Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of the essential oil from Eucalyptus pellita F. Muell.
July 2013
The essential oil from leaves of Eucalyptus pellita F. Muell. was obtained by the hydrodistillation method and forty-three compounds in quantities higher than 0.02% were detected by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis. The α-pinene (27.19% of the total amount) was the major component, followed by limonene (23.84%) and 1,8-cineole (19.01%), and considerable quantities of p-cymene,...
Plant-specific primers for the amplification of the nrDNA ITS region in fungus-associated Pulsatilla species
July 2013
The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of nuclear ribosomal DNA is the most frequently used marker for distinguishing plant species. Previously published polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers available for amplifying the ITS region from environmental plant samples provide a high degrees of success while maintaining a broad range of compatibility difficult to discriminate against fungal DNA. Thus, the...
Protective and antioxidant potential of the argan oil on induced oxidative stress in Tetrahymena pyriformis
July 2013
Since reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in the pathogenesis of many human diseases, attention is given to the development of safe and effective natural antioxidants. In the present study, the protective and antioxidant potential of the argan oil extracted from the fruit of Argania spinosa, an endemic tree in Morocco, was evaluated against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced oxidative...
Antibacterial activity of sixteen plant species from Phalaborwa, Limpopo Province, South Africa
July 2013
Leaves of seventeen medicinal plants used inter alia to treat infections were collected from Phalaborwa, Limpopo Province, South Africa. Plant species used in this investigation wereTerminalia sericea, Diospyros mespiliformis, Cordia grandicalyx, Fluggea virosa, Cassia abbreviata, Colophospermum mopane, Xanthorcesis zambesiaca, Dichrostachys cineria,Helinus integrifolius, Schotia...
Antioxidant capacity of crude water and ethyl acetate extracts of some Indian spices and their antimicrobial activity against Vibrio vulnificus and Micrococcus luteus
July 2013
The water and ethyl acetate extracts of six Indian spices were screened to identify their antioxidant activity and antimicrobial properties against Vibrio vulnificus and Micrococcus luteus. The 2,2’-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and total phenolic compounds (TPC) assay were used for determining antioxidant activity. The ethyl acetate spice extracts...
Combinative effect of Salvia sclarea L., Artemisia annua and Dracocephalum heterophyllum B. essential oils against Salmonella enterica in raw chicken
July 2013
Antibacterial properties of essential oils (EOs) extracted from Salvia sclarea, Artemisia annua and Dracocephalum heterophyllum against 17 food borne pathogens was studied. EOs of the three plants showed a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity with different degrees of inhibition against the tested Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. EOs...
Antioxidant activity of a standardized extract of Byrsonima japurensis A. Juss. (Malpighiaceae) stem bark
July 2013
An infusion of 5% Byrsonima japurensis stem bark, an Amazonian medicinal plant, presented anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperalgesic, antiplatelet and antiulcer activity in a previous study. In this study, pharmacognostical parameters for this raw material were determined and the technological characterization of the infusion was performed, concurrently with the assessment of their antioxidant potential. The...
Genetic association, divergence and variability studies for seed yield and oil content and its contributing traits in Jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.)
July 2013
Genetic association, divergence and variability were studied in 24 accessions of Jatropha curcas L. for seed and oil yield and its contributing traits. Based on genetic divergence D2statistics, 24 accessions were grouped into 14 clusters. Three accessions (BRS-12/05-UpA2, BRS-12/05-UpA3 and BRS-03/06-WbB) were included in cluster XI followed by clusters II, IV, VI, VII, VIII, X, XII and XIII (2 accessions in...
Possible therapeutic mechanisms of turmeric against colorectal cancer induced by N-methylnitrosourea in experimental models
July 2013
The goal of this study was to investigate some possible therapeutic mechanisms of turmeric in the treatment of colorectal cancer induced by N-methylnitrosourea. The experimental animals were divided into five groups, healthy control group, colon cancer induced group, fluorouracil (FU) treated group; the two other groups set as colon cancer induced group treated with low and high dose of successive methanolic...
Influence of fruit colour variation on physical, physiological, biochemical and nursery characters of endangered medicinal tree bael (Aegle marmelos (L.) Corr.,)
July 2013
Bael (Aegle marmelos (L.) Corr.) is an endangered medicinal tree which is mostly propagated through seeds. Seed is the basic unit of mass multiplication and require quality characters, namely, germination and vigour. Seed quality is guaranteed through the adoption on proper post-harvest seed handling techniques. In perennial crops, selection of fruits is an important management techniques adopted after fruit...
1, 8-Cineole: A predominant component in the essential oil of large cardamom (Amomum subulatum Roxb.)
July 2013
Oil obtained by hydro-distillation of the dried capsules of large cardamom (Amomum subulatum Roxb.) grown in Uttarakhand, India was analyzed by GC-MS. A total 18 components representing 99.21% of the total oil contents were identified by mass spectra and relative retention indices. The predominant constituents of the oil were found to be 1, 8-cineole (73.27%) followed by α-terpineol (4.23%),...
Effects of pine pollen polysaccharide and its sulfate on the production of ROS in cardiomyocytes
July 2013
By using the fluorescent probe 2′,7′-di-chlorofluorescein diacetate (DCHF-DA), 2-chloro- 1,3-dibenzothiazoline-cyclohexene (DBZTC) and 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinoxyl-boron dipyrromethene (TEMPO-BDP) to mark reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cardiomyocytes (H9C2(2-1), the effect of PPM60 and SPPM60 on the production of ROS with laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM) was detected. The results...
Effect of Vernonia amygdalina supplemented diet on selected tissues function in diet-induced obese rats
July 2013
The present study investigated the impact of Vernonia amygdalina (VA) supplemented diet on blood parameters, and liver and kidney functions in diet-induced obese rats. VA supplemented diet (5 and 15%) was fed for 4 weeks and compared to orlistat (5.14 mg/kg b.w., p.o.), an anti-obesity drug. Full blood counts and some biochemical indices were measured at the end of the study. Platelet count which decreased in...
Anti-aging activity of Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) leaf extracts demonstrated through the induction of mitochondrial biogenesis in mice
July 2013
Age-related increases in cellular damage and death have been associated with oxidative stress. Mitochondrial biogenesis is likely to be involved in the regulation of cell metabolism and signal transduction. In addition, there is a growing body of evidence suggesting that mitochondrial biogenesis is a key regulator of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS). Our results demonstrate that Pinus...
Antifungal activities of fifteen Southern African medicinal plants against five Fusarium species
July 2013
In the present study, 35 extracts from 15 different medicinal plants traditionally used in the Venda region for the treatment of fungal related ailments were tested for antifungal activities against five Fusarium spp. including Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium verticillioides,Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium nygamai and Fusarium proliferatum using the hole plate...
Anti-oxidant properties and anti-hemolytic activity of Psidium guajava, Pandanous odorus and Rhinacanthus nasutus
July 2013
The ethanolic extracts of leaves of Psidium guajava (PG), Pandanous odorus (PO),Rhinacanthus nasutus (RN) contained polyphenolic compounds in the order of PG > RN > PO. All the extracts exhibited 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2’-azino-bis 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radicals scavenging activities. PG showed a marked antioxidant effect whereas PO and RN...
Phytochemistry of the genus Selaginella (Selaginellaceae)
July 2013
The Selaginellaceae family includes the single genus Selaginella, which is found worldwide and comprises approximately 700 to 750 species. A number of species have been traditionally used for medicinal purposes in the whole world, and the phytochemistry of some has been investigated. For this review, the search was carried out using Web of Sciences, Chemical Abstracts and the data bank NAPRALERT (acronym for...
Genetic diversity in Aloe vera accessions from Iran based on agro-morphological, phytochemical and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers
July 2013
Aloe vera is highly valued for anthraquinones compounds found in their leaves. The main objectives of the present study were to (1) evaluate phenotypic and molecular diversity among Iranian Aloe accessions; (2) compare Aloin content among accessions collected from different ecological areas; (3) determine correlations between Aloin content and morphological traits; and (4) estimate the broad-sense heritability...
Optimization study for the extraction of phenolics-rich silymarin from Silbum marianum
July 2013
Crude extract of milk thistle (Silbum marianum) seeds have been used for centuries as an herbal treatment for liver diseases. The seeds of milk thistle are usually pretreated with organic solvent to defat the seed prior to flavonolignan extraction. The current work aims to obtain maximum yield of phenolics-rich silymarin extract. The tested parameters were seed defatting, temperature, extraction time, solvent type...
Antibacterial, antioxidant and phytochemical investigation of Thuja orientalis leaves
July 2013
In the present study, leaves of Thuja orientalis were powdered and extracted by soxhlet extractor in two solvent systems that is, (E1) ethyl acetate: chloroform: ethanol (40: 30: 30) and (E2) methanol: distilled water (70:30). This study conferred the screening of phytochemical constituents, antioxidant activity and antibacterial activity of crude E1 and E2extract and its fractions. Antioxidant activity...
In vitro antimicrobial activity of the chemical constituents of Cirsium arvense (L). Scop
July 2013
Anti-bacterial and anti-fungal activities of the isolated constituents from Cirsium arvense were evaluated. These five compounds namely α-tocopherol, 9, 12, 15-octadecatrienoic acid, tracin, hispidulin and luteolin were isolated from the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of the methanolic extract of the plant. Their structures have been identified by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), high resolution...
Use of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) for assessing genetic diversity of Ocimum sanctum (Krishna Tulsi) from different environments of Central India
June 2013
The advent of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique has opened up new avenues and opportunities in the diversified field of research and scientific investigations by the application of molecular markers to study the taxonomic and genetic diversity. The genetic diversity of nine accessions of Ocimum sanctum (Krishna Tulsi) collected from different parts of state of Madhya Pradesh has been...
Strategies to improve poor seed germination in Stevia rebaudiana, a low calorie sweetener
June 2013
Expanding cultivation of exotic ‘stevia’ in mid- and low-hill areas of Himachal Pradesh, India, is difficult because of the problem of low seed fertility. The objectives of the present study were to devise strategies to produce fertile seed. Two distinct compatible morphotypes were isolated, which when used in pollination produced fertile seeds, whereas self-pollination always resulted in sterile seed set,...
Separation and purification of chlorogenic acid from Lonicera japonica Thunb. leaves exact with macroporous resins
June 2013
Chlorogenic aicd is a main bioactive constituent in Lonicera japonica Thunb. leaves. In this study, a simple method for separation and purification of chlorogenic acid from L. japonicaleaves was established with macroporous resins. The performance and adsorption characteristics of four macroporous resins had been evaluated and D-101 was affirmed to be the suitable resin for the separation of chlorogenic...
Conservation of endangered medicinal tree bael (Aegle marmelos) through seed priming
June 2013
In cultivation of medicinal trees, seed germination is a very important problem. Various seed enhancements are being adopted nowadays to improve seedling emergence. Among these seed enhancement, seed priming is an efficient method for increasing of seed vigour and improvement of germination and seedling growth. The laboratory experiment was conducted at the Department of Seed Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu...
Antioxidant and antifungal properties of the essential oil of Anisomeles indica from India
June 2013
Essential oil of Anisomeles indica (Labiatae) growing in India was hydrodistilled and analysed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 26 compounds, representing 90.70% of the essential oil, were identified, and the major components were eugenol (17.63%), α-terpeneol (α–terpineol, 14.17%), β-pinene (8.11%), bornyl acetate (5.61%), etc....
Effect of Psidium guajava (cv. Pedro Sato) fruit and extract on the lipidemia in hypercholesterolemic rats
June 2013
The objective was to analyze the bioactive compounds of the fruit and the ethanolic/acetonicextract of the Pedro Sato guava and to study their effect on the liver mass versus body mass ratio, hepatic lipids, C-reactive protein and levels of total and fractionated cholesterol in hypercholesterolemic Wistar rats. 6 groups were used: non-hypercholesterolemic control, hypercholesterolemic control,...
High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of embelin in different samples of Embelis ribes Burm. f. - a threatened medicinal plant of India
June 2013
Embelia ribes.Burm.f. is one of the important medicinal plants of India. Six samples ofEmbelia were collected from different geographical regions of India. The seed extract was isolated and analyzed for the principle bioactive constituent, embelin, by high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method. All the samples showed characteristic peaks of embelin at the same retention time as that of standard...
Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis, hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities of the essential oils of four Libyan herbs
June 2013
Following an ethnobotanical survey for hepatoprotective remedies, four Libyan medicinal plants from family Lamiaceae; Ajuga iva (L.) Schreber, Marrubium vulgare L., Rosmarinus officinalis L. and Thymus capitatus Hoff. et Link growing widely in Beida, Libya, were selected for our study. The chemical composition of essential oils hydrodistilled from the dried aerial...
Productive performance, litter characteristics and carcass defects of the broiler chickens given drinking water supplemented with Satureja khuzistanica essential oils
June 2013
Two trials were conducted to examine the effect of Satureja khuzistanica essential oils (SkEO) on productive performance using 420 Cobb 500 broiler chicks. SkEO was added into drinking water at high doses (0.5 to 2.5 g/L) up to day 28 (Trial 1) and then it was reduced to 0.5 < g/L up to day 42 of age (Trial 2). The SkEO-treated water significantly decreased weight gain, feed intake, water intake and feed-to-gain, and...
In vitro efficacy of garlic extract to control fungal pathogens of wheat
June 2013
In vitro studies were carried out to investigate the inhibitory effect of allicin in garlic juice on hyphal growth and spore germination of Drechslera tritici-repetis, Bipolaris sorokiniana andSeptoria tritici. The purpose was to investigate the possibility of developing an organic agriculture compatible garlic/allicin-based management strategy for the wheat fungal spotting complex. Allicin in garlic...
Antifungal activities of essential oils from some Iranian medicinal plants against various post harvest moulds
June 2013
The potential antifungal effects of the essential oils and components of Thymus vulgaris L.,Thymus migricus Klokov and Desj-Shost., Thymus koschyanus Boiss., Mentha spicata L.,Mentha pulegium L., and Satureja mutica Fisch and C.A. (Lamiaceae) were investigated against four food poisoning and plant pathogens. The essential oils were obtained by hydro...
Antimicrobial activity of medicinal plant Balanites aegyptiaca Del. and its in vitro raised calli against resistant organisms especially those harbouring bla genes
June 2013
Alcoholic extracts of fruit of an endangered medicinal plant Balanites aegyptiaca and its in vitro raised calli were analyzed for antimicrobial potential against various Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria including those harbouring bla genes by agar well diffusion method. The alcoholic extract of parent plant as well as its callus showed good antibacterial activity against both Gram...
Study of the composition of Thymus vulgaris essential oil, developing of topic formulations and evaluation of antimicrobial efficacy
June 2013
The essential oil of Thymus vulgaris has been the subject of extensive studies anddeveloping formulations for the placement of essential oils is not an easy task due especiallyto it high volatility and low stability. The aims of this work were to study of the composition ofT. vulgaris essential oil,...
Anti-inflammatory properties of ethanolic root extract of Eremurus persicus (Jaub and Spach) Boiss, a Kurdish herbal remedy
June 2013
This study reports for the first time a preliminary phytochemical and biological screening of ethanolic extract (EE) from roots of Eremurus persicus (Jaub and Spach) Boiss, a Kurdish herbal remedy for treating inflammatory disorders. The phytochemical analysis was performed by thin layer chromatography and it revealed the presence of flavonoids and antracenones. The total phenolic compounds were also...
Neuropharmacological studies of Piper auritum Kunth (Piperaceae): antinociceptive and anxiolytic-like effects
June 2013
P. auritum Kunth leaves commonly known as “hierba santa” or “acuyo” or false Kava is used in Mexican Traditional Medicine as a tranquilizing and appetite stimulant agent, as well as a remedy for the relief of headache. The objective of the present work was to evaluate the effects of organic and aqueous extracts of Piper auritum Kunth (Piperaceae) leaves on the Central Nervous...
Aqueous garlic extract attenuates hypercholesterolemic and hyperglycemic perspectives; rabbit experimental modeling
June 2013
Functional and nutraceutical foods are gaining popularity worldwide due to the consumer trend towards natural cure by means of dietary modifications. In 20th Century, nutritionists of the Western world focused mainly on the identification, isolation and purification of nutrients essential for human growth and development. Garlic (Allium sativum), is one of the most essential vegetables providing health benefits due to...
Silymarin content in Silybum marianum fruits at different maturity stages
June 2013
Silymarin is one of the most investigated plant extracts with known mechanism of action. It is used for oral treatment of toxic liver damage. Silybin, isosilybin, silychristin and silydianin are the main flavonolignan components of silymarin isolated from the fruits of Silybum marianum. A reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for determination of flavonolignans was developed. The...
Report of Bruchidius tuberculatus (Hochhut 1847) (Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) from biodiversity hotspot region of Kashmir Himalaya - A promising biocontrol agent against invasive alien weed Centurea iberica Trev. ex Spreng
June 2013
Invasion by alien species threaten native biodiversity, alter the functioning of ecosystems, and cause substantial economic impacts. Biological control of these invasive species using co-evolved natural enemies has long been considered a safe, cost effective, and environmentally benign tool for pest management. Here, we for the first time report the Mediterranean endophagous seed beetle Bruchidius...
An ethnobotanical survey of some medicinal plants in Keban (Elazığ-Turkey)
June 2013
In this study, 61 wild plant taxa belonging to 30 families that are used as medicine are documented in Keban (Elazığ). The most encountered medicinal plant families were Lamiaceae (10 taxa), Asteraceae (8 taxa), Fabaceae (6 taxa) and Rosaceae (5 taxa), the most common preparations were infusion and decoction. These folk medicinal plants are mostly used for treatment of kidney stones, colds and flu, analgesic, cough,...
Content and chemical composition of the essential oils of Aristolochia cymbifera Mart. and Zucc. extracted from leaves submitted to different temperatures
June 2013
The drying of plant materials ensures the preservation of the active constituents of medicinal plants. This experiment was conducted at the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology at the Goiás, Rio Verde Campus. The study sought to evaluate the effects of three drying air temperatures on the content and chemical composition of the essential oils of Aristolochia cymbifera (A. cymbifera)....
Variation in essential oil composition of Mentha longifolia var. chlorodichtya Rech.f. and Ziziphora clinopodiodes Lam. growing in different habitats
June 2013
Essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation of the aerial parts of Mentha longifolia (L.) Hudson var. chlorodictya Rech. f. collected from two different locations in Iran and three populations of Ziziphora clinopodiodes Lam. were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). 98.47 and 96.99% of total oils in M. longifolia were...
Antitermitic activity and phytochemical analysis of fifteen medicinal plant seeds
June 2013
The present study was designed to evaluate the phytochemical composition (qualitative and quantitative) as well as the antitermitic activity of EtOH (ethanol) seed extracts of fifteen medicinal plants. Different bioassay were used for the determination of phytochemical constituents and flavonoids, saponins, tannins and alkaloids contents were found to ranged from 0.65 to 15.18%, 0.54 to 8.60%, 0.08 to...
Hab-o Shefa (an Iranian traditional medicine compound) in withdrawal syndrome and its effects in acute detoxification of opiates addict: A randomized, double blind, clinical trials
June 2013
Hab-o Shefa is a natural traditional Iranian medicine (TIM) product that many centuries used as a replacement for opium addiction treatment. In this randomized, double blind, controlled, clinical trial the effect of Hab-o Shefa was studied in the treatment of opiates addiction. In a double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial, 90 in-patients with opiates dependency that received an assisted self-help intervention,...
Efficacy and safety of Ziabites (an Iranian traditional medicine compound) on glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients
June 2013
This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Ziabites on glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients. The samples consisted of 31 subjects and the doses of Ziabites were equally administered orally in the form of capsule before the breakfast, lunch and dinner. The doses were given for 4 weeks. Ziabites capsule contains Portulaca oleracea L.Rhus coriaria L. and Punica...
Evaluation of selected pesticidal plant extracts against major cabbage insect pests in the field
June 2013
An evaluation of fresh extracts from three locally available pesticidal plants in Central Uganda was carried out against two important cabbage insect pests in the field in order to assess their potency for pesticidal application. This followed the farmers’ view that these plants could have pesticidal features as they had been observed to protect leafy crops against pests. Results suggest that Euphorbia...
Trichomes diversity in the tropical flora of Pakistan
June 2013
Trichomes diversity from the study of foliar epidermal anatomy has been studied for 51 species belonging to 40 genera and 20 families. In the studied plant species, 10 different types of trichomes were observed for both glandular and eglandular types. Among these species, 38 are amphitrichomic while the remaining 13 are either epitrichomic or hypotrichomic. The most frequent types of trichomes were attenuate and...
Antibacterial, antifungal and phytotoxic activities of Luffa cylindrica and Momordica charantia
June 2013
Plants are important for their medicinal value because they contain numerous compounds with therapeutic value. Keeping in mind this aspect, traditionally important plants, Luffa cylindrica and Momordica charantia, were screened for antibacterial, antifungal and phytotoxic activities. The n-hexane fraction of L. cylindrical exhibited good (64%) and crude methanolic extract, moderate (58%)...
Ethnobotanical profile of Tehsil Takht-e-Nasratti, District Karak, Pakistan
June 2013
The present study was carried out to extract ethnobotanical data through interview, using semi-structured questionnaire and personal observation in Tehsil Takht-e-Nasratti, District Karak, Khyber Pakhtun khawa, Pakistan. We documented the use of 161 plants belonging to 57 families including 22 trees, 23 shrubs, 104 herbs, 9 grasses and 3 parasite species in present investigation. The locals used 118 (73.3%) species...
Herbal medicine use among diabetes mellitus patients in Northern Cyprus
June 2013
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic, metabolic disease which may result in further complications. Traditional herbal medicines are used all over the world by diabetic patients. It is estimated that more than 1000 plant species are used against diabetes as folk medicine. Medical authorities such as World Health Organization encourage research on herbal medicines to come up with alternatives for treatment of diabetes,...
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