Infrastructure disparities in rural India: With special reference to livestock support services and veterinary infrastructure
August 2014
The prosperity of a country depends directly upon the development of agriculture and industry, and the production of agriculture and industry requires irrigation, power, machinery, credit, energy and telecommunication facilities, marketing services, transport services which includes railway, roads, shipping and communication facilities etc. All these facilities and services which help in industrial and agricultural...
Economics of phytase enzyme supplementation in low energy-protein layer chicken diet
July 2014
A production trial was carried out utilizing 200 single comb White Leghorn hybrid Athulya layers to study the economics of phytase supplementation at three different levels in low energy-protein diet with reference to the cost of egg production and net profit per egg for a period of 20 weeks. Phytase was supplemented at 0, 500 and 1000 units/kg in low energy, protein and energy-protein layer diets containing available...
Honeybee colony marketing and its implications for queen rearing and beekeeping development in Tigray, Ethiopia
July 2014
Colony marketing is an important venture in Werieleke district of Tigray region in Ethiopia. This research was conducted in Nebelet and Maikinetal colony market centres of the district to characterize market actors, colonies, the markets and prices by interviewing 120 market actors. This was run for 6 market days at one week interval (July to September in 2010) by interviewing 5 sellers and 5 purchasers from each market...
Analysis of the determinants of the sustainability of cattle marketing systems in Zambezi Region of north-eastern communal area of Namibia
July 2014
This article aims to contribute to a better understanding of variables that influence the motivation behind the preferred choice of cattle marketing channels in north eastern communal area of Namibia. The data required for the study were collected through a small-scale survey, key informants in-depth interviews and review of secondary data were analysed using Multinomial Logistical Regression. The results showed that...
Alternative remedies and approaches used by resources-challenged farmers in the management of cattle black-leg disease in Umzingwane district, Matabeleland South, Zimbabwe
June 2014
Cattle productivity has been minimized by the occurrence of diseases such as blackleg. This study was conducted to determine and document how resource-challenged farmers of Umzingwane district of Zimbabwe use alternative remedies to manage cattle blackleg cases. Random sampling was used to select 90 beef cattle farmers who were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Results of the study revealed that cattle...
Non-genetic factors affecting fitness traits in the grasscutter (Thryonomys swinderianus)
June 2014
This study was conducted at the grasscutter section of the University of Education, Winneba, Ghana, to estimate non-genetic effects on reproductive and survival traits. Data consisted of records on 136 does from 2006 to 2010. Litter size at weaning, litter weight and lactation weight loss all increased (P < 0.01) with increasing litter size at birth. Litter weight and lactation weight loss increased (P < 0.05) at...
Effect of varying levels of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) haulms on the growth performance of weaners rabbits (Oryctalagus cuniculus)
May 2014
Thirty two, 6 to 8 weeks old rabbits of mongrel origin, balanced for sex and weighing averagely 0.92 kg were allotted to four dietary treatments in a complete randomized design (CRD) with 8 rabbits per treatment. The diets contained groundnut haulms (GH) at 40, 50, 60 and 70% levels of inclusion with a crude protein content of 16%. The rabbits were fed for eight weeks with 6 weeks of preliminary feeding and 2 weeks of...
Effect of wheat straw urea treatment and Leucaena leucocephala foliage hay supplementation on intake, digestibility, nitrogen balance and growth of lambs
May 2014
This study evaluated the effect of wheat straw urea treatment and Leucaena leucocephala (LL) foliage hay supplementation on intake, digestibility, nitrogen balance and growth of Ethiopian highland sheep. Thirty-six yearling male lambs were randomly allotted, in randomized complete design, to six dietary treatments:- untreated wheat straw (T1); urea treated wheat straw (T2); T2 plus 100, 200, 300 g LL in T3, T4, T5...
Post-thawed and fresh spermatozoa motion characteristics of Sahiwal bulls under computer-assisted semen analyser (CASA)
April 2014
In this study, motion characteristics of spermatozoa was assessed by computer assisted semen analyser (CASA) for evaluating fertility potential of Sahiwal bulls. Twelve bulls were selected and grouped into two on the basis of age (AGI < 50 months old; AGII > 50 months old) and scrotal circumferences (SCI < 33 cm; SCII > 33 cm). The following CASA parameters i.e., velocity average path (VAP, μm/s),...
Socio-economic characteristics of poultry production in lowland and midland agro-ecological zones of central Tigray, Ethiopia
April 2014
The study was conducted to explore the socio-economic characteristics of poultry production in lowland and midland agro-ecological zones of central Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. Two districts were selected using systematic random sampling method from midland and lowland agro-ecology. Out of the total chicken keepers in the area 160 sample farmers, 80 from each district were selected randomly using lottery method. Data like...
Socio-economic characteristics and husbandry practices of cattle breeders in the Vina division, Cameroon
March 2014
In order to assess socio-economic characteristics of cattle breeders and their effect on farmers’ practices, a survey was carried out in Vina division within the Adamawa highlands of Cameroon, from November, 2009 to October, 2010. Data were collected from 159 farmers in 9 localities, using a structured questionnaire. Information on breeder’s ethnic group, age, marital status, education level, number of...
Heritability and correlation among first lactation traits in Holstein Friesian cows at Holeta Bull Dam Station, Ethiopia
March 2014
Records of 433 cows from 48 sires that had at least four daughters were used to study genetic parameters for age at first calving, 305 day milk yield, first lactation milk yield, first lactation length, first service period, first dry period and first calving interval. Data were analyzed by the procedures of Restricted Maximum Likelihood Method with animal model. Age at first calving had highest heritability of...
Empirical models used for lactation curve analysis in the Chiapas sheep breed using random regression models
March 2014
The objectives of the study were to compare the goodness-of-fit of seven empirical models (orthogonal Legendre polynomials Order 1 to 4; Wood, Ali and Schaeffer and Wilmink functions) to fit lactation curves of three local colour phenotypes (brown, white, and black) of the Chiapas sheep breed; and to evaluate the effect of environmental factors affecting the parameters of the lactation curve of the model of best fit. A...
Effect of poultry litter with or without enzyme supplementation on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility and economy of rabbit production
February 2014
A 9-week feeding trial was carried out to evaluate the performance, nutrients digestibility and economics of production of rabbits fed poultry litter with or without nutrase xylase (exogenous enzyme) supplementation. 60 cross-breed rabbits with group mean weight (515 to 530 g) were randomly distributed to 10 dietary treatments at 6 rabbits to a treatment group in complete randomization. Results on chemical composition...
Feed resources availability and livestock production in the central rift valley of Ethiopia
February 2014
This study was conducted to investigate feed resource availability in association with livestock production in the Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia. Random sampling was used to select target farms. A total of 60 livestock owners were selected from two districts namely Admi Tullu Jidokombolcha and Dugda Bora both in the central Rift Valley. Structured questionnaire, focused group discussions, secondary data sources and...
Isolation of some respiratory viruses from camels
January 2014
The presence of three of the main respiratory viruses found in camels, that is, peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV), bovine para-influenza virus 3 (PIV3) and bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1), was investigated and isolation of these viruses in different cell cultures was carried out. A total of 100 pneumonic camel lungs collected from slaughterhouses were screened for the presence of PPR, PIV3 and BHV-1 viral antigens...
Outbreak of theileriosis and anaplasmosis in herd of holstein crossbred cows of Dehradun district of Uttranchal, India: A Himalyan region
January 2014
The theileriosis and anaplasmosis are not common in Himalayan region of India. However, this paper reports the outbreak of theileriosis and anaplasmosis in a herd of Holstein cross bred cows maintained at Graphic Era University Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India. This was because of introduction of native Red Sindhi cows. These native cows are in apparent carrier of theileria and anaplasmosis. Even with given treatment for...
The effect of feeding different levels of brewer’s dried grain yeast mixture on the performance of white leghorn chicks
January 2014
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of feeding different levels of Brewer’s Dried Grain Yeast mixture (BDGY) on the performance of white leghorn chicks. A total of three hundred and twenty four day-old white leghorn chicks were grouped into 18 pens of 18 chicks each, and randomly assigned to six treatments (control, 6% BDGY, 12% BDGY, 18% BDGY, 24% BDGY, 30% BDGY) according to a completely...
Breeding practice and objective of indigenous chicken in North Wollo, Amhara regional State, Ethiopia
January 2014
Characterization of breeding practices of indigenous chicken of North Wollo was conducted from January 2011 to May 2012 with the aim to identifying farmers’ trait preferences of chicken, breeding objectives and priority areas of intervention. Focus group discussions were held, followed by a survey using semi-structured questionnaires. The survey revealed that both uncontrolled and controlled mating was practiced....
Fattening performances of culled dairy bulls to boost benefits of dairy farmers in western oromia, Ethiopia
December 2013
Fattening performances for three age groups (G1=12-24, G2=25-36 and G3=37-48 months) were compared under the same feeding management to recommend the best possible age of culling of Horro Friesian crossbred bulls to boost the benefits of dairy farmers. The study was conducted for a finishing period of 90 days using the recommended level of concentrate supplementation of 3.5 kg/head/day for finishing Horro-Friesian...
Effect of feeding Leucaena pallida with concentrate and antihelmentic treatment on growth performance and nematode parasite infestation of Horro ewe lambs in Ethiopia
December 2013
The study was conducted to investigate the effect of supplementing Leucaena pallida in reducing gastrointestinal parasite load and to evaluate growth response of Horro ewe lambs to supplementation and antihelmentic treatment. A total of 32 Horro ewe lambs were randomly assigned to four treatments: Grazing, grazing + antihelmintics only, grazing + 500 g dried Leucaena pallida leaves + 200 g ground maize grain per...
In vitro usage of various non-organic compounds to subdue acidogenic value and enhance the fermentation of alfalfa hay based diets by mixed rumen microbiota
December 2013
Batch cultures of mixed rumen microorganisms were used in a randomized complete block design to study the effects of alfalfa hay-to-concentrate ratio and various non-organic buffering compounds on Acidogenic Value (AV), in vitro dry matter disappearance (IVDMD), medium pH, and AV: IVDMD ratio. Alfalfa hay was included in the experimental diets as: 80% (F80), 60% (F60), 40% (F40), and 20% (F20) on a dry matter (DM)...
Production performance of Fayoumi chickens under intensive management condition of Adami Tulu research center
December 2013
The study was done to characterize the production performance of exotic/Fayoumi chicken/under intensive management condition in semi-arid Ethiopia. Feed consumption, age at 40% egg laying, egg production, mortality rate, hatchability, external and internal their egg quality parameters used as evaluation parameters. Mean feed consumption of starter, grower and layer Fayoumi chicken under intensive management condition in...
Enhancing the productivity of livestock production in highland of Ethiopia: Implication for improved onâ€farm feeding strategies and utilization
October 2013
The feed assessment tool (FEAST) was used to characterize the farming and livestock system. Prior to data collection, a sustainable livelihoods framework (SLF) approach was used in August 2012. The result of the study depict that the contribution of grazing to dry matter (DM), metabolizable energy (ME) and crude protein (CP) content was relatively high for the above average group farmers who reserve more land for the...
Farmers’ perceived livestock production constraints in Ginchi watershed area: Result of participatory rural appraisal
October 2013
A study was conducted in Ginchi watershed area, Dandi district of Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia. The objective of the study was to identify farmers’ perception and ranking of the most important constraints to livestock production, and their perceived strategies to alleviate the problems. Data were collected and analyzed by participatory rural appraisal (PRA) tools for this study. The most important problems of...
Metabolic status and oestrous cycle in dairy cows
October 2013
A study with 40 multiparous high yielding dairy cows was conducted to investigate the influence of an induced negative energy balance (NEB) on reproductive performance. Energy restriction of 49% was performed for 3 weeks beginning on oestrous cycle day 12 of first oestrous cycle after day 85 post partum (pp). From day 20 to day 150 pp animals were monitored for ovary activity three times weekly using rectal palpation...
Biometrical multivariate study of the Zambian indigenous Fat-tailed sheep
October 2013
Body weight and twelve body measurements taken on fifteen ewes and five rams of the Zambian indigenous Fat-tailed were analysed. The sheep were extensively managed in the Southern and driest part of Zambia. The aim of the study was to achieve a preliminary assessment of type and function of the breed based on zoometrical indices produced from combinations of different morphometric values obtained from the field. The...
Evaluation of Binjharpuri cattle of India in the native tract
September 2013
Physical characterization of Binjharpuri cattle was done under a project, funded by Orissa Livestock Resources Development Society (OLRDS). This was done by collecting information on herd’s structure, prevailing management practices, body conformation, production and reproduction performance of recently registered breed of cattle viz. Binjharpuri and socio-economic profile of the farmers rearing these cattle....
Effect of non-genetic factors on milk production of Holstein Friesian × Deoni crossbred cows
September 2013
Causes of village chicken mortality and interventions by farmers in Ada’a District, Ethiopia
August 2013
The research was conducted in Ada’a district of the Eastern Shoa Zone, Ethiopia. This study was undertaken to investigate the major causes of chicken mortality under village production system and the intervention measures by farmers against the major causes of chicken mortality under village conditions. Data were collected through structured questionnaire from 180 households. Simple random sampling...
Market weight and carcass characteristics of intact yearling afar goats under semi-intensive feeding management
August 2013
This study was conducted at Werer Agricultural Research Center with the objective to investigate the effect of diets on growth and carcass characteristics and to identify the economic ration and duration required to meet the market body weight (25 to 30 kg) of Afar goats under semi- intensive feeding management. Grazing goat kids were supplemented with a concentrate mix composed of 75% Leucaena leaf (LL) hay...
Feasibility of household broiler production with the use of hay box brooder in Ethiopia
June 2013
In Ethiopia, chicks are raised by broody hen, the success of which depends on the prevalence of predators. Hay box brooder was successfully used to raise layer type chicks. In this study, a total of 270 cobb, 500 broiler chicks were used to evaluate the brooding performance of electric, modified and existing hay-box brooders of 30 chick’s capacity, in completely randomized design. Chick mortality,...
Non-linear growth models for Beetal goats
June 2013
The data were taken from the “Enhancing of Mutton Production through goat breeding” a Project run at Livestock Production Research Institute Bahadurnagar (Okara); the growth performance of Beetal goats were compared by statistical non-linear models, like Exponential, Gompertz and Logistic models. These models were based to obtain the best fitted model by following the criteria of mean absolute...
Evaluation of the fertility of broiler breeder cocks fed on diets containing differently processed sweet potato tuber in a humid tropical environment
June 2013
The high cost of poultry feedstuffs has led to the use of tropical root and tuber crops to formulate the balanced and low cost poultry diets. However, utilization of feeds compounded from roots and tubers has been low due to some identified anti-nutritional factors such as cyanide in cassava and high sugar levels in sweet potato which cause diarrhea in chicken. Furthermore, the few studies done on them have...
Reproductive potentials of rabbit does fed diets containing processed cassava peel/blood meal mixtures
May 2013
A study was conducted for 12 weeks using sixty crossbred (Newzealand white x Chinchilla) female rabbits to investigate the effect of feeding cassava peel/blood meal (CPBM) mixture (3:2) on their performance. Ten experimental diets were formulated with diets 1 serving as control. Diets 2, 3 and 4 had 10, 20 and 30% inclusion of ash treated CPBM mixture (ATD+BM); diets 5, 6 and 7 had 10, 20...
The application of animal welfare standards in intensive production systems using the assessment protocols of Welfare Quality®: Fattening pig husbandry in Northwest Germany
May 2013
The increased requirements for animal welfare have raised the need for a comprehensive on-farm assessment system. This paper is a first step to analysing the reliability and feasibility of the on-farm welfare assessment with regard to the animal-related measures of Welfare Quality© in intensive fattening pig husbandries. Based on the 2009 Welfare Quality® assessment protocols for pigs, six analyses...
Nitrogen and phosphorus management on pig farms in Northwest Germany – nutrient balances and challenges for better sustainability
May 2013
The study analyses the nutrient flow of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) on six intensive pig farms in Northwest Germany over a period of 5 years. The study investigated the farmers’ management of nutrient flows associated with intensive pig farming, focusing especially on the management of manure. It could be shown that in intensive pig production, high performance and performance-related feeding...
Carcass and physiological response of broilers fed dry heat treated mango (Magnifera indica) kernel based diet
March 2013
This study examined the replacement of dry heat treated mango kernel at different levels (0, 10, 20 and 30%) in the diet of 120 Anak broiler birds. The birds were allotted to four treatments of 10 birds each and the experiment was replicated 3 times. They were fed ad libitum and data were collected on performance [feed intake, weight gain, and feed conversion ratio (FCR)], blood and serum parameters...
The effect of feeding different levels of dried tomato pomace on the performance of Rhode Island Red (RIR) grower chicks
March 2013
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of feeding dried tomato pomace (DTP) with commercial ration on the performance of Rhode Island Red (RIR) grower chicks. A total of one hundred RIR grower chicks at eight weeks of age were grouped into 20 pens of 5 chicks each, and randomly assigned to five treatments (control; 5% DTP; 10% DTP; 15% DTP; 20% DTP) according to a completely randomized design...
Seroprevalence of two Important viral diseases in small ruminants in Marawi Province Northern State, Sudan
February 2013
A survey was conducted to investigate the prevalence of Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) and sheep pox (SP) as the most economically important viral diseases of small ruminants in Marawi province at Northern state, Sudan. A total of 254 sera samples (164 ovine and 90 caprine) were collected from various localities in Marawi province during May, 2008. All collected sera were examined for PPR antibodies using competitive...
The effect of effective microorganisms on production and quality performance of Rhode Island Red layers
February 2013
Rhode Island Red (RIR) breed of chickens are reported to be capable of acclimatization to the Ethiopian rural production environment. However, there have been serious complaints that the reproduction performance of RIR breeds of chicken is low. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Effective Micro-organisms (EM) on reproduction performance of Rhode Island Red (RIR) layers. A total of 96 RIR pullets of 16...
Salmonella control in poultry breeder farms in Sri Lanka: Effects of oral antibiotic treatment on whole blood agglutination test with Salmonella pullorum antigen
February 2013
Salmonella pullorum is a common disease in local poultry industry, which causes severe economic impact on the industry. Whole blood agglutination test (WBAT) is a screening test done to individual birds in a poultry breeder flock. It is compulsory to maintain a free status of this disease in line with the regulation declared by the Department of Animal Production and Health (2010). It is believed that of...
Socio-economic and policy issues determining sustainable fish farming In Nigeria
January 2013
A major agricultural sub-sector where achieving food security has become elusive in Nigeria is the fish production subsector. Demand for fish in Nigeria stands at about 1.5 million metric tonnes per annum while domestic production is just 511,700 metric tonnes. The wide gap between demand and supply is attributed to increasing population, improved nutrition, underdeveloped local fish farming potentials and depletion of...
Estimates of phenotypic and genetic parameters for ewe productivity traits of Lohi sheep in Pakistan
January 2013
The aims of the study were to investigate the fixed effects which are considered to influence ewe productivity and to estimate the genetic parameters for ewe productivity traits of Lohi sheep. Genetic parameters were estimated by restricted maximum likelihood (REML) procedure using the GENSTAT program. The effects of year and age of ewe were significant for fertility, litter size at birth (LSB), litter size at weaning...
Multiple and stepwise regression of reproduction efficiency on linear type traits in Sahiwal cows
January 2013
Data on some production performance traits of 1000 milch Sahiwal cows from 3451 cows maintained at the Livestock Experiment Station, Bahadurnagar, Okara, Pakistan during the period from 2000 to 2009 were selected to study the relationship between 12 linear type traits and reproductive performance of the Sahiwal cows. The reproductive efficiency (RE) was measured in terms of calving interval from the first five...
Influence of non-genetic factors on growth traits of Horro (Zebu) and their crosses with Holstein Friesian and Jersey cattle
December 2012
The present study was carried out to determine non-genetics effects on the growth performance (birth, weaning, one year weight and weight gains) of Horro cattle and their crosses (Friesian-Horro (FH) and Jersey-Horro (JH)) at Bako Agricultural Research center. The data used in the study included weight records of animals born between 1980 and 2008. Least squares means were analyzed using General Linear Model...
Effects of feed supplementation period on some reproductive parameters of female cane rats (Tryonomys swinderianus)
December 2012
Cane rat is a wild histricomorph rodent hunted in Africa for its meat. Domestication attempts have not been as successful as desired due to paucity of informations on its reproduction and fertility. In the present study, we investigated the effects of feed supplementation period on some reproductive parameters of cane rats. For this purpose, two experimental diets: Control diet (40% wheat brand and 60% maize) commonly...
Relationship between phenotypic and sperm traits of South African indigenous cockerels
November 2012
The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between body measurements such as body weight, shank, comb and wattle length and semen traits. A total of 33 Indigenous cockerels (Naked Neck, Ovambo and Potchefstroom Koekoek) were used in this experiment. Semen was collected by abdominal massage technique from each individual cockerel. Semen was analysed macroscopically (colour,...
Effect of direct-fed microbial and antibiotics supplementation on the health status and growth performance of broiler chickens under hot humid environmental conditions
November 2012
The effect of dietary direct-fed microbial (DFM) and antibiotics supplementation on health status and growth performance of broiler chickens under hot humid environmental conditions was studied. A total of 600 one-day-old Cobb hybrid broilers were randomly allotted to three dietary treatments. Three hundred and twenty (320) birds were selected out of the 600 after phase 1 and allotted to four dietary...
Effect of vitamin AD3E supplementation for haemorrhagic septicaemia vaccine in laboratory mice
May 2012
Haemorrhagic septicemia is a fatal disease in tropical countries and annual vaccination is carried out in endemic areas. It is a killed vaccine with mineral oil as the adjuvant. The protection level of animal against infectious agent can be improved by the maintenance of proper nutrient status and vitamin supplementation. This method is followed by many vaccines both in animal and human medicine to enhance...
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