Histomorphology and sperm profile of animal models administered with aqueous seed extract of Parkia biglobosa
May 2022
This study evaluated the effects of aqueous seed extract of Parkia biglobosa on the micro-anatomy of the testis and sperm profile of adult Wistar rats. Twenty-one male Wistar rats weighing between 96 and 120 g were assigned into three groups A, B, and C (n=7). Group A was the control and received normal saline, while the animals in groups B and C were treated with 300 and 500 mg/kg body weight (Bwt) aqueous seed extract...
Phenotypic variations of indigenous sheep breed ecotypes of Ethiopia: A review
February 2020
Updated result of the phenotypic characterization and description of the indigenous sheep population was reviewed. The reviewed paper used reporting and tabulating published descriptive phenotypic information on Ethiopian breeds with the aim of dissemination of relevant information for the beneficiaries. The original sheep breed types in Ethiopia that migrated from South West Asia to Africa and then to Ethiopia were the...
GFSKLYFamide-like neuropeptide is expressed in the female gonad of the sea cucumber, Holothuria scabra
February 2020
Neuropeptides are mediators of neuronal signalling, controlling a wide range of physiological processes that cut across many organisms. GFSKLYFamide is a neuropeptide that belongs to the Echinoderm SALMFamide group of peptides. This study was aimed at determining the expression of GFSKLYFamide-like neuropeptide in the female gonad of the sea cucumber Holothuria scabra. Ten female H. scabra weighing between 62 and 175 g...
Review on breeding objectives and practices of dairy cattle production in Ethiopia
January 2019
The review aims to examine dairy cattle production system together with pastoral and agro- pastoral, small holder, peri urban and urban intensive dairy cattle production system, breeding practice including mating system (natural mating and Artificial Insemination), breeding objectives, reproductive and productive traits of dairy cattle in Ethiopia. In Ethiopia most farmers use natural, unplanned and uncontrolled mating...
Effects of Kelulut honey from Trigona sp. on zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryo that mimics human embryonic development
August 2018
Kelulut honey (KH) is a type of honey with various pharmacological properties that can be found in Malaysia. Nevertheless, the safety aspects of this honey have not been adequately addressed. This study evaluated the developmental toxicity of KH from Trigona sp on zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos. Viable zebrafish embryos at 3 hours post fertilization (hpf) (early stage) and 24 hpf (organ development stage) were treated...
Camel milk improvement of antioxidant and lipid profile in hypercholesterolemic rabbits
March 2018
Dietary intervention can improve lipid profile and therefore impede the progress of atherosclerosis. The primary aim of this study is to assess the possible role of camel milk in enhancing the antioxidant capacity in rats fed a high fat diet. Thirty rabbits were individually divided into three groups, the control, HFD and HFD with camel milk. The control group fed on 100 g/day of NOR diet rabbit chow (USA) for three...
Specific sperm abnormalities observed in rams (Ovis aries) following cypermethrin treatment
April 2017
This work was designed to make further observations on the specific types of sperm abnormalities present in Cypermethrin treated rams and contribute information towards understanding how Cypermethrin affects male’s reproduction. Sixteen sexually-mature, healthy Yankasa rams aged 18 to 30 months and weighing between 21.5 to 46.5 kg were used. The 16 rams were divided equally into two groups (A and B). Group A...
Sheep and goats pasteurellosis: Isolation, identification, biochemical characterization and prevalence determination in Fogera Woreda, Ethiopia
December 2016
A cross sectional study was carried out on pasteurellosis of small ruminants in Fogera Woreda, Ethiopia. The objectives of this research were isolation and characterization of the bacterial species by culture and biochemical testes, and determining the prevalence in apparently pneumonic small ruminants. Out of the total 988 samples examined, 322 were detected positive for pasteurella with an overall infection rate of...
The occurrence of Cysticercus bovis at Gondar ELFORA Abattoir, Northwest of Ethiopia
September 2016
A cross-sectional survey was undertaken in the abattoir to study the prevalence of Cysticercus bovis in cattle originated from different localities and to determine the cyst prevalence as well as distribution in different organs within infected animals in Gondar ELFORA abattoir. Out of the total 450 cattle slaughtered and examined at Gondar ELFORA abattoir, 9 animals (2.0%) were identified positive for C. bovis...
Characterization and anti-tumor effect of shark liver extraction
May 2016
Shark liver oil (SLO) has been widely used as a food supplement to boost human immunity. The extraction method of shark liver oil is immature. In this study, four different extraction methods of shark liver oil were tried, the effect of the solid-liquid ratio, quality of the enzyme, reaction pH and temperature on SLO extraction rate have been discussed. Infrared spectroscopy, gas chromatography and high performance...
Effect of different levels of Satureja hortensis essential oil on performance, carcass characteristics, acidity and intestinal microflora population in broilers
January 2016
This experiment was carried out to study the effects of dietary supplementation of Satureja hortensis essential oil on growth, carcass parts, pH and luminal microbe in broiler chicken. A total of 400 one week old ROS 308 male chicks were used in a completely randomize design model with 5 treatments and 4 replicates, each composing of 20 chicks. Duration of experiment was 35 days until the age of 42 days. Treatments were...
Postnatal development of the vagina in West African dwarf goat (Capra hircus)
September 2015
The postnatal developmental pattern of the vagina of WAD goat from birth to week 28 was investigated by gross and light microscopy. Forty five (45) female WAD goat kids were used in this study and were divided into nine groups of five goat kids per group. Each goat was euthanized, the vagina dissected out and studied, the length and weight measured. Data obtained were analysed by analysis of variance and Duncanʼs new...
Sperm characteristics and haemogram of male albino rats (wistar strain) treated with saponin extract from vernonia amygdalina del. asteraeceae 110192
July 2015
The reproductive effects of saponin extract from Vernonia amygdalina Del. Asteraeceae 110192 leaves on 14 adult male Wistar rats was studied. The rats were divided into four groups (A, B, C and D) treated with graded doses (100, 200, 400 and 0 mg/kg respectively) of saponin extract of V. amygdalina over a period of 14 days. After 14 days oral administration of the saponin extract, the rats were sacrificed and their...
Isolation and structure elucidation of acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor from Gyrostoma helianthus of the Red Sea, Egypt
March 2015
The present study was carried out to isolate, purify and elucidate the structure of low molecular weight bioactive compounds from sea anemone, Gyrostoma helianthus of the Red Sea environment. The obtained results indicated that the ethanolic crude extract of the sea anemone, G. helianthus showed inhibition activity against acetylcholinesterase (AchE). The 0.5 kD fraction inhibited the activity of the AchE that indicated...
Development of new combined method based on reading of ovarian tracheoles and the observation of follicular dilatations for determining the physiological age of Anopheles gambiae s.s.
January 2015
The conventional dilaceration of ovaries is binding at the beginning of ovary development. However, reading ovarian tracheoles was very easy in stage I-II mean. The combination of both methods can really reduce the number of age indeterminations recorded with the two methods separately. The present study aimed to identify a method capable of determining physiological age of mosquitoes regardless of their ovarian...
Light and scanning electron microscopy of the small intestine of goat (Capra hircus)
January 2015
Sections from duodenum, jejunum and ileum of local breeds of goat (Capra hircus) were studied histologically using light and scanning electron microscopy. The wall of goat small intestine is composed of typical layers: lamina epithelialis mucosae, lamina propria, lamina muscularis mucosae, tunica submucosa, tunica muscularis and tunica serosa. Small intestine villi were covered by a simple columnar epithelium with...
Cd44 gene expression in mature and immature oocytes and fetus of Kermani and Baluchi sheep, and Rayeni and Tali goats
August 2014
CD44 family belongs to a large group of proteins that bind to hyaluronic acid. It has important role in oocyte maturation, fertilization and embryo development. We analyzed CD44 in oocytes and embryos of goat and different breeds of sheep. We used both Kermani and baluchi breeds of sheep, two Rayeni and Tali goats. Domestic animals kept after feeding for 3 months exude embryos and oocyte. After this, the animals were...
Effects of Aflatoxin B1 on the skeletal system of rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) fetuses
August 2014
The present study was carried out to determine the effects of aflatoxinB1 (AFB1) on the skeletal system of the fetuses of balady rabbits. The female animals were divided into three groups, one control and two treated, the control group contained four dams, the intoxicated group with 0.1 mg/kg contained six dams while the intoxicated with 0.05 mg/kg contained three dams. A dose of 0.1 and 0.05 mg/kg/day AFB1 was...
Comparison study of oral disc morphology of Saudi Bufo dhufarensis and Rana ridibunda tadpoles and their oral deformities
July 2014
The microanatomy of the oral discs of the tadpoles of Bufo dhafarensis and Rana ridibunda were described. Tadpoles of stage 49 and 41, respectively were examined and analyzed using scanning electron microscope. In Rana tadpoles, the mouth was ventral and the oral disk opening had the same vertical and horizontal opening size. While in Bufo tadpoles, the mouth was anterio-ventral and the oral disc had its horizontal...
Cleft palate reconstruction by platelet-rich-plasma and stem cell injection: Histological evidences
July 2014
Cleft palate (CP) is a common congenital defect. It causes serious problem to cleft-affected children. The gold standard of care is autogenous bone grafting which may cause additional problems together with long and extensive medical interventions. Tissue engineering is a promising solution for a widespread range of defects and disorders. It is reasonable to utilize this novel technology for CP management. Stem cells...
A note on interaction and pre-implantation development stages
June 2014
Having obtained observations of gene expression profiles from the literature, we estimated autoregressive models of mouse preimplantation development and observed interaction among stages. Gene expression profile at the earliest stage is not generally significant, but for observations where profiles at 8-cell embryo and morula stages are relatively great, the effect of unfertilized egg is significantly positive. Key...
How to obtain the organelles of prokaryotic and microbial eukaryotic cells
June 2014
An organelle is a specialized functional subunit within cells carrying out specific functions. These compartments which may or may not be enclosed in a lipid bilayer are found in microorganisms. While those found in eukaryotic cells are usually enclosed in lipid bilayer, those in prokaryotes don’t. All microbes have compartments common to them like the nucleic acids, protein, ribosomes as well as unique...
Application of hazard analysis critical control point (HACCP) system in dairy farms in Khartoum State, Sudan
May 2014
An attempt was made to apply hazard analysis critical control points (HACCP) system in dairy farms in Khartoum State and to suggest control limits for them based on the international standard. World Health Organization (WHO) and Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) recommended the HACCP system as a modern tool for prevention. Critical points associated with animal health were investigated using screening tests such...
Analysis of selected milk traits in Palestinian Holstein-Friesian cattle in relation to genetic polymorphism
May 2014
Modern dairy cattle breeding strategies depend on linkage analysis and quantitative trait loci (QTL) of genes involved in milk yield and composition. This is because of their biological desired quantitative traits that play key roles in milk production. In this study, three genes directly related to milk production: prolactin (PRL), bovine kappa-casein (K-CN) and the pituitary-speciï¬c transcription factor (PIT-1) were...
Productive performance and carcass characteristics of lori-bakhtiari finishing lambs supplemented with sodium bicarbonate or magnesium oxide
April 2014
Effect of sodium bicarbonate (SB) and magnesium oxide (MgO) in high concentrate fed Lori-Bakhtiari lambs was studied on productive performance and carcass characteristics. Eighteen weaned (90 days old) Lori-Bakhtiari male lambs divided into three equal groups were fed basal diet. Each group received a basal diet for 75 days with one of the following three treatments: (1) no additives (NA); (2) 0.05% magnesium oxide and...
Status of organophosphate and carbamate resistance in Anopheles gambiae sensu lato from the Sudano Guinean area in the central part of Benin, West Africa
April 2014
Anopheles gambiae, which is the main malaria vector in Benin has developed high level of resistance to pyrethroid insecticides. This raises serious concerns to the future use of long- lasting insecticidal nets (LLIN) and indoor residual spraying (IRS). It is therefore important to seek better and effective resistance management strategies which will use organophosphates or carbamates as alternatives against pyrethroid...
Effect of macroclimatic factors on milk production and reproductive efficiency of Holstein Friesian × Deoni crossbred cows
April 2014
This study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of different macro climatic variables on milk production and reproduction efficiency of Holstein Friesian × Deoni crossbred cows. Data of 256 HF × Deoni crossbred cows with 1485 total records of lactation and the meteorological data over a 30-year period (1981 to 2010) were obtained from Marathwada Agricultural University Cattle Cross Breeding Project and the...
Dynamics of insecticide resistance and exploring biochemical mechanisms involved in pyrethroids and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) cross-resistance in Anopheles gambiae s.l populations from Benin, West Africa
March 2014
As a result of the free-insecticide treated net distribution by National Malaria Control Programme (NMCP) in July 2011 throughout the entire country, it is useful to investigate the dynamics of insecticide resistance in Anopheles gambiae from Benin and the metabolic resistance mechanisms involved in this evolution of resistance. Larvae and pupae of A. gambiae s.l. mosquitoes were collected from the breeding sites...
Smoke and ethanolic extract of nicotiana tabacum altered hippocampal histology and behaviour in mice
March 2014
The effects of tobacco use on human health are well known and are documented in scientific reports. When tobacco is smoked or chewed, nicotine is absorbed by the lungs and oral cavity and quickly moved into the bloodstream where it is distributed rapidly through the circulatory system to reach the brain and peripheral nervous system. Male and female adult mice (N=32) were used for this study. The animals were randomly...
Reproductive and productive performance of Kereyu Sanga cattle in Fentalle District of Oromia Region, Ethiopia
February 2014
This study was carried out to generate information on some productive and reproductive performance of Kereyu Sanga cattle in their home tract. The data was collected through questionnaire from 114 Kereyu Sanga cattle owners. Fifty four third parity lactating Kereyu Sanga cows were randomly selected for milk yield measurement. According to the respondents, the mean age at puberty, age at first calving, lactation length...
Effect of substituting fish meal with poultry by-products meal in broiler diet on nitrogen excretion and litter characteristics
February 2014
This study was carried out to investigate the effects of dietary replacment of fish meal (FM) with poultry by-product meal (PBM) at 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% using 360 one day-old Arian broiler chicken. The mean weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio were significantly decreased in the birds fed on diets containing greater levels of PBM as compared to the control birds during 1 to 21 days of age (P<0.01)....
Increase of Ace-1 resistance allele in the field population of Anopheles gambiae following a large scale indoor residual spraying (IRS) implementation using bendiocarb in Atacora region in Benin, West Africa
January 2014
The aim of this study was to evaluate the susceptibility of Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes to bendiocarb, before (2010) and after (2012) the implementation of indoor residual spraying (IRS) interventions and to report the evolution of Ace-1R mutation frequency in Atacora region. Indoor collection was carried out through Morning 7 to 9 a. m in five districts (Kouandé, Natitingou, Matéri, Tanguiéta and...
Physiological responses of dairy animals to recombinant bovine somatotropin: A review
January 2014
Recombinant bovine somatotropins (rbST) have been synthesized and manufactured using recombinant DNA (rDNA) techniques. The rbST has increased milk production in dairy animals, including cow, sheep and goats. There are management factors including dosage of rbST, injection interval, genetic potential and environmental conditions which affect the magnitude of the animal-response to rbST. For dairy cows, the optimal dose...
Detection of antibiotic resistance genes of Escherichia coli from domestic livestock in south east Nigeria with DNA microarray
December 2013
DNA microarray was developed for detection of up to 90 antibiotic resistance genes in Escherichia coli by hybridization. Each antibiotic resistance gene was represented by two specific oligonucleotides chosen from consensus sequences of gene families. A total of 203 oligonucleotides (50-100 base) were spotted onto the microarray. The sequence identity of each gene was compared with GenBank sequen-ces, biotin was used as...
Genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii samples from Dakar
December 2013
Toxoplasmosis is an anthropozoonosis of medical and veterinary importance, caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii. Oocysts shed by felids play a key role in parasite transmission as they contaminate meat-producing animals, vegetables and water consumed later by humans. In this work, we aimed to identify T. gondii isolated in Dakar (Senegal). The modified multiplex PCR technique based on length polymorphism of 15...
Analysis of longevity traits and lifetime productivity of crossbred dairy cows in the Tropical Highlands of Ethiopia
November 2013
Longevity traits, lifetime milk and calf productivities are one of the primary interests of dairy cattle producers. We used lifetime data of 523 crossbred dairy cows that born between 1980 and 2003 in the central tropical highlands of Ethiopia with the purpose to evaluate longevity traits and associated lifetime milk and calf productivity. Based on the type of sires used and level of exotic gene inheritances, the...
Variations in the epithelial cords of the ovaries of a microchiropteran bat, Hipposideros speoris (Schneider) during reproductive cycle: An enzymic approach
November 2013
The ovaries of Hipposideros speoris were studied histologically and histochemically for the enzymes, 3β-hydroxysteriod dehydrogenase (3β-HSDH), Succinic dehydrogenase (SDH) and lipid from July 2005 to 2006. The interstitial cells or so called “epithelial cords” showed variations in their distribution, morphology, enzymic and their association with other ovarian structures. These cords appear to be...
Effect of supplementing grazing Arsi-Bale sheep with molasses-urea feed block on weight gain and economic return under farmers’ management condition
October 2013
Sheep fattening with Molasses-urea feed block (MUB) was undertaken in Adami Tulu Jido Kombolcha District at Aneno and Arba villages for 87 days during both dry (from 22 March to 17 June) and during wet season (from 19 August to 10 November, 2009). A study was conducted to determine the performance and profitability obtained from MUB supplemented grazing sheep. Molasses, urea, wheat bran, finely ground haricot bean...
Effect of supplementation of Satureja essential oils in drinking water on immune performance of broiler chickens reared under heat stress
October 2013
Phytogenic feed additives, also called as phytobiotics or botanicals, are plant-derived compounds added into diets to enhance the productivity of poultry. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of administration of Satureja khuzestanicaessential oils (SKEO) through drinking water on immune performance of broiler chicken using 720 one-day-old Arian chicks. The birds were raised under standard...
Reproductive biology of Oreochromis niloticus in Lake Beseka, Ethiopia
September 2013
Reproductive biology of Oreochromis niloticus in Beseka was studied. Samples of O.niloticus were collected monthly during September 2010 to August 2011 using different centimeter mesh sizes of gillnets. The relationship between total length and total weight was curvilinear and sex ratio was different throughout the sampling periods. The 50% sexual maturity length (L50) was estimated at 14 cm TL...
Plasmid profile of antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli isolated from domestic animals in South-East Nigeria
September 2013
Plasmid profiling is among the methods used to determine and characterize antibiotic resistance traits in bacteria. In this study, a total of 80 Escherichia coli isolate from four domestic livestock comprising cattle, goats, poultry and swine in three states of South East Nigeria were screened for antibiotic susceptibility and plasmid profiles. The isolates were tested against 14 antibiotics using the disc...
Global eradication of measles: A highly contagious and vaccine preventable disease-what went wrong in Africa?
August 2013
This review study reports on global eradication of measles: a highly contagious and vaccine preventable disease-what went wrong in its eradication in Africa. Measles is one of the most contagious human diseases which have continued to cause large outbreaks all over the world even in countries that have achieved high vaccination coverage with a single dose strategy. The disease can also lead to lifelong disabilities...
Effects of transportation and thermal stress on donkeys in the Northern Guinea Savannah zone of Nigeria: A review
August 2013
The paper reviews transportation stress and its negative effects on physiological parameters of livestock, with emphasis on the Guinea Savannah zone of Nigeria. Stress factors acting on animals during road transportation are numerous and the responses of animals to them are complex, non-specific and often detrimental to their health and productivity. In spite of the numerous recommendations and guidelines by many...
Comparison of insulin and alpha lipoic acid treatment on laminin expression in sciatic nerve of diabetic rats
August 2013
Diabetic neuropathy is associated with changes in composition of extracellular matrix. Laminin is a major component of extracellular matrix. In this study, we investigated protective effects of insulin and alpha lipoic acid on improving of blood glucose levels, body weight and laminin expression of sciatic nerve in diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced in the rats by 55 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ) via an intraperitoneal...
The protective effects of vitamin C and folic acid against methylmercury teratogenicity in chick embryo
July 2013
This study was undertaken with the aim of investigating the teratogenic effects of methylmercury (MeHg) on the chick embryos and evaluating the protective role of vitamin C and folic acid. Fertilized eggs received MeHg dose (2.5 mg/egg) alone or with addition of vitamin C (100 mM) and folic acid (100 mM) or with vitamin C and folic acid alone. Control eggs received saline. The eggs were injected on day zero of...
Effect of hemicell enzyme on the performance, growth parameter, some blood factors and ileal digestibility of broiler chickens fed corn/soybean-based diets
July 2013
The current study aimed to investigate the effects of supplementing diet of broiler chickens with hemicell enzyme on performance, carcass characteristics, growth parameter, blood parameters and ileal digestibility of nutrients. One hundred and eighty day-old Ross 308 strain broiler type chickens were randomly assigned to three treatments with five replicate pens containing 12 birds in each experimental diets containing...
Degeneration of neuronal cells: A product of fluoride and aluminium assault to the prefrontal cortex
June 2013
Studies have raised the possibility that prolonged exposure to fluoride and aluminium in drinking water is capable of causing neurological impairments. Due to the possible chronic exposure to these substances and their ability to readily interact to form a complex which crosses the blood-brain barrier, it is imperative to assess their neurotoxic effects. This study describes the alterations in the nervous system as a...
Cytoarchitecture of the cerebellum in fluoride and aluminium toxicity
June 2013
Drinking water is a major source of fluoride and aluminium intake and these substances are known to cross the blood-brain barrier and alter the structure and function of neural tissues. One concern that has not been fully investigated is the link between fluoride, aluminium and their effects on the central nervous system. Twenty female Wistar rats were used for this investigation. Fifteen which served as the treatment...
Human amoebiasis in Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
June 2013
To determine the overall prevalence of human amoebiasis at Nishtar Hospital Multan, Punjab, stool samples (n = 766) were collected from patients visiting Nishtar Hospital Multan. Temporary mounts were prepared for determine amoebiasis. Out of 766 patients, 66 were infected with Entamoeba histolytica/Entamoeba dispar/Entamoeba moshkovskii. The overall prevalence of parasites was 8.61%. It was...
In sacco degradation of Tephrosia candida and Leucaena leucocephala in mixtures with Panicum maximum using fistulated West African dwarf sheep
May 2013
An experiment was conducted to compare the utilization of Tephrosia candida and Leucaena leucocephala in mixtures with Panicum maximum as feed for small ruminants, using the artificial bag technique of feed evaluation. Three West African dwarf (WAD) sheep with rumen cannula were used for the experiment. T. candida was formulated into diets with P. maximum as diets A, B...
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