Biochemical observations in wistar rats fed with the histological dye extracted from Sorghum bicolor
October 2009
The biochemical effects of the histological dye extracted from Sorghum bicolor on Wistar rats were studied. The rats were fed with different doses of the aqueous extracts, 10, 100, 1000, 1600, 2900 and 5000 mg/kg for 24 h and then sacrificed through cervical dislocation. Thereafter, the sera were analyzed for random blood sugar, AST, ALT, sodium, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate, urea and bilirubin, and...
Research and Development of Drugs – unequal for certain diseases
September 2009
South Asian version of flatbush diabetes mellitus- A case report and review article
September 2009
Ketosis prone type 2 diabetes mellitus which was once described as “atypical diabetes” is being recognized increasingly worldwide; being originally described in African population has been seen in multiple ethnic groups, especially in urban areas. These patients are typically obese, middle-aged men with a strong family history of type 2 diabetes. The pathophysiologic mechanisms involved in its cause are...
Knowledge of diabetes management and control by diabetic patients at Federal Medical Center Umuahia Abia State, Nigeria
September 2009
This survey was undertaken to assess knowledge of diabetes management and control techniques on diabetic patients attending Federal Medical Center, Umuahia and Abia States, Nigeria. A descriptive research design was used for the study and a sample of 96 patients was used. The instrument used for data collection was the questionnaire. The data were analyzed using percentages. The major findings showed that 80.2% knew...
Clinico-biochemical correlation with special reference to oxidized LDL and small dense LDL in Indian women with CAD
September 2009
In women with coronary artery disease (CAD), clinical presentation is different enough from men which lead to missed or delayed diagnosis of CAD. We therefore assessed the major risk factors and biomarkers in female subjects with CAD. Venous sample of control, unstable angina (UA) and myocardial infarction (MI) patients were taken. In Both UA and MI patients, predominant risk factor was menopause (76.7% UA,...
Determination of insulin resistance in non-diabetic Saudi adults by including fasting free fatty acids into QUICKI
September 2009
Most available diagnostic methods of insulin resistance are either unsuitable for screening or fail to detect marginal cases. It was reported that including plasma free fatty acids (FFA) into QUICK (quantitative insulin sensitivity check index) I improves its diagnostic power. The aim was to test the effectiveness of modified QUICK I against HOMA (homeostasis model assessment) and QUICK I in identifying insulin...
An assessment of the histomorphometric evidences of doxorubicin-induced testicular cytotoxicity in Wistar rats
September 2009
Doxorubicin (DOX) also known as hydroxydaunorubicin is a drug used in cancer chemotherapy. It is one of the earliest compounds derived from an antibiotic group of chemotherapy known as anthracycline. It strives to kill malignant cells and produces tumor regression in a variety of human neoplasms. However, its clinical usefulness is limited by its proven toxicity to certain organs particularly the heart and the kidney....
Preparation and evaluation of aceclofenac sustained release formulation and comparison of formulated and marketed product
September 2009
The objective of the study was to develop matrix tablets for oral controlled release of aceclofenac. Matrix tablets of aceclofenac, using various viscosity of hydrophilic polymer HPMC in two different proportions, hydrophobic polymer ethyl cellulose and Guar gum were prepared by wet granulation method and subjected to in vitro drug release studies. The drug release from all HPMC matrix tablets followed various...
Penta- and hexapeptide sharing between HPV16 and Homo sapiens proteomes
September 2009
The primary sequence of the HPV16 proteome was analyzed for penta- and hexa-peptide sequences shared with human proteins. The following data were obtained: 1) HPV16 andHomo sapiens proteomes share thousands of identical peptide motifs; 2) the overlaps are inter-dispersed among human proteins involved in fundamental housekeeping functions as well as crucial processes such as cell growth, differentiation...
A study of the role of hydrogen peroxide production by lactobacilli in preterm labor
September 2009
Some species of lactobacilli are hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) producers which may have a protective effect against vaginal colonization by pathogenic species. The aim of this study was to investigate the lactobacillary flora in normal pregnant women and pregnant women with preterm labor, by smear and Nugent score and to assess the distribution of lactobacilli generating hydrogen peroxide in both groups and its correlation...
Ameliorative effects of α-tocopherol on cypermethrin induced oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in Wistar rats
September 2009
Environmental contamination of pyrethroids is responsible for increasing oxidative stress in man and animals. The present study was aimed to investigate the ameliorative effects of α-tocopherol on different stress parameters in rats. Significant (p<0.05) increased catalase activity in cypermethrin treated rats is maintained normal by the supplementation of α-tocopherol. Significantly reduced (p<0.05)...
Effects of soy protein on selected enzymes in tissues of rats fed a cholesterol diet
September 2009
Soy protein, an important component of soybeans is unique among plant-based protein because of its associated isoflavones. Isoflavones are a group of compounds with variety of biological properties that may potentially benefit human health. Their actions in various tissues have motivated researchers to access the possible related mechanisms and functions. This study is aimed at determining the effect of soy protein on...
Health disparity– a concern
August 2009
Regulation of tubulin expression: Multiple overlapping mechanisms
August 2009
Tubulin is the main constituent of microtubules, a macromolecule participating in a variety of essential cell phenomena. Although the roles of microtubules have been extensively described, the regulation of tubulin expression remains largely unexplored. This review gives an overall view of the regulatory mechanisms of tubulin expression reported in the literature. The first model proposed to explain the regulation...
Pemphigus vulgaris associated with significant periodontal findings: A case report
August 2009
The purpose of this article is to report a case of Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) associated with periodontitis and role of dermatologist and periodontist in its management in the routine practice. Periodontitis is a plaque induced inflammation involving and destroying the supporting alveolar bone, cementum and periodontal ligament. Pemphigus is a group of bullous diseases that affect the oral mucosa and...
End stage renal disease patient presenting with breast pain: Case report
August 2009
Key words: Calciphylaxis, end stage renal disease, breast necrosis, breast pain, secondary hyperparathyroidism
Efficacy and safety of curative catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation
August 2009
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia in clinical practice. Its treatment is still widely debated due to the large variety of therapeutic options. Radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) around pulmonary vein ostia and in left atrium has been proposed as a curative technique to treat AF and is now performed with increasing success worldwide. However, few randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are...
Nutritional status of undergraduates in a Nigerian university in South-west Nigeria
August 2009
The study evaluated the nutritional status and eating habits of undergraduate students in a Nigerian University. One hundred undergraduates (ages 15 to 40 years) of the Lagos State University, Ojo participated in the study. General information, anthropometric data, as well as a 7-day dietary recall were obtained by means of questionnaire. Venous blood samples were collected from the respondents and analyzed for vitamins...
Prevalence and determinants of unmet need for family planning in Nnewi, South-east Nigeria
August 2009
The unmeet need for family planning is a very useful tool in measuring and predicting the contraceptive needs of a population. A descriptive cross sectional study of 356 women attending the antenatal clinic of Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria, was carried out to determine the level of unmeet need and its determinants. Three hundred and forty (95.5%) of the respondents had knowledge about...
Study of periodic breathing and human respiratory system
August 2009
A theoretical study of respiratory stability, based on a simple CO2 and O2 model of the respiratory system has been investigated. A model of the human respiratory system is proposed which has a satisfactory performance under different physiological conditions. It is shown that the central component is not involved in respiratory instability phenomena such as periodic breathing whereas the peripheral...
Awareness and knowledge of HIV/AIDS at booking among antenatal clinic attendees in Uyo, Nigeria
August 2009
Sub-saharan Africa bears the major brunt of the global HIV/AIDS pandemic and 10% of these infections are due to vertical or mother-to-child transmission (MTCT). Interventions to prevent mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) in the developed world have resulted in a dramatic decline in pediatric HIV/AIDS. A study of the awareness, knowledge and previous testing for HIV/AIDS among antenatal clinic attendees at the...
Cerebrospinal fluid characteristics of PCR diagnosed enteroviral meningitis (EVM) in children
August 2009
Distinguishing bacterial from viral meningitis helps prevent unnecessary use of antibiotics and decreases the length of stay. The distinction may often be blurred by the typical textbook description of viral meningitis which states that mononuclear cells predominate in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The aim of the work is to accurately describe the CSF response in a group of children with enteroviral meningitis...
Torsade de pointes in a patient with bronchopenumonia and atrial fibrillation treated with clarithromycin
August 2009
Clarithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic widely used in pulmonary infection and Helicobacter pylori eradication. QT prolongation on an electrocardiogram with torsade de pointes is an uncommon fatal side effect. We report a patient with atrial fibrillation and congestive heart failure who develops torsade de pointes after clarithromycin, tamoxifen, amoxillin/clavulanate, digoxin and verapamil use, and discuss...
The digitization of medical records
July 2009
Immune-diagnosis of latent toxoplasmosis in childbearing age women in rural areas in EL Geizera State, Sudan
July 2009
The current study is aimed to evaluate the prevalence rate of latent toxoplasmosis among childbearing women in rural areas in EL Geizera State. A total of 255 plasma samples were collected from two villages; AL Nuba and EL Massoudia in EL Geizera State,...
Preclinical biochemical studies using a novel 5-aminolevulinic acid ester derivative with superior properties for photodynamic therapy of tumors
July 2009
We have synthesized a novel 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) ester derivative from reacting ALA with β-citronellol and tested its potential for treatment of tumors by photodynamic therapy (PDT) in comparison to the widely used agents, ALA and Me-ALA (the methyl ester of ALA). The β-citronellol-ALA ester derivative was far superior to ALA in causing complete destruction of solid skin tumors after PDT...
Effect of chlorine dioxide gas of extremely low concentration on absenteeism of schoolchildren
July 2009
Gas-generating devices of chlorine dioxide (ClO2) are used as deodorant of rooms. We happened to use a commercial tabletop deodorant canister that releases extremely low-concentration ClO2 gas in a school classroom as deodorant. We found retrospectively and unexpectedly that during a period of 38 consecutive school days the rate of schoolchildren absent from the school was markedly lower (1.5%) in a classroom where the...
Artemisinin resistant malaria on the horizon
June 2009
Parameters of immune and antioxidative systems can be considered as surgical stress markers for gastric cancer patients
June 2009
Cytokines, haematological indices, lipid peroxidation product and antioxidative system parameters were investigated for surgically treated and red blood cells transfused stages 3 and 4 gastric cancer patients. Serum of 58 patients was analysed at pre-surgical and post-surgical periods (after 7 and 14 days). TGF-beta1 and TNF-alpha were tested by ELISA. Haematological indices were analyzed by standard methods....
Maternal serum leptin levels in severe preeclamptic pregnant women in early postpartum stage
June 2009
The aim of this study is to determine early postpartum maternal serum leptin levels in severe preeclamptic pregnant women. This study was planned as a prospective controlled trial. The patient and control groups in the study were composed in the period between January 2003 and January 2004. The study, performed in the Department of Perinatology of SSK Bakirkoy Maternal Hospital and Women and...
Cysteamine in 3- nitropropionic acid model of Huntington’s disease in rats: Modulation of mitochondrial function and amino acid pattern
June 2009
Huntington disease (HD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is characterized by selective atrophy and cell loss within the striatum. 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP) is a mitochondrial toxin that induces experimental HD-like disorders. Currently, although there is no treatment that can prevent the striatal neuropathology, cysteamine is considered one of the most promising candidate drugs for HD. Previous studies showed that...
Biofilm formation by Mycoplasma fermentans on intrauterine devices
June 2009
Microbial biofilm are communities of sessile microorganisms formed by cells that are attached irreversibly to a substratum or interface or to each other and embedded in hydrated matrix of extracellular polymeric substances. Bacterial biofilm formation on intrauterine devices is a very important event in the pathogenesis and evolution of infections associated with the use of these medical devices. Mycoplasmas are typical...
Microscopic thymoma accompanying simple thymic hyperplasia
May 2009
Thymic pathologies such as lymphoid follicular hyperplasia or thymoma are seen in 75% of myasthenia gravis subjects. Microscopic thymoma is a lesion that is seen in 15% of myasthenia gravis patients. The World Health Organization defines microscopic thymoma as a “ usually multifocal epithelial proliferation <1 mm in diameter”. Microthymoma, in other words microscopic-sized thymoma, should be considered in...
Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia and cerebral lymphoplasmocytic proliferation: Bing-Neel syndrome
May 2009
A rare phenomenon: Purple urine bag syndrome in a chronic lymphocytic leukaemia patient
May 2009
Key words: Purple urine bag syndrome, chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, Proteus mirabilis.
Lasthenie de Ferjol syndrome in child: Is it possible?
May 2009
Key words: Hypochromic anemia, Lasthenie de Ferjol, psychotherapy.
Unilateral cerebellar calcification with surrounding gliotic changes in a child
May 2009
Key words: Cerebellar calaification, gliotic, consciousness.
Recommended approach of the obese Greek military personnel
May 2009
The worldwide “escalating epidemic” of obesity merits a high priority for preventive strategies in the Greek Armed Forces. In this report a brief realistic approach of the overweight Greek military personnel based on new developments is presented. Key words: Obesity, military personnel, Greek
Implications of I/ D (rs4340) polymorphism in CAD among South Indian population
May 2009
Genetic factors are important in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease (CAD). The I/D polymorphism in the Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene is a genetic risk factor for CAD patients who have a history of Myocardial Infraction (MI). We investigated the association between I/D polymorphism of the ACE gene and the presence of CAD in one hundred patients (79 males and 21 females, aged between 21- 82) who...
Biochemical markers of bone metabolism after a 3-mo Zizyphus spina-christi supplementation on postmenopausal women with osteoporosis
May 2009
The use of dietary phyto-oestrogens as a possible option for the prevention of osteoporosis has raised considerable interest because of the increased concern about the risks associated with the use of hormone-replacement therapy. However, the evidence in support of a bone-sparing effect in post-menopausal women is still not sufficiently convincing. Most studies have been performed on soyabean isoflavones (genistein and...
Causes and renal morphological changes in chronic renal failure: a retrospective study of 50 autopsy cases
May 2009
The paper aims to determine the age and sex distribution of patients with end stage renal disease in Benin City, Nigeria, to study renal changes in chronic renal failure and determine where possible the causal/associated aetiopathologic agents in relation to chronic renal failure, and to compare results with those of similar studies done in other parts of the country. Complete autopsy was carried out on bodies of 50...
Frequency of hepatitis B and hepatitis C infections and its association with development of factor VIII inhibitor in hemophiliacs in Hamadan Province of Iran
May 2009
The aim of the present study was to determine the frequency of hepatitis B and C infections; to analyze the markers of inflammation and liver function tests; and to assess the possible association between factor VIII inhibitor and hepatitis C and/or hepatitis B infections in hemophiliacs of Hamadan province of Iran. Subjects with confirmed diagnosis of hemophilia who agreed to participate were recruited in this...
Prolonged administration of high doses of copper nicotinate to rats: Effect on biochemical and cellular constituents of blood and on copper level in serum, liver and muscle
May 2009
The effect of prolonged administration of high doses of copper nicotinate on biochemical and cellular constituents of blood and on copper level in serum, liver and muscle was studied in rats. Oral administration of copper nicotinate at doses of 0.8 or 4.0 mg/kg body weight (b. wt.) for 6 weeks did not affect GOT, creatinine or cholesterol in serum of rats. When given at 4.0 mg/kg b. wt. for 8 weeks copper nicotinate...
Antimicrobial compounds from marine halophytes for silkworm disease treatment
May 2009
Forty-five crude methanolic extracts from 23 marine halophytes were screened against five bacterial and two fungal saprophytic pathogens of diseased silkworm Bombyx mori. Amongthirty-four mangrove samples screened for antibacterial activity, the leaf extract of Rhizophora mucronata showed maximum inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus (20 mm dia.). The seaweed species of Padina...
Ethnomedicinal studies on some pteridophytes of Similipal Biosphere Reserve, Orissa, India
May 2009
Investigations had been made on medicinal values of higher plants but pteridophytes are often ignored. In spite of the luxuriant growth of these plants in and around Similipal in Mayurbhanj district of Orissa, northern India, they had not been studied taxonomically or ethnobotanically. The dominant tribes involved in using pteridophyte as medicines in the district...
Feasibility of a nested PCR for the diagnosis of vaginal trichomoniasis: Study in Al-Madinah Al-Munwarrha, Saudi Arabia
May 2009
In the present study, three vaginal swabs were collected from 1469 females clinically suspected of having Trichomonas vaginalis (T. v) infection. All samples were screened by both wet mount and Diamond's culture media that was considered as the golden standard in this study. T. vaginalis gene detection by nested PCR using 4 primers targeting the Tv-E650 gene was performed on the preserved...
Evaluation of the association of NOD2/CARD15 gene polymorphisms with clinical course of Turkish Crohn’s disease patients
May 2009
NOD2/CARD15 gene variants may be associated with distinct phenotypic expressions of Crohn’s disease, however, this association may change according to the ethnic and regional variation. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of NOD2/CARD15 gene mutations on disease phenotype in Turkish Crohn’s disease patients. Fourty-five Crohn’s disease patients (32 males, 13 females) with a mean age of...
Evaluation of immunohistochemistry with a panel of antibodies against recombinant mycobacterial antigens for the diagnosis of tuberculous lymphadenitis
May 2009
Diagnosis of tuberculous lymphadenitis can be an enigma owing to its varied clinical manifestation and also due to the low sensitivity of conventional bacteriological methods to confirm the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The present study was precisely designed to evaluate the potential diagnostic application of immunohistochemistry using a panel of antibodies against mycobacterial antigens for the diagnosis of...
Cerebral malaria among children from central Sudan and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 mutation
May 2009
The study was carried out to investigate the distribution of cerebral malaria in central region and to identify ICAM-1 alleles and genotypes frequency in Sudanese population in the region. Fifty children with cerebral malaria and 50 age- and sex-matched healthy controls with no history of cerebral malaria were enrolled in the study. The highest incidence of cerebral malaria was found between the ages of 4 – 8...
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