and rice self-sufficiency in Nigeria: A review
February 2016
Nigeria has abundant land and water resources to embark on irrigation schemes to ensure all year round rice production. Additional yield to annual rice production through dry season farming in 2012 in 10 pilot States of the country was found to be over 1 million metric tonnes. This shows that an intensive and consistent irrigated rice production scheme will set Nigeria on a pathway to rice self-sufficiency thereby...
Trichoderma- a potential and effective bio fungicide and alternative source against notable phytopathogens: A review
February 2016
Trichoderma, is a useful, filamentous fungi and they are cosmopolitan in nature which have attracted the attention because of their multi prong action against various plant pathogens. There are several biocontrol mechanism employed by Trichoderma against plant pathogens, these include release of hydrolytic enzymes that degrade cell wall of phytopathogenic fungi, competition for nutrients, parasitism, and antibiotics....
Soil moisture maintenance methods in cultivation in a greenhouse
February 2016
Soil water content standardization in agricultural experimentation is essential to mitigate variability within treatments, decreasing experimental errors arising from irrigation management. The aim of this study was to assess soil moisture maintenance methods using sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) grown under controlled conditions as indicator plant. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse during the period between...
Performance of eleven introduced improved lowland rice varieties in the northern Savanna zones of Ghana
February 2016
From 2007 to 2010, we evaluated eleven introduced improved rice materials, mainly lowland NERICAs and Thailand varieties for yield and other farmers’ preferred agronomic traits compared to Gbewaa (aromatic local check) and Digang (non aromatic local check). The trials, each year, were laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Designed (RCBD) with four replicates at two locations (Nyankpala and Salaga) in Northern...
Genetic variability of Ethiopian bread wheat genotypes (Triticum aestivum L.) using agro-morphological traits and their gliadin content
February 2016
Wheat is grown worldwide because it is a major diet component. The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic variation in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) when grown in the Wollo highland areas, applying agro-morphological data and gliadin content. A total of twenty accessions of bread wheat received from Ethiopian Biodiversity Institute (EBI), Sirinka Agricultural Research Centre (SARC) and also newly...
Break dormancy, germination capacity of medics after different techniques of scarification (Physical, Chemical and Mechanical)
February 2016
Medics are annual forages very interesting in pastures of Mediterranean and steppes rangelands. Such as other leguminous, they are subject to dormancy which delay and reduce germination. The response of these species (Medicago polymorpha, Medicago intertexta, Medicago ciliaris, Medicago truncatula, Medicago muricoleptis) to mechanical, physical and chemical scarification, applied for break dormancy, had been studied....
Pesticide use in the production of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) in some areas of Northern Ghana
February 2016
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is a very important vegetable used in almost all meals and is consumed in diverse ways. In Ghana, farmers and consumers of fruits and vegetables face immense risk of exposure owing to the use of toxic chemicals that are banned or restricted in the country or in other countries. The objective of this study was to ascertain farmers’ access and use of recommended agro-chemicals for...
Vegetation responses to site, elevation and land use in semi-arid rangeland of Southern Ethiopia
February 2016
The dynamics of rangeland vegetation are products of spatial and temporal land use that determine rangeland productivity and conservation of biodiversity. This study examined effects of site, elevation, land use and season on vegetation attributes at three sites in Dida-Hara, southern Ethiopia. Herbaceous plant attributes (that is, above-ground herbaceous biomass, basal cover, plants’ density, species richness,...
Applications of magnetic technology in agriculture: A novel tool for improving crop productivity (1): Canola
February 2016
Two field trials using canola (var. Serw-6) were conducted to study and evaluate the effects of magnetizing irrigation water on Canola vegetative growth, photosynthetic pigments, seed, yield and water use efficiency as well as seed biochemical constituents and fatty acids composition of the yielded oils. Application of magnetizing irrigation water led to marked increases in growth parameters (plant height (cm),...
Improving livestock productivity: Assessment of feed resources and livestock management practices in Sudan-Savanna zones of West Africa
February 2016
Evaluation of existing and potential feed resources was conducted in Orodora district in the Southern region of Burkina Faso using Feed Assessment Tool (FEAST). The assessment was carried out through focus group discussions and individual interviews in Mahon and Sayaga communities in Orodara district. The study sites were characterized by mixed crop-livestock production systems. Seventy-percent of cropping activities...
Biomass yield, nutrient content and in vitro dry matter digestibility of morphological fractions of two sweet potato varieties intercropped with coffee or maize-haricot bean
February 2016
Effects of stages of growth and intercropping of two sweet potato varieties (Hawassi-83 and Tula) (alone or with coffee or maize-haricot bean) on biomass yield and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) of morphological fractions were assessed in Southern Ethiopia. Similar coffee plantations (age, density, soil type, topography) were selected for intercropping. Vines were planted on three plots per intercropping type...
Germination and emergence of Mouriri elliptica mart., a rare medicinal fruit tree native to the Brazilian Cerrado biome
February 2016
This study is aimed to describe the germination process of Mouriri elliptica Martius, a species in the Melastomataceae family that is native to the Cerrado (tropical savannah) and popularly known in Portuguese as croada, coroa de frade [friar’s crown], croadinha [little croada], puçá-preto [black net], or jabuticaba-do-Cerrado. The species has significant potential for use as food and medicine;...
Escherichia coli O 157 in curd cheese
February 2016
The microbiological quality of curd cheese prepared in northeastern Brazil and sold in street markets and supermarkets in the towns of Feira de Santana and Cruz das Almas BA Brazil, was evaluated for mesophyllic and psycrotrophic count, molds and yeasts, total coliforms and E. coli, and the occurrence of E. coli O157. Sixty-eight curd cheese samples were collected between February and June 2014 and the analysis...
Morphological characterization of pearl millet hybrids [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] and their parents
February 2016
The present study was undertaken to characterize pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] hybrids and their parents on the basis of morphological descriptors with the objective to identify key diagnostic characters of the genotypes. A set of 24 pearl millet genotypes (7 hybrids and their 17 parental lines) was evaluated in randomized block design (RBD) with three replications at two locations, Chaudhary Charan...
Effect of planting axles, sunlight faces and rod vibration frequencies in the mechanized coffee harvesting
February 2016
Several studies have investigated the harvest systems, locations and conditions of the coffee crop, but there are no studies about the rod frequency vibration, particularly with regard to the effects of the position of the coffee with respect to exposure of sunlight regarding production, fruit maturation, and harvest levels. Thus, this study, conducted in two crops in Patos de Minas, Minas Gerais state, Brazil,...
Page 44 of 138, showing 50 records out of 6863 total, starting on record 2151, ending on 2200
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