Effect of spilled engine oil on soil quality indicators and physiological performance of maize, cowpea and sorghum
July 2021
Soil contamination through oil spillage accumulates in the soil and affect plant growth. The study was conducted to examine the effect of spilled engine oil on soil nutrients and germination of seed in the in the Central region of Ghana. Ten samples were collected randomly from selected mechanic and fitting sites in the Elmina municipality. A randomized complete block design using three test crops was used to evaluate...
Groundwater resources for domestic and irrigation purposes in Melong (Littoral Region, Cameroon): Hydrogeochemical constraints
July 2021
Groundwater is a valuable natural resource whose quality is threatened by natural and man-made pollutants. This study aims to perform a hydrochemical characterization of groundwater resources used for domestic and irrigational activities in Melong (Littoral Cameroon). Thus, 26 subsurface water samples were collected in the dry season (six sampling points) and rainy season (seven sampling points) of the years 2019 and...
Determination of the optimum tilt angle for photovoltaic modules in Senegal
June 2021
This paper deals with finding the optimum tilt angle of solar panels for solar energy applications. The objective is to maximize the output electrical energy of the photovoltaic (PV) modules. A mathematical model was used to determine the optimum tilt angle of solar collectors in Senegal on a daily and monthly basis, as well as for a specific period. Then, the configuration of the optimum tilt angle was analyzed by...
CREST/EF5 capacity building to enhance resilience to hydrodynamic disasters in emerging regions
June 2021
Water and water-related disasters, e.g. flooding, landslide and droughts, are affecting the world and it is important for decision makers and experts to build the capacity of forecasting hydrodynamic disasters and safeguarding people’s life and property. This study focuses on building capacity of decision makers and analysts with an aim to create and support a robust framework for decision makers in integrated...
Occupational health impacts of climate change across different climate zones and elevations in sub-Saharan East Africa
June 2021
Climate change will cause Sub-Saharan tropical countries to experience a disproportionate increase in the number of extremely hot days when compared to Western countries with more temperate climates. We use the High Occupational Temperature Health and Productivity Suppression (HOTHAPS) model to estimate the potential impact of rising temperatures on worker productivity in different climate regions within Ethiopia,...
Diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated to Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) in soils of Sikasso region (Mali)
June 2021
In Mali, studies on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) characterization and diversity are still few, despite the important roles played by these microorganisms in plant growth and in degraded soils restoration. Sorghum is one of the staple food grains in Mali and as such plays a key role in food security in Mali. This study aims to determine diversity of AMF strains associated to sorghum in Sikasso region soils in Mali....
Optimization of oxygen consumption and reduction of organic matter from waste during the fermentation phase: Case of the composting platform in Lomé, Togo
June 2021
In the context of carbon financing it is required that the rate oxygen inside the windrows exceeds 8% to avoid anaerobic decomposition. Thus, the objective of this study is to optimize oxygen consumption and reduce organic matter in the waste during the fermentation phase. Windrow turning is monitored, which includes monitoring of temperature, pH, organic matter, humidity and certain metals.Temperature monitoring...
Assessment of leachate contamination potential of landfills in Ibadan, Nigeria
May 2021
Environmental pollution leads to poor health and has been a worrisome experience to humanity for the past few decades. This research was conducted to determine the pollution potential of landfill leachates (LFL) in Sub-Saharan Africa, using Ibadan as case study. Survey of landfills in the metropolis was undertaken; the two major active unlined landfills (Ajakanga and Awotan), were considered for this study. During...
Determinants of climate change adaptation and perceptions among small-scale farmers of Embu County, Eastern Kenya
May 2021
Climate change threatens the livelihoods of millions of small-scale farmers in East Africa. How farmers perceive climate change and its impacts has a strong bearing on how they adapt to the adverse impacts. This paper focused on factors that determine climate change adaptation and perceptions among small-scale farmers of Embu County. A survey was carried out across five sub-counties of Embu County where a multi-stage...
Ecological status of a tropical river in Niger delta area of Nigeria, using aquatic insects
May 2021
Freshwater ecosystems are the major source of water, being used for domestic, agricultural and industrial purposes. Water bodies are subjected to anthropogenic activities leading to degradation of the water quality. The aim of this study is to assess the health status of Isiokpo River. Aquatic insects were sampled from March to August 2017. Physico-chemical parameters were examined using standard laboratory procedures....
Impact of mining on environment: A case study of Taita Taveta County, Kenya
May 2021
Research on the impacts of mining on the environment was conducted on nine purposive selected mining sites in Kamtonga and Mkuki, Taita Taveta County, Kenya. The FOLCHI method was adopted to quantify the environmental impact of mining activities in gemstone mining sites. The affected environment surrounding the pits was broken down into three components such as Topography, Vegetation and Air. The effect of the three...
A community perspective of flood occurrence and weather forecasting over Kampala City
May 2021
Weather and climate issues have become increasingly recognized among the global challenges especially in the era of climate change. Kampala city has faced a number of flooding events in the past that have led to serious damages in many low lying areas of the city. A study was conducted in one of the flood prone areas in Kampala city to understand the community perspectives on flood occurrence and weather forecasting in...
Speciation of trace metal elements in sediments of Alibori River, North-West of Benin
March 2021
Alibori River located in northwestern Benin is subject to contamination by trace metal elements (TME: Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd) due to the use of agricultural inputs in its vicinity. This study focuses on the speciation of TME elements in the sediments of this river. The sediments were sampled during the rainy and dry seasons, dried, crushed and then sieved. The sediments were then mineralized and subjected to sequential...
Characterization of cyanobacteria microcystins (cyanotoxins) blooming in the Dams of Northern Morocco
March 2021
Cyanobacteria thrive in eutrophic freshwaters and impose a serious problem for the management of water bodies. Some Cyanobacteria species impose even a risk for public health due to the production of intracellular toxins. This study is a qualitative approach to determine the degree of toxicity and the toxicological aspect of cyanotoxins in order to setup a monitoring program for cyanobacteria blooms and the management...
Variability of physiochemical properties of livestock manure with added wood shavings during Windrow Composting
February 2021
Composting livestock manure still remains one of the best waste-to-resource technologies practiced in the world. There is however, limited information on composting of livestock manure and wood shavings in Cameroon. This research, carried out in South West Region of Cameroon assesses the variability of physiochemical properties: pH, pile temperature, mass, volatile solids contents (VS), total solids (TS) and total...
Projected climate risks for rice crops in Casamance, Southern Senegal
February 2021
The climate risk concept is crucial for agricultural production in vulnerable regions. In this work the climate conditions that influence the climate risk for rice crop in Casamance are presented. The future occurrence of drought and extreme precipitation conditions in the most critical phases of the rice plant evolution has been evaluated. Regional climate models (RCMs) outputs projections from CORDEX under two...
Soil nematodes status of crude oil polluted sites in Bodo community, Gokana Local Government Area, Rivers State, Nigeria
February 2021
Crude oil spill destroys biodiversity and adversely impacts the physicochemical characteristics of the terrestrial and aquatic environments. The population characteristics of soil nematodes can serve as indicators of alterations in the terrestrial environment. To determine the effects of crude oil spillage on the soil nematode fauna status; a study was carried out at an impacted area in Gokana Local Government Area of...
Kinetics of phosphate adsorption by Ca/Cr layered double hydroxide
February 2021
Kinetics of phosphate adsorption by Ca/Cr layered double hydroxide (LDH) in a batch reactor was investigated in this study. The kinetic experiments indicated that the sorption of phosphate from the synthetic feed solution by the synthesised LDH was very fast, with over 98% removal being achieved within 5 min of contact. Kinetic modeling of the sorption process to different kinetic models (pseudo first order, pseudo...
Cost minimization and operation optimization model for strategic waste management decision plans: A case study
February 2021
The design of a sustainable waste management system is pivoted on the ability to generate and compute real-time operational data for a strategic developmental decision plan. The real-time waste data generated at the University of Lagos Campus waste management system was used to develop a mathematical model with three operational indicators, namely, Total Cost Indicator (TCI), to show the overall daily cost for managing...
Impact of oil installations on groundwater resources in Bongor Basin, Republic of Chad
January 2021
This study examines concentration of pollutants that can contaminate soil, surface water and groundwater in the Bongor Basin. The analysis of thirty soil samples from six oil sites: Koudalwa, Ronier, Ndoubadana, Narenang, Croisement Baobab and Croisement Ridina was carried out using standard laboratory testing methods of chemical elements and pollutants. Results reveal that Nickel has a maximum concentration above the...
Current situation of solid waste management in East African countries and the proposal for sustainable management
January 2021
Effects of unsustainable solid waste management are found all around the world but it is worse in developing and under developed countries like East African Community (EAC) countries. A big proportion of their solid waste is not properly managed. This paper highlighted the situation of solid wastes management in EAC countries and compared with other countries. More than 62.5% of generated solid waste in EAC is organic,...
Knowledge and attitude of Khat growing farmers on the safe use and handling of pesticides in Haromaya Wereda, Oromia Regional State, Eastern Ethiopia
January 2021
The awareness level of the farmers growing Khat regarding the safe use of pesticide was investigated in this study at Haromaya Wereda, Eastern Ethiopia. In order to achieve the proposed objectives, structured questionnaires, oral discussions, and field observations were organized with the farmers growing Khat on the safe use of pesticide. After the study sites were selected purposively, systematic random sampling of the...
Short-term response of flat tree oyster, Isognomon alatus to CO2 acidified seawater in laboratory and field experiments
January 2021
Seawater changing chemistry has consequences on coastal ecosystems and their living resources. Future projections suggest the pH could drop ~0.2-0.3 pH units by the year 2100 under a business-as-usual (BAU) CO2 emission scenario. Marine calcifying organisms such as corals, calcifying algae, crustaceans, mussels, oysters and clams are most likely to be impacted by ocean acidification. The Isognomon alatus (flat tree...
Influence of particle size and total organic carbon on heavy metal concentrations in sediments of Lake Baringo, Kenya
December 2020
Heavy metals impair water and sediment quality and thus, can cause adverse impacts on aquatic organisms especially when they exceed the recommended threshold levels. Heavy metal concentrations in water and sediments are a reflection of the anthropogenic activities on the watershed as well as the geology of the area. Metal concentrations and subsequently their bioavailability are influenced by the sediment...
Residents’ perception of the effects of soot pollution in Rivers State, Nigeria
December 2020
Air pollution is a growing cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Nigeria is confronted with rising air pollution concerns due to activities of extractives, industrialisation and high population growth rate. Many areas of Rivers State, which provide 60% of Nigeria’s crude oil output, have recently been experiencing visible fallout of soot. To assess the perception of residents of Rivers State on the current...
Spatio-temporal characterization of the physico-chemical quality of groundwater: Case of the Lobo watershed (Centre-west of Côte d'Ivoire)
December 2020
Drinking water supply to rural communities is increasingly relying on finding groundwater. However, groundwater resources, although believed to be safe and free of pollution, are subjects to local and diffusive pollution. This work aims at assessing the groundwater quality in the Lobo catchment area in Nibéhibé and addressing the mineralization phenomena. To achieve such an objective, a statistical...
Mining the past for a better future of African waters: Historical changes in the fish and fishery of Lake Bam (Burkina Faso) before rehabilitation
December 2020
Terrestrial waters provide multiple goods and services to human kind, but they have been severely diminished by increasing human exploitation of water and the landscapes surrounding aquatic communities. This research illuminates such dynamics in the recent history of exploitation of the Lake Bam fishery in Burkina Faso. To do so, from 2009 to 2015 we collected data on the ecology, exploitation and governance of the Lake...
Local perceptions and adaptation to climate variability and change: In the Bilate watershed
November 2020
In this study, farmers’ perceptions and adaptation options to climate variability and change were assessed in the Bilate watershed of south central Ethiopia. The determinant factors that influence the choice of farmers to climate change and variability adaptation were also investigated. Above 92% of the surveyed farm households perceived variability and change in climatic variables. Based on the data from 270...
Carbon sequestration potential of disturbed and non-disturbed forest ecosystem: A tool for mitigating climate change
November 2020
Climate change is the severest environmental threat of the 21st century. The main factor responsible for the current pace of climate change is attributed to anthropogenic emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs), mainly carbon-dioxide (CO2). So, the aim of reducing carbon sources and increasing the carbon sink can be achieved by protecting the carbon pools. Forests are the largest carbon pool on earth as they hold more than...
Assessment of the heavy metal - levels in the incinerators bottom-ash from different hospitals in Dares Salaam
November 2020
Understanding content of bottom ashes from incinerator especially toxic heavy metals is an important step towards ash utilization. The aim of this paper was to evaluate heavy metals levels of in bottom-ash from hospital waste incinerators in four different hospitals in Dar es Salaam city (Muhimbili National Hospital and three regional referral hospitals Mwananyamala Ilala and Temeke) in Dar es Salaam city, Tanzania. It...
Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the pollutant load of effluents discharged Northwestern of Lake Tanganyika, in the Democratic Republic of Congo
November 2020
The qualitative and quantitative analysis of pollutant loads from effluents discharged into Lake Tanganyika has been studied, with a view to evaluate remediation strategies. The discharge of effluents into Lake Tanganyika calls for concern as it poses serious threats to the biological wealth of the lake. Physico-chemical and microbiological parameters were evaluated for pollution from the effluent source to Lake...
Bamboo diversity and carbon stocks of dominant species in different agro-ecological zones in Cameroon
October 2020
Bamboo is of ecological and socio-economic importance in the world. However, knowledge on its potential in climate change mitigation remains superficial in Cameroon. The present study identified bamboo diversity and estimated carbon stocks of the dominant species in Cameroon. Ground truth method and local informants were used for a bamboo species survey in five Agro-ecological zones (AEZs). Twenty-two circular plots of...
Assessment of air pollutant emissions from healthcare waste incinerators of different design features
October 2020
The aim of this paper was to e valuate the levels of gaseous emissions from four different healthcare wastes incinerators in three regional hospitals and one national hospital in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. The incinerators studied differ in terms of capacity (kg/h) and design features. Five gaseous air pollutants (CO, CO2, NOx, and SO2) were analyzed in the sampled flue gases using a portable desktop combustion gas...
Occurrence dynamics of nitrogen compounds in faecal sludge stabilisation ponds in the Tamale Metropolis, Ghana
October 2020
Faecal sludge, with richness in soil nutrients represents an important resource for enhancing soil productivity. In this study, the occurrence dynamics of nitrogen compounds NH3, NO2- and NO3- in engineered waste stabilisation ponds in the Tamale metropolis was monitored for 5 months in the dry season. Four treatment ponds were divided into three units: Influent point, midpoint and effluent point for sampling purposes....
Advancing climate change adaptation in Uganda’s agricultural programming for sustainable development: Key milestones and constraints
October 2020
Climate change remains a crucial threat to sustainable development, particularly to the farming communities, which are more vulnerable to climate impacts. Uganda has made commendable steps in building an institutional framework for addressing climate change. However, the framework remains scattered in several documents making it difficult to track and conceptualize. This paper provides a one-stop center for...
Assessment of the phytoremediation capabilities of bracken fern (Pteridium aquilinum) for the remediation of heavy metals (Pb, Ni and Cd) contaminated water
October 2020
This study was carried out to investigate the potential uptake of heavy metals (Pb, Ni, and Cd) by Pteridium aquilinum plant from aqueous solutions. The whole plant strands were cultured in 36 experimental pots containing 5, 10 and 15 (mg/L) of Pb2+, Ni2+ and Cd2+ aqueous solutions. The plants were harvested after 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours of exposure and segmented into leaves, stem and root, respectively. The heavy...
Assessment of the health impacts of WASH interventions in disaster-prone communities in three regions of Northern Ghana
September 2020
This study evaluated the health impacts of WASH interventions in 9 intervention communities against 9 control communities in disaster-prone areas in northern Ghana. We extracted community-specific data on patient-reported cases of WASH-related diseases from health facilities in the study areas. Also, we used key informant interviews and household questionnaires to seek information for validation. The impact was measured...
Irrigation water quality analysis of Mitheu Stream in Machakos Municipality, Kenya
September 2020
Water samples for physico-chemical, heavy metals and bacteriological analyses were collected from 4 selected points along Mitheu Stream flowing through Machakos Municipality once every month from June 2019 to September 2019. The samples were analyzed in Kenya Plant and Health Inspectorate Service and Water Resources Authority laboratories then data subjected to one-way analysis of variance to test significant...
Assessment of chitosan – coated Aspergillus–niger as biosorbent for dye removal and its impact on the heavy metal and physicochemical parameters of textile wastewater
September 2020
Efficiency of biosorbent from chitosan coated dead fungal biomass of Aspergillus niger for dye removal with its impact on metals and physicochemical parameters of textile industry wastewater were assessed. Dye and metal concentrations of wastewater were determined using UV and Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometers respectively, before and after column biosorption using simulation optimized parameters with biosorbent....
Effect of agitation on the process of bi methanization of sludge from low-temperature wastewater treatment plants
September 2020
Wastewater treatment is a serious environmental problem, especially in developing countries such as Morocco. Their discharge into the natural environment has negative impacts on water resources and the environment. They are therefore purified to reduce the concentration of the main pollutants. Often biological remediation is used when wastewater contains biodegradable organic pollutants. This generally leads to treated...
An appraisal of high definition survey approaches in subsidence monitoring of crude oil storage tanks
September 2020
Vertical and horizontal motion of the solid earth surface due to geological and geodynamical phenomena are generally consequences of terrain deformation. Variations as a result of the deformation affect structures, particularly large storage facilities that are steel and/or concrete in nature. The criticality of these phenomena underscores the need to carryout regular measurements and monitoring of its effect in all...
Possibility of improving solid waste management in senior high schools in the Ashanti region of Ghana
August 2020
Little attention has been given to solid waste management in Senior High Schools meanwhile their population and consumption pattern keeps on increasing. The study was conducted in senior high schools within the Ashanti Region to determine the composition and generation rate of solid waste in the selected senior high schools. An extensive field investigation was used for quantification and analysis of the composition of...
Greenhouse gas reduction and cost-benefit through improving municipal solid waste management in Ouagadougou
August 2020
Waste management is one of the major challenges of urban management in Sub Saharan African countries. The current difficulties in the management of solid waste are the result of poor mastering of concepts, approaches, and techniques. This paper aims to study the Greenhouse gas reduction and cost-benefit through improving municipal solid waste management in Ouagadougou. Since the site location is important for collection...
Urban climate variability trend in the coastal region of Mombasa Kenya
August 2020
The world population in global south countries is increasing. This fast growth has heightened urban ecological footprint that contributes to anthropogenic forcing triggering of the climate system. From this study, climate variability trend dynamics in Mombasa County, a coastal urban area in Kenya was examined. A retrospective study was done (1989-2019) to determine the changes in temperature and rainfall in the area of...
Statistical modeling of diesel leaching rate in soils at base transceiver stations
August 2020
The process of modeling contaminant volume, rainfall intensity, and soil depth was investigated on diesel leaching and retention in soil subjected to oil pollution from five Base Transceiver Stations. The experimental runs were carried out over three operating parameters which include contaminant volume (50-350 ml), rainfall intensity (5- 10 mm/h), and soil depth (30 - 90 cm) using Response Surface Methodology. Among...
Oil and gas exploitation in the Ghanaian context: The balance of benefits and challenges
July 2020
This study investigated the benefits and challenges associated with oil and gas exploitation from the Ghanaian perspective. A case study design that embraced both quantitative and qualitative methodologies was adopted for the study. Communities close to the oil and gas production area (that is, the Jubilee Oil Field) were specifically targeted as the study population. The population covered three communities;...
Air quality in city centres: The transportation effect in Minna metropolis Chanchaga Local Government Area, Niger State Nigeria
July 2020
This study is aimed at assessing ambient air quality in city centres, in Minna metropolis, Niger State, North-Central part of Nigeria. Thirty points of commercial transportation locations within the city centre were considered, three thousand observations of CO, CO2, LEL, H2S and O2 were collected at different West African time (6 am, 8 am, 10 am, 12 noon and 6 pm) during the wet season in 2018 and analysed. Instruments...
Comparison between real and label content of different bottled water brands from Saudi Arabia and other international countries
July 2020
For consumers, the water composition is indicated on a label attached to the water bottle. Reports about wrong label information were the motivation for this comparative study of the real content of 20 different bottled water brands from Saudi Arabia and 19 other brands from different countries in Asia, Oceania, Africa, and Europe. The pH, total dissolved salt (TDS) concentration, and concentrations of nine cations and...
Molecular characterisation of bacteria strains of septic tank sewage samples from related sites in Delta and Edo States of Nigeria using 16S rRNA denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE)
June 2020
The molecular characterization of raw septic tank sewage in the region under study was evaluated using 16S rRNA denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). Raw effluent samples from three septic tanks in the Delta and Edo States region of Nigeria was collected between November 2018 and January 2019 for testing. A composite sample was formed from the three samples collected. The raw sewage sample was sequenced for...
Quantifying forest cover at Mount Kenya: Use of Sentinel-2 for a discrimination of tropical tree composites
June 2020
The aim of the present study is to test ESA’s Sentinel-2 (S2) satellites (S2A and S2B) for an efficient quantification of land cover (LC) and forest compositions in a tropical environment southwest of Mount Kenya. Furthermore, outcome of the research is used to validate ESA’s S2 prototype LC 20 m map of Africa that was produced in 2016. A decision tree that is based on significant altitudinal ranges was used...
Page 3 of 23, showing 50 records out of 1126 total, starting on record 101, ending on 150
Advertisement
Advertisement
