Correlation between severe malaria and EBV endemicity in children under five years in Ghana
November 2023
In Africa, Plasmodium falciparum accounts for majority of malaria morbidity and mortality in children under five years. At this age, they also become co-infected with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). There is scanty of information whether this co-infection is the reason why malaria in children tends to be severe. The aim was to study the association between co-infection of EBV with P. falciparum infection and malaria severity...
Risk factors for metabolic syndrome in adult patients with sickle cell anemia in Jazan region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
August 2023
Hematological anemia is a characteristic of the hereditary condition known as sickle cell disease. According to several studies, adults with sickle cell disease may exhibit metabolic syndrome symptoms such as hyperglycemia, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. This study's objective was intended to assess the steady-state risk variables for the metabolic syndrome in adults with sickle cell anemia in the Jazan region. A...
Criteria for the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome: A review
February 2023
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) consists of multiple, interrelated risk factors of metabolic origin that appear to directly promote the development of cardiovascular events and type 2 diabetes (T2D). It confers 2-fold increase in relative risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular events and 5-fold increase in risk for development of T2D as compared with people without the syndrome. T2D is one of the most prevalent and serious...
Frequency of diagnostic combination of risk factors of metabolic syndrome associated with diabetes, hypertension, chronic kidney disease and apparent health
May 2022
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been variously defined because of varying emphasis placed on its components - dyslipidaemia, hypertension (HBP), hyperglyecmia (HG) and abnormal weight. MetS may be associated with diabetes (DM), HBP, chronic kidney disease (CKD) and apparent health (AH). Unfortunately, the frequency of the diagnostic combination of the risk factors in these conditions has not been reported because it could...
Anthropometric variables and hematological parameters among people with obesity in Sapele South-South Nigeria
January 2022
Obesity and uncontrolled weight gains is associated with changes in anthropometric variables and hematological parameters. Therefore, this study aims to assess anthropometric variables and hematological parameters among people with obesity. This study was carried out at Central Hospital, Sapele, General Hospital, Oghara and Biomed Diagnostic Centre, Sapele in Southern Nigeria. 415 subjects with age between 18 and 65...
Health risk associated with eating fish from brackish water
February 2021
Heart disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States with diet being a major contributor. As solution, fish rich in omega-3 fatty acids is recommended. In this study, the impact of brackish water on fish quality, was done by sampling canal water in Edinburg, Texas. Canal water was membrane filtered and cultured on bacteriological media. Pure cultures were phenotypically identified, and...
Designing an expert system model for pulmonary TB disease diagnose pre-screen laboratory process
November 2019
Tuberculosis is a major public health problem in Ethiopia more than half a century ago. If the disease is not treated well and on time, it can lead to severe health problems like lungs, but can also affect other organs, including the central nervous system. Therefore, detecting those diseases at early stages enable us to overcome and treat them appropriately. However, among people in the developing countries like...
The impact of needle diameter and penetration depth of safety lancets on blood volume and pain perception in 300 volunteers: A randomized controlled trial
January 2019
The aim of the study is to determine and measure the blood volume as well as level of pain of the study volunteers after being punctured with different safety lancets (varying sizes) from 20 s to 2 m. Blood sample can be used in a number of ways: for diagnosis, to determine health condition generally and for screening. 300 subjects were punctured 4 times with different safety lancets. After each puncture...
Prevalence of Smear positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) and Associated Factors among PTB Suspects Attending Harar Tuberculosis Control Center, Harar, Ethiopia
June 2018
Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be an important public health problem worldwide. It is a leading cause of disability and death in many parts of the world especially in the developing countries. Ethiopia has already a record of history of TB around greater than 58 years. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence and associated factors of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in Harar TB control center. A health...
Health professionals’ stance towards medical laboratory technology: A cross-sectional study
June 2017
The practice of modern medicine would be impossible without the tests performed in the clinical laboratory. In today’s era of rapidly evolving medical research and application, medical laboratory technology plays an integral role in the health care system. In spite of this, the propensity of giving less value to the profession by certain health practitioners might reduce the health team mobilization which...
Seroprevalence of Rubella virus among pregnant Sudanese women with history of abortion
February 2017
Mainly, rubella infections during pregnancy are considered as serious infections worldwide. Since Rubella virus not only infects susceptible women early in pregnancy, they can also be transmitted to the fetus, and might induce birth defects. Accordingly, accurate as well as meticulous diagnosis of rubella infection is crucial during pregnancy. A descriptive, retrospective cross sectional hospital based study was...
Quality analysis of the preanalytical phase of laboratory tests: Case of the civil hospital (Tetouan–Morocco)
January 2017
Several studies report that between 60 to 85% of laboratory errors are produced during the preanalytical phase. The objective of this study was to identify the factors at the origin of nonconformities during this phase at the Civil Hospital of Tetouan. A mixed preanalytical descriptive study realized between April and May 2014 was based on a questionnaire, an observation grid, focus groups and semi-structured...
Assessment of antimicrobial susceptibility testing techniques in some laboratories in Cameroon
December 2016
The increasing bacterial resistance to antimicrobial agents has rendered susceptibility testing an indispensable tool for appropriate antibiotic selection. This study is aimed at evaluating the technical methods of antibiogram in some medical laboratories in Cameroon. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out. The data collection was done with two material, the questionnaire and the observation sheet. We...
Blood group serology analysis of one rare case of β-thalassemia major with cold autoantibodies and alloantibodies
September 2016
β thalassemia major is one of major public health problem in south China requiring lifelong blood transfusions for the children to stay alive. However, long-term transfusion increases the risk of the patients to produce the autoantibodies and alloantibodies due to repeated exposure to foreign antigens. In this study, we reported one rare case of β-thalassemia major with cold autoantibodies and alloantibodies....
Teratocarcinosarcoma of the tongue with bilateral neck nodal metastases
September 2016
When confronted with a tongue and neck mass in a child, a specific diagnosis can be difficult to make with a differential diagnosis often provided. Teratocarcinosarcoma of the tongue with metastases to the neck would be considered an extremely rare specific diagnosis to correctly make prospectively. This study presents the clinical appearance, as well as the CT, MRI, PET and pathologic findings in this rare entity. With...
Prevalence and associated risk factors of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C virus among volunteer blood donors in Arba Minch Blood Bank SNNPR, Ethiopia
May 2016
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is major public health problems that affect million people worldwide and people who are infected assumed to develop liver cirrhosis or hepatocelular carcinoma. Screening of blood donors is essential for healthy and safe donation. A cross sectional study design was conducted among volunteer blood donors in Arba Minch blood bank from March 2015 to April 2015. A total of...
Development of an algorithm of haematologic parameters as surrogate markers for CD4 cell count in resource-limited settings
April 2016
Total Lymphocyte Count (TLC) has been previously evaluated as a surrogate for CD4 counts in the management of HIV especially in resource-limited settings with varying results. This study developed a clinical algorithm of TLC and other significant haematologic parameters to raise the predictive value of TLC in classifying subjects with CD4 count <350 cells/mm3. Total samples of 215 HIV-seropositive ARV-naïve...
Safety of collagen and reticulin fibres in the liver and kidney of broiler chicken fed with Aspergillus niger -hydrolyzed cassava peel meal as carbohydrate source
March 2016
Cassava peels which is available in large quantity as waste is being considered as a possible replacement for maize in chicken feeds due to the world shortage of cereals. This study examined the safety of collagen and reticulin fibres in the liver and kidney of broiler chicken, when the Aspergillus niger-hydrolyzed cassava peel meal (HCPM) was used as diet carbohydrate. HCPM was used as replacement for maize in chicken...
High prevalence of gallbladder involvement during hepatitis: An outbreak in a paediatric population
January 2016
Acute hepatitis A (AHA) in children usually has generally benign course. In literature, there are several descriptions of gallbladder involvement in AHA, but there are few data on the pediatric population. Fifteen children living in a Romani camp or in the neighbourhoods with AHA were admitted. 57% of children who underwent abdomen ultrasounds showed a significant gallbladder involvement and none of the patients...
Plasma von Willebrand factor level and its associated parameters: Reference ranges in Nigeria
October 2015
Von Willebrand factor (VWF) is a complex multimeric, multifunctional glycoprotein. It plays a primary role in haemostasis by forming platelet plugs at sites of vascular injury. The biological breakdown of VWF is mediated by a metalloprotease, ADAMTS-13. Both proteins are important in normal coagulation. Deficiencies in gene and or protein of VWF are associated with von Willebrand disease and those of ADAMTS-13 are...
A novel method for reducing human pipetting errors
September 2015
Human errors in clinical and research laboratories constitute a substantial source of lost productivity. Here we present a novel method for reducing human errors in pipetting by providing real time feedback to the laboratory worker. The system uses light emitting diodes to indicate wells that have been accessed for pipetting using a system that is based on Faraday’s principle of electromagnetic induction.This...
Evaluation of quality management systems implementation in medical diagnostic laboratories benchmarked for accreditation
August 2015
Accreditation is the process which ensures that certification practices are implemented in laboratories to enhance their quality and efficiency. It in turn helps laboratories to improve technical processes, achieve competitive advantage and increase market share. To achieve accreditation, successful implementation of the laboratory quality management system (LQMS) is a requisite. In this study, evaluation of quality...
Prevalence of occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections in haemodialysis patients in Khartoum State, Sudan from 2012 to 2014
May 2015
This study was carried out to detect occult hepatitis B virus (OHB) among haemodylsis patient in Khartoum State, Sudan. Antigen capture enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), competitive ELISA to detect Hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb) antibodies and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA were used to analyze 100 plasma samples collected...
Seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus 2 infection among pregnant women in urban health training Yopougon-Attie (Cote D’ivoire)
April 2015
The seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus II (HSV2) was investigated from April, 2011 to May, 2012 among 170 pregnant women attending consultation in the urban health training Yopougon-Attié, Abidjan (Côte d'Ivoire). The anti-HSV2 immunoglobin G (IgG) antibodies were detected by the principle of indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using the Diagnostic Automation ELISA® kit. Human...
Review on convectional and advanced diagnostic techniques of human tuberculosis
February 2015
Tuberculosis is a major health problem throughout the world causing large number of deaths, more than that of any other single infectious disease. Accurate and early diagnosis of tuberculosis is important for its effective management. The continued development of affordable, sensitive, and specific diagnostic tools will be required for use in resource-poor settings, where the incidence of disease is the highest like...
Evaluation of Sysmex UF-1000i and Alifax Alfred and HB&L in rapid diagnosis of acute urinary tract infections in a hub and spoke setting
January 2015
This paper compares, in a hub and spoke (H&S) setting, the performance of two automated methods in rapid diagnosis of urinary tract infections (UTI). 2335 midstream urine samples obtained from adult patients were considered. In the spoke laboratory, rapid diagnosis of UTI was performed by using bacteria quantification with a Sysmex UF-1000i analyzer. In the hub laboratory, rapid diagnosis of UTI was performed by...
Screening for hemoglobinipathy in Beja tribes and other minor groups living in Port Sudan City
September 2014
Hemoglobinopathies prevalence and distribution among ethnic groups inhabiting the Red Sea State in Sudan were not reported till date. Accordingly, this study has been conducted to address this problem in that area. The study was a cross-sectional descriptive one conducted in Port Sudan city to screen for hemoglobinopathy in anaemic patients referred to three major centers. The study population included 209 patients, 54%...
Reactive thrombocytosis and erythrocyte sedimentation rate in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis
May 2014
This study aimed at assessing the reactive thrombocytosis and erythrocyte sedimentation rate in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis living in Port Sudan City, Red Sea State, Sudan. This study covers the period from June 2006 up to December 2008 at Port Sudan Tuberculosis Diagnostic Center. Hundred newly discovered Ziehl Neelsen stain positive males (77%) and females (23%) were randomly selected to be the study sample...
Laboratory diagnostic systems used in the diagnosis of tuberculosis in Ethiopia: A systematic review
February 2014
Laboratories and laboratory tests are fundamental components of tuberculosis control programme; providing testing for diagnosis, surveillance and treatment monitoring at every level of health care system. This review is therefore, aimed at comparing and summarizing data on these laboratory systems used in the diagnosis of tuberculosis in Ethiopia. A systematic review of literature addressing the diagnosis of...
Total and CD4+ T- lymphocyte count correlation in newly diagnosed HIV patients in resource-limited setting
February 2014
Few clinical settings in resource-limited countries perform CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts required as a baseline test for antiretroviral therapy. We investigated CD4 count in newly diagnosed HIV-infected patients attending our treatment centre and evaluated suitability of total lymphocyte count (TLC) as a surrogate marker for CD4+T-lymphocyte count required as a yardstick for initiating antiretroviral therapy. Usefulness of...
Risk analysis and management of non-conformities of the pre-analytical phase in a university testing laboratory of bacteriology
January 2014
Due to the great deal of attention given to patient’s security, it is necessary to reduce non-conformities in pre-analytical phase, so the laboratories of medical bacteriology that can ensure the quality of examination results can contribute to diagnosis and prescription of treatment and patient safety. It is important that these laboratories collect and exploit statistics of the non-conformities rates which occur...
Aberration of French Public Health Authorities policies for the cost-assessment of microbiological diagnosis in ophthalmology
January 2014
Sensitive and specific laboratory tests adapted to ophthalmologic micro specimens are necessary for the clinical management of corneal ulcers (CU). The goal of this work is to analyze the correlation of diagnosis tests specificities with pricing policies for public laboratories. Human specimen procedures were extracted from the National Eye Center Laboratory registers in Paris, France with reimbursement values (pricing)...
Evaluation of SD BIOLINE rapid antibody test for diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection
November 2013
Helicobacter pylori infection is most prevalent and known to cause chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer disease in Ethiopia. To date, simple and rapid point-of-care tests are commercially available; however, information is limited regarding their diagnostic significance. This cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the diagnostic performance of SD BIOLINE H. pylori rapid antibody test. A consecutive 203 enzyme...
Endemicity of schistosomiasis in some parts of Anambra State, Nigeria
November 2013
Investigation on the prevalence of infections with schistosoma was carried out amongst inhabitants of two local government areas (LGAs), Nigeria between October 2007 and September 2008. A total of 2064 randomly selected subjects had their urine and stool samples examined for eggs of Schistosoma and 323 (15.7%) were excreting eggs of S. haematobium in their urine with geometric mean egg count (GMEC) of 10.1 eggs/10 ml of...
Towards the development of rapid biofilm antibiotic sensitivity testing (BAST)
October 2013
This study presents a modification of the antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST), which is a rapid means of determining the response of planktonic bacteria to different antimicrobial agents, for application to biofilms. Colony biofilm was first developed on a cellulose filter/membrane disc, over which an antibiotic disc was imposed. Zone of inhibition was measured after incubation on nutrient agar. Biofilms were not as...
Seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus infection among pregnant women at Omdurman Maternity Hospital,Sudan.
October 2013
This study was conducted to determine the seroprevalence of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) among pregnant women at Omdurman Maternity Hospital between the period January 2009 and June 2009. Descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Omdurman Maternity Hospital; blood was taken from pregnant women that came for delivery and investigated for cytomegalovirus specific immunoglobin G (IgG) and immunoglobin M (IgM)...
Haematologic and biochemical indices of Plasmodium falciparum infected inhabitants of Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria
August 2013
In spite of threats malaria pose to public health, specific records on alterations in some haematologic and biochemical indices of inhabitants of Owerri Municipality infected with P. falciparum malaria have not received wide reports and documentation. Accordingly, the present study sought to investigate alterations in haematologic and biochemical indices of moderately P. falciparum infected male...
Improving the case detection of pulmonary tuberculosis by bleach microscopy method in the North West of Nigeria
August 2013
Microscopy of direct smears for acid-fast bacilli (AFB) remains the common method for the laboratory diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in most laboratories in our setting. The bleach microscopy method has been introduced and evaluated in different settings as an alternative to direct smear microscopy. However, this approach is yet to be evaluated in a typical government owned/public health laboratory in our setting...
Role of oxidative stress in aggravating kidney dysfunction in coronary artery disease patients- A laboratory finding
July 2013
Acute cardiac decompensation results in activation of hemodynamic and neurohormonal factors that lead to an acute drop in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) resulting in acute kidney injury. This relationship is referred to as cardiorenal syndrome type 1 (CRS), which usually goes unnoticed. The present study was designed to evaluate the occurrence of kidney dysfunction in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients visiting...
Prevalence of zinc-α 2-glycoprotein binding peptide among Omani blood donors
July 2013
Zinc alpha-2-glycoprotien (ZAG) binding peptide is a multi-functional protein, which is structurally similar to a major histocompatibility complex class I. It has been discovered as a novel adipokine enhancing lipolysis and influencing other physiological processes such as sperm mobility and melanin production. Furthermore, ZAG level has been correlated to a variety of diseases such as atherosclerosis and diabetes type...
Serum levels of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) as diagnostic markers for early hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic patients with or without diabetes
February 2013
The significance of serum levels of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in early screening of hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic patients was evaluated. The effect of diabetes on GAGs and IGF-1 levels was also estimated. Fifty cirrhotic patients with early stage Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (22 were diabetic), thirty control cirrhotic patients without HCC (11 were diabetic) and twenty...
Acute respiratory distress syndrome secondary to High-altitude pulmonary edema: A diagnostic study
February 2013
High altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) is the most common of the serious manifestations of altitude sickness, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) may be secondary to HAPE in some severe cases. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnosis of ARDS at an altitude above 4000 m. Clinical studies were performed in eight patients with ARDS secondary to HAPE at an altitude of 4500m, 10 patients with pure HAPE...
Percutaneous needle biopsy in the diagnosis of soft tissue tumors – A potent tool in underdeveloped countries
November 2012
Fine needle aspiration biopsy is a useful tool in the pre-operative evaluation and grading of soft tissue tumors, and offer patients the advantage of neo-adjuvant/ adjuvant chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Our study aimed at correlating the clinical, radiological and cytological findings of benign and malignant tumors of soft tissues and evaluating the usefulness of percutaneous needle biopsy as a diagnostic tool. Out of a...
Laboratory diagnosis of malaria: Comparing giemsa stained thick blood films with rapid diagnostic test (RDT) in an endemic setting in North-west Nigeria
November 2012
Malaria microscopy will continue to remain the gold standard for the diagnosis of malaria, but prolonged turnaround time and lack of malaria microscopist that are associated with this technique continue to impact on the quality of service rendered by the laboratory, especially the turnaround time, which is one of the quality indicators to measure laboratory quality systems. The prolonged turnaround time and lack of...
Assessment of ethical and other professional standards in private medical laboratories: Osun State experience
February 2012
Compliance of private medical laboratories in the state with ethical and other professional standards as prescribed by the Medical Laboratory Science Council of Nigeria (MLSCN) was assessed by the researcher’s pre and posts the inspection by the MLSCN. Laboratory environment, personnel, equipment and adherence to Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) were used as indicators and results obtained were compared. 13/21...
Self-test monitoring of the Th1/Th2 balance in health and disease with special emphasis on chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis
February 2012
A simple “self-test” principle is described which allows patients to evaluate their Th1/Th2 balance repeatedly over short periods of time to follow-up the effects of taking pre- and probiotics, neutraceuticals, drugs or any other therapeutic strategy to balance Th1/Th2 status. By analysing a large number of first morning urine samples obtained from individuals with medical conditions associated with an...
Combination of cultivation and lateral flow assay for easy, highly sensitive and presumptive detection of Bacillus anthracis spores
October 2011
A combination of cultivation and lateral flow assay detecting protective antigen (PA) for easy and presumptive detection of Bacillus anthracis spores is proposed. This combination is similar to most approaches relying on PCR for detection of spores, as it begins with a 12 h cultivation step. After this culture however, this test is more rapid and far easier to perform than available molecular techniques. With...
A diagnostic dilemma-endodontic lesion or keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KCOT): A case report
October 2011
We present a case of keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KCOT) in maxillary canine region which was mistaken for a periapical lesion and was treated accordingly that is, root canal treatment of the teeth involved, was attempted, without checking for their vitality status. When the symptoms did not subside, the patient was operated under local anesthesia and the lesion was sent for histopathological examination which...
HLA-DQA1 and -DQB1 genotyping in Individuals with family history of gastritis
August 2011
The study is aimed examining HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1 genotyping in individuals (patients and controls) with family history of gastritis. This study was carried out in College of Medicine, University of Basrah. HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1 genotyping was done in College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnpeg, Canada during the period from 17 April, 2009 to 15 July, 2010. A total of 100 patients [41 males and 59 females...
Tribal distribution of haemoglobinopathies in a Sudanese patient population
August 2011
Haemoglobin (Hb) abnormalities are inherited disorders in the globin chains when the haem group is in the normal state. They are mostly autosomal recessive abnormalities and common worldwide, particularly within the malarial regions of Africa. This study aimed to identify abnormal Hb stratified tribe by tribe within a cohort of Sudanese patients attending the Khartoum Teaching Hospital between March and July 2005....
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