Evaluation of the nutritional values of dry season Fadama vegetables in Bida, Nigeria
June 2012
The proximate and mineral analysis of the some vegetables: Telfaria occidentalisHook. F., Ocimum gratissimum L., Hyptis suaveolens Poit., Talinum triangulare(Jacq.) Willd, Amaranthus hybridus L., and Corchorus olitorius L., were carried out to evaluate their nutritional value. Results showed high mean moisture contents ranging from 45.47 to 84.00%, low ash...
Effect of finger millet varieties on chemical characteristics of their malts
June 2012
Chemical changes during germination and malting characteristics of six Nepalese finger millet varieties (GPU 0025, GE 5016, Dalle, Okhle, Kabre and Juwain) were studied. Millets were steeped in water at room temperature overnight, germinated for 48 h at 28±1°C, kilned at 50±2°C for 24 h and then, chemical characteristics of unmalted and malted millets were...
Physicochemical characterization of starches from some Nigerian and Chinese roots and tubers
June 2012
Physicochemical properties of starches of two popular Nigerian sweet potato (NSP1 and 2) cultivars were studied using those from Chinese sweet potato (CSP), cassava (CC) and potato (CP) widely used for starch production, as references. Moisture, ash, protein, and phosphorus contents of the starches varied from 4.34 to 9.48%, 0.26 to 0.31%, 0.05 to 0.42% and 0.018 to 0.995%, respectively with NSP starches...
Antibiotic sensitivity of bacteria isolated from aprons of beef vendors in Port Harcourt, Nigeria
June 2012
Antibiotic (n=8) sensitivity of the bacteria isolated from twenty aprons samples of meat (beef) vendors before and after commencement of sale in a community market in Port Harcourt was assessed. Total culturable bacterial count (TCBC) before sales and during sales ranged from 50 to 80 and 35 to 6.2×102 cfu/cm2, respectively. The isolated bacteria were identified as Escherichia...
Quality assessment and safety of street vended ‘aadun’ (a maize-based indigenous snack) from selected states in Nigeria
June 2012
“Aadun” is a maize-based snack commonly consumed in Nigeria (South west). In this study, the chemical (proximate composition, fat quality indices and mineral elements), microbiological (total plate, coliform and fungal counts) and sensory qualities of twenty eight street vended “aadun” samples collected from six (Ekiti, Kogi, Kwara, Ogun, Osun, and Oyo) states in Nigeria were...
Optimization of process variables to develop honey based extruded product
May 2012
In the present work, the processing variables were optimized to study their effect on functional properties of honey based ready-to-eat expanded snack food. The blends of rice flour, wheat flour and honey were extruded in a twin-screw extruder. Experimental design with temperature (115 to 135°C), screw speed (270 to 350 rpm) and feed proportion (5 to 15%) as independent variables which...
Some functional properties of extruded acha/soybean blends using response surface analysis
May 2012
The feed, comprising of acha flour and raw full fat soybean flour were mixed in ratios of 0:100, 12.5:87.5, 25:75, 37.5:62.5 and 50:50 of soybean flour to acha flour. The feed moisture content was adjusted to 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35% levels. Extrusion was carried out in a laboratory single screw extruder with variable screws and heaters following a 4K central composite (CCD) rotatable and...
Effect of millet offal-based diets on performance, carcass cuts and haematological profile of growing rabbits
May 2012
The carcass evaluation and haematological parameters of growing rabbits fed millet offal-based diets were examined in a completely randomized design (CRD) experiment that lasted for eight weeks. Millet offal replaced maize at 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% inclusion levels for diets 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, respectively. Feeds and water were supplied ad libitum throughout the duration of the experiment....
Effect of boiling time on the quality of ‘Zogale’: A snack food produced from peanut (Arachis hypogea) cake and boiled Moringa oleifera leave
May 2012
The effect of boiling time on the quality of “Zogale” was determined. Moringa leaves were boiled for 5, 10, 15, and 20 min, after which the various portions were blended with coarsely grounded peanut cake (kulikuli), in a ratio of 75 Moringa leaves: 25 kulikuli giving Zogale samples A, B, C, and D, respectively, while sample E (from the market) served as control. The proximate...
Nutritional and microbiological characterization of pulp powder of locust bean (Parkia biglobosa Benth.) used as a supplement in infant feeding in Northern Benin
May 2012
The microbiological and nutritional characterization of locust bean pulp powder (Parkia biglobosa) was investigated. Bacteria and fungi were isolated from this product. The bacteria isolated were essentially fecal coliforms. The fungal isolates were Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus ochraceus and Penicillium digitatum. The mean total plate count of samples was 2.8 × 103 cfu/g, while the...
PStudy of the antifungal activity of essential oil extracted from seeds of Foeniculum vulgare Mill. for its use as food conservative
May 2012
The objective of this study was to evaluate in vitro antifungal activity of dry seeds’ essential oil extracted from Foeniculum vulgare Mill. The screening of antifungal activity was carried out by the diffusion and microatmospheric method. Results obtained indicate that fennel seed essential oil has an inhibiting effect on the tested strains. The method of dilution enabled us to evaluate...
Assessment of nutrients and sensory qualities of brine pre-treated catfish, smoked with two different woods’ smoke
May 2012
woods such as Anthonata mycrophylla and Dialium guinensis were studied. Thirty catfishes weighing 475 ± 50 g were harvested, killed, eviscerated and rinsed thoroughly under tap water and were divided into 3 batches of ten fishes and were immersed in 10% brine solution for 30 min. Each batch was smoked for 4 h with woods’ smoke of A. mycrophylla, D. guinensis and gas oven,...
Occurrence of fumonisins and deoxynivalenol in stored maize used in industrial productions in Zaria Nigeria
May 2012
Fifty three samples of four varieties of maize were obtained from 18 storage facilities in Zaria and its environs, all within Kaduna State, Nigeria and plated directly on potato dextrose agar (PDA). Samples which yielded Fusarium species were further tested for the presence of toxins. Seven samples yielded fumonisins alone, while both fumonisins and deoxynivalenol (DON) were found in three...
Customer satisfaction and perceptions about food services on the University for Development Studies Campus, Ghana
April 2012
Customers’ perceptions about food and service attributes are considered to be very crucial in influencing their satisfaction and behavioral intentions in the food and service industry. This study focused on customer satisfaction and the general perception about food services of two restaurants on the Nyankpala Campus of the University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana. The study further looked at the...
Yield and quality of Pycnanthus kombo kernel butter as affected by temperature-moisture interactions
April 2012
Preliminary studies of Pycnanthus kombo butter using petroleum ether as extractant have been reported. There is however, lack of data on the chemical composition of the kernels as well as an optimized method for expressing the butter from the kernels. This study discusses the chemical composition of the kernels of P. kombo as well asthe optimisation of temperature-moisture interactions for Kombo...
Nutrition for safer pregnancy, motherhood and infant survival
April 2012
Maternal nutrition has long-lasting effects on the health of the offspring. The ability of mother to provide nutrients for her unborn baby is a critical factor for fetal health and its survival. Failure in supplying the adequate amount of nutrients to meet fetal demand can lead to fetal malnutrition. The fetus responds and adapts to under nutrition but by doing so it permanently alters the structure and function of the...
Effect of sprouting on the chemical and nutritional qualities and phenolic alkaloid content of lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) seeds
April 2012
The chemical and nutritional qualities of lotus seeds sprouted in water at different temperatures (25 and 35°C) and water to seed ratio (1:2.5, 1:3.75, 1:5, 1:6.25 and 1:7.5), and their embryos’ phenolic alkaloids content were determined and compared to the non-sprouted lotus seeds (control). Sprouting of the seeds resulted to significant increases in the crude protein and crude lipid and decreases in protein...
Production and quality attributes of vegetable wine from Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn.
April 2012
Juice was extracted from dark red cultivar of Roselle calyx (Hibiscus sabdariffa) using water at a temperature of 100°C for 20 min in an automatic steam-jacket kettle. The juice was treated with 250 ppm. of sodium metabisulphite and sucrose was added to raise the sugar content of the juice. Pure wine yeast strain (Saccharomyces cervisiae) was inoculated into the juice to initiate fermentation. The resultant...
Influence of drying method and location on proximate chemical composition of African metallic wood boring beetle, Sternocera orissa (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) in Republic of South Africa
March 2012
Composition of proximate chemical composition in edible insects may depend on drying method and/or vegetation (location). Influence of drying method and location on proximate chemical composition of African metallic wood boring beetle (Sternocera orissa), widely consumed in certain rural communities of Limpopo Province, South Africa, was investigated. Randomised complete block design in a 3 × 3 factorial...
Proteolytic and lipolytic activities of Pseudomonas spp. isolated from pasteurized milk
March 2012
Psychrotrophic bacteria have been recognized as a recurring problem in refrigerated storage and distribution of perishable food products. This study was performed to isolate, characterize and evaluate the prevalence of Pseudomonas spp. in pasteurized milk. Thirty five (35) pasteurized milk samples were collected aseptically from different dairy shops, supermarkets and groceries in different areas in Sadat...
Effects of processing methods on nutrient retention and contribution of white yam (Dioscorea rotundata) products to nutritional intake of Nigerians
March 2012
Consumption of indigenous foods is being encouraged globally as a means of meeting dietary needs of people. Yam products constitute staple source of energy to many Nigerians but little is documented on their nutrient composition. This study was carried out to determine the effects of processing methods on nutrient retention and possible contribution of some diets prepared from yam to nutrient intake of consumers. Fresh...
Effect of moisture content on some physical properties of two acha varieties (Digitaria exilis and Digitaria iburua)
March 2012
The effect of moisture content on some physical properties of two varieties of acha was investigated. The moisture content levels used were 10, 14, 18, 22 and 26% dry basis (d.b.), and the two acha varieties used were Digitaria exilis and Digitaria iburua. Increase in moisture content from 10 to 26% resulted in a decrease in bulk density, solid density, porosity and specific gravity for both acha...
Synthesis and characterization of sodium carboxymethylcellulose from pod husk of Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.)
March 2012
Cacao pod husk (Theobroma cacao L.) is a by product of the cacao industry, rich in cellulose. The methodology to synthesize and uniqueness of the sodium carboxymethylcellulose (Na-CMC) is suggested by cellulose extraction from pod husk of cacao. Na-CMC was synthesized by using 20 ml NaOH at five various concentrations (11.59, 15, 20, 25, and 28.41% w/v) at 25°C for 1 h;...
Comparative assessment of the performance of Parkia biglobosa, Glycine max and Treculia africana in the production of a local condiment (dawadawa) in Ghana
March 2012
This study was conducted to assess the performance of three high protein beans (Parkia biglobosa, Glycine max and Treculia africana) in dawadawa (fermented condiment) production. The beans of the crops were boiled for an hour and then fermented for 72 h. Standard procedures were used to assess the proximate, mineral and functional properties of the resultant condiments. Sensory evaluation was also...
Functional properties and quality evaluation of “kokoro†blended with beniseed cake Sesame indicum
March 2012
A research work was carried out to evaluate the functional properties and quality of “Kokoro” blended with defatted Beniseed cake. Maize flour and Beniseed cake were mixed thoroughly in various proportions; AZO- (100%Maize), MBK-(90:10), EJT-(80:20),SIL-(70:30) and LMA-(60:40) Maize: Beniseed seed cake, respectively. The blends were each made into a thick paste, manually shaped into a noodle shape of about 3...
Physical and mechanical study on Tilapia’s skin gelatine edible films with addition of plasticizer sorbitol
March 2012
The first objective of this research is to study the mechanical and physical characteristic of edible films from tilapia skin gelatin with sorbitol as plasticizer. Second objective is to identify the effect of gelatin and sorbitol concentration level on the mechanical and physical characteristic of the edible films produce. This study uses a complete randomized design with 2 factors and treatments. The first factor was...
Quality assessment of starter- produced weaning food subjected to different temperatures and pH
March 2012
Weaning is a gradual stoppage of feeding a baby with the mother’s milk and start feeding the baby with semi-solid food such as maize, sorghum or millet which can be fermented to increase their nutrient content and carbohydrate digestibility. The weaning food was formulated by fortifying cereal (Sorghum) with legume (Cowpea) which had been cleaned, steeped in sterile distilled water for 24 h and germinated for 48 h...
Finger millet for food and nutritional security
February 2012
Finger millet is amongst the major crops of Uttaranchal. Over the years there has been rapid decline both in production and consumption of millets. Chemical composition of finger millet revealed that total carbohydrate content of finger millet has been reported to be in the range of 72 to 79.5%. Finger millet has nearly 7% protein but large variations in protein content from 5.6 to 12.70% have been reported by various...
Effects of polyethylene glycol 6000 and tripotassium phosphate on protopectinase partition in the aqueous two-phase systems using response surface methodology
February 2012
The quantitative effects of polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 and tripotassium phosphate on protopectinase partition in the aqueous two-phase systems were investigated using response surface methodology. With an increase in PEG 6000 less than about 3.6 g protopectinase partition increased and decreased later beyond about 4.75 g. Furthermore, protopectinase partition improved continually and reached the maximum with...
Effect of cross linking on the physicochemical properties of cola starch
February 2012
Cola starch from Cola nitida (rubra) was isolated using 1% (w/v) sodium metabisulphite solution and was chemically modified with sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) and acetic anhydride (ACOH) as cross-linking agents. The physicochemical and functional properties of the cross linked (modified starch) were compared with the native (unmodified) cola starch. The results presented important changes in the pasting, thermal...
Consumer acceptability of four products made from beta-carotene-rich sweet potato
February 2012
Beta-carotene-rich (orange-fleshed) sweet potato is one of a few new crops, which is an excellent source of energy and important nutritive substances that can contribute to improve the nutrient status of communities. The crop is being promoted in the developing world as a source of provitamin A towards alleviating vitamin A deficiency (VAD). The purpose of the study was to determine the consumer acceptability of...
Evaluation of aflatoxin content of naturally occurring molds from poultry feeds
February 2012
Five different samples of poultry feeds were obtained from two different markets in Ibadan, Oyo State. These are broiler starter, broiler finisher, grower mash, layer mash and chick mash. The mycological analyses were carried out for the identification of molds naturally contaminating different poultry feeds. Also, aflatoxin concentration was determined. The fungi isolated include Aspergillus...
Assessment of heavy metal concentrations in urban grown vegetables in Thika Town, Kenya
February 2012
Consumption of leafy vegetables grown in urban areas contaminated with heavy metals is a major source of health problems for both humans and animals. This study was conducted to analyze the heavy metal levels in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentumL.) and spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) grown in Thika town. Heavy metal concentration was analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. The mean concentrations of lead (Pb),...
Protein quality and sensory evaluation of moin-moin prepared from cowpea/maize flour blends
February 2012
The proximate composition, acceptability and nutritional evaluation of moin-moin prepared from cowpea/maize flour blends in the ratio 100:0 (sample A, control), 80:15 (sample B); 75:25 (sample C), 65:35 (sample D), 50:50 (sample E), 40:60 (sample F) and 30:70 (sample G), respectively were investigated. Protein quality was evaluated by feeding 28 days-old weaning albino rats with 10% protein diets formulated with sample...
Variations in physico-chemical and sensory qualities of canned unpeeled halved tomatoes as influenced by cultivar, soak treatment and brine composition
February 2012
The composition of two commonly consumed tomato cultivars (Ibadan-Local and Roma-VF) and their physico-chemical and sensory qualities after thermal processing under various conditions were evaluated. Fresh Ibadan-Local had higher titratable acidity (0.66 and 100 g) while Roma-VF had higher ascorbic acid (23.22 mg/100 g). Soluble solids, pH, total solids and lycopene were not significantly different (P>0.05). The...
Factors influencing the use of adequately iodated salt in Ghana
February 2012
Ghana is one of the largest producers of salt in West African region yet, access to and the use of adequately iodized salt is not widespread. Using the Ghana Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) 2006, this paper examined the factors influencing the use of adequately iodized salt in Ghana. Factors that influence the use of adequately iodized salt included knowledge, access to information and the wealth status. Where...
Isolation of pathogenic bacteria from some foods sold at selected private schools in Akoka area of Yaba – Lagos, Nigeria
February 2012
A total of sixty-four samples of four cooked foods from sixteen private primary schools in Akoka area of Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria were investigated for the occurrence of pathogenic bacteria. The area was divided into four zones, namely; Akoka north, Akoka south, Akoka east and Akoka west, using the four cardinal points. Four private primary schools were then selected from each of these zones. The standard plate count...
Effect of post harvest treatments on quality of whole tomatoes
February 2012
Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) is one of the most important vegetable crops cultivated all over the world for its fleshy fruits. In this work, the influence of various post harvest treatments and storage conditions on the various physico-chemical changes associated with tomatoes was investigated. The treatments consisted of sodium metabisulphite, calcium chloride dip, citric acid dip, lemon juice dip,...
Fruit borne mycoflora of Capsicum annum L (pepper), Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench (okra), and Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.(tomato) from Accra metropolis
January 2012
Fungal species composition on fresh Capsicum annum L, Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench, and Lycopersicon esculentum Mill obtained from Madina, Makola, Mallam Atta and Agbogbloshie markets in the Accra metropolis were studied. Using two media types Potato dextrose agar (PDA) and dichloran-glycerin (DG18) agar, a total of 18 fungal species belonging to 8 genera were isolated from surface...
Nutritional and antinutritional levels of some local vegetables from Delta State, Nigeria
January 2012
Levels of nutritional and antinutritional factors of five leafy edible green vegetables from Delta State, Nigeria were studied. These vegetables are consumed generally in this area and recently, Jatropha Curcus was added to the list of common vegetables. Analyses were done using standard analytical methods. Crude protein, crude lipid, carbohydrate, moisture, ash, crude fiber and colorific values, had values of...
Effects of adding vitamin E to diets supplemented with sardine oil on the production of laying hens and fatty- egg acid composition
January 2012
The aim of this study was to know the effect of adding vitamin E (VE) (100 and 200 mg/kg) to diets supplemented with sardine oil (SO) on egg fatty-acids (FA) composition. 240 Bovans hens were grouped into four treatments: T1- basal diet (BD), T2-BD+2.5% SO, T3-BD+2.5% SO+100 mg/kg VE, and T4-BD+2.5% SO+200 mg/kg VE. After four weeks, eggs were collected from each treatment, and analyzed FA content using gas...
Biochemical assessment of the mineral and some anti-nutritional constituents of Aspergillus niger fermented Chrysophyllum albidum seed meal
January 2012
Effect of fermentation using Aspergillus niger on some mineral and anti-nutritionalconstituents of Chrysophyllum albidum seed meal was carried out. Levels of the some minerals and anti-nutritients (like tannin, oxalate, saponin, phytate and cyanide) of the raw and fermented seed meal were determined. The percentage nutritionalconcentrations (%) in the raw seed were: tannin...
Potential use of roots of orange-fleshed sweet potato genotypes in the production of β-carotene rich chips in Nigeria
January 2012
Orange-fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) varieties are being propagated in Nigeria to aid in combating dietary vitamin A deficiency in the country due to their high content of β-carotene (a precursor of vitamin A in humans). Tuberous roots of yellow and orange fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) genotypes were assessed in Nigeria for their potential usage in the production of fried pro-vitamin A rich chips. Results showed that...
Variation in technological and nutritional parameters of maize treated with essential oils during storage
January 2012
Clausena anisata (Rutaceae) and Plectranthus glandulosus (Lamiaceae) is applied on the corn grains during conservation limit insect’s attacks. In addition to this first use, the present work aims to evaluate the potential of these oils to preserve technological and nutritional qualities of treated grains during 5 months of storage. Investigations carried on grains treated three times consecutively...
Nutrient content and sensory acceptability of a weaning diet formulated from mixtures of soya bean, groundnut and rice
December 2011
Flours of soya bean (variety: Anidaso), groundnut (variety: Chinese) and rice (variety:Jasmine 85) were mixed to obtain a weaning diet. The material balance method was used in obtaining the proportions of flours for mixing with 16% protein and 9% fat as the constraints (targets). The proximate nutrients, mineral concentrations and sensory qualities of the formulated diet were compared with cerevita, a...
Survey of the improvement of fish fermentation for lanhouin production in Benin
December 2011
The objective of this study was to control ‘maturation’ process of fish during the fermentation, by using bio-organisms that can give the expected improvement. Starter culture of Lactobacillus plantarum was used as bio-organism on species of fish such as Pseudotolithus senegalensis and Scomberomorus tritor. The inoculum was serially diluted (10–1 to 10–5)...
Application of response surface methodology for the study of composition of extruded millet-cowpea mixtures for the manufacture of fura: A Nigerian food
December 2011
A three-factor three level response surface methodology central composite retortable design (CCRD) was adopted to study the effect of feed composition (X1), feed moisture content (X2) and screw speed (X3) on the proximate, amino acid composition and sensory evaluation during extrusion of pearl millet and cowpea flour mixtures for the purpose of fura production. The mean observed value of protein for the...
Evaluation of weaning foods formulated from germinated wheat and mungbean from Bangladesh
December 2011
The aim of this study was to develop a weaning food for the children of Bangladesh by using available resources, for this purpose five weaning formulations (F1 to F5) based on germinated wheat and mungbean sugar and skim milk powder were processed and evaluated. For preparation of germinated wheat and mungbean flour, seeds were soaked in water for 12 h at 30°C ± 2, germinated for 60 h at 33.5°C...
The quality of Nigerian kola nuts
December 2011
Dried mature red variety nuts of Cola nitida and Cola acuminata were purchased from three major markets noted for their wholesales with a view to ascertaining the quality of the nuts and generating a baseline data towards elaborating standards for the nuts. Dirt’s and other extraneous materials were removed from the sampled nuts and oven dried at 80°C for 16 h. The nuts were physically...
Analysis of acrylamide in traditional foodstuffs in Zimbabwe
December 2011
We carried out a preliminary study on the occurrence of acrylamide in potentially high risk traditional foodstuffs consumed in Zimbabwe. Various studies have shown that acrylamide, a ‘probable human carcinogen’, is formed by high temperature thermal processing of carbohydrate rich foodstuffs (lnternational Agency for Research on Cancer, 1994). Acrylamide concentrations in roasted maize, groundnuts, soy beans...
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