In sacco degradation of Tephrosia candida and Leucaena leucocephala in mixtures with Panicum maximum using fistulated West African dwarf sheep
May 2013
An experiment was conducted to compare the utilization of Tephrosia candida and Leucaena leucocephala in mixtures with Panicum maximum as feed for small ruminants, using the artificial bag technique of feed evaluation. Three West African dwarf (WAD) sheep with rumen cannula were used for the experiment. T. candida was formulated into diets with P. maximum as diets A, B...
Dietary arginine supplementation altered expression of IGFs and IGF receptors in weaning piglets
April 2013
Young piglets have a high requirement of arginine for growth and metabolic function, but the sow milk or endogenous synthesis cannot provide enough arginine for maximal growth. Dietary Arginine supplementation can improve the immunity of early-weaned piglets and enhance the skeletal muscle synthesis for growth. The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling pathway is an important regulatory factor in regulating fetal...
Influence of reproductive cycle, sex, age and season on haematologic parameters in domestic animals: A review
April 2013
Haematologic parameters play a pivotal role in clinical diagnosis, the evaluation of patient before surgical intervention and in monitoring responses to therapy. The paper reviews haematologic parameters as influenced by exogenous and endogenous factors, including reproductive cycle, sex,age and season, with emphasis on domestic animals reared in the tropics. It is concluded that reproductive cycle, sex, age and season...
Department of Biological Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria.
March 2013
One of the most prominent disease conditions in cassava endemic regions of the world is movement disorders. In this study, we investigate the movement disorder from the cortical and cerebellar point of view. Most toxicity studies involving movement disorder has been greatly linked to the motor cortex, thus, we examined neurodegeneration both in the motor cortex and the cerebellar cortex. This study also evaluated the...
Effect of sucrose and propylene glycol on the vitrification of sheep oocytes
March 2013
Vitrification solutions containing both permeating and non-permeating cryoprotectants provide better productions of oocytes during freezing and thus contribute to the survival of oocytes. We have investigated the efficency of sucrose in combination with propylene glycol (PROH) on the cryopreservation of the oocytes at the meoisis II (MII) stage. The vitrification of sheep oocytes was performed using 5 M PROH, PROH...
Effect of dietary prebiotic and acidifier supplementation on the growth performance, carcass characteristics and serum biochemical parameters of broilers
February 2013
This study investigated the effect of dietary supplementation with the fermacto prebiotic and Biotronic®S.E (an acidifier) on the growth performance, carcass characteristics and serum biochemical parameters of broiler chickens. 240 day old Ross 308 broilers were equally distributed into 24 floor pens and reared for 42 days. A basal diet was formulated according to the recommendations of NRC for starter (1 to 21...
Effects of prostaglandin F2α treatment on semen characteristics of crossbred rams in the non-breeding season
February 2013
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of administration of PGF2α on semen characteristics in crossbred rams in the non-breeding season. Twenty crossbred rams (Arkhar-Merino × Moghani and Arkhar-Merino × Ghezel) were randomly allocated into two equal groups. The experimental group received 7.5 mg IM of Estroplan (PGF2α analogue) and the control group received...
Genetic analyses of first lactation traits of Boran and their crosses with Holstein and Jersey in central highlands of Ethiopia
January 2013
Data obtained from Holeta Agricultural Research Center in Ethiopia were analyzed to compare the Boran cattle and the crossbreds and estimate genetic and crossbreeding parameters for first lactation traits. First lactation traits studied were first lactation total milk yield (FLMY), first lactation length (FLL), milk yield per day to first lactation (FLDMY), first 305 days milk yield (MY305) and adjusted first...
Effects of molasses level in a concentrate mixture on performances of crossbred heifer calves fed a basal diet of maize stover
January 2013
This study was conducted to evaluate the growth performance and feed intake of crossbred (Boran x Holstein Friesian) female calves fed different levels of molasses in concentrate mixture using 24 yearlings calves with average initial weight of 142.4±20.7 kg which lasted for 90 days. The calves were assigned into treatments having 0 (T1), 15 (T2), 30 (T3) and 50% (T4) molasses which replaced wheat bran in...
Effect of lead on gill and liver of blue spotted ray (Dasyatis kuhlii)
December 2012
The aim of study was to analyze the effect of lead nitrate Pb(NO3)2 on gill and liver of blue spotted rayDasyatis kuhlii using a histological observation. The rays were placed in five tanks filled by seawaterwith three fishes for each tank. Blue spotted rays, Dasyatis kuhlii were treated for 12 days by using different concentrations of lead nitrate (Pb(NO3)2), that is, 0 ppm...
Lycopene enhanced behavioral and cognitive responses through decreased brain oxidative stress biomarker in Wistar rats subjected to psychological stress
November 2012
Twenty-eight, adult, male, 10 - 14 weeks old Wistar rats weighing 190 - 220 g were divided into four groups: unstressed control (U-Control), unstressed + Lycopene (U+Lyco), stressed control (S-Control) and stressed + Lycopene (S+Lyco), to investigate the effect of lycopene on stressed rats. Olive oil was administered by oral gavage to each rat in the groups, either singly or...
Photoperiod as a factor for studying fluctuations of seminal traits during breeding and non-breeding seasons
November 2012
The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of photoperiod on the seminal traits of crossbreed wool-producing rams throughout one year period. For the effect of photoperiod (PTP), two periods were considered: Decreasing daylight length (summer and autumn) and the other, increasing daylight length. For this study, 5 Baluchi × Moghani (BL × MG) and 5 Arkharmerino × Moghani (AM...
Maternal nicotine exposure altered expression of laminin α 5 in lung tissue newborn mice
October 2012
Maternal smoking has been clearly demonstrated to be associated with increased health problems in infants and children. Nicotine is a chemical substance with high level of toxicity. It crosses through the placenta and accumulates in the developing organs of fetus. Previous investigation indicated that maternal nicotine exposures induce decreased fibronectin expression in lung parenchyma. In this study, the effect of...
Traditional and modern practices in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of animal diseases in South Kordofan State, Sudan
October 2012
The present study shows at least 32 animal diseases of different etiological factors found to be prevalent in South Kordofan State. The most economically important ones are: foot and mouth disease, pox infections, lumpy skin disease, hemorrhagic septicemia, black quarter, contagious bovine pleuro pneumonia, and parasites infestations. Practically, all of these diseases have local names and most of them can be diagnosed...
Antihyperglycemic activities of methanolic leaf extract of Anacardium occidentale (Linn.) on the pancreas of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
September 2012
Anacardium occidentale is a plant with reported antidiabetic and antioxidant properties. The stem, leave and bark extracts are known to contain saponin, phenolics, flavonoids, vitamins and selenium. Diabetes is a multisystemic disease characterised by defects in insulin secretion or inaction. In this study, forty male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) were randomly divided into four experimental groups A, B,...
Field survey and comparative biology of tea mosquito bug (Helopeltis spp.) on cashew (Anacardium occidentale Linn.)
September 2012
Cashew (Anacardium occidentale Linn.) has become a very important tree crop in India. Several insect pests, however, have been recorded on cashew and prominent among which is the tea mosquito bug (TMB), Helopeltis spp. (Hemiptera: Miridae). Field survey from November 2009 to November 2011 suggests that Helopeltis antonii was dominant, which accounted for 82% of all Helopeltis spp....
Haplotype diversity of Tribolium castaneum H. (Coleotera, Tenebrionidae) pest of stored millet in Senegal
August 2012
In Senegal, millet occupies the most important place among the cereal crops. This cereal stocks are attacked by the Coleoptera, usch as Tribolium castaneum. This beetle attacks grains and causessignificant losses on stocks of beaten millet in the Sahelian zone. The objective of this study is togenetically characterize the populations...
Histochemical evaluation of the activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the visual relay centers of rat (Rattus norvegicus), bat (Eidolon helvum) and pangolin (Manis tricuspis)
August 2012
Activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH) for the pentose phosphate pathway and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) for the glycolytic pathway were compared in the rat (Rattus norvegicus), bat (Eidolon helvum) and pangolin (Manis tricuspis) visual relay centers to observe possible modifications that enable these mammals to cope with their habitation. Ten species each of both sexes were used for this...
Oxidant/antioxidant response during fasting and exhaustive swimming in the kidney of trained mice
July 2012
There are no reports on the oxidant/antioxidant response in the kidney of trained mice, during the process of short-term fast or exhaustive exercise. Trained mice (TR) and untrained (NO) but only adapted to swimming were submitted to fasting or exhaustive swimming for 2, 4 and 6 h, and observed at 4 and 24 h of recovery. Measurements were made of the concentration of Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS), total...
The comparison of lactation performance and milk fatty acid composition of Sarabi indigenous and Holstein cows
July 2012
The objective of this study was to specify fatty acid content of milk from Sarabi indigenous cows and compare it with milk fatty acid profile of Holstein cows. Ten Holstein and twelve Sarabi confinement cows that have been fed on total mixed ration with corn silage, alfalfa hay and dairy concentrate were used in a completely randomized design. Holstein cows had greater milk production (P<.0001), whereas...
Antihyperglycemic activities of methanolic leaf extract of Anacardium occidentale (Linn.) on the pancreas of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
June 2012
Anacardium occidentale is a plant with reported antidiabetic and antioxidant properties. The stem, leave and bark extracts are known to contain saponin, phenolics, flavonoids, vitamins and selenium. Diabetes is a multisystemic disease characterised by defects in insulin secretion or inaction. In this study, forty male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) were randomly divided into four experimental groups A, B, C...
Evaluation of the effects of Thymus vulgar on degradability kinetics of canola meal for ruminant using in vitro gas production technique
June 2012
The aims of this study were to determine the chemical composition of canola meal and estimation of the effects of two doses (0 and 0.15 ml / 200 mg canola meal samples) of Thymus vulgar extract on canola meal degradability by in vitro gas producing techniques. Fermentation of canola meal samples were carried out with rumen fluid obtained from three mature canulated steers. The amount of gas...
Evaluating the effect of Hypericum perforatum on antibody titers obtained from B1 and La Sota vaccines in broiler chicks with HI test
May 2012
Nowadays using of live and killed vaccines is usually done to prevent Newcastle disease of poultry; however, some of the poultry farms are being encountered with this disease, because the available vaccines do not produce enough antibody titres. In this research, an attempt was made to investigate the effect of using an immune stimulator named Hypericum perforatum on antibody production against Newcastle...
The use of organic acids in monogastric animals (swine and rabbits)
May 2012
The risk of bacteria acquiring resistance to specific antibiotics led to a ban of antibiotics as growth promoters in European Union (EU) since January 2006. In recent decades, organic acids (acidifiers)have been used as potential alternatives to antibiotics in monogastric animals’ diets in order to improve growth performance and prevent diseases. The probable mode of actions of organic acids...
Optimal incubating time of in vitro bromodeoxyuridine labeling of human umbilical cord blood- mononuclear cells and their functional assessment in ICH rats
May 2012
Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) is a thymidine analog that is ready to be incorporated into DNA and can be used as a marker for in vitro pre-labeling of isolated stem cells. The objective of this study was to explore the optimal incubating time of in vitro BrdU labeling for human umbilical cord blood - derived mononuclear cells (HUCB-MCs). The mononuclear cells were isolated by the standard...
Evaluation of four serological tests to detect prevalence of bovine brucellosis in Khartoum State
May 2012
To estimate the prevalence rate of bovine brucellosis in Khartoum State of Sudan and to compare the different serological tests, 636 stratified random samples of milk from farms and markets in the state were collected. Individual milk and blood samples were also collected from farms which showed positive reaction to the bulk milk ring test. All these samples were tested for Brucella antibodies using the milk...
cDNA, genomic sequence cloning and over-expression of ribosomal protein P2 gene (RPLP2) from the Giant Panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca)
April 2012
RPLP2 is a component of the 60S large ribosomal subunit encoded by RPLP2 gene and directly participate in protein synthesis, which is located in the cytoplasm. The cDNA and genomic sequence ofRPLP2 were cloned successfully from the Giant Panda using RT-PCR and Touchdown-PCR technology, respectively. The results showed that the cDNA fragment cloned is 394 bp in size, containing an open reading frame of 348...
Antibiotic resistance profile of Escherichia coli isolated from apparently healthy domestic livestock in South-East Nigeria
April 2012
This study was conducted to determine the antibiotic resistance profile of Escherichia coli isolated from apparently healthy domestic livestock viz: cattle, goats, poultry and swine from three states in South East of Nigeria. E. coli was isolated using Eosin Methylene Blue agar (EMB) and identified by conventional microbiological technique. The isolates were tested against 14 antibiotics using...
Effect of Fufang Jiangzhi No. 3 on cholesterol-bile acid metabolism in New Zealand white rabbit fed with cholesterol-rich diet
April 2012
The effect of Fufang Jiangzhi No. 3 on cholesterol-bile acid metabolism in New Zealand white rabbit fed with cholesterol-rich diet was studied. 24 male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly assigned into control group (Group A), hypercholesterolemia model group (Group B), and Fufang Jiangzhi No. 3 treatment group (Group C). Groups B and C were fed with cholesterol-rich diet (containing 1% cholesterol) 120 g/day during...
Study of the wildlife acarology (Acari: Oribatida) in the palm groves of Biskra
April 2012
This study, conducted in the region of Biskra, allows to define eight species of oribatid living in two palm groves of 7 and 10 years, seven species in palm groves of one and three years and finally, three species in a palm grove of five years. No species has been found in the witness palm grove. The prevailing species in all these palm groves is Scheloribates sp. with 450 individuals. This study...
Evaluation of the effects of bovine demineralized bone matrix and coralline hydroxyapatite on radial fracture healing in rabbit
April 2012
Stimulating bone production may be applied to the management of fractures, non-unions, and osteomyelitis. Hydroxyapatite is compatible and osteoconductive for bone regeneration. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of osteoinductive activity of xenogenic demineralized bone matrix (DBM) in combination with osteoconductive hydroxyapatite (HA) in osseous location. Twenty four adult New Zealand white rabbits...
Antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli O 157:H7/NM isolated from feaces of ruminant animals in Iran
March 2012
Bacterial resistance to antimicrobial agents is a phenomenon problem, and the understanding of resistance acquisition and transmission can contribute to the development of new strategies to the clinical and socio-economic implication of this phenomenon, especially in ruminant animals. A total of 327 fecal samples of ruminant animals were examined for E. coli O157:H7/NM and the antibiotic susceptibility testing...
Growth curve estimation in pure goat breeds and crosses of first and second generation in Tunisian oases
March 2012
Five non-linear statistical models were tested to fit the growth curve parameters of the kids of indigenous, Alpine and Damascus goats and their crosses. Data from 16 years’ periodical weight study was used to adjust the growth curve of 1,687 suckling kids before they attained the age of five months. Among the tested models, the iterative procedure made it possible for the Gompertz model to be identified as the...
Study on prevalence of parasitic diseases in cattle in Abyei area – Sudan
March 2012
This study was designed to compare information on parasitic diseases occurrence in nomadic cattle herds in Abyei area. Collection of data from the veterinary records, Veterinary drug centres, questionnaire and external parasites, faecal and blood samples from animals were carried out for one year. The clinical records showed that, parasitic diseases constitute a major problem, and formed 53% of the total diseases...
Biological targeting and drug delivery in control of Leishmaniasis
March 2012
Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by a protozoan parasite of the genusLeishmania. Visceral leishmaniasis is the most severe type and is transmitted by the phlebotomine sandflies of genera Lutzomyia (New World) or Phlebotomus (Old World) to human and other vertebrates. Leishmaniasis is widespread in developing countries with current mortality rate of 50 thousand deaths per year. The...
Evaluation of mice, sheep and human IgG and IgE antibody responses against the mice Crude Hydatid Cyst Fluid (HCF) antigens
March 2012
Hydatidosis is a dangerous parasitic disease which commonly occurs in humans and animals. It annually causes many economic and health problems throughout the world. The existing diagnostic kit uses sheep cystic fluid antigen as an available antigen to evaluate the human IgG antibody. The current study was designed to evaluate an alternative antigen which is the mice HCF antigen for such diagnosing kit. For this purpose...
Growth arrest induction of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes by serum starvation and their differentiation by the hormonal adipogenic cocktail
March 2012
The current methods for differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes start with growth arrest by contact inhibition. However, on day 6, 3T3-L1 preadipocytes reliably detach and differentiation could no longer proceed. In the present study, we used serum starvation to induce growth arrest in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and investigated their differentiation by the modified hormonal adipogenic cocktail. About 85% of 3T3-L1...
Determination of zearalenone contamination in wheat and rice in Chaharmahal va Bakhtyari, Iran
February 2012
Zearalenone (Mycotoxin F2) is a mycotoxin produced by genus Fusarium in cereals. This mycotoxin is a non-steroidal metabolite with esterogenic-like effects that causes reproductive problems in animals specially swine (infertility, abortion) and hyperestrogenism in women. The current study explores zearalenone contamination in wheat and rice. A total of 35 samples were collected from ShahreKord...
Biological characteristic of an embryonic fibroblast line from Xiaoshan chicken for genetic conservation
February 2012
A fibroblast line from embryos of Xiaoshan chicken was established successfully by direct culture of explants and cryopreservation techniques. The cells were morphologically consistent with fibroblasts, and the population doubling time (PDT) was about 46.72 h. According to karyotyping and G-banding, the diplontic cells with 78 chromosomes accounted for 98.58±1.27% of the total cells. The cells were tested for...
Modulating effects of quercetin on aldehyde oxidase (OX-LDL) and hepatocytes injury in Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat
February 2012
Quercetin (QR) is a strong antioxidant and long-term treatment for STZ-diabetic animals and it has been shown to reduce oxidative stress. Antioxidants have essential effect on liver diseases. Enhanced oxidative stress and changes in antioxidant capacity are considered to play an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic diabetes mellitus. Wistar male rat (n = 40) were allocated into three groups, control group (n =...
Effects of selenium and vitamin E and night or day feeding on performance of Holstein dairy cows during hot weather
February 2012
An experiment was carried out to evaluate the selenium-vitamin E and night time or day time feeding on performance of Holstein dairy cows in heat stress. A total of 20 Holstein dairy cows (86±10 days postpartum and 600±20 kg BW) were randomly assigned to 4 treatments in a 2×2 factorial design and received a ration according to National Research Council (NRC) 2001 formulation. All dairy cows...
Determination of Cd, Pb, Hg, Cu, Fe, Mn, Al, As, Ni and Zn in important commercial fish species in northern of Persian Gulf
January 2012
The concentration of 10 metals [Cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), aluminum (Al), arsenic (As), nickel (Ni) and zinc (Zn)] were measured in muscle, gill and liver of 14 species from Hormoz Strait in North Costal of Persian Gulf in 12 months (April 2009 to March 2010). All samples were analyzed for Cd, Pb, Cu, Fe, Mn, Al, As, Ni and Zn concentrations by inductively coupled...
New host records for fish nematodes from Iran
January 2012
This study investigated the infections of nematodes in fish. A total of 244 fish specimens were examined in four stations (Halil, Shur, Konarooieh and Jafar Abad) of Kerman province southeastern Iran from June 2009 to June 2010. The fish under investigation were: Capoeta damascina (109 specimens), Cyprinion watsoni (79 specimens), Schistura sargadensis (34 specimens) and Channa...
Evaluation of the potential of human mesenchymal stem cell engrafted after in utero transplantation in murine model
January 2012
Mesenchymal stem cells derived from human placenta (hPMSc) is an important alternative source of adult stem cells. These cells with multilinear capacity represent a biological material important for regenerative medicine. In this study, we established a mouse model for in utero transplantation of hPMCs to investigate if these cells would affect long-term, organ-specific engraftment. Murine model...
Effect of aqueous ozone solution on pancreatic cells
January 2012
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of ozone solutions on the viability of pancreatic cells. The ozone was generated by an electrical discharge on high-purity oxygen molecules. Ozonation of the water was performed by bubbling ozone through sterile distilled water (O3 concentration 4 g/1000 L) and saline solution (O3 concentration 5 g/1000 L). After initial dilution of test solutions, serial dilutions were...
Effect of nutrient supplementation on biodegradation and metal uptake by three bacteria in crude oil impacted fresh and brackish waters of the Niger Delta
January 2012
The effect of nutrients supplements (NPK inorganic fertilizer and poultry litter) on the biodegradation of crude oil and metal uptake by three bacterial isolates (Bacillus sp,Pseudomonas sp and Aeromonas sp) in crude oil impacted fresh and brackish water aquatic systems of the Niger Delta were investigated. The abilities of these single cultures to reduce the contaminating oil levels as...
A new species of the genus Hilethera Uvarov (Oedipodinae: Acrididae: Orthoptera) from Pakistan
January 2012
The subfamily Oedipodinae has considerable economic importance in Pakistan. It poses constant threat to pastures, orchards and variety of crops in both irrigated and rain-fed areas. Amongst its members, the genus Hilethera has not been studied extensively and it was described by Uvarov in 1925. It comprised two species: Hilethera hierichonica Uvarov and Hilethera aeolopoides Uvarov, but at...
Import risk assessment of hatching eggs and day old chicks via Khartoum International Airport, Sudan
December 2011
This study was aimed to assess the quality level of the Sudanese standards and risks associated with the importation of hatching eggs and day old chicks as well as the sanitary measures in place based on the international (OIE) standards. Data were collected from the Federal Ministry of Animal Resources and Fisheries (FMARF), the Sudanese Standards and Metrology...
Effects of feed and water deprivation on diurnal variations in rectal temperature, respiration and heart rate of Yankasa sheep during the rainy season
December 2011
Experiments were performed with the aim of determining diurnal fluctuations in rectal temperature (RT),respiratory rate (RR) and heart rate (HR) of Yankasa sheep, and the effect of feed and water deprivation on the physiological parameters. On the experimental day, seven experimental sheep were deprived of feed and water for 12 h, while four control sheep were given access to feed and water ad libitum. The RT, RR...
Greek experience of the use of phytogenic feed additives in organic pig farming
December 2011
The purpose of this study is to present brief updating information about the use of phytogenic feed additives in Greek organic pig farming. Organic pig production systems in Greece are growing in popularity over the last years due to the increasing interest of consumers for organic products. The National Greek projects of organic pig farming started in 2002 and since...
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